CN219165169U - Astragalus stem and leaf harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an agricultural machine, namely an astragalus root stem and leaf harvester, which comprises a header (1), a cutter (2), a fixed blade (3) and a movable blade (4), wherein a straw pulling belt (5) which transversely runs is arranged in the middle of the header, and a plurality of overhanging straw pulling plates (6) are arranged outside the straw pulling belt, and the agricultural machine is characterized in that: the front opposite surface of the end part of the header (1) is provided with a clamping wheel (15), the axis of the clamping wheel (15) is vertical, the clamping wheel is rotatably arranged on a bracket (7) extending forward of the frame, the clamping wheel can reversely rotate with the reel belt under the drive of a transmission mechanism, and the periphery of the clamping wheel (15) is provided with a bent clamping rod (16). The beneficial effects are that: the clamping wheel is additionally arranged at the most easily blocked part of the cutting table, the clamping wheel and the reel end part of the cutting table are used for clamping the plants back and forth and forcibly conveying the plants, the defect of plant blocking is overcome, meanwhile, the cut plants are pushed to one side of the cutting knife, the cutting is smoother, the operation efficiency is high, the quality is good, and a suitable machine tool is provided for the astragalus root stem and leaf harvesting operation.

Description

Astragalus stem and leaf harvester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an agricultural implement, in particular to an astragalus root stem and leaf harvester.

Background

Astragalus root is also known as Astragalus root, latin brand name Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge is a perennial herb of Astragalus genus of Leguminosae family. Astragalus root is a traditional Chinese medicine, is a key herb for tonifying qi, and has wide application and strong market demand. In the past, astragalus root is only used as a medicine, and stem and leaf are mostly discarded. In recent years, the stem and leaf of astragalus membranaceus is a high-quality feed for cattle and sheep, and has high medicinal value. Previously, astragalus is a wild resource, and the product is short and is in short supply. In recent years, artificial cultivation of astragalus has been successful, and the planting scale is rapidly expanding. The astragalus membranaceus planting enterprises of thousands of mu appear in the inner Mongolian cole grassland, and the development prospect is quite considerable. However, because the starting is late, the harvesting of the stem leaves of the astragalus root can only be carried out by manual operation due to lack of applicable tools. The manual operation efficiency is low, the quality is poor, the cost is high, and the requirement of astragalus planting cannot be met. To solve this problem, we have borrowed other crop harvesters to conduct harvesting experiments. However, the form of the stem and leaf of the astragalus membranaceus is special, plant branches among rows are hung together and are difficult to separate, a harvester for other crops is adopted, the blockage is very easy, the fault is frequent, the operation efficiency is very low, and the requirement of harvesting the stem and leaf of the astragalus membranaceus cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf harvester which is suitable for the harvesting operation of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf, is not easy to block, runs stably, and is high in efficiency and good in quality.

The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an astragalus stem leaf harvester, including header, cutting knife, the cutting knife includes stationary blade, moves the blade, and the rear upper side of cutting knife is equipped with the reel area of horizontal operation, and reel area is equipped with a plurality of overhanging reel boards, its characterized in that: the front opposite surface of the end part of the cutting table, namely the front surface of an outlet of the cutting table, from which cutting plants are separated during operation, is provided with a clamping wheel, the axis of the clamping wheel is vertical, the clamping wheel is rotatably arranged on a bracket extending forwards of the frame, the clamping wheel and the reel belt are reversely rotated under the drive of a transmission mechanism, and the periphery of the clamping wheel is provided with a bent clamping rod.

When the clamping rod rotates to the front of the header along with the clamping wheel, the outwards protruding direction of the bending of the clamping rod is opposite to the header.

The bracket is tubular and fixed at one end of the frame, the front end of the bracket extends below the clamping wheel, a transmission rod is arranged in the bracket, the rear end of the transmission rod extends out of the bracket and is provided with a chain wheel, the chain wheel is driven with the power machine through a chain, and the front end of the transmission rod is provided with a transmission rod bevel gear which is meshed with the clamping wheel shaft bevel gear below the clamping wheel.

