CN219161833U - Pulling-resistant test loading device and pulling-resistant test equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a pulling-resistant test loading device and pulling-resistant test equipment, and relates to the field of bridge engineering. The pulling-resistant test loading device comprises a test assembly, a supporting assembly and a loading assembly, wherein the test assembly comprises a concrete block, a connecting part and a plurality of shear nails, one end of each shear nail of the plurality of shear nails is fixed on the concrete block, and the other end of each shear nail is fixed on the connecting part; the support component is connected with the concrete block so as to apply force along a first direction to the concrete block, the loading component is connected with the connecting part, and the loading component can apply force along a second direction to the connecting part, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction. The pulling-resistant test loading device can solve the problem that the clamp can only test the pulling-resistant bearing capacity of a single shear pin, and realizes the test of the pulling-resistant bearing capacity of the group pins; meanwhile, the problem that the clamping part of the clamp of the shear pin is damaged at first when the furniture is used is solved, and the accuracy of test data is guaranteed.

Description

Pulling-resistant test loading device and pulling-resistant test equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of bridge engineering, in particular to a pulling-resistant test loading device and pulling-resistant test equipment.

Background

Steel and concrete are the two most commonly used building materials in civil engineering, and have respective advantages and disadvantages; the concrete has good durability, good fire resistance, economy, easy forming, but poor tensile capacity; the steel has high strength and light dead weight, but is easy to be unstable and rust; the steel is placed in the tension zone, the concrete is placed in the compression zone, the advantages of the two materials are brought into play to the greatest extent, the dead weight is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

For steel-concrete composite structures, the connection between the concrete and the steel is a tie that allows them to function together; the shear force nail can transfer shear force along the longitudinal direction, limit the interface sliding of concrete and steel, and prevent the concrete slab and steel from separating in the longitudinal direction, guarantee the two atress jointly.

At present, the main method for researching the pulling resistance of the quasi-static shear pin is a pulling resistance test of the quasi-static shear pin, namely, the shear pin is clamped by a clamp, and then the clamp is pulled to conduct the pulling resistance test, so that the clamping position of the clamp of the shear pin is damaged firstly easily, and test data are deviated. In addition, the test method can only test the anti-pulling bearing capacity of a single shear pin connector, and cannot be applied to a group pin anti-pulling experiment.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, this application provides a pull-out test loading device and pull-out test equipment, and pull-out test loading device includes test subassembly, supporting component and loading subassembly, and test subassembly includes concrete block, connecting portion and a plurality of shear force nail, and the one end of arbitrary shear force nail is fixed in the concrete block, and the other end is fixed in connecting portion. The support component is connected with the concrete block so as to apply force along a first direction to the concrete block, the loading component is connected with the connecting part, and the loading component can apply force along a second direction to the connecting part, wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction. The plurality of shear nails are connected with the same connecting part, so that the loading assembly can apply force along the second direction to the plurality of shear nails through the connecting part, the problem that the existing clamp can only test the anti-pulling bearing capacity of a single shear nail is solved, and the anti-pulling bearing capacity of the group nails is realized; meanwhile, the loading assembly applies force to a plurality of shear nails through the connecting part, the loading assembly can not directly apply force to the shear nails, the problem that the clamping positions of the shear nails are damaged at first easily due to the fact that the pulling resistance test is directly carried out after the shear nails are clamped by the clamp is solved, and the accuracy of test data is guaranteed.

According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a pull-out test loading device comprising a test assembly, a support assembly and a loading assembly, the test assembly comprising a concrete block, a connection portion and a plurality of shear pins;

for any one of the plurality of shear pins, one end of the shear pin is fixed to the concrete block, and the other end of the shear pin is fixed to the connecting portion;

the support assembly is connected with the concrete block so as to apply a force to the concrete block in a first direction, the loading assembly is connected with the connecting portion, the loading assembly is capable of applying a force to the connecting portion in a second direction, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

Preferably, the pull-out test loading device further comprises a transfer part connected with a side of the connecting part facing away from the concrete block, and the loading assembly is capable of applying a force in the second direction to the connecting part via the transfer part.

Preferably, the loading assembly comprises a first loading beam, a second loading beam and a mounting part, wherein the first loading beam is connected with the second loading beam through the mounting part, and the first loading beam is connected with the switching part;

in the use state of the pull-out resistance test loading device, the second loading beam is abutted with a press machine, so that the second loading beam is applied with force along the second direction by the press machine.

