CN219188888U - Driving mechanism on sharp angle grinding and dulling equipment for tooth ends - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a driving mechanism on a tooth end acute angle grinding device, and belongs to the technical field of differential production devices. The grinding device comprises a base and a grinding cutter wheel, wherein the grinding cutter wheel is controlled to rotate through a driving motor, the grinding cutter wheel is connected to a mounting plate in a sliding manner along the axis direction of the grinding cutter wheel, and a feeding mechanism capable of driving the grinding cutter wheel to move along the axis direction is arranged on the mounting plate; the feeding mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve and a cylinder, wherein the shaft sleeve is connected to the grinding cutter wheel through a spline, the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor, the shaft sleeve is rotationally connected to the mounting plate through a bearing, a push rod of the cylinder is rotationally connected with the grinding cutter wheel through a bearing, and a cylinder body of the cylinder is fixed to the mounting plate. The utility model controls the sharpening wheel to rotate and translate along the axial direction.

Description

Driving mechanism on sharp angle grinding and dulling equipment for tooth ends

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of differential production equipment, and relates to a driving mechanism on sharp-angle grinding equipment for tooth ends.

Background

The Torson type central differential consists of a differential shell, worm wheel shafts (6), a front shaft worm, a rear shaft worm, straight-tooth cylindrical gears (12), worm gears (6) and the like, wherein a worm wheel and two straight-tooth cylindrical gears with the same size are arranged in the middle of each worm wheel shaft. The worm wheel and the straight-tooth cylindrical gear are arranged on the differential shell through a worm wheel shaft. Three worm gears are meshed with the worm of the front shaft, and the other three worm gears are meshed with the worm of the rear shaft. The worm wheel meshed with the front and rear axle worm is meshed with each other through a straight-tooth cylindrical gear, the front axle worm is integrated with a front gear shaft of a differential mechanism for driving the front axle, and the rear axle worm is integrated with a rear gear shaft of the differential mechanism for driving the rear axle; the Tosen differential utilizes the irreversibility principle of worm gear transmission and the high friction condition of the tooth surface to ensure that the differential is automatically locked or unlocked according to the magnitude of the internal differential torque (namely the internal friction torque of the differential), namely the differential plays a role in differential action when the internal differential torque of the differential is smaller, and the differential is automatically locked when the internal differential torque of the differential is overlarge, so that the passing capacity of a carrier can be effectively improved.

Because the tooth end of the worm wheel is a cutting-in position or a separating position where the front shaft worm (or the rear shaft worm) is meshed with the worm wheel, the tooth end of the worm wheel is easy to bear uneven stress, especially the sharp angle of the tooth end of the worm wheel, the sharp angle is formed by the spiral gear at the tooth top end surface, when the worm tooth extends to the tooth top end surface, the two included angles of the two meshed side surfaces of the worm tooth and the tooth top end surface form an obtuse angle and an acute angle, the obtuse angle is formed, the material thickness is larger, the strength of the material is also larger, but the sharp angle is sharp and the material is thin, the explosion is easy to occur in the heat treatment process, the abrasion is easy to occur in the meshing transmission process after the assembly to the differential, the generation of the metal chip is easy to damage each meshed unit of the differential, the running high temperature is easy to cause local damage due to stress concentration, the running stability and the service life of the differential are also easy to be damaged due to the local damage of mass balance, therefore, the sharp angle treatment of the tooth end is very stable, the possibility of the whole differential is not easy to be reduced, the running stability and the service life of the differential is also prolonged, and the running stability of the whole life of the differential is easy to be damaged.

In the prior art, generally, cutting and polishing equipment is adopted, and telescopic clamping equipment is matched, so that a worm wheel is intermittently contacted with a cutter to polish the acute angle of the worm wheel, specifically, a clamping unit clamps the worm wheel, the acute angle of the end face of the worm wheel is close to the cutter, after polishing of the acute angle of the tooth is completed, the worm wheel is retracted and rotated, the other worm tooth is aligned with the cutter, and the mode is repeated.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model aims to solve the above problems in the prior art, and provides a driving mechanism on a tooth end sharpening device, which aims to solve the technical problem of how to translate a cutter along an axial direction while rotating.