The clamping wheel is a hollow sleeve, a jack is arranged on the wall of the sleeve, the middle and rear parts of the clamping rod are bending sections, the front part of the clamping rod is provided with a section of cylindrical inserting shaft, the inserting shaft is inserted into the sleeve and is in rotary fit with the jack on the sleeve, and a turning mechanism for enabling the inserting shaft to rotate is arranged in the sleeve.

The steering mechanism is characterized in that a vertical central column is arranged in the sleeve, a clamping axle is arranged below the sleeve, a clamping axle bevel gear is arranged at the lower end of the clamping axle, an axle hole is formed in the lower end of the clamping axle and the clamping axle bevel gear along the axis, the lower end of the central column penetrates through the axle holes of the clamping axle and the clamping axle bevel gear and is fixed on the bracket, a central column bevel gear is arranged at the upper end of the central column and is meshed with the clamping rod bevel gear at the inner end of the clamping rod inserting shaft, and when the sleeve rotates around the central column, the clamping rod bevel gear rotates in the meshing with the central bevel gear and drives the clamping rod to rotate.

The gear ratio of the central column bevel gear to the clamping rod bevel gear is 1:1, and when the sleeve rotates around the central column for 180 degrees, the bending direction of the clamping rod is opposite to the initial rotating direction.

The crop divider is arranged at one end of the header, namely at one side opposite to the clamping wheel, the side face of the crop divider is in a triangle shape with a low front and a high rear, the cross section of the crop divider is in a triangle shape, the sharp angle is upward, the cutter is arranged at the rear section above the crop divider, and the cutter blade is arranged at the front and the upper side.

The sharp edge of the cutter is in a saw tooth shape.

The cutter is a plurality of blades arranged around the cutter disc, two ends of a cutter disc shaft are arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the crop divider, a rotatable land wheel is arranged below the cutter disc, two ends of the land wheel shaft are arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the crop divider, the land wheel shaft drives the cutter disc to rotate through a driving wheel and a driving belt, and the blade at the highest point of the cutter disc extends out from an opening on the crop divider.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the clamping wheel is additionally arranged at the most easily blocked part of the cutting table, the clamping wheel and the reel end part of the cutting table are used for clamping the plants back and forth and forcibly conveying the plants, the defect of plant blocking is overcome, meanwhile, the cut plants are pushed to one side of the cutting knife, the cutting is smoother, the operation efficiency is high, the quality is good, and a suitable machine tool is provided for the astragalus root stem and leaf harvesting operation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a header assembly of the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a header assembly top view of the first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of the first embodiment of the pinch wheel assembly;

FIG. 6 is a top view of a first embodiment of a pinch wheel configuration;

FIG. 7 is a top view of another clamp wheel structure of the first embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a front view of a second embodiment of a clamping wheel assembly;

FIG. 9 is a top view of a second embodiment of a clamping wheel assembly;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a clamp wheel operating condition;

fig. 11 is an enlarged front view of a parts divider of a third embodiment;

fig. 12 is an enlarged left side view of a parts divider of a third embodiment;

fig. 13 is an enlarged front view of a parts divider of a fourth embodiment;

fig. 14 is an enlarged left side view of a parts divider of a fourth embodiment.

The figure can be seen: header 1, cutter 2, stationary blade 3, moving blade 4, reel 5, reel plate 6, carrier 7, frame 8, drive shaft 9, sprocket 10, chain 11, reel shaft 12, moving blade fork 13, crop divider 14, clamping wheel 15, clamping lever 16, outlet 17, drive lever 18, drive lever bevel gear 19, clamping axle bevel gear 20, clamping axle 21, bushing 22, sleeve 23, curved section 24, insert shaft 25, clamping lever bevel gear 26, center post bevel gear 27, center post 28, cutter 29, saw teeth 30, cutterhead 31, blade 32, opening 33, drive belt 34, land wheel 35.

