CN219218905U - Flood discharging tunnel with hole plug - Google Patents
Flood discharging tunnel with hole plug Download PDFInfo
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- CN219218905U CN219218905U CN202320365310.8U CN202320365310U CN219218905U CN 219218905 U CN219218905 U CN 219218905U CN 202320365310 U CN202320365310 U CN 202320365310U CN 219218905 U CN219218905 U CN 219218905U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hole plug flood discharge tunnel, and relates to the field of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering. The utility model comprises a hole body, wherein the hole body comprises an inlet control section, an upper flat section, a vertical shaft section and a lower flat section which are sequentially arranged along the upstream-to-downstream direction, the downstream end of the lower flat section is provided with an outlet pressure slope, hole plugs are arranged in the vertical shaft section and the lower flat section, and the middle part of each hole plug is provided with an overflow hole; the top of the hole plug of the lower flat section is provided with a hole plug exhaust hole, the starting end of the outlet pressure slope of the lower flat section is provided with a main exhaust channel communicated to the outside of the hole, the bottom plate of the lower flat section is gradually reduced from the upstream to the downstream, the top arch of the lower flat section is horizontally arranged or designed to be gradually lifted from the upstream to the downstream, and the hole plug exhaust hole is arranged along the length direction of the top arch and penetrates through the hole plug. The utility model can avoid the blocking of the exhaust hole and the main exhaust channel caused by the fact that the downstream end of the tunnel is filled with water flow during initial operation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to a hole plug flood discharging tunnel.
Background
The hole plug flood discharging tunnel is characterized in that a hole plug energy dissipater is arranged in the tunnel, the diameter of a section of the hole plug is reduced, and the water flow is utilized to flow through the hole plug to generate sudden shrinkage and sudden expansion to cause severe turbulence of water flow so as to dissipate water flow energy, thereby reducing the flow velocity of water flow at the downstream of an outlet and relieving the flushing of a downstream river bed. The diversion tunnel in the engineering has low elevation, and can often meet the condition of being reconstructed into a tunnel plug flood discharge tunnel. In addition, the tunnel plug flood discharging tunnel has the advantages of simple structure, convenient reconstruction and construction, and can save engineering investment compared with other reconstruction types, so that the tunnel plug flood discharging tunnel is mostly reconstructed by diversion tunnel.
The tunnel body of the tunnel plug flood discharge tunnel generally comprises an inlet control section, an upper flat section, a vertical shaft section and a lower flat section, wherein the vertical shaft section and the lower flat section are internally provided with a tunnel plug, and the middle part of the tunnel plug is provided with an overflow hole. To reduce the size of the working gate, the working gate is generally disposed at the entrance of the cavity. In order to ensure that enough positive pressure exists in the hole plug so as to prevent water flow cavitation and cavitation damage of a tunnel structure, a pressure slope structure is usually arranged at the tail end of an energy dissipation section of the hole plug. In order to ensure that the hole plug flood discharge hole has enough energy dissipation rate, a plurality of stages of hole plugs are required to be arranged, and the size of the hole plugs is reduced as much as possible so as to increase the local head loss of the hole plug energy dissipater.
Because the working gate is arranged at the inlet, the problem of no water in the shaft section at the beginning of the opening of the gate is brought, and the model test shows that the shaft section can be filled up faster at the beginning of the opening of the gate, and less air is carried to the hole plug section, so that a large air bag is not considered to be formed, and the hole plug flood discharge tunnel is not provided with an exhaust facility. However, for the flood discharging hole with the lower flat section longer and the outlet provided with the pressure slope, when the downstream water level is lower and the water flow is not full of the lower flat section of the tunnel, the opening of the gate is brought about, the pressure air bag is formed by the air at the upper part of the lower flat section under the pressure effect before the water flow is sealed up at the orifice of the pressure slope section of the outlet, and the pressure air bag moves to the orifice of the pressure slope section to generate the air explosion phenomenon under the carrying effect of the water flow. In order to avoid the occurrence of the gas explosion phenomenon, it is generally necessary to provide an exhaust passage at the lower flat section. For a conventional arrangement of the exhaust passages, reference is made to the patent of the earlier application of the inventors of the present application: the patent document with the publication of CN209429070U discloses that the exhaust channel comprises a hole plug exhaust hole arranged at the top of the hole plug of the lower flat section and a hole plug exhaust hole arranged on the outlet pressing slope, wherein the hole plug exhaust hole is arranged along the length direction of the hole plug and penetrates through the hole plug, and the hole plug exhaust hole is arranged along the length direction of the outlet pressing slope and penetrates through the outlet pressing slope.