The aim of the utility model can be achieved by the following technical scheme: the driving mechanism on the sharp angle grinding and dulling equipment for the tooth end is characterized by comprising a base and a grinding cutter wheel, wherein the grinding cutter wheel is controlled to rotate through a driving motor, the grinding cutter wheel is connected onto a mounting plate in a sliding manner along the axis direction of the grinding cutter wheel, and a feeding mechanism capable of driving the grinding cutter wheel to move along the axis direction is arranged on the mounting plate; the feeding mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve and a cylinder which are connected onto the grinding cutter wheel through a spline, the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor, the shaft sleeve is rotationally connected onto the mounting plate through a bearing, a push rod of the cylinder is rotationally connected with the grinding cutter wheel through a bearing, and a cylinder body of the cylinder is fixed onto the mounting plate.

When the grinding cutter wheel is positioned at the end part of the worm to be dull, the worm wheel workpiece can be maintained to be meshed with the grinding cutter wheel with the spiral grinding strip in an inclined angle state, at the moment, the worm to be dull can be driven to rotate by the rotation of the grinding cutter wheel, however, if the worm to be dull and the grinding cutter wheel are meshed in the inclined angle state, the sharp angle part of the grinding strip to be dull and worm wheel is only slightly meshed and worn, although the sharp angle part of each rack of the worm to be dull and worm wheel can be ground, the cutting amount of the slight wear is small, that is, the cutter cannot realize feeding relative to the grinding position in the grinding process, the worm to be dull and worm wheel is difficult to ensure that the abrasion amount of each tooth of the worm is equivalent simply by the pushing of the workpiece clamping mechanism, so that the sharp angle parts between different teeth of a single worm wheel are not dull and worm wheel is damaged very easily.

In order to solve the problems, the feeding mechanism is used for providing a translation motion for the grinding wheel, so that the grinding wheel can move along the axial direction of the grinding wheel in a small range except for rotation, and different positions of the grinding strip participate in grinding and cutting of the worm wheel to be dull, and the grinding wheel is relatively fast in rotating speed and relatively slow in translation, so that feeding of the grinding strip can be regarded as continuous, and the sharp angles of all tooth ends of the worm wheel can be regarded as being processed more than once at the same position of the grinding strip, and therefore, the cutting wear can be controlled while the efficiency is improved, the uniformity of cutting and machining can be ensured, and the probability of damage to the worm wheel to be dull in grinding is reduced.

Further, a mounting column is longitudinally arranged on the base, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the top of the mounting column, and a push rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the mounting plate.

Further, the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder is rotationally connected with the mounting plate, a locking screw is arranged on the mounting column, an arc-shaped guide groove which takes the rotation center of the mounting plate as the center of a circle is arranged on the mounting plate, the locking screw is inserted into the arc-shaped guide groove, and a locking nut which fixes the mounting plate on the mounting column is connected with the locking screw in a threaded manner.

Further, a sliding block is fixedly arranged on the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder, a sliding groove matched with the sliding block is formed in the mounting column, and the mounting plate is rotationally connected to the sliding block.

The grinding wheel can realize the adjustment of longitudinal position, and can swing around the transfer point between the push rod of pneumatic cylinder and the mounting panel, thereby adjust the position of grinding wheel, with the vertical worm wheel of waiting to grind that sets up of adaptation, according to waiting to grind the screw thread lead angle, length and the required cutting volume of worm wheel, adjust the position of grinding wheel, especially guarantee to grind the wheel and can not wait to grind the tooth face of dull worm wheel and lead to the fact wearing and tearing at rotatory in-process grinding strip, guarantee wait to grind the meshing between dull worm wheel and the strip of polishing.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of an acute angle dulling apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a torsen differential worm gear without dulling.

Fig. 4 a is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3; fig. 4 b is a schematic view of the state of fig. 4 a after the acute angle is blunted.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the fit state of the grinding wheel and the workpiece in the grinding process.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the sharpening cutter wheel on the mounting plate.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting post.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the workpiece clamping mechanism.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the feed mechanism.

FIG. 11 shows the grinding wheel and workpiece during the grinding process is different from the view of fig. 5).

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a multi-stage construction of a sharpening cutter wheel.

In the figure, 1, a base; 2. grinding the knife wheel; 21. polishing the strip; 211. an assembly section; 212. polishing the section; 213. a polishing section; 31. a driving motor; 32. a mounting plate; 33. a mounting column; 34. a hydraulic cylinder; 35. locking the screw rod; 36. an arc-shaped guide groove; 37. a lock nut; 38. a slide block; 39. a chute; 41. a bracket; 42. a lower tip cone; 43. an upper tip cone; 44. a locking lever; 45. a guide rail; 46. a locking bolt; 47. a shaft sleeve; 48. a cylinder; 51. a support column; 52. a gear box; 53. a limiting wheel; g. a worm wheel to be dull-grinded; 6. a large belt pulley.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present utility model and the technical solutions of the present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to these embodiments.