Preferably, the loading assembly further comprises a fixing portion, the connecting portion and the adapting portion are arranged at intervals along the first direction, the fixing portion is connected with the connecting portion and the adapting portion, and the loading assembly is connected with the side portion, facing the connecting portion, of the adapting portion.

Preferably, one end of the mounting portion is fixed to the second load beam, and the other end of the mounting portion is detachably connected to the first load beam.

Preferably, the first loading beam includes a first loading portion and a second loading portion, the first loading portion intersecting the second loading portion, the second loading beam includes a third loading portion and a fourth loading portion, the third loading portion intersecting the fourth loading portion; the number of the mounting parts is four, two ends of the first loading part are respectively connected with two ends of the third loading part through two of the four mounting parts, two ends of the fourth loading part are respectively connected with two ends of the fourth loading part through the other two of the four mounting parts, and the intersection of the third loading part and the fourth loading part is connected with the switching part.

Preferably, the pull-out resistance test loading device further comprises a loading head, the loading head is arranged at the intersection of the first loading part and the second loading part, and in the use state of the pull-out resistance test loading device, the loading head is abutted with the press.

Preferably, the support assembly comprises a joint portion and a plurality of support columns, wherein the support columns are connected with the concrete block so as to support the concrete block, and two adjacent support columns in the support columns are connected through the joint portion.

Preferably, the support assembly further comprises a plurality of support gaskets, the support gaskets are in one-to-one correspondence with the support columns, and any one of the support gaskets is arranged between the support column corresponding to the support gasket and the concrete block.

According to another aspect of the present application there is provided a pull-out test apparatus comprising a pull-out test loading device as described above and a press capable of applying a force in the second direction to the connection via the loading assembly.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a pullout test loading apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a support assembly;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of a support assembly to a test assembly;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a loading assembly;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the adaptor and the test assembly;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the connection of a loading assembly to a test assembly.

Icon: 1-a test assembly; 11-concrete blocks; 12-connecting part; 13-shear pins; 2-a support assembly; 21-a junction; 22-supporting columns; 23-supporting a gasket; 3-loading the assembly; 31-a first load beam; 311-a first loading section; 312-a second loading section; 32-a second load beam; 321-a third loading section; 322-fourth loading section; 33-an installation part; 34-a fixing part; 4-an adapter; 5-loading head; 6-a screw;

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in obtaining a thorough understanding of the methods, apparatus, and/or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatuses, and/or systems described herein will be apparent after an understanding of the present disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely an example, and is not limited to the order set forth herein, but rather, obvious variations may be made upon an understanding of the present disclosure, other than operations that must occur in a specific order. In addition, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted for the sake of clarity and conciseness.

The features described herein may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided solely to illustrate some of the many possible ways of implementing the methods, devices, and/or systems described herein that will be apparent after a review of the disclosure of the present application.

In the entire specification, when an element (such as a layer, region or substrate) is described as being "on", "connected to", "bonded to", "over" or "covering" another element, it may be directly "on", "connected to", "bonded to", "over" or "covering" another element or there may be one or more other elements interposed therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," directly connected to, "or" directly coupled to, "another element, directly on," or "directly covering" the other element, there may be no other element intervening therebetween.

As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any one of the listed items of interest and any combination of any two or more.

Although terms such as "first," "second," and "third" may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers or sections should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first member, component, region, layer or section discussed in examples described herein could also be termed a second member, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the examples.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above … …," "upper," "below … …," and "lower" may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "upper" relative to another element would then be oriented "below" or "lower" relative to the other element. Thus, the term "above … …" includes both orientations "above … …" and "below … …" depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be otherwise positioned (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. Singular forms also are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having" are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, operations, elements, and/or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, operations, elements, and/or groups thereof.

Variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Accordingly, the examples described herein are not limited to the particular shapes shown in the drawings, but include changes in shapes that occur during manufacture.

The features of the examples described herein may be combined in various ways that will be apparent after an understanding of the disclosure of the present application. Further, while the examples described herein have a variety of configurations, other configurations are possible as will be apparent after an understanding of the present disclosure.

