CN219161833U - Pullout test loading device and pullout test equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a pulling-resistant test loading device and pulling-resistant test equipment, and relates to the field of bridge engineering. The pulling-resistant test loading device comprises a test assembly, a supporting assembly and a loading assembly, wherein the test assembly comprises a concrete block, a connecting part and a plurality of shear nails, one end of each shear nail of the plurality of shear nails is fixed on the concrete block, and the other end of each shear nail is fixed on the connecting part; the support component is connected with the concrete block so as to apply force along a first direction to the concrete block, the loading component is connected with the connecting part, and the loading component can apply force along a second direction to the connecting part, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction. The pulling-resistant test loading device can solve the problem that the clamp can only test the pulling-resistant bearing capacity of a single shear pin, and realizes the test of the pulling-resistant bearing capacity of the group pins; meanwhile, the problem that the clamping part of the clamp of the shear pin is damaged at first when the furniture is used is solved, and the accuracy of test data is guaranteed.

Description

Pullout test loading device and pullout test equipment

technical field

The present application relates to the field of bridge engineering, in particular to a loading device for a pull-out test and equipment for a pull-out test.

Background technique

Steel and concrete are the two most commonly used building materials in civil engineering, and each has its own advantages and disadvantages; concrete is durable, good in fire resistance, economical, easy to form, but poor in tensile strength; steel is strong, light in weight, but easy to The steel-concrete composite structure puts the steel in the tension area and the concrete in the compression area, which maximizes the advantages of the two materials, reduces the weight and reduces the cost.

For the steel-concrete composite structure, the connection between concrete and steel is the bond that makes them work together; shear studs can transmit shear force in the longitudinal direction, limit the interface slip between concrete and steel, and prevent the concrete slab and steel in the longitudinal direction. The steel is separated to ensure the joint force of the two.

At present, the main method for studying the pull-out performance of quasi-static shear studs is the quasi-static shear stud pull-out test, that is, the shear stud is clamped with a clamp, and then the clamp is pulled out to perform the pull-out test, which is easy to cause the shear stud The clamping part of the jig is damaged first, which makes the test data deviate. In addition, the above-mentioned test method can only test the pull-out bearing capacity of a single shear nail connector, and cannot be applied to the pull-out test of group nails.

Utility model content

In view of this, the application provides a pullout test loading device and pullout test equipment, the pullout test loading device includes a test assembly, a support assembly and a loading assembly, and the test assembly includes a concrete block, a connecting portion and a plurality of shear nails, One end of any shear nail is fixed to the concrete block, and the other end is fixed to the connecting part. The support assembly is connected to the concrete block to exert a force on the concrete block in a first direction, and the loading assembly is connected to the connection portion, and the loading assembly is capable of applying a force to the connection portion in a second direction. The first direction is opposite to the second direction. Multiple shear studs are connected to the same connecting part, so that the loading assembly can apply a force along the second direction to the multiple shear studs through the connecting part, which solves the problem that the existing fixture can only test the pull-out resistance of a single shear stud The problem of bearing capacity realizes the pull-out bearing capacity of the group nails; at the same time, the loading component exerts force on multiple shear nails through the connection part, and the loading component does not directly apply force to the shear nails, which solves the problem of using clamps The pull-out test is carried out directly after the shear nail, which is likely to cause the first failure of the clamping part of the shear nail, which ensures the accuracy of the test data.

According to one aspect of the present application, a loading device for a pullout test is provided, the loading device for a pullout test includes a test assembly, a support assembly, and a loading assembly, and the test assembly includes a concrete block, a connecting portion, and a plurality of shear nails;

For any one of the shear nails, one end of the shear nail is fixed to the concrete block, and the other end of the shear nail is fixed to the connecting part;

The supporting assembly is connected with the concrete block to apply a force along a first direction to the concrete block, the loading assembly is connected with the connecting portion, and the loading assembly can apply a force along a second direction to the connecting portion. Direction of force, the first direction being opposite to the second direction.

Preferably, the loading device for the pull-out test further includes an adapter portion, the adapter portion is connected to the side of the connection portion facing away from the concrete block, and the loading assembly can be connected to the concrete block through the adapter portion. The connecting portion exerts a force in the second direction.

Preferably, the loading assembly includes a first loading beam, a second loading beam and a mounting portion, the first loading beam is connected to the second loading beam through the mounting portion, the first loading beam is connected to the transfer connection;

When the loading device for the pullout test is in use, the second loading beam abuts against a press, so that the second loading beam is exerted by the press in the second direction with force.