Firstly, explaining the acute angle of the tooth end of the worm wheel of the Torson differential mechanism, as shown in a diagram in fig. 3 and 4, at the junction of the worm wheel and the tooth top end surface, the end part of the spiral rack forms an obtuse angle position and an acute angle position at the tooth top end surface, the obtuse angle position is shown as a left broken line oval mark in a diagram in fig. 4, the acute angle position is shown as a right broken line oval mark in a diagram in fig. 4, the acute angle position is polished to be in a state shown as a b diagram in fig. 4, the position is sharp and easy to damage before the polishing, and burrs exist.

Description of structural aspects of the present blunt mill: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 8 and 9, the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a bracket 41, a lower tip cone 42 arranged at the bottom of the bracket 41 and a locking rod 44 in threaded connection with the bracket 41, wherein the lower end of the locking rod 44 is provided with an upper tip cone 43 coaxial with the lower tip cone 42; the base 1 is provided with a guide rail 45 allowing the bracket 41 to slide, and the bracket 41 is provided with a locking bolt 46 for fixing the bracket 41 on the base 1; the support 41 bottom is fixed and is provided with a support column 51, and the top of support column 51 is provided with a gear box 52, is provided with a plurality of circumference evenly distributed in the gear box 52 and is equipped with spacing wheel 53 in the outside of lower tip cone 42, and spacing wheel 53 is coaxial with waiting to grind dull worm gear g, and each spacing wheel 53 can mesh waiting to grind dull worm gear g simultaneously and enclose waiting to grind dull worm gear g.

Because the sharp angle grinding of the worm wheel is performed at the tooth top end face of the worm wheel, and the worm wheel is required to be in a rotating state in the processing process, the clamping reliability is very critical, otherwise, the worm wheel can deviate under the thrust action of the grinding cutter wheel 2, so that the processing quality is affected, and even the worm wheel g to be grinded is damaged and scrapped.

In this scheme, utilize the coaxial last tip cone 43 that sets up and the processing hole department of lower tip cone 42 effect in treating two tip terminal surface centers of dull worm wheel g, the tip of last tip cone 43 and lower tip cone 42 is the sphere, can make treat dull worm wheel g maintain vertical state and have less rotation resistance, but treat dull worm wheel g in the course of working can relax by a small margin, and beat grinding wheel 2 and treat the always maintaining one-way thrust of dull worm wheel g, add the shaft-like dull worm wheel g and be the tip atress, can cause the processing hole wearing and tearing on treating dull worm wheel g two tip terminal surfaces, also can influence treat dull worm wheel g and the axiality of last tip cone 43 and lower tip cone 42 in the course of working, thereby influence processingquality, in addition, the processing hole also can be used repeatedly in waiting to dull worm wheel g follow-up processing, the wearing and tearing of processing hole is unfavorable for the quality of finished product. In order to solve the problem, in this scheme, adopt the mode of many spacing wheels 53 parcel to treat to grind idle end of dull worm wheel g and hug tightly, spacing wheel 53 has with wait to grind dull worm wheel g matched with tooth structure, spacing wheel 53 has the heliciform rack that can mesh wait to grind dull worm wheel g promptly, on the one hand has made things convenient for the location of inserting of waiting to grind dull worm wheel g, on the other hand, because wait to grind dull worm wheel g rotatory in-process each spacing gear and also synchronous rotation, when waiting to grind dull worm wheel g processing end slope and deviate from original axis, spacing gear's rotation can be to wait to grind dull worm wheel g and rectify, has improved the axiality of waiting to grind dull worm wheel g when processing. Regarding the principle of correction: since the limit wheels 53 are actually worm wheels with shorter structures, the teeth of the worm wheels are spiral, when the workpieces incline, the surrounded limit wheels 53 guide the workpieces when being meshed gradually in the rotating process, the limit gears tightly meshed with the workpieces enable the workpieces to be strapped and centered, and the limit gears can rotate independently, so that the workpieces are not difficult to insert due to tight meshing.