According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a pull-out resistance test loading device, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the pull-out resistance test loading device includes a test assembly 1, a support assembly 2 and a loading assembly 3, the test assembly 1 includes a concrete block 11, a connection portion 12 and a plurality of shear nails 13, for any one of the plurality of shear nails 13, one end of the shear nail 13 is fixed to the concrete block 11, and the other end of the shear nail 13 is fixed to the connection portion 12; the support assembly 2 is connected to the concrete block 11 to apply a force to the concrete block 11 in a first direction (in fig. 1 to 6, the first direction is a direction from the bottom up, i.e. opposite to the direction of gravity; the second direction is a direction from the top down, i.e. the direction of gravity), the loading assembly 3 is connected to the connection 12, the loading assembly 3 is capable of applying a force to the connection 12 Shi Jiayan in a second direction, the first direction being opposite to the second direction. The plurality of shear nails 13 are connected with the same connecting part 12, so that the loading assembly 3 can apply force along the second direction to the plurality of shear nails 13 through the connecting part 12, the problem that only the pulling-resistant bearing capacity of a single shear nail 13 can be tested by using a clamp is solved, and the pulling-resistant bearing capacity of group nails is realized; meanwhile, the loading assembly 3 applies force to the shear nails 13 through the connecting part 12, the loading assembly 3 can not directly apply force to the shear nails 13, the problem that the clamp clamping positions of the shear nails 13 are damaged at first easily due to the fact that the pulling-resistant test is directly carried out after the clamp clamps the shear nails 13 is solved, and the accuracy of test data is guaranteed.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5 (the concrete block 11 is not shown in fig. 5, the connecting portion 12 is not shown in fig. 3), the heads of the shear nails 13 are buried in the concrete block 11, the root portions of the shear nails 13 are welded on the connecting portion 12, the connecting portion 12 is positioned below the shear nails 13, the concrete block 11 is positioned above the shear nails 13 when the shear nail group nail pull-out test is performed, the support assembly 2 is connected with the concrete block 11, and a force in a first direction is applied to the concrete block 11; the loading assembly 3 is connected to the connecting portion 12 and applies a force in the second direction to the connecting portion 12, so that a pull-out test of the group nails can be achieved.

It should be noted that, the first direction is not limited to the direction opposite to the gravity direction, for example, the first direction may be a horizontal right direction, and at this time, the concrete block and the connection portion are disposed at intervals along the horizontal direction, and the support assembly is connected to the left side of the concrete block to support the concrete block; the urging member urges the connecting portion horizontally leftward, and in this case, the pull-out test can be performed.

Alternatively, the connection portion 12 may be a connection plate or a connection block or the like.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the loading device for the pulling test further includes a switching portion 4, the switching portion 4 is connected with a side portion (a lower side portion in fig. 5 and 6) of the connecting portion 12, which is opposite to the concrete block 11, when the press machine applies pressure to the loading assembly 3, the loading assembly 3 can apply force to the switching portion 4, and further apply force along the second direction to the connecting portion 12 and the plurality of shear nails 13 connected to the connecting portion 12, so that the conversion from pressure to tensile force is achieved, the risk that the shear nails 13 are damaged is further reduced, and the accuracy of the pulling test data is ensured.

Optionally, the adapter 4 is an adapter plate.

Further, the connecting portion 12 and the adapting portion 4 are disposed at intervals along the first direction, the loading assembly 3 further includes a fixing portion 34, the connecting portion 12 and the adapting portion 4 are connected by the fixing portion 34, and the loading assembly 3 is connected to a side portion (an upper side portion in fig. 5 and 6) of the adapting portion 4 facing the connecting portion 12, so that the force application mechanism can be facilitated to apply force to the connecting portion 12. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the fixing portion 34 may be a stud and a nut engaged with the stud; the connecting part 12 and the connecting part 12 can be two square plates with the same size, four holes are formed in four corners of the switching part 4, holes corresponding to the four holes in the switching part 4 are formed in four corners of the connecting part 12, the connecting part 4 and the connecting part 12 are penetrated through the holes in the switching part 4 and the connecting part 12 through studs, and the connecting between the switching part 4 and the connecting part 12 can be realized through fastening by nuts.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the loading unit includes a first loading beam 31, a second loading beam 32, and a mounting unit 33, the first loading beam 31 and the second loading beam 32 are connected by the mounting unit 33, the first loading beam 31 is connected to the upper side of the adapter unit 4, the second loading beam 32 is located above the concrete block 11, and the second loading beam 32 can be abutted against the press. The second load beam 32 is located above the concrete block 11, and the second load beam 32 can be easily biased. When the pulling-resistant test is performed, the press machine applies force to the second loading beam 32, so that the force is transmitted to the plurality of shear nails 13 through the mounting part 33, the second loading beam 32, the switching part 4 and the connecting part 12, and the pulling-resistant test of the group nails is further realized.

