CN114152551A - Simulation experiment system and method for gas displacement and replacement of natural gas - Google Patents
Simulation experiment system and method for gas displacement and replacement of natural gas Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gas displacement natural gas replacement simulation experiment system and a gas displacement natural gas replacement simulation experiment method, wherein the gas displacement natural gas replacement simulation experiment system comprises a gas injection device, a core holder, a vacuumizing device, a shaft pressure back pressure control device, a gas metering device and a second temperature control box, wherein the core holder is placed in the second temperature control box to conveniently adjust the temperature, so that different formation temperatures can be conveniently simulated. The experimental system and the method can be used for simulating the adsorption and analysis effects of unconventional natural gas reservoir rock samples on gas or simulating N2Or CO2Single gas or N2And CO2The process of replacing natural gas by mixed gas simultaneously improves the CO injection in the prior similar experimental device2The metering precision of the mixed gas at the tail end of the experiment system is improved, and the experiment effect is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of unconventional natural gas development such as coal bed gas, shale gas and the like, in particular to a gas displacement natural gas replacement simulation experiment system and a method.
Background
The unconventional natural gas resources such as shale gas, coal bed gas and the like in China are rich, and the unconventional natural gas resources are mainly stored in an unconventional natural gas storage layer in an adsorption state or a free state. The permeability of an unconventional natural gas reservoir is generally low, the natural productivity is not high, and a new yield increasing technology is urgently needed to increase the natural gas yield after the production reaches a certain stage. Currently, CO injection into unconventional natural gas reservoirs2Or N2Displacement of natural gas is an emerging technology for increasing production by injecting CO into unconventional natural gas reservoirs2Or N2After the gas passes through CH4Competitive adsorption with reservoir rock sample to reduce CH4Thereby promoting adsorbed CH of unconventional natural gas reservoirs4Desorption with simultaneous displacement of free CH4Gas, thereby increasing the production and recovery of unconventional natural gas.
The main technical problems existing in the currently published patents are:
1. the existing similar experimental devices are few, single in function and inconvenient to operate: currently, researches on unconventional natural gas reservoir displacement replacement technology mainly focus on N2Or CO2Adsorption and desorption law of single gas for simulating N2Or CO2Device for displacing natural gas, in particular for simulating N2And CO2The experimental device for displacing and replacing the natural gas after mixing is extremely few, single in function, inconvenient to operate and low in measurement precision of experimental data.
2、CO2Easy phase transition, low metering accuracy: due to CO2The physical properties and other reasons, the CO of the existing similar experimental device changes along with the experimental conditions such as temperature, pressure and the like in the experimental process2Phase change is easy to occur, and the conventional gas metering method cannot accurately meter the experimentCO injected and removed in-process2The measurement accuracy is not high, and the experimental effect is not good.
3. The flow metering difficulties of the various gases involved in the experiment: when a plurality of gas displacement replacement experiments are carried out, a gas chromatograph is generally adopted in the industry to measure the components of the mixed gas, real-time online measurement cannot be realized, and inconvenience is brought to the experiment operation. The gas flow is measured by an infrared gas analyzer in a certain similar device, but the pressure action in an experimental gas path has great influence on the accuracy of the gas measured by the infrared gas analyzer, so that the experimental result error is large and the experimental effect is poor.
Therefore, how to provide a gas displacement natural gas replacement simulation experiment system and method, and N is realized at the same time2Or CO2A single gas, or N2And CO2The function of the mixed gas displacement natural gas replacement process is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the related art to provide a method and apparatus for generating N2And CO2The invention discloses a simulation experiment system and a simulation experiment method for replacing natural gas by gas displacement, wherein N can be simulated2And CO2The two gases are respectively or simultaneously injected into the unconventional natural gas reservoir according to different proportions and flows, so that the simulation utilization of N is realized2Or CO2A single gas, or N2And CO2The function of the mixed gas displacement natural gas replacement process.
In view of the above, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a simulation experiment system for replacing natural gas by gas displacement is provided, which includes
The core holder is placed in the second temperature control box; the second temperature control box is used for adjusting the temperature of the rock sample in the rock core holder;
a gas injection device; the pressure gauge is connected to the inlet end of the core holder through an eighth pressure gauge; conveying gas into the core holder;
a gas metering device; the device is connected to the outlet end of the rock core holder, and the mixed gas at the tail end of the statistical simulation experiment system is metered;
an axial pressure and back pressure control device; respectively connecting the core holder and the gas metering device, and increasing axial pressure or back pressure;
a vacuum pumping device; and the vacuumizing device is connected with the rock core holder and is used for vacuumizing the simulation experiment system.