The device further comprises an adjusting part, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 6 and 7, wherein the adjusting part comprises a mounting column 33 longitudinally arranged on the base 1, a hydraulic cylinder 34 is arranged at the top of the mounting column 33, and a push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is connected with the mounting plate 32; the driving motor 31, the air cylinder 48, the mounting plate 32 and the polishing cutter wheel 2 are integrated, the polishing cutter wheel 2 can be integrally and longitudinally moved under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 34, the polishing cutter wheel can also rotate around a switching point between the sliding block 38 and the mounting plate 32 to change the inclination angle of the polishing cutter wheel 2, a small-size belt pulley is arranged at the output end of the driving motor 31, a large belt pulley 6 is fixed on a shaft sleeve 47, the small-size belt pulley is connected with the large belt pulley 6 through a belt, a connecting piece for wrapping the belt is arranged between a shell of the driving motor 31 and the mounting plate 32, the body of the air cylinder 48 is fixed on the mounting plate 32, the polishing cutter wheel 2 can be driven to move along the axial direction by the action of a push rod of the air cylinder 48, the shaft sleeve 47 is transmitted to the polishing cutter wheel 2 through a spline after the torque of the driving motor 31, and the polishing cutter wheel 2 can be driven to translate by a feeding mechanism while rotating.

The push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is rotatably connected with the mounting plate 32, the mounting column 33 is provided with a locking screw rod 35, the mounting plate 32 is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove 36 taking the rotation center of the mounting plate 32 as the center of a circle, the locking screw rod 35 is inserted into the arc-shaped guide groove 36, and the locking screw rod 35 is in threaded connection with a locking nut 37 for fixing the mounting plate 32 on the mounting column 33. A slide block 38 is fixedly arranged on the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 34, a slide groove 39 matched with the slide block 38 is arranged on the mounting column 33, and the mounting plate 32 is rotatably connected to the slide block 38.

The sharpening wheel 2 can realize the adjustment of longitudinal position, and can swing around the transfer point between the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 34 and the mounting plate 32, thereby adjust the position of the sharpening wheel 2, with the vertical worm wheel g that waits to grind that sets up of adaptation, according to the screw lead angle, length and the required cutting volume of waiting to polish the worm wheel, adjust the position of sharpening wheel 2, especially ensure that sharpening wheel 2 will not cause wearing and tearing at rotatory in-process sharpening strip 21 wait to grind the flank of worm wheel g, ensure waiting to grind the meshing between dull worm wheel g and the sharpening strip 21.

The inclination angle of the grinding wheel 2 is adjusted so as to ensure that the workpiece is meshed with the grinding strip 21 without damaging the tooth surface of the workpiece, when the thread lift angle of the workpiece is large, the inclination angle to be adjusted of the grinding wheel 2 is also large, and the workpiece rack at the tangent position can be kept parallel to the grinding strip 21 or not parallel, so long as the workpiece can be meshed and driven, and the grinding strip only contacts with the position to be ground in the rotating process; the cutting forces acting at the acute angle of the bar 21 as it leaves the tooth slot of the workpiece drive the workpiece in rotation to switch the next tooth slot into engagement with the bar 21.

The feeding mechanism is one of the cores of the scheme, as shown in fig. 2 and 10, and comprises a shaft sleeve 47 and a cylinder 48 which are connected on the grinding cutter wheel 2 through splines, wherein the shaft sleeve 47 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor 31, the shaft sleeve 47 is rotatably connected on the mounting plate 32 through a bearing, a push rod of the cylinder 48 is rotatably connected with the grinding cutter wheel 2 through a bearing, and a cylinder body of the cylinder 48 is fixed on the mounting plate 32.

As shown in fig. 5 and 11, when the grinding wheel 2 is located at the end of the worm to be dull, the worm wheel workpiece can be maintained to be engaged with the grinding wheel 2 having the spiral grinding bar 21 in an inclined state, at this time, the rotation of the grinding wheel 2 can drive the worm to be dull to rotate, however, if only the two are engaged in this state, the grinding bar 21 only has slight engaging wear at the acute angle of the worm wheel g to be dull, although the acute angle of each rack of the worm wheel g to be dull can be ground, the cutting amount of the slight wear is small, that is, the cutter cannot realize feeding relative to the grinding position in the grinding process, since the worm wheel g to be dull itself has a plurality of separated processing areas, the simple pushing by the workpiece clamping mechanism can hardly ensure that the wear amounts of each tooth of the worm are equivalent, so that the different acute angle positions of a single worm wheel are not dull, and the worm wheel g to be dull is very easy to damage.

In order to solve the problems, the feeding mechanism provides a translation motion for the grinding wheel 2, so that the grinding wheel 2 moves along the axial direction of the grinding wheel 2 in a small extent except for rotation, and different positions of the grinding strip 21 participate in grinding and cutting of the worm wheel g to be grinded.