Detailed Description

First embodiment: fig. 1 and 2 illustrate a radix astragali stem and leaf harvester, which comprises a header 1 and a cutter 2, wherein the header is arranged in front of a tractor or other walking power machine through a frame 8. The cutting knife is a hair-cutting type cutting knife, which is provided with a fixed blade 3 and a movable blade 4. The transmission shaft 9 of the power machine drives the movable blade shifting fork 13 to shift the movable blade to reciprocate, and forms shearing action with the fixed blade. A transverse-running reel belt 5 is arranged above the rear part of the cutter, and is in a long annular shape, and two ends of the reel belt are supported by reel belt rotating shafts 12. The reel belt rotating shaft is arranged on the frame, one of the reels belt rotating shaft is driven by the power machine transmission part, and the other reel belt rotating shaft rotates along with the rotation of the reel belt rotating shaft. The outer surface of the grain pulling belt is provided with a plurality of grain pulling plates 6 which are outwards extended. At one end of the header is mounted a crop divider 14.

As can be seen in fig. 3 and 4, the front-to-back surface of the end of the header, i.e. the front surface of the outlet 17 of the header from which the astragalus plant is cut during the cutting operation, is provided with a clamping wheel 15, and a clamping rod 16 is arranged outside the clamping wheel.

As can be seen in connection with fig. 5, the clamping wheel is an upright cylinder mounted by means of a lower clamping axle 21 on the front of an elongated bracket 7 mounted on one side of the frame 8, the front end of the bracket extending below the clamping wheel. A flat transmission rod 18 is arranged in the bracket, a chain wheel is arranged at the rear end of the transmission rod and is transmitted with a transmission wheel at the rear of the cutting table, and the transmission wheel is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor through a chain. The front part of the transmission rod is provided with a transmission rod bevel gear 19 which is meshed with a clamping wheel shaft bevel gear 20 at the lower end of the clamping wheel shaft. When in operation, the clamping wheel is driven by the transmission mechanism to rotate in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the reel.

The clamping bar 16 outside the clamping wheel is seen to be a curved bar. The bending portion preferably starts from the middle portion and continues to the tail end. The direction of bending is: when the swing rod is opposite to the cutting table, the bent outer convex surface of the swing rod faces the cutting table. The number of the swinging rods is various, and the swinging rods can be one as shown in fig. 2 and 4, two as shown in fig. 6, three as shown in fig. 7, and the like. Preferably, more than two clamping rods are symmetrically arranged relative to the clamping wheel axis.

It should be noted that, the radius of curvature of the clamping rod has a large range, and the clamping rod can work when the swinging rod is close to the straight rod, and the clamping rod and the swinging rod should have the same structure as the illustrated shape.

The relative positions of the cutter, the reel and the clamping wheel can also be seen by combining the figures 3 and 4. Wherein, the cutting knife is arranged at the lower part of the cutting table, and is opposite to the plant of astragalus membranaceus during operation. In general, the cutting width of the cutting table is preferably two rows. Two sides of the frame behind the cutter are respectively provided with a reel rotating shaft 12, one of which is driven by a bevel gear behind through a chain, the bevel gear is fixedly connected with a driving wheel behind, the driving wheel is driven by a power output shaft of a tractor through a chain, and two reel rotating shafts support a reel to run. The clamping wheel 15 is arranged at one end of the cutter, and compared with the reel, the clamping wheel occupies a shorter position, namely, the reel 5 pushes the front corner of one end of the astragalus plant outwards. When in operation, the machine can be arranged in front of a tractor, after entering the astragalus field, the divider 14 at one side divides the astragalus plants inside and outside the cutting frame, and the cutter can cut the front astragalus plants. The cut plants slide to one side under the pushing of the grain pulling plate, and when reaching one end of the outlet of the cutter, the cut plants are thrown outside the cutting table under the clamping of the grain pulling plate and the clamping rods and are arranged in a row on the ground.