According to the simulation experiment system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the core holder is a high-pressure-resistant piston container, and the temperature probes are arranged in the core holder and used for monitoring the temperature in the holder, so that the experiment is more suitable for the actual situation.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the gas injection means comprises injecting hydrocarbon gas, namely CH4Simulated first branch, second branch for injecting nitrogen and injecting CO2The third branch of (2); the tail ends of the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are all connected with an eighth pressure gauge.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are provided with a gas cylinder, a filter, a gas pump, a plurality of valves and a storage tank which are sequentially connected upstream and downstream; wherein the first branch and the second branch are provided with flowmeters which are connected with the downstream of the storage tank; a constant-speed constant-pressure pump is arranged on the third branch and connected to the downstream of the storage tank; the tanks on the third branch are placed in a first temperature-controlled box.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a valve and a pressure gauge are provided between the filter and the air pump in the order of up-and-down stream; a valve and a one-way valve are arranged between the air pump and the storage tank in sequence from up to down stream; one-way valves are arranged between the storage tank and the flowmeter on the first branch and the second branch; a valve is arranged between the flowmeter and the eighth pressure gauge; a check valve and a valve are sequentially arranged between the third branch storage tank and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump from top to bottom; and a safety valve and a valve are sequentially arranged between the constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the eighth pressure gauge from top to bottom.
According to one embodiment of the invention, one side of the air pump is connected with an air compressor; the top of the storage tank is provided with a pressure gauge and a thermometer, and the bottom of the storage tank is provided with an emptying valve; the constant-speed constant-pressure pump is connected with a pressure gauge.
According to the inventionThe gas metering device comprises a fourth filter, a seventh one-way valve, a back pressure valve, a high-precision pressure reducing valve, a dryer and a CH which are sequentially connected upstream and downstream4Infrared gas analyzer, CO2An infrared gas analyzer and an airbag; a pressure gauge and a valve are sequentially arranged between the fourth filter and the seventh check valve at the upstream and downstream; CO 22A flowmeter is arranged between the infrared gas analyzer and the air bag; the shaft pressure and back pressure control device is connected with the back pressure valve.
Advantageously, CH4Infrared gas analyzer, CO2The infrared gas analyzer is an on-line CH4Infrared gas analyzer, on-line CO2The infrared gas analyzer can respectively perform real-time online metering.
According to the simulation experiment system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the back pressure valve has a heating function and is used for preventing liquid CO flowing out of the core holder2Due to the pressure change, the phenomenon of ice blockage is generated, so that the pipeline is blocked and the instrument is damaged. The high-precision pressure reducing valve reduces the pressure of the high-pressure gas coming out of the back pressure valve to a normal pressure state, so that the gas pressure in the pipeline is prevented from influencing CH4Gas infrared gas analyzer, CO2The metering precision of the gas infrared gas analyzer; the dryer is used for drying trace moisture possibly contained in the gas exhausted by the core holder and the high-precision pressure reducing valve to prevent CH4Infrared gas analyzer, CO2The measurement accuracy of the gas infrared gas analyzer causes interference. CH (CH)4Infrared gas analyzer, CO2An infrared gas analyzer for respectively measuring CH in the mixed gas discharged from the drier in the experimental system in real time on line4、CO2Volume percent of gas. The flowmeter arranged on the gas metering device is a mass flowmeter and is used for metering the flow of the mixed gas at the tail end. Specifically, the first flowmeter, the second flowmeter and the third flowmeter are mass flowmeters, and can adjust the gas flow.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the shaft pressure and back pressure control device comprises a hand pump and a buffer tank; a valve is arranged between the hand pump and the buffer tank; the buffer tank is connected with the back pressure valve and the rock core holder through valves respectively.
According to the simulation experiment system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the hand-operated pump pumps water into the buffer tank, and one path of water can apply axial pressure to the core holder through the valve, so that a rock sample in the core holder is more compact, and the porosity of the rock sample is adjusted; the other path can also apply certain pressure to the back pressure valve through another valve, thereby adjusting the outlet pressure required by the experiment.