Further, the lower end of the mounting portion 33 is fixed to the second loading beam 32, and the upper end of the mounting portion 33 is detachably connected to the first loading beam 31, so that the first loading beam 31 can be detached when the concrete block 11 is mounted and detached, and thus, the mounting of the concrete block 11 can be facilitated.

Preferably, the lower end of the mounting portion 33 may be welded to the first load beam 31, thus ensuring the stability of the load assembly 3 and the normal transmission of force. The second load beam 32 may be mounted only on the mounting portion 33, so that the second load beam 32 can be easily detached.

Further, the first loading beam 31 includes a first loading portion 311 and a second loading portion 312, the first loading portion 311 and the second loading portion 312 intersect, the second loading beam 32 includes a third loading portion 321 and a fourth loading portion 322, the third loading portion 321 is parallel to the first loading portion 311, and the fourth loading portion 322 is parallel to the second loading portion 312. The number of the mounting portions 33 is four, both ends of the first loading portion 311 are connected to the third loading portion 321 by two mounting portions 33, both ends of the second loading portion 312 are connected to both ends of the fourth loading portion 322 by another two mounting portions 33, and the intersection of the first loading portion 311 and the second loading portion 312 can be abutted against the press. The end of the first loading part 311 is connected with the end of the second loading part 312, so that sufficient space is provided between the first loading part 311 and the second loading part 312, and thus, when the test assembly 1 is manufactured, the number and the positions of the shear nails 13 to be tested can be reasonably adjusted according to the area of the connecting part 12, thereby more accurately simulating the drawing force suffered by the group nails in actual engineering.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the intersection of the first loading portion 311 and the second loading portion 312 may abut against the press machine so that the press machine applies a force to the first loading beam 31 through the intersection of the first loading portion 311 and the second loading portion 312, and the intersection of the third loading portion 321 and the fourth loading portion 322 is connected to the adapter portion 4 through the screw 6. When the press machine applies force to the intersection of the first loading portion 311 and the second loading portion 312, the force can be uniformly distributed to four endpoints of the first loading portion 311 and the second loading portion 312, and then transferred to four endpoints of the third loading portion 321 and the fourth loading portion 322 through the mounting portion 33, and the intersection of the third loading portion 321 and the fourth loading portion 322 is connected with the switching portion 4, so that the stress concentration of the switching portion 4 can be avoided, and the risk of damage to the switching portion 4 is reduced.

Alternatively, the first loading part 311, the second loading part 312, the third loading part 321, the fourth loading part 322, and the mounting part 33 may be formed steel, such as i-steel, square steel, or T-steel.

As shown in fig. 1, the pull-out resistance test loading device further includes a loading head 5, and the loading head 5 is disposed at the intersection of the first loading portion 311 and the second loading portion 312 and protrudes upward with respect to the first loading portion 311 and the second loading portion 312. In the use state of the pulling-resistant test loading device, a pressure head of a press is abutted with the first loading beam 31 through the loading head 5, and the press applies force to the loading assembly 3 through the loading head 5 so as to apply force to the test assembly 1, so that the pulling-resistant test of the group nails is realized.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the support assembly 2 includes a joint portion 21 and a plurality of support columns 22, each of the plurality of support columns 22 being connected to the concrete block 11 to support the concrete block 11, and two adjacent support columns 22 among the plurality of support columns 22 being connected by the joint portion 21. Alternatively, the number of the support columns 22 is four, and the four support columns 22 support four corners of the concrete block 11 in a cube shape, respectively.

Further, the support assembly 2 further comprises a plurality of support gaskets 23, the support gaskets 23 are in one-to-one correspondence with the support pillars 22, and the support gaskets 23 are arranged between any support pillar 22 and the concrete block 11, so that the concrete block 11 can be prevented from being damaged in advance due to the profit concentration in the test process, and the accuracy of the pulling-resistant test data of the group nails is ensured.