Experimental analysis: why does this improvement solve the problem of astragalus plants blocking the header? This is first to be seen as the cause of the blockage. It is observed that the astragalus plants before harvesting are mutually crossed and adhered, when the cut plants slide to one side, the cut plants are pulled by the uncut plants, the number of the plants is the largest at the outlet 17 of the cutting table, and the pulling resistance is the largest, so that the blockage is the easiest. And a clamping wheel is added at the position, and the clamping wheel forcedly pushes and pulls the astragalus plants through a clamping rod arranged outside, so that the astragalus plants and the original shifting plates form front and back clamping, and the blockage at the outlet can be eliminated. Meanwhile, the forced pushing and pulling at the outlet can also cause pulling force on the following plants, so that the following plants slide smoothly. In addition, the clamping rods push the uncut astragalus plants to one side of the cutting table, so that cutting is facilitated. Meanwhile, the phenomenon that the plants are bent forwards and the stubble is higher and higher due to the pushing of the cutting table is eliminated. The functions of the aspects are overlapped, so that the blockage of astragalus plants can be avoided, and the harvesting operation of the stem leaves of the astragalus can be stably and efficiently completed.

Second embodiment: on the basis of the first embodiment, only the configuration of the clamping wheel and the clamping lever is modified. The clamping lever in the first embodiment is fixedly mounted on the outside of the clamping wheel, and the bending direction of the clamping lever is only one. When the clamping rod is close to the cutting table, the bent outer convex surface faces to the cutting table. Thus, when the plants enter the plant row immediately before, the outer convex surface is opposite to the plants. While this works, it is more desirable that the gripping bar be concave relative to the plant as it enters the row. Because the concave surface has better gathering performance for plants. Obviously, the two requirements are contradictory. To solve this problem, this example employs a steering mechanism that can rotate the holding lever to change the bending direction.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a bevel gear 20 of a clamping axle at the lower end of the clamping axle under the clamping wheel 15 is meshed with a bevel gear 19 of a transmission rod, and the clamping wheel can rotate under the drive of the transmission rod. The improvement is that: the clamping wheel is a hollow sleeve 23, the middle and rear parts of the clamping rod are bent sections 24, and the front part of the clamping rod is provided with a section of cylindrical inserting shaft 25. The sleeve wall is provided with a jack, and the inserting shaft is inserted into the sleeve through the jack and is in running fit with the jack on the sleeve. The clamp wheel shaft 21 and the clamp wheel shaft bevel gear 20 at the lower end are provided with a shaft hole along the axis. The sleeve has an upstanding central post 28 which is secured to the bracket 7 at its lower end by a shaft aperture through the clamp axle and the underlying clamp axle bevel gear. A central column bevel gear 27 is fixed at the upper end of the central column, a clamping rod bevel gear 26 is fixedly connected at the inner end of the clamping rod inserting shaft 25, and the central column bevel gear 27 is meshed with the clamping rod bevel gear 26. When the sleeve 23 of the clamping wheel rotates, the clamping lever bevel gear 26 rotates in engagement with the central post bevel gear 27, simultaneously driving the clamping lever 15 to rotate, the bending direction of the clamping lever also changing.

Fig. 10 recommends a preferred construction, in which the central post bevel gear 27 and the clamping lever bevel gear 26 are identical in diameter and have a 1:1 gear ratio. When the sleeve rotates around the central column by 180 degrees, the bending direction of the clamping rod is opposite to the initial direction of rotation. Before entering the astragalus plant row, the concave surface of the clamping rod faces the plant direction, so that the clamping rod has stronger constraint force on the astragalus plant. When the plant leaves are rotated by 90 degrees, the concave surface of the clamping rod indicated by the imaginary line faces downwards, and the plant leaves can be continuously pushed to be close to one side of the cutting table. Turning 90 deg. again, the concave surface of the clamping bar, indicated by the imaginary line, is turned 180 deg. from the initial direction and the convex surface is directed towards the cutting table, so that both the plants can be pushed towards the cutting table and the cut plants can be pushed towards the outlet 17. Especially when the clamping rod passes through the outlet, the convex surface is still towards the cutting table, so that the clamping rod can be better separated from plants, the plants cannot be scraped, and the throwing of the plants is facilitated. The clamping bar is then rotated 360 ° with its concave surface shown in phantom. At this time, the clamping rod does not enter the astragalus plant row, and the front concave surface can turn to the plant when entering the plant row.