According to the second object of the invention, a method for simulating a gas displacement natural gas replacement experiment is provided, the simulation experiment system is used for simulating the gas displacement natural gas replacement experiment, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1)CH4isothermal adsorption and desorption experiments:
a, placing a rock sample into a rock core holder, and vacuumizing a simulation experiment system by using a vacuumizing device;
b, injecting water into the rock core holder by using a hand-operated pump, and adjusting to the axial pressure required by the experiment;
c, adjusting the pressure and the temperature of the back pressure valve to the requirements of the experiment; simultaneously adjusting a second temperature control box, and adjusting the temperature of the rock sample in the rock core holder to the temperature required by the experiment;
d will be CH on the first branch4Injecting into core holder to make CH4Stopping CH after core adsorption saturation in the core holder4Injecting;
e setting the back pressure, or lowering the experimental temperature and completing CH at this back pressure4Desorbing;
f, changing conditions of temperature, pressure, gas flow, rock sample type, gas type and the like of the experiment, and developing a contrast experiment;
(2)N2and/or CO2Gas displacement of CH4。
According to one embodiment of the invention, N2Displacing CH4Comprises the following steps of dividing N on the second branch2Injecting the mixture into a storage tank, pressurizing the mixture, injecting the pressurized mixture into a core holder, and displacing and replacing the saturated CH of the rock sample in the core holder4(ii) a When the pore pressure in the rock core holder reaches the pressure of the back pressure valveThe body is output from the core holder; when the flow meter on the second branch is equal to the flow meter on the gas metering device, and CH4When the reading of the infrared gas analyzer reaches 0%, the displacement experiment is completed, and N is calculated and analyzed2Displacing CH4The effect of (1).
According to one embodiment of the invention, the CO2Displacing CH4Comprising the step of passing the CO on the third branch2Injecting the mixture into a storage tank, pressurizing the mixture, injecting the pressurized mixture into a core holder through a constant-speed constant-pressure pump, and displacing saturated CH in a rock sample of the core holder4(ii) a When the pore pressure in the rock core holder reaches the pressure of the back pressure valve, outputting gas; when the constant-speed constant-pressure pump on the third branch is equal to the gas metering device in flow, and CH4When the reading of the infrared gas analyzer reaches 0%, the displacement experiment is completed, and CO is calculated and analyzed2Displacing CH4The effect of (1).
According to one embodiment of the invention, N2And CO2Displacing CH4The method comprises the following steps: n on the second branch2And CO on the third branch2Respectively injecting into storage tank, pressurizing, and adding N2Injecting into core holder, pressurizing, and adding CO2Injecting into the core holder by a constant-speed constant-pressure pump, N2And CO2The flow meters on the second branch and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump injection flow on the third branch are respectively adjusted according to the proportion of the N, so that N with different proportions is realized2And CO2Function of gas mixture displacement, N2And CO2The gas proportion is flexibly adjusted according to the experimental purpose.
Through the technical scheme, the invention provides N2And CO2The gas displacement natural gas replacement simulation experiment system and the method have the following technical effects: the invention can simulate N2And CO2The two gases are respectively or simultaneously injected into the unconventional natural gas reservoir according to different proportions and flows, so that the simulation utilization of N is realized2Or CO2A single gas, or N2And CO2The function of the process of mixed gas displacement of natural gas,CO2the measuring precision is higher, and this simulation experiment system atmospheric pressure is stable, does not influence the gaseous precision of infrared ray gas analysis appearance measurement, and the experimental result error is little, and the experiment is effectual not to take place the phase transition.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a gas displacement natural gas replacement simulation experiment system provided in example 1. Wherein 1 a first gas cylinder, 2 a first filter, 3 a first valve, 4 a first pressure gauge, 5 a first air compressor, 6 a first pump, 7 a second valve, 8 a first check valve, 9 a first reservoir, 10 a second pressure gauge, 11 a first thermometer, 12 a second check valve, 13 a third valve, 14 a first flow meter, 15 a fourth valve, 16 a second gas cylinder, 17 a second filter, 18 a fifth valve, 19 a third pressure gauge, 20 a second air compressor, 21 a second pump, 22 a sixth valve, 23 a third check valve, 24 a second reservoir, 25 a fourth pressure gauge, 26 a second thermometer, 27 a fourth check valve, 28 a seventh valve, 29 a second