However, as shown above, the tunnel plug flood discharge tunnel is generally used for rebuilding the diversion tunnel into a permanent flood discharge tunnel, and the lower flat section (i.e. diversion tunnel) is generally designed into a constant-section hydraulic tunnel with a certain gradient of bottom plate, so that the top arch of the lower flat section tunnel is gradually lowered towards the downstream. This will cause the downstream end of the tunnel to be filled with water flow during initial operation to block the vent hole.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that: provides a hole plug flood discharging tunnel which is more beneficial to discharging air in the tunnel during flood discharging.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the problems is as follows: the tunnel plug flood discharging tunnel comprises a tunnel body, wherein the tunnel body comprises an inlet control section, an upper flat section, a vertical shaft section and a lower flat section which are sequentially arranged along the upstream-to-downstream direction, the downstream end of the lower flat section is provided with an outlet pressure slope, the vertical shaft section and the lower flat section are internally provided with a tunnel plug, and the middle part of the tunnel plug is provided with an overflow hole; the top of the hole plug of the lower flat section is provided with a hole plug exhaust hole, the starting end of the outlet pressure slope of the lower flat section is provided with a main exhaust channel communicated to the outside of the hole, the bottom plate of the lower flat section is gradually reduced from the upstream to the downstream, the top arch of the lower flat section is horizontally arranged or designed to be gradually lifted from the upstream to the downstream, and the hole plug exhaust hole is arranged along the length direction of the top arch and penetrates through the hole plug.
Further is: the main exhaust passage is vertically arranged.
Further is: the main exhaust channel is L-shaped and comprises an exhaust channel vertical section directly connected with the top arch of the lower flat section and an exhaust channel horizontal section directly connected with the outside of the hole.
Further is: the downstream of the lower flat section is provided with an outer energy dissipation facility connected with the lower flat section.
Further is: the cross section of the hole body is round.
Further is: the energy dissipation facilities outside the hole are a stilling pool.
Further is: the energy dissipation facility outside the tunnel is a flip bucket.
Further is: the bottom of the shaft section is provided with a stilling well.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the lower flat section tunnel roof arch of the tunnel plug flood discharge tunnel is horizontally arranged or designed to be gradually lifted towards the downstream, and the tunnel plug exhaust holes are arranged along the length direction of the roof arch and penetrate through the tunnel plug, so that the problem that the exhaust holes and the main exhaust channels are blocked due to the fact that the downstream end of the tunnel is filled with water flow during initial operation can be avoided. The lower part of the vertical shaft section is additionally provided with a stilling well which is mainly used for keeping a water cushion layer, preventing the bottom plate from being eroded by initial falling water, and simultaneously avoiding the negative pressure of the bottom plate of the tunnel at the lower part of the vertical shaft section to form a cavitation source. The absorption well has the energy dissipation function, and can replace the vertical hole plugs or the horizontal hole plugs to a certain extent, so that the number of the vertical hole plugs or the horizontal hole plugs is reduced, and the reconstruction difficulty is further reduced.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hole plug flood discharge hole;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the hole plug;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a main exhaust passage arrangement of another embodiment.
Marked in the figure as: the hydraulic pump comprises a hole body 1, an inlet control section 11, an upper flat section 12, a vertical shaft section 13, a lower flat section 14, a hole plug 2, an overflow hole 21, a hole plug exhaust hole 22, an outlet pressure slope 3, a relief pool 4, a tail sill 5, a gate 6, an exhaust channel 7 and a relief well 8.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the utility model comprises a hole body 1, wherein the hole body 1 comprises an inlet control section 11, an upper flat section 12, a vertical shaft section 13 and a lower flat section 14 which are sequentially arranged along the upstream-to-downstream direction, the downstream end of the lower flat section 14 is provided with an outlet pressure slope 3, hole plugs 2 are arranged in the vertical shaft section 13 and the lower flat section 14, and the middle part of each hole plug 2 is provided with an overflow hole 21; the top of the hole plug 2 of the lower flat section 14 is provided with a hole plug exhaust hole 22, the starting end of the outlet pressure slope 3 of the lower flat section 14 is provided with a main exhaust channel 7 communicated to the outside of the hole, the bottom plate of the lower flat section 14 is gradually lowered from the upstream to the downstream, the top arch of the lower flat section 14 is horizontally arranged or designed to be gradually raised from the upstream to the downstream, and the hole plug exhaust hole 22 is arranged along the length direction of the top arch and penetrates through the hole plug 2. After optimizing the top arch shape of the lower flat section 14, the blocking of the plug exhaust hole 22 and the main exhaust channel 7 caused by the fact that the downstream end of the tunnel is filled with water flow during initial operation can be avoided.
In the implementation, the 'tunnel plug flood discharge tunnel lower flat section tunnel top arch' is a part of the original diversion tunnel. When the diversion tunnel is built, the shape design of the lower flat section needs to be considered, and the shape of the top arch gradually lifted is preferably made, but the gradient can be very small.