Preferably, the loading assembly further includes a fixing part, the connecting part and the transfer part are arranged at intervals along the first direction, the fixing part connects the connecting part and the transfer part, and the loading The assembly is connected to the side of the transition part facing the connecting part.

Preferably, one end of the mounting part is fixed to the second loading beam, and the other end of the mounting part is detachably connected to the first loading beam.

Preferably, the first loading beam includes a first loading portion and a second loading portion, the first loading portion crosses the second loading portion, and the second loading beam includes a third loading portion and a fourth loading portion part, the third loading part intersects with the fourth loading part; the number of the mounting parts is four, and the two ends of the first loading part pass through two of the four mounting parts respectively. The installation part is connected to both ends of the third loading part, and the two ends of the fourth loading part respectively pass through the other two installation parts in the four installation parts and the two ends of the fourth loading part connected, the intersection of the third loading part and the fourth loading part is connected with the transfer part.

Preferably, the loading device for the pullout test further includes a loading head, the loading head is arranged at the intersection of the first loading part and the second loading part, and when the loading device for the pullout test is in use , the loading head abuts against the press.

Preferably, the support assembly includes a connecting portion and a plurality of support columns, and the plurality of support columns are all connected to the concrete block to support the concrete block, and the adjacent two of the plurality of support columns The supporting columns are all connected through the connecting portion.

Preferably, the support assembly further includes a plurality of support pads, the multiple support pads correspond to the multiple support columns one by one, and any one of the multiple support pads is set between the support column corresponding to the support spacer and the concrete block.

According to another aspect of the present application, a pullout test equipment is provided, the pullout test equipment includes the above-mentioned loader for the pullout test and a press, and the press can apply an edge to the connecting part through the loading assembly. The force in the second direction.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the accompanying drawings that are required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and thus It should be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the loading device for the pullout test according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 shows a schematic structural view of the support assembly;

Fig. 3 shows the connection relation schematic diagram of support assembly and test assembly;

Fig. 4 shows the structural representation of loading assembly;

Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the adapter and the test assembly;

Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the loading component and the test component.

Icons: 1-test component; 11-concrete block; 12-connection; 13-shear nail; 2-support component; 21-connection; 22-support column; 23-support spacer; 3-loading component; - the first loading beam; 311 - the first loading part; 312 - the second loading part; 32 - the second loading beam; 321 - the third loading part; 322 - the fourth loading part; 33 - the installation part; 34 - the fixing part ;4-Transfer section; 5-Loading head; 6-Screw;

Detailed ways

The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in gaining an overall understanding of the methods, devices and/or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and/or systems described herein will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of the present application. For example, the order of operations described herein is an example only and is not limited to the order set forth herein, but, except for operations that must occur in a particular order, can be made that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of this application. change. Furthermore, descriptions of features that are known in the art may be omitted for increased clarity and conciseness.

The features described herein may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided merely to illustrate some of the many possible ways of implementing the methods, apparatus and/or systems described herein that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application.

Throughout the specification, when an element (such as a layer, region, or substrate) is described as being "on" another element, "connected to" another element, "coupled to" another element, "on" another element, When an element is "on" or "covers" another element, it can be directly "on" another element, "connected to" another element, "coupled to" another element, "on" another element" On" or "covering" another element, or one or more other elements may be present therebetween. In contrast, when an element is described as being "directly on" another element, "directly connected to" another element, "directly coupled to" another element, "directly on" another element Or "directly covering" another element, there may be no other elements intervening therebetween.

As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any one and any combination of any two or more of the associated listed items.

Although terms such as "first", "second" and "third" may be used herein to describe various members, components, regions, layers or sections, these members, components, regions, layers or sections are not constrained by these terms. restricted. Rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section referred to in examples described herein could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the examples.

For ease of description, spatial terms such as "on," "upper," "below," and "lower" may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element and another as shown in the drawings. Component relationships. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "on" or "upper" relative to other elements would then be oriented "below" or "lower" relative to the other elements. Thus, the term "over" encompasses both an orientation of "above" and "beneath" depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may be otherwise oriented (eg, rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein interpreted accordingly.

The terms used herein are only used to describe various examples, and are not used to limit the present disclosure. Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, singular forms are intended to include plural forms. The terms "comprising", "comprising" and "having" enumerate the presence of stated features, quantities, operations, members, elements and/or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements and/or combinations thereof.