flow meter, 30 an eighth valve, 31 a third gas cylinder, 32 a third filter, 33 a ninth valve, 34 a fifth pressure gauge, 35 a third air compressor, 36 a third pump, 37 a tenth valve, 38 a fifth check valve, 39 a first temperature control tank, 40 a third reservoir, 41 a sixth pressure gauge, 42 a third thermometer, 43 a sixth one-way valve, 44 an eleventh valve, 45 a twelfth valve, 46 a constant speed and constant pressure pump, 47 a seventh pressure gauge, 48 a safety valve, 49 a thirteenth valve, 50 an eighth pressure gauge, 51 a fourteenth valve, 52 a vacuum pump, 53 a fifteenth valve, 54 a second temperature control box, 55 a core holder, 56 a hand pump, 57 a sixteenth valve, 58 a buffer tank, 59 a seventeenth valve, 60 a ninth pressure gauge, 61 a fourth filter, 62 a tenth pressure gauge, 63 an eighteenth valve, 64 a seventh one-way valve, 65 a back pressure valve, 66 a twentieth valve, 67 a high precision pressure reducing valve, 68 a drier, 69CH4Infrared gas analyzer, 70CO2Infrared gas analyzer, 71 third flow meter, 72 air bag.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a gas displacement replacement natural gas simulation experiment system, which comprises
A core holder 55 disposed in the second temperature control box 54;
a gas injection device; the inlet end of the core holder 55 is connected with an eighth pressure gauge 50; delivering gas into the core holder 55;
a gas metering device; the device is connected to the outlet end of the rock core holder 55, and the mixed gas at the tail end of the statistical simulation experiment system is metered;
an axial pressure and back pressure control device; respectively connecting the core holder 55 and the gas metering device to increase axial pressure or back pressure;
a vacuum pumping device; the vacuum extractor is connected with the core holder 55 to vacuumize the simulation experiment system.
According to the simulation experiment system of this embodiment, wherein core holder 55 is high pressure resistant piston container, and inside contains a plurality of temperature probe for the inside temperature of monitoring holder for the experiment more laminates actual conditions.
By way of example and not limitation, the evacuation device in this embodiment includes a fourteenth valve 51 and a vacuum pump 52, which are in turn connected to the inlet of the core holder 55. The vacuumizing device is used for vacuumizing the system and exhausting the influence of air in the experiment system on the experiment precision and the experiment effect.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the gas injection means comprise a first branch for injecting the hydrocarbon gas, a second branch for injecting the nitrogen gas and a CO injection2The third branch of (2); a first branch, a second branch andthe end of the third branch is connected with an eighth pressure gauge 50.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are provided with a gas cylinder, a filter, a gas pump and a storage tank which are sequentially connected upstream and downstream; wherein the first branch and the second branch are provided with flowmeters which are connected with the downstream of the storage tank; a constant-speed and constant-pressure pump 46 is arranged on the third branch and connected to the downstream of the storage tank; the tanks on the third branch are placed in a first temperature-controlled tank 39.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a valve and a pressure gauge are provided between the filter and the air pump in the order of up-and-down stream; a valve and a one-way valve are arranged between the air pump and the storage tank in sequence from up to down stream; one-way valves are arranged between the storage tank and the flowmeter on the first branch and the second branch; a valve is arranged between the flowmeter and the eighth pressure gauge 50; a check valve and a valve are sequentially arranged between the third branch storage tank and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 46 from top to bottom; a safety valve 48 and a valve are arranged between the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 46 and the eighth pressure gauge 50 in sequence from top to bottom.
According to one embodiment of the invention, one side of the air pump is connected with an air compressor; the top of the storage tank is provided with a pressure gauge and a thermometer, and the bottom of the storage tank is provided with an emptying valve; the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 46 is connected to a pressure gauge.
By way of example and not limitation, the first branch in this embodiment includes a hydrocarbon gas such as CH4The outlet end of the first gas bottle 1 is sequentially connected with a first filter 2, a first valve 3, a first pressure gauge 4, a first pump 6, a second valve 7, a first one-way valve 8, a first storage tank 9, a second one-way valve 12, a first flowmeter 14 and a fourth valve 15; wherein, the side of first pump 6 is connected with first air compressor machine 5, and first storage tank 9 top is connected with second manometer 10, first thermometer 11, and the bottom is connected with third valve 13 (third valve 13 is the atmospheric valve in this embodiment).