It can be seen that the structure is complicated, but the performance is greatly improved, and the structure is an optimized technical scheme.

Third embodiment: the structure on the crop divider is optimized on the basis of the previous embodiments. As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, a divider 14 is mounted at one end of the header, and is formed by surrounding steel plates at two sides, and is longitudinally in a long triangular shape, with a corner tip forward, and a front low and a rear high. The cross section of the material is triangular, and the sharp angle is upward. The divider is used for inserting the front end from the lower part between two rows when advancing, and separating plants between adjacent rows in the advancing process. It can be seen that the crop divider is positioned on the side of the header, i.e. the side opposite the clamping wheel. A divider is arranged at one end of the header, because the radix astragali harvesting is started from one side. If harvesting starts in the middle, plants on two sides are mutually hung, the resistance is too large, and the cut plants need to be laid on one side, so that only one side of the divider can be used.

The astragalus plants are mutually hung, so that the astragalus plants are not easy to separate and have larger resistance. In order to reduce the drag, a crop divider 14 as shown in fig. 11 and 12 may be used. As shown, a cutter 29 is mounted at the rear of the upper edge of the crop divider 14, and the cutting edge line of the cutter is a sloping line which is low in front and high in rear along with the shape of the crop divider, so that the cutting edge thereof is directed upward. The sharp line may be a diagonal line, and a saw tooth 30-shaped sharp is preferable in view of easy dulling of the linear sharp, and cutting performance is stable. During operation, the crop divider runs randomly, and plants which are easy to separate can be separated at the front section of the crop divider. The plants which are not easy to separate are dragged to the rear section of the crop divider and can be cut off by the cutter, so that the resistance is greatly reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Fourth embodiment: the cutter 29 of the component divider is modified on the basis of the previous embodiment. As shown in fig. 13 and 14, a cutter blade 29 is provided at the rear end of the upper edge of the crop divider. The cutter is not stationary but rotatable. In many embodiments, the structure shown in the drawings may be preferred: a cutter disc 31 is arranged in the crop divider 14, and is connected with the wall plates at the two sides of the crop divider through cutter disc shafts, and the cutter disc can rotate. The periphery of the cutterhead is provided with a plurality of blades 32, the upper edge of the rear section of the crop divider is provided with an opening 33, and the highest blade in rotation extends out of the opening. As can be seen, a ground wheel 35 is provided below the cutterhead. The land wheel is preferably a rim surrounded by steel bars, a plurality of anti-slip gear teeth are uniformly distributed on the periphery, and the land wheel is simple and portable and can be accommodated in the crop divider. The two ends of the land axle are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the grain divider, and the driving wheel and the driving belt 34 drive the cutterhead to rotate. The driving wheel and the driving belt are arranged on one side of the land wheel and the cutter head, the driving wheel is preferably a chain wheel, the driving belt is a matched chain, and the driving wheel does not lose rotation. During operation, the land wheel rotates under the friction of the ground to drive the cutterhead to rotate. The blades on the cutterhead protrude outside the crop divider when rotated high. Plants which are not separated in the front section of the divider are cut off by blades in the rear section, so that the resistance of the machine is small, the speed is high, the energy consumption is low and the efficiency is high. Most of the cut branches are wrapped by adjacent plants, so that the cut branches are not easy to drop, and the loss is small and negligible.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an astragalus stem leaf harvester, includes header (1), cutting knife (2), and cutting knife (2) are equipped with transversely moving reel area (5) including fixed blade (3), movable blade (4), rear upper side of cutting knife, reel area is equipped with a plurality of overhanging reel boards (6), its characterized in that: the front opposite surface of the end part of the cutting table (1), namely, the front surface of an outlet (17) of the cutting table (1) is provided with a clamping wheel (15) when in operation, the axis of the clamping wheel (15) is vertical, the cutting wheel is rotatably arranged on a bracket (7) extending forward of the frame, the cutting wheel can reversely rotate with the reel belt under the drive of a transmission mechanism, and the periphery of the clamping wheel (15) is provided with a bent clamping rod (16).