Variations in the shapes shown in the figures may occur due to manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances. Accordingly, examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes shown in the drawings but include changes in shapes that occur during manufacture.

The features of the examples described herein can be combined in various ways that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of this application. Furthermore, while the examples described herein have a variety of configurations, other configurations are possible, as will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of this application.

According to one aspect of the present application, a loading device for a pullout test is provided. As shown in FIGS. The connecting part 12 and a plurality of shear nails 13, for any shear nail 13 among the plurality of shear nails 13, one end of the shear nail 13 is fixed to the concrete block 11, and the other end of the shear nail 13 is fixed to the connecting part 12 The support assembly 2 is connected with the concrete block 11, so that the concrete block 11 is applied along the first direction (in Figs. The loading assembly 3 is connected to the connection part 12, and the loading assembly 3 can apply a force in the second direction to the connection part 12, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction. A plurality of shear studs 13 are connected to the same connecting portion 12, so that the loading assembly 3 can pass through the connecting portion 12 and apply a force along the second direction to the plurality of shear studs 13, which solves the problem that only a single shear stud can be tested using a jig. 13’s pull-out bearing capacity, realizes the pull-out bearing capacity of the group of nails; at the same time, the loading assembly 3 exerts force on a plurality of shear nails 13 through the connecting portion 12, and the loading assembly 3 will not directly force the shear nails 13 The application of force solves the problem that the shear nail 13 is easily damaged first when the shear nail 13 is held by the clamp to carry out the pull-out test directly after the shear nail 13 is clamped by the clamp, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test data.

As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 (concrete block 11 is not shown in Fig. 5, connecting portion 12 is not shown in Fig. 3), the nail head of shear nail 13 is buried in the concrete block 11, and the root of shear nail 13 Welded on the connection part 12, when carrying out the shear nail group nail pull-out test, the connection part 12 is located below the shear nail 13, the concrete block 11 is located above the shear nail 13, and the support assembly 2 is connected to the concrete block 11, And a force along the first direction is applied to the concrete block 11; the loading assembly 3 is connected to the connection part 12, and a force along the second direction is applied to the connection part 12, so that the pullout test of the group nail can be realized.

It should be noted that the first direction is not limited to the direction opposite to the direction of gravity. For example, the first direction may be a horizontal direction to the right. At this time, the concrete block and the connecting part are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, and the support assembly and the concrete block The left side is connected to support the concrete block; the force member exerts a horizontal force to the left on the connection, and the pull-out test can also be realized at this time.

Optionally, the connecting part 12 may be a connecting plate or a connecting block.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the pullout test loading device also includes an adapter 4, the side of the adapter 4 and the connecting portion 12 facing away from the concrete block 11 (the lower side in Figures 5 and 6) connection, when the press applies pressure to the loading assembly 3, the loading assembly 3 can apply force to the transfer portion 4, and then apply force along the second direction to the connecting portion 12 and the plurality of shear studs 13 connected to the connecting portion 12. In this way, the transformation from compression to tension is realized, which further reduces the risk of damage to the shear stud 13 and ensures the accuracy of the pullout test data.

Optionally, the adapter part 4 is an adapter plate.

Further, the connection part 12 and the transfer part 4 are arranged at intervals along the first direction, the loading assembly 3 further includes a fixing part 34, the connection part 12 and the transfer part 4 are connected through the fixing part 34, and the connection between the loading assembly 3 and the transfer part 4 The side portion facing the connecting portion 12 is connected (the upper side portion in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 ), so that the force applying mechanism can apply force to the connecting portion 12 . Specifically, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the fixing part 34 can be a stud and a nut matched with the stud; the connecting part 12 and the connecting part 12 can be two square plates with the same size, and the connecting part 4 The four corners are provided with four holes, and the four corners of the connection part 12 are provided with corresponding holes of the four holes on the transfer part 4, through the holes on the transfer part 4 and the connection part 12 through the studs, and tightened by nuts. The connection between the adapter part 4 and the connecting part 12 can be realized by fixing.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6, the loading part includes a first loading beam 31, a second loading beam 32 and a mounting part 33, the first loading beam 31 and the second loading beam 32 are connected by the mounting part 33, the first loading beam 31 Connected to the upper side of the transfer part 4, the second loading beam 32 is located above the concrete block 11, and the second loading beam 32 can abut against the press. The second loading beam 32 is located above the concrete block 11 , which can facilitate applying force to the second loading beam 32 . When carrying out the pull-out test, the press applies force to the second loading beam 32, so that the force is transmitted to a plurality of shear nails 13 through the mounting part 33, the second loading beam 32, the transfer part 4 and the connecting part 12, thereby realizing Pullout test of group nails.