A second gas bottle 16 with a second branch filled with nitrogen, wherein the outlet end of the second gas bottle 16 is sequentially connected with a second filter 17, a fifth valve 18, a third pressure gauge 19, a second pump 21, a sixth valve 22, a third one-way valve 23, a second storage tank 24, a fourth one-way valve 27, a second flowmeter 29 and an eighth valve 30; wherein, the side of the second pump 21 is connected with the second air compressor 20, the top of the second storage tank 24 is connected with a fourth pressure gauge 25 and a second temperature gauge 26, and the bottom is connected with a seventh valve 28 (the seventh valve 28 is an emptying valve in this embodiment).
The third branch may specifically comprise a CO charge2The outlet end of the third gas cylinder 31 is sequentially connected with a third filter 32, a ninth valve 33, a fifth pressure gauge 34, a third pump 36, a tenth valve 37, a fifth one-way valve 38, a third storage tank 40, a sixth one-way valve 43, a twelfth valve 45, a constant-speed constant-pressure pump 46, a seventh pressure gauge 47, a safety valve 48 and a thirteenth valve 49; the side of the third pump 36 is connected to the third air compressor 35, the third storage tank 40 is placed in the first temperature control box 39, the top of the storage tank is connected to a sixth pressure gauge 41 and a third temperature gauge 42, the bottom of the storage tank is connected to an eleventh valve 44 (the eleventh valve 44 is an emptying valve in this embodiment), and the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are converged and then sequentially connected to inlets of an eighth pressure gauge 50 and a core holder 55.
The third tank 40 in this embodiment is a sufficiently large tank to prevent CO from being pumped by the constant speed and constant pressure pump 462When the pressure and the drainage are output, the storage tank stores CO2Density, state, etc., to retain CO2Constant physical state parameter of gas to prevent CO2Fluctuation of density gives CO in experiment2Metering and results introduce errors.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the gas metering device comprises a fourth filter 61, a seventh one-way valve 64, a back pressure valve 65, a high-precision pressure reducing valve 67, a dryer 68 and a CH which are connected in sequence from upstream to downstream4 Infrared gas analyzer 69, CO2An infrared gas analyzer 70 and an air bag 72; a pressure gauge and a valve are sequentially arranged between the fourth filter 61 and the seventh check valve 64 in the upstream and downstream direction; CO 22A flow meter is arranged between the infrared gas analyzer 70 and the air bag 72; the shaft pressure and back pressure control means is connected to a back pressure valve 65.
By way of example and not limitation, the gas metering device comprises a fourth filter 61, a tenth pressure gauge 62, an eighteenth valve 63, a seventh one-way valve 64, a back pressure valve 65, a high-precision pressure reducing valve 67, a dryer 68, a CH4 Infrared gas analyzer 69, CO2The infrared gas analyzer 70, the third flow meter 71, and the air bag 72 are connected in this order.
According to the simulation experiment system of this embodiment, the back-pressure valve 65 has a heating function to prevent liquid CO from flowing out of the core gripper2The pressure changes to generate the phenomenon of ice blockage, so that the pipeline is blocked and the instrument is damaged. The high-precision pressure reducing valve 67 reduces the pressure of the high-pressure gas coming out of the back pressure valve 65 to a normal pressure state, and prevents the gas pressure change in the pipeline from influencing CH4Gas infrared gas analyzer, CO2The metering precision of the gas infrared gas analyzer; the dryer 68 is used for drying a trace amount of moisture possibly contained in the gas discharged through the core holder 55 and the high-precision pressure reducing valve 67 to prevent the moisture from being applied to CH4 Infrared gas analyzer 69, CO2The measurement accuracy of the gas infrared gas analyzer causes interference. CH (CH)4Infrared gas analyzer, CO2The infrared gas analyzer 70 is respectively used for real-time on-line measurement of CH in the mixed gas discharged from the dryer 68 in the experimental system4、CO2Volume percent of gas. The flowmeter arranged on the gas metering device is a mass flowmeter and is used for metering the flow of the mixed gas at the tail end.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the shaft pressure and back pressure control means includes a hand pump 56 and a surge tank 58; a valve is arranged between the hand pump 56 and the buffer tank 58; the buffer tank 58 is connected to the back-pressure valve 65 and the core holder 55 through valves, respectively.