Preferably, the main exhaust passage 7 is arranged vertically. In addition, the main exhaust channel 7 may also be arranged in an L-shape, including an exhaust channel vertical section directly connected to the top arch of the lower flat section 14 and an exhaust channel horizontal section directly connected to the outside of the hole. Compared with the prior art, the main exhaust channel is arranged along the length direction of the outlet pressure slope and penetrates through the outlet pressure slope, so that the exhaust condition of the downstream end can be further improved.
An out-of-hole energy dissipation facility is provided downstream of the lower flat section 14 in engagement with the lower flat section 14. The energy dissipation facilities outside the hole are arranged to dissipate the kinetic energy of the high-speed water flow at the outlet of the hole body 1, so that the flow velocity of the water flow at the outlet of the hole body 1 can be greatly reduced, and the scouring of the outlet of the hole body 1, downstream river channels and bank slopes can be reduced. The energy dissipation facilities outside the tunnel and the tunnel plug 2 form a combined energy dissipater, so that the water flow energy is jointly dissipated, the energy dissipation rate of the energy dissipater in the tunnel can be properly reduced on the premise of ensuring the overall energy dissipation rate, the cavitation resistance of the water flow in the tunnel is improved, and the limiting conditions of the use of the tunnel plug flood discharging tunnel can be weakened.
The energy dissipation facility outside the hole can be a stilling pool 4 or a flip bucket. When the stilling pool 4 is adopted, the tail sill 5 of the stilling pool 4 can be utilized for retaining water, and the stilling pool can conveniently enter a hole for inspection when the water level is low at the downstream.
In order to improve the capacity of the flood discharge tunnel lining structure for bearing the internal pressure and the external pressure of a high water head, the cross section of the tunnel body 1 is circular.
Preferably, the bottom of the shaft section 13 is provided with a stilling well 8 for holding a water cushion layer, preventing the initial water from falling into the water and eroding the bottom plate, and simultaneously avoiding the negative pressure of the tunnel bottom plate at the lower part of the shaft section 13 to form a cavitation source. The absorption well 8 has the energy dissipation function and can replace a vertical hole plug or a horizontal hole plug to a certain extent, so that the number of the vertical hole plugs or the horizontal hole plugs is reduced, and the reconstruction construction difficulty is further reduced.
Claims (8)
1. The hole plug flood discharging tunnel comprises a tunnel body (1), wherein the tunnel body (1) comprises an inlet control section (11), an upper flat section (12), a vertical shaft section (13) and a lower flat section (14) which are sequentially arranged along the upstream-to-downstream direction, an outlet pressure slope (3) is arranged at the downstream end of the lower flat section (14), hole plugs (2) are arranged in the vertical shaft section (13) and the lower flat section (14), and an overflow hole (21) is formed in the middle of the hole plugs (2); the top of the hole plug (2) of the lower flat section (14) is provided with a hole plug exhaust hole (22), the starting end of the outlet pressure slope (3) of the lower flat section (14) is provided with a main exhaust channel (7) communicated to the outside of the hole, and the bottom plate of the lower flat section (14) is of a body shape gradually reduced from the upstream to the downstream, and is characterized in that: the top arch of the lower flat section (14) is horizontally arranged or designed to be gradually raised from the upstream to the downstream, and the hole plug exhaust hole (22) is arranged along the length direction of the top arch and penetrates through the hole plug (2).
2. A hole plug flood discharge hole according to claim 1, wherein: the main exhaust passage (7) is vertically arranged.
3. A hole plug flood discharge hole according to claim 1, wherein: the main exhaust channel (7) is L-shaped and comprises an exhaust channel vertical section directly connected with the top arch of the lower flat section (14) and an exhaust channel horizontal section directly connected with the outside of the hole.
4. A hole plug flood discharge hole according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: an out-of-hole energy dissipation facility connected with the lower flat section (14) is arranged at the downstream of the lower flat section (14).
5. The hole plug flood discharge hole of claim 4, wherein: the cross section of the hole body (1) is round.
6. The hole plug flood discharge hole of claim 4, wherein: the energy dissipation facilities outside the hole are a stilling pool (4).
7. The hole plug flood discharge hole of claim 4, wherein: the energy dissipation facility outside the tunnel is a flip bucket.
8. A hole plug flood discharge hole according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the bottom of the shaft section (13) is provided with a stilling well (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320365310.8U CN219218905U (en) | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-02 | Flood discharging tunnel with hole plug |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320365310.8U CN219218905U (en) | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-02 | Flood discharging tunnel with hole plug |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219218905U true CN219218905U (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320365310.8U Active CN219218905U (en) | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-02 | Flood discharging tunnel with hole plug |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219218905U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-03-02 CN CN202320365310.8U patent/CN219218905U/en active Active
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