Further, the lower end of the installation part 33 is fixed on the second loading beam 32, and the upper end of the installation part 33 is detachably connected with the first loading beam 31, and the first loading beam 31 can be disassembled when installing and dismounting the concrete block 11 In this way, the installation of the concrete block 11 can be facilitated.

Preferably, the lower end of the mounting part 33 can be welded to the first loading beam 31 , so as to ensure the stability of the loading assembly 3 and the normal transmission of force. The second loading beam 32 can only be mounted on the mounting portion 33 , so that the second loading beam 32 can be easily disassembled.

Further, the first loading beam 31 includes a first loading portion 311 and a second loading portion 312, the first loading portion 311 and the second loading portion 312 intersect, and the second loading beam 32 includes a third loading portion 321 and a fourth loading portion 322 , the third loading part 321 is parallel to the first loading part 311 , and the fourth loading part 322 is parallel to the second loading part 312 . The number of mounting parts 33 is four, the two ends of the first loading part 311 are respectively connected to the third loading part 321 through two mounting parts 33, and the two ends of the second loading part 312 are connected to the third loading part 321 through the other two mounting parts 33 respectively. Both ends of the four loading parts 322 are connected, and the intersection of the first loading part 311 and the second loading part 312 can abut against the press. The end of the first loading part 311 is connected to the end of the second loading part 312, so that there is sufficient space between the first loading part 311 and the second loading part 312, so that when making the test assembly 1, it can be connected according to the The area of the part 12 reasonably adjusts the number and position of the shear studs 13 to be tested, thereby more accurately simulating the pull-out force suffered by the group of studs in actual engineering.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 , the intersection of the first loading portion 311 and the second loading portion 312 may abut against the press, so that the press passes through the intersection of the first loading portion 311 and the second loading portion 312 to The first loading beam 31 exerts force, and the intersection of the third loading part 321 and the fourth loading part 322 is connected with the transfer part 4 through the screw 6 . When the press applies force to the intersection of the first loading part 311 and the second loading part 312, the force can be evenly distributed to the four end points of the first loading part 311 and the second loading part 312, and then transmitted through the mounting part 33 To the four end points of the third loading part 321 and the fourth loading part 322, the intersection of the third loading part 321 and the fourth loading part 322 is connected with the transfer part 4, which can avoid the stress concentration of the transfer part 4, The risk of damage to the adapter part 4 is reduced.

Optionally, the first loading part 311 , the second loading part 312 , the third loading part 321 , the fourth loading part 322 and the installation part 33 may be shaped steel, such as I-shaped steel, square steel or T-shaped steel.

As shown in Figure 1, the loading device for the pullout test also includes a loading head 5, the loading head 5 is arranged at the intersection of the first loading part 311 and the second loading part 312, and opposite to the first loading part 311 and the second loading part 312 Protrude upwards. When the loading device for the pullout test is in use, the pressure head of the press abuts against the first loading beam 31 through the loading head 5, and the press applies force to the loading assembly 3 through the loading head 5, and then applies force to the test assembly 1, so that Realize the pull-out test of group nails.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the support assembly 2 includes a connecting portion 21 and a plurality of support columns 22, and the plurality of support columns 22 are all connected to the concrete block 11 to support the concrete block 11, and the adjacent ones of the plurality of support columns 22 The two support columns 22 are connected through the connecting portion 21 . Optionally, the number of support columns 22 is four, and the four support columns 22 respectively support four corners of the cube-shaped concrete block 11 .

Further, the support assembly 2 also includes a plurality of support pads 23, which correspond to a plurality of support columns 22 one by one, and a support pad 23 is provided between any support column 22 and the concrete block 11, In this way, during the test, the concrete block 11 can be prevented from being damaged in advance due to concentration of profits, and the accuracy of the data of the pullout test of the group nails can be ensured.