For example and without limitation, the axial pressure and back pressure control device is formed by sequentially connecting a hand pump 56, a sixteenth valve 57 and a buffer tank 58 and then dividing the two branch circuits into two branch circuits, wherein the buffer tank 58 is connected with the fifteenth valve 53 by the first branch circuit and then connected with the core holder 55; the second branch connects the surge tank 58 to a twentieth valve 66 and a back-pressure valve 65 in that order. The top of the buffer tank 58 is connected with a ninth pressure gauge 60, and the side of the buffer tank is connected with a seventeenth valve 59.
According to the simulation experiment system of the embodiment, the hand pump 56 pumps water into the buffer tank 58, and one way of water can be adjusted by a valve to apply axial pressure on the core holder 55, so that the rock sample in the core holder 55 is more compact, and the porosity of the rock sample can be adjusted according to the experiment scheme; the other path can also apply a certain pressure to the back pressure valve 65 through another valve, so as to adjust the outlet back pressure required by the experiment.
According to the embodiment, the method for carrying out the gas displacement replacement natural gas simulation experiment by using the simulation experiment system comprises the following steps:
(1)CH4isothermal adsorption and desorption experiments:
a, checking air tightness: after the system is connected and the equipment is cleaned, the components of the system are checked, the inlet and outlet valves are closed, and the air tightness of the device is checked, as shown in figure 1.
b, sample loading and vacuumizing: and (3) filling the rock sample into a rock core holder 55, opening a vacuum pump 52 and a fourteenth valve 51 to exhaust air in the system, so that the interference of the exhausted air on the experimental effect is avoided, and the experiment is ready. And closing the valve after vacuumizing. The rock sample can be granule, powder or column core, and the core size can be designed flexibly.
c, axial pressure addition: after the fifteenth valve 53 and the sixteenth valve 57 are opened, water is injected into the core holder 55 by the hand pump 56, and the sample in the core holder 55 is compacted. After the axial pressure required for the experiment is increased, the fifteenth valve 53 is closed, as required by the experimental protocol.
d, adding back pressure: according to the experiment requirement, opening the twentieth valve 66, increasing the pressure of the back-pressure valve 65 to the pressure required by the experiment, wherein the back-pressure valve has a heating function, and adjusting the heating temperature of the back-pressure valve 65 to the temperature required by the experiment; in which there is CO2The gas is heated as it flows through.
e adsorption of CH4: the first valve 3 and the second valve 7 are opened and pressurized by the first pump 6 into the first tank 9, and after the pressurization to an appropriate pressure, the first valve 3 and the second valve 7 are closed. Opening the fourth valve 15, setting the appropriate displacement CH4Injected into the core holder 55 so that the core is saturated CH4. Opening the eighteenth valve 63 when CH4After the gas pressure reaches the pressure of the back-pressure valve 65, the gas passes through CH4An infrared gas analyzer 69 for measuring the flow rate of the first flow meter 14 and the third flow meter 71, and CH4Infrared gas separationWhen the reading of the analyzer 69 is 100%, it indicates that the core adsorbs CH4The saturation state is reached and the fourth valve 15 is closed.
f desorbing CH4: after the fourth valve 15 is closed and the back pressure is set, the 18 th valve is opened, and when the third flow meter 71 measures a flow rate of 0, CH is set under the back pressure condition4The desorption is complete.
g changing conditions to continue the comparative experiment: according to the experiment purpose, aiming at different rock samples, the conditions such as experiment temperature, axial pressure, back pressure, gas injection discharge capacity, gas injection total amount and the like are changed, and comparison experiments under other experiment conditions are carried out in the same way.
h study of rock sample vs. CO2And N2The adsorption experiment and the analysis experiment in the above method are the same as the above method.
(2)N2And/or CO2Gas displacement of CH4。
According to one embodiment of the invention, N2Displacing CH4The steps include opening the fifth valve 18, the sixth valve 22 and the N in the second gas cylinder 162The mixture is injected into the second storage tank 24, and after pressurization to an appropriate pressure, the fifth valve 18 and the sixth valve 22 are closed. Opening the eighth valve 30 to allow N to flow2Injecting the mixture into a rock core holder 55 to displace and replace the saturated CH4. When the gas reaches the set pressure of the back pressure valve 65, the gas is output, and when the flow rates measured by the second flow meter 29 and the third flow meter 71 are equal, CH is reached4When the reading of the infrared gas analyzer 69 reaches 0%, the completion of the displacement experiment is indicated.
And (3) experimental metering: core saturated CH was measured by inlet first flow meter 14 and third flow meter 714The amount of (c). Through a second flow meter 29, CH4The infrared gas analyzer 69 and the third flow meter 71 are used for metering, so that the calculation of N is realized2To CH4The displacement effect of (1).