The implementation steps of the pulling-resistant test loading device are as follows:

step one: manufacturing a test member; the root of the shear pin 13 is welded on the connecting part 12, then the head of the shear pin 13 is pre-buried in the concrete block 11 template, concrete is poured, curing and forming are carried out, and the connection between the concrete block 11 and the shear pin 13 is completed;

step two: the loading assembly 3 is installed; the first loading beam 31 and the mounting part 33 are welded and connected, then the adapter part 4 is fixed at the intersection of the first loading part 311 and the second loading part 312 of the first loading beam 31 by using the screw 6, and after the connection of the first loading beam 31 and the second loading part 312 is realized, the adapter part is hoisted to the support component 2 by using a crane;

step three: placing the concrete block 11 on a support gasket 23 of the support assembly 2, adjusting the position of the loading part according to the height of the connecting part 12 and the positions of the holes reserved at four corners, and fastening the connecting part 12 and the loading part through the mounting part 33 after adjusting properly; through the operation, the loading assembly 3 and the test assembly 1 are connected together to form a force transmission system;

step three: the second loading beam 32 is directly lapped on the mounting part 33, and the first loading beam 31 and the second loading beam 32 are centered and leveled in the lapping process, so that the uniform transmission of force is ensured;

step four: the loading head 5 is arranged on the second loading beam 32, after the loading head is arranged, the press is controlled to apply pressure to the loading head 5, and the drawing bearing capacity of the group nails is accurately measured through press reading.

Therefore, the pulling-resistant test loading device of the scheme is simple in structure, clear in force transmission and convenient to operate.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a pull-out test system comprising the pull-out test loading device and a press as described above, the press being capable of applying pressure to the loading head 5 and thereby to apply a force to the connecting portion 12 by the loading assembly 3 to effect a group nail pull-out test.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The pulling-resistant test loading device is characterized by comprising a test assembly, a support assembly and a loading assembly, wherein the test assembly comprises a concrete block, a connecting part and a plurality of shear nails;

for any one of the plurality of shear pins, one end of the shear pin is fixed to the concrete block, and the other end of the shear pin is fixed to the connecting portion;

the support assembly is connected with the concrete block so as to apply a force to the concrete block in a first direction, the loading assembly is connected with the connecting portion, the loading assembly is capable of applying a force to the connecting portion in a second direction, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

2. The pull-out test loading device of claim 1, further comprising an adapter connected to a side of the connecting portion facing away from the concrete mass, the loading assembly capable of applying a force in the second direction to the connecting portion via the adapter.

3. The pull-out test loading device of claim 2, wherein the loading assembly comprises a first loading beam, a second loading beam, and a mounting portion, the first loading beam and the second loading beam being connected by the mounting portion, the first loading beam being connected with the adapter portion;

in the use state of the pull-out resistance test loading device, the second loading beam is abutted with a press machine, so that the second loading beam is applied with force along the second direction by the press machine.

4. The pull-out test loading device of claim 2, wherein the loading assembly further comprises a fixing portion, the connecting portion and the adapter portion are disposed at intervals along the first direction, the fixing portion connects the connecting portion and the adapter portion, and the loading assembly is connected with a side portion of the adapter portion facing the connecting portion.

5. A pull-out test loading device according to claim 3, wherein one end of the mounting portion is fixed to the second load beam and the other end of the mounting portion is detachably connected to the first load beam.

6. The pull-out test loading device of claim 3, wherein the first loading beam comprises a first loading portion and a second loading portion, the first loading portion intersecting the second loading portion, the second loading beam comprising a third loading portion and a fourth loading portion, the third loading portion intersecting the fourth loading portion;

the number of the mounting parts is four, two ends of the first loading part are respectively connected with two ends of the third loading part through two of the four mounting parts, two ends of the fourth loading part are respectively connected with two ends of the fourth loading part through the other two of the four mounting parts, and the intersection of the third loading part and the fourth loading part is connected with the switching part.

7. The pull-out test loading device of claim 6, further comprising a loading head disposed at an intersection of the first loading portion and the second loading portion, the loading head abutting the press in a use state of the pull-out test loading device.

8. The pull-out test loading device of claim 1, wherein the support assembly comprises a joint and a plurality of support columns, each of the plurality of support columns being connected to the concrete block to support the concrete block, two adjacent support columns of the plurality of support columns each being connected by the joint.

9. The pull-out test loading device of claim 8, wherein the support assembly further comprises a plurality of support shims in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of support columns, any of the plurality of support shims disposed between the support column and the concrete block corresponding to the support shims.

10. A pull-out test apparatus, characterized in that it comprises a pull-out test loading device according to any one of claims 1-9 and a press capable of exerting a force in the second direction on the connection via the loading assembly.

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