2. The astragalus root stem and leaf harvester as set forth in claim 1, wherein: when the clamping rod (16) rotates to the front of the cutting table (1) along with the clamping wheel (15), the outwards protruding direction of the bending of the clamping rod is opposite to the cutting table (1).

3. The astragalus root stem and leaf harvester as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the bracket (7) is tubular and fixed at one end of the frame (8), the front end of the bracket extends below the clamping wheel (15), a transmission rod (18) is arranged in the bracket (7), the rear end of the transmission rod (18) extends out of the bracket (7) and is provided with a chain wheel, the chain wheel (10) is driven with the power machine through a chain (11), and the front end of the transmission rod (18) is provided with a transmission rod bevel gear (19) which is meshed with a clamping wheel shaft bevel gear (20) below the clamping wheel (15).

4. A astragalus root stem and leaf harvester according to claim 3, wherein: the clamping wheel (15) is a hollow sleeve (23), a jack is formed in the wall of the sleeve, the middle and rear parts of the clamping rod (16) are curved sections, a section of cylindrical inserting shaft (25) is arranged at the front part of the clamping rod, the inserting shaft (25) is inserted into the sleeve (23) and is in running fit with the jack on the sleeve (23), and a turning mechanism for enabling the inserting shaft (25) to rotate is arranged in the sleeve (23).

5. The astragalus root stem and leaf harvester of claim 4, wherein: the steering mechanism is characterized in that a vertical central column (28) is arranged in the sleeve (23), a clamping wheel shaft (21) is arranged below the sleeve (23), a clamping wheel shaft bevel gear (20) is arranged at the lower end of the clamping wheel shaft (21), a shaft hole is formed in the lower end of the clamping wheel shaft (21) and the clamping wheel shaft bevel gear (20) along the axis, the lower end of the central column (28) penetrates through the shaft holes of the clamping wheel shaft (21) and the clamping wheel shaft bevel gear (20) and is fixed on the bracket (7), a central column bevel gear (27) is arranged at the upper end of the central column, the central column bevel gear (27) is meshed with a clamping rod bevel gear (26) at the inner end of the inserting shaft (25), and when the sleeve (23) rotates around the central column (28), the clamping rod bevel gear (26) rotates in meshing with the central column bevel gear (27) and drives the clamping rod (16) to rotate.

6. The astragalus root stem and leaf harvester of claim 5, wherein: the gear ratio of the central column bevel gear (27) to the clamping rod bevel gear (26) is 1:1, and the bending direction of the clamping rod (16) is opposite to the initial direction when the sleeve (23) rotates 180 degrees around the central column (28).

7. The astragalus root stem and leaf harvester as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the cutting table is characterized in that a divider (14) is arranged at one end of the cutting table, namely, the side opposite to the clamping wheel (15), of the divider (14), the side face of the divider (14) is in a triangle shape with a low front and a high rear, the cross section of the divider is in a triangle shape, the sharp angle of the divider is upward, a cutter (29) is arranged at the rear section above the divider (14), and the front edge of the cutter is upward.

8. The astragalus root stem and leaf harvester of claim 7, wherein: the sharp edge of the cutter (29) is in a saw tooth shape (30).

9. The astragalus root stem and leaf harvester of claim 7, wherein: the cutter (29) is a plurality of blades (32) arranged around the cutter head (31), two ends of a cutter head shaft are arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the crop divider (14), a rotatable land wheel (35) is arranged below the cutter head (31), two ends of the land wheel shaft are arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the crop divider (14), the land wheel shaft drives the cutter head (31) to rotate through a driving wheel and a driving belt (34), and the blade (32) at the highest point of the cutter head (31) extends out from an opening (33) on the crop divider (14).

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