The conditions were changed to continue the comparative experiment: according to the experiment purpose, aiming at different rock samples, the conditions such as experiment temperature, axial pressure, back pressure, gas injection displacement and the like are changed, and contrast experiments under other experiment conditions are developed in the same way.
According to an embodiment of the inventionExample, CO2Displacing CH4The steps include opening ninth valve 33, tenth valve 37 to supply CO2The gas is pressurized to the third tank 40, and after the gas is pressurized to an appropriate pressure, the ninth valve 33 and the tenth valve 37 are closed. Opening the twelfth valve 45 and the thirteenth valve 49 to supply CO via the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 462And injected into the core holder 55. When the gas pressure reaches the pressure of the back pressure valve 65, the gas is output, and when the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 46 and the third flow meter 71 measure equal flow, CH4When the reading of the infrared gas analyzer 69 reaches 0%, the completion of the displacement experiment is indicated.
And (3) experimental metering: core saturated CH was measured by inlet first flow meter 14 and third flow meter 714The amount of (c). By constant speed constant pressure pumps 46, CH4The infrared gas analyzer 69 and the third flow meter 71 are used for metering, thereby realizing CO2Displacing CH4Time calculation CH4The displacement effect of (1).
The conditions were changed to continue the comparative experiment: according to the experiment purpose, aiming at different rock samples, the conditions such as experiment temperature, axial pressure, back pressure, gas injection displacement and the like are changed, and contrast experiments under other experiment conditions are developed in the same way.
According to one embodiment of the invention, N2And CO2Displacing CH4The method comprises the following steps: opening the fifth valve 18, the sixth valve 22 will turn on N in the second cylinder 162The mixture is injected into the second storage tank 24, and after pressurization to an appropriate pressure, the fifth valve 18 and the sixth valve 22 are closed. Opening the ninth 33 and tenth 37 valves to release CO2The gas is pressurized to the third tank 40, and after the gas is pressurized to an appropriate pressure, the ninth valve 33 and the tenth valve 37 are closed. Opening the eighth valve 30 will turn N2Injected into the core holder 55; the twelfth valve 45 and the thirteenth valve 49 are opened, and CO is pumped by the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 462And injected into the core holder 55. N is a radical of2、CO2The injection flow rate ratio of the two gases is measured by monitoring the injection flow rate of the second flow meter 29 and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 46, N2、CO2The gas proportion is flexibly adjusted according to the experimental purpose.
And (3) experimental metering: through the inlet of the first flowmeter 14 and the third flowmeter 71Core-measuring adsorption saturated CH4The amount of (c). Through the first flow meter 14, the second flow meter 29, CH4 Infrared gas analyzer 69, CO2An infrared gas analyzer 70, a third flow meter 71 and a constant-speed constant-pressure pump 46, thereby realizing N2And CO2Displacement of CH after mixing4Time calculation CH4The displacement effect of (1). When N is present2And CO2Displacing CH after gas mixing4When it is CH4When the reading of the infrared gas analyzer 69 reaches 0%, and the total amount of gas injected into the core holder 55 is equal to the total amount of gas discharged through the third flowmeter 71, it indicates that the displacement experiment under the experiment condition is completed.
The conditions were changed to continue the comparative experiment: according to the experiment purpose, aiming at different rock samples, the conditions such as experiment temperature, axial pressure, back pressure, gas mixing proportion, injection displacement and the like are changed, and contrast experiments under other experiment conditions are carried out in the same way.
This embodiment is an experimental system for carrying out displacement replacement after mixing gas, according to different volume flow with N2And CO2The gases are mixed according to different proportions, so that the experiment of mixed gas displacement replacement under the condition of any proportion is realized.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gas displacement natural gas replacement simulation experiment system is characterized by comprising:
the core holder is placed in the second temperature control box;
a gas injection device; the inlet end of the core holder is connected with the inlet end of the core holder through an eighth pressure gauge; delivering gas into the core holder;
a gas metering device; the core holder is connected to the outlet end of the core holder and used for metering mixed gas at the tail end of the simulation experiment system;
an axial pressure and back pressure control device; respectively connecting the core holder and the gas metering device, and adjusting axial pressure or back pressure;
a vacuum pumping device; and the vacuumizing device is connected with the rock core holder and is used for vacuumizing the simulation experiment system.