The implementation steps of the pullout test loading device of the present application are as follows:

Step 1: Make the test member; weld the root of the shear nail 13 to the connecting part 12, then pre-embed the head of the shear nail 13 in the formwork of the concrete block 11, pour concrete, maintain and form, and then complete the concrete block 11 Connection with shear stud 13;

Step 2: Install the loading assembly 3; weld the first loading beam 31 to the mounting part 33, and then fix the adapter part 4 to the first loading part 311 and the second loading part 312 of the first loading beam 31 with screws 6 At the intersection of the three, after the three are connected, they are hoisted to the support assembly 2 with a crane;

Step 3: Place the concrete block 11 on the supporting gasket 23 of the supporting assembly 2, adjust the position of the loading part according to the height of the connecting part 12 and the positions of the holes reserved at the four corners, and connect the connecting part 12 and the The loading part is fastened; through the above operations, the loading assembly 3 and the test assembly 1 are connected together to form a force transmission system;

Step 3: directly overlap the second loading beam 32 on the mounting part 33, and pay attention to centering and leveling the first loading beam 31 and the second loading beam 32 during the overlapping process to ensure uniform transmission of force;

Step 4: Install the loading head 5 on the second loading beam 32. After the installation is completed, control the press to apply pressure to the loading head 5, and accurately measure the pull-out bearing capacity of the group nails through the reading of the press.

In this way, the loading device for the pullout test of this scheme has a simple structure, clear force transmission, and convenient operation.

According to another aspect of the present application, a pullout test system is provided. The pullout test system includes the above-mentioned loader for the pullout test and a press. The press can apply pressure to the loading head 5, and then connect the loading assembly 3 to the connecting portion 12. Force is applied to achieve the group nail pullout test.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit it; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand : It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the various embodiments of the present invention Scope of technical solutions.

Claims (10)

1. The pulling-resistant test loading device is characterized by comprising a test assembly, a support assembly and a loading assembly, wherein the test assembly comprises a concrete block, a connecting part and a plurality of shear nails;

for any one of the plurality of shear pins, one end of the shear pin is fixed to the concrete block, and the other end of the shear pin is fixed to the connecting portion;

the support assembly is connected with the concrete block so as to apply a force to the concrete block in a first direction, the loading assembly is connected with the connecting portion, the loading assembly is capable of applying a force to the connecting portion in a second direction, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

2. The pull-out test loading device of claim 1, further comprising an adapter connected to a side of the connecting portion facing away from the concrete mass, the loading assembly capable of applying a force in the second direction to the connecting portion via the adapter.

3. The pull-out test loading device of claim 2, wherein the loading assembly comprises a first loading beam, a second loading beam, and a mounting portion, the first loading beam and the second loading beam being connected by the mounting portion, the first loading beam being connected with the adapter portion;

in the use state of the pull-out resistance test loading device, the second loading beam is abutted with a press machine, so that the second loading beam is applied with force along the second direction by the press machine.

4. The pull-out test loading device of claim 2, wherein the loading assembly further comprises a fixing portion, the connecting portion and the adapter portion are disposed at intervals along the first direction, the fixing portion connects the connecting portion and the adapter portion, and the loading assembly is connected with a side portion of the adapter portion facing the connecting portion.

5. A pull-out test loading device according to claim 3, wherein one end of the mounting portion is fixed to the second load beam and the other end of the mounting portion is detachably connected to the first load beam.

6. The pull-out test loading device of claim 3, wherein the first loading beam comprises a first loading portion and a second loading portion, the first loading portion intersecting the second loading portion, the second loading beam comprising a third loading portion and a fourth loading portion, the third loading portion intersecting the fourth loading portion;

the number of the mounting parts is four, two ends of the first loading part are respectively connected with two ends of the third loading part through two of the four mounting parts, two ends of the fourth loading part are respectively connected with two ends of the fourth loading part through the other two of the four mounting parts, and the intersection of the third loading part and the fourth loading part is connected with the switching part.

7. The pull-out test loading device of claim 6, further comprising a loading head disposed at an intersection of the first loading portion and the second loading portion, the loading head abutting the press in a use state of the pull-out test loading device.

8. The pull-out test loading device of claim 1, wherein the support assembly comprises a joint and a plurality of support columns, each of the plurality of support columns being connected to the concrete block to support the concrete block, two adjacent support columns of the plurality of support columns each being connected by the joint.

9. The pull-out test loading device of claim 8, wherein the support assembly further comprises a plurality of support shims in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of support columns, any of the plurality of support shims disposed between the support column and the concrete block corresponding to the support shims.

10. A pull-out test apparatus, characterized in that it comprises a pull-out test loading device according to any one of claims 1-9 and a press capable of exerting a force in the second direction on the connection via the loading assembly.

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