The sanding strip 21 includes a mounting section 211 at one end and a sanding section 212 adjoining the mounting section 211; the outer diameter of the sanding strip 21 of the mounting section 211 is smaller than the outer diameter of the sanding section 212.

Alternatively, the polishing strip 21 comprises a mounting section 211, a plurality of polishing sections 212 and a polishing section 213 which are sequentially connected; from the fitting section 211 to the polishing section 213, the polishing strip 21 of each polishing section 212 gradually increases in outer diameter; the outer diameter of the sanding strip 21 of the mounting section 211 is smaller than the outer diameter of the adjacent sanding section 212. The assembly section 211 is used when the workpiece is clamped, the polishing sections 212 with different outer diameters can polish the workpiece progressively, so that the single polishing amount is small, burrs and skin frying are avoided, and the polishing section 213 improves the flatness of the wear surface in a fine polishing mode.

The grinding and dulling method comprises the following steps: s1, debugging: the to-be-grinded blunt worm gear g is vertically clamped on the workpiece clamping mechanism; adjusting the position of the grinding wheel 2 until the initial end of the assembling section 211 of the grinding strip 21 is meshed with the end position of the worm wheel g to be dull, and keeping the worm wheel g to be dull loosely meshed with the assembling section 211 of the grinding strip 21; the grinding section 212 of the grinding wheel 2 is controlled to be meshed with the worm wheel g to be dull, the grinding wheel 2 drives the worm wheel g to be dull to rotate synchronously, at the moment, the hydraulic cylinder 34 is controlled to enable the grinding wheel 2 to move downwards longitudinally, and when cutting sound is heard, the longitudinal movement of the grinding wheel 2 is stopped, so that the grinding of an acute angle of the end face of a tooth top of the worm wheel g to be dull is completed; observing the grinding and dulling condition of the processed workpiece and the abrasion condition of the non-processing position of the workpiece, and adjusting the longitudinal position and the horizontal inclination angle of the grinding cutter wheel 2 until the grinding and dulling condition is ideal; s2, after debugging is finished, only the workpiece clamping and installing mechanism is required to be controlled to disassemble and assemble the workpiece, and each time one workpiece or one end face of the workpiece is machined, the feeding mechanism is required to reset the grinding wheel 2, the worm wheel g to be dull to be ground is kept to be meshed with the assembling section 211 of the grinding strip 21 before machining is started, and the position to be ground of the worm wheel g to be dull to be ground is required to be ensured to be positioned below the intersection point of the axis of the grinding wheel 2 and the horizontal plane where the position to be ground is positioned before machining is started.

The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the utility model. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the utility model or exceeding the scope of the utility model as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims (4)

1. The driving mechanism on the sharp-angle grinding and dulling equipment for the tooth ends is characterized by comprising a base (1) and a grinding cutter wheel (2), wherein the grinding cutter wheel (2) is controlled to rotate through a driving motor (31), the grinding cutter wheel (2) is connected onto a mounting plate (32) in a sliding manner along the axis direction of the grinding cutter wheel, and a feeding mechanism capable of driving the grinding cutter wheel (2) to move along the axis direction is arranged on the mounting plate (32); the feeding mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve (47) and a cylinder (48) which are connected to the grinding cutter wheel (2) through splines, the shaft sleeve (47) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor (31), the shaft sleeve (47) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (32) through a bearing, a push rod of the cylinder (48) is rotatably connected with the grinding cutter wheel (2) through a bearing, and a cylinder body of the cylinder (48) is fixed to the mounting plate (32).

2. The driving mechanism on the sharp-end grinding and dulling equipment according to claim 1, wherein a mounting column (33) is longitudinally arranged on the base (1), a hydraulic cylinder (34) is arranged at the top of the mounting column (33), and a push rod of the hydraulic cylinder (34) is connected with the mounting plate (32).

3. The driving mechanism of the sharp-end grinding and dulling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that a push rod of the hydraulic cylinder (34) is rotationally connected with the mounting plate (32), a locking screw (35) is arranged on the mounting post (33), an arc-shaped guide groove (36) taking the rotation center of the mounting plate (32) as a center of a circle is arranged on the mounting plate (32), the locking screw (35) is inserted into the arc-shaped guide groove (36), and a locking nut (37) for fixing the mounting plate (32) on the mounting post (33) is connected to the locking screw (35) in a threaded manner.

4. A driving mechanism for a sharp-end grinding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a slide block (38) is fixedly arranged on a push rod of the hydraulic cylinder (34), the mounting post (33) is provided with a slide groove (39) matched with the slide block (38), and the mounting plate (32) is rotatably connected to the slide block (38).

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