2. The simulation experiment system of claim 1, wherein the gas injection device comprises a first branch for injecting hydrocarbon gas, a second branch for injecting nitrogen gas, and a first branch for injecting CO2The third branch of (2); and the tail ends of the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are all connected with the eighth pressure gauge.
3. The simulation experiment system according to claim 2, wherein the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are provided with a gas cylinder, a filter, a gas pump, a plurality of valves and a storage tank which are sequentially connected upstream and downstream; wherein a flow meter is arranged on the first branch and the second branch and is connected with the downstream of the storage tank; wherein a constant-speed constant-pressure pump is arranged on the third branch and is connected with the downstream of the storage tank; and the storage tank on the third branch is placed in a first temperature control box.
4. The simulation experiment system of claim 3, wherein a valve and a pressure gauge are sequentially disposed between the filter and the air pump upstream and downstream; the valve and the one-way valve are arranged between the air pump and the storage tank in sequence from top to bottom; the check valve is arranged between the storage tank and the flowmeter on the first branch and the second branch, and the valve is arranged between the flowmeter and the eighth pressure gauge; the check valve and the valve are sequentially arranged between the storage tank and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump in the third branch upstream and downstream; and a safety valve and the valve are sequentially arranged between the constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the eighth pressure gauge at the upstream and downstream.
5. The simulation experiment system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein one side of the air pump is connected with an air compressor; the top of the storage tank is provided with the pressure gauge and the thermometer, and the bottom of the storage tank is provided with an emptying valve; the constant-speed constant-pressure pump is connected with the pressure gauge.
6. The simulation experiment system of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gas metering device comprises a fourth filter, a seventh one-way valve, a back pressure valve, a high-precision pressure reducing valve, a dryer and a CH which are sequentially connected upstream and downstream4Infrared gas analyzer, CO2An infrared gas analyzer and an airbag; the pressure gauge and the valve are sequentially arranged between the fourth filter and the seventh one-way valve at the upstream and downstream; the CO is2A flowmeter is arranged between the infrared gas analyzer and the air bag; and the shaft pressure and back pressure control device is connected with the back pressure valve.
7. The simulation experiment system of claim 6, wherein the shaft pressure and back pressure control means comprises a hand pump and a buffer tank; the valve is arranged between the hand pump and the buffer tank; the buffer tank is connected with the back pressure valve and the rock core holder through the valve respectively.
8. A method for simulating natural gas displacement simulation experiment is characterized in that the simulation experiment system is used for simulating natural gas displacement simulation experiment, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1)CH4isothermal adsorption and desorption experiments:
a, placing a rock sample into a rock core holder, and vacuumizing the simulation experiment system by using a vacuumizing device;
b, injecting water into the core holder by using a hand-operated pump to increase the axial pressure required by the experiment;
c, adjusting the pressure and the temperature of the back pressure valve to the requirements of the experiment; meanwhile, adjusting the second temperature control box to the temperature required by the experiment, so that the temperature of the rock sample in the rock core holder is stabilized to the experimental target temperature;
d will be CH on the first branch4Injecting into the core holder to make CH4Stopping CH after core saturation in the core holder4Injecting;
e adjusting the back pressure or adjusting the experiment temperature of the second temperature control box, and finishing CH under the back pressure and the temperature4Desorbing;
(2)N2and/or CO2Gas displacement of CH4。
9. The method of claim 8, wherein N is2Or CO2Displacing CH4Comprises the following steps of adding N2Or CO2Injecting the mixture into a storage tank, pressurizing the mixture, injecting the pressurized mixture into the core holder, and displacing saturated CH in the rock sample4(ii) a Gas is output after the pore pressure in the rock core holder reaches the pressure controlled by the back pressure valve; when the flow rate on the second branch or the third branch is equal to the flow rate measured by the flow meter on the gas measuring device, and CH4When the reading of the infrared gas analyzer reaches 0%, the displacement experiment is completed, and N is calculated and analyzed2Or CO2Displacing CH4The effect of (1).
10. The method of claim 8, wherein N is2And CO2Displacing CH4The method comprises the following steps: will N2And CO2Respectively filled into corresponding storage tanks, N2、CO2After pressurization, injecting the core holders simultaneously or respectively; wherein N is2And CO2The proportion of the constant-speed constant-pressure pump is respectively regulated by a flowmeter on the second branch and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump.
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