CN219126267U - Interventional needle for hard endoscope and hard endoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an interventional needle for a hard endoscope and a hard endoscope. An interventional needle for a hard endoscope comprises a needle body configured to be percutaneously insertable into a living body, wherein the needle body has a hollow structure to provide a working channel inside the needle body, the working channel being arranged eccentrically in the needle body with respect to a central axis of the needle body.

Description

Interventional needle for hard endoscope and hard endoscope

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of medical instruments, and more particularly, to an interventional needle for a hard endoscope and a hard endoscope.

Background

A rigid endoscope is a non-flexible endoscope that is primarily passed through a surgical incision into a body cavity of a living body and is useful for intraoperative imaging in minimally invasive surgery. Before a doctor observes a target site (for example, a lesion site such as a tumor) in a patient using an existing hard endoscope, it is necessary to inflate the patient with a gas (usually carbon dioxide) to form an artificial air chamber (for example, pneumothorax in thoracic examination, pneumoperitoneum in abdominal examination, etc.) to expand an operation space. However, the doctor can observe only the surface features of the target site, but cannot observe the deep structure of the target site. In addition, when a doctor uses a hard endoscope to carry an interventional needle or an interventional instrument such as a component thereof (such as but not limited to a percutaneous puncture needle kit) into a patient to perform an interventional diagnosis and treatment operation such as puncture on a target site, the operation freedom of the interventional needle may be limited by the attachment between the interventional needle and the hard endoscope, and the actual needle insertion position of the interventional needle may deviate from the view of the hard endoscope to some extent, and the interventional needle usually enters a deeper position in the patient, so that the doctor operating the interventional needle cannot directly see the position of the interventional needle, and cannot accurately grasp the instantaneous situation in the patient in time, which makes it difficult to make reliable judgment and decision in time, and thus cannot efficiently perform diagnosis and treatment during the interventional operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The following presents a simplified summary of the disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosure. However, it should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the disclosure. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the disclosure or to delineate the scope of the disclosure. Its purpose is to present some concepts related to the disclosure in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an interventional needle for a hard endoscope, wherein the interventional needle comprises a needle body configured to be percutaneously insertable into a living body, wherein the needle body has a hollow structure to provide a working channel inside the needle body, the working channel being arranged eccentrically in the needle body with respect to a central axis of the needle body.

In some embodiments, in a cross-section of the interventional needle, a minimum distance between an outer circumferential surface of the working channel and an outer circumferential surface of the needle body may not exceed 0.1mm.

In some embodiments, the interventional needle may include at least one imaging fiber optic bundle disposed in the needle body and extending longitudinally along a central axis of the needle body, a front fiber optic end face of the at least one imaging fiber optic bundle being located at a front end face of the needle body, wherein the at least one imaging fiber optic bundle is configured to emit imaging probe light toward and receive imaging response light from a target site within the living body to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

In some embodiments, each of the at least one imaging fiber bundles may be configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site, and each of the at least one imaging fiber bundles has an objective lens attached at its front fiber end face that is comparable in size to the imaging fiber bundle.

In some embodiments, the at least one imaging fiber bundle may include two or more imaging fiber bundles arranged in the needle body symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the needle body, so as to determine a deviation of a needle insertion direction of the needle body with respect to a central direction of the target site based on a distribution of signal intensities of the imaging response light among the two or more imaging fiber bundles.

In some embodiments, the at least one imaging fiber bundle may include a first set of imaging fiber bundles configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and a second set of imaging fiber bundles configured to receive imaging response light from the target site, one or more of the first set of imaging fiber bundles being positioned adjacent to a corresponding one or more of the second set of imaging fiber bundles, and each of the second set of imaging fiber bundles having an objective lens at a front fiber end face thereof that is commensurate with the imaging fiber bundle in size.

In some embodiments, in a cross-section of the interventional needle, an outer peripheral surface of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle may be no more than 0.1mm from an outer peripheral surface of the working channel.

In some embodiments, the maximum value of the outer diameter of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle may be at least 90% of the difference between the outer diameter of the needle and the outer diameter of the working channel.

In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further comprise one or more illumination fibers disposed in the needle body and extending longitudinally along a central axis of the needle body, a front fiber end face of the one or more illumination fibers being located at a front end face of the needle body, wherein the one or more illumination fibers are configured for illuminating a target site within the living body.

In some embodiments, the one or more illumination fibers may include a plurality of illumination fibers configured to emit illumination light having wavelengths different from each other.

In some embodiments, the working channel may be configured to perform at least one of the following operations: delivering the medical device; delivering a drug; sucking waste liquid; delivering the cleaning solution.

In some embodiments, at least one backup channel may be provided inside the needle body, the at least one backup channel configured to perform at least one of the following operations: delivering the medical device; delivering a drug; sucking waste liquid; delivering the cleaning solution.

In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further comprise: one or more sets of sensing fibers disposed in the needle and extending longitudinally along a central axis of the needle such that a front fiber end face of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is located at the front end face of the needle, wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is for sensing a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the living being, each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers comprising a probe having a photoluminescent material at its front fiber end face, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the respective one of the parameters, and wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emission light from the photoluminescent material so as to determine the respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the living being based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material.

In some embodiments, the one or more sets of sensing fibers may include one or more of the following: a first set of sensing fibers including one or more first sensing fibers for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the living body, a probe of each first sensing fiber of the first set of sensing fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a change in temperature; a second set of sensing fibers including one or more second sensing fibers for sensing an oxygen concentration of a microenvironment inside the living body, a probe of each second sensing fiber of the second set of sensing fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing fibers including one or more third sensing fibers for sensing a ph value of a microenvironment inside the living body, a probe of each third sensing fiber of the third set of sensing fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the ph value.

In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further comprise an inner needle removably disposed within the working channel of the needle body, the inner needle being operable to enter inside the target site when the needle body is navigated at or near the target site.

In some embodiments, the inner needle may include one or more imaging fiber bundles disposed in the inner needle, the one or more imaging fiber bundles extending longitudinally along a central axis of the inner needle and having a front fiber end face located at or near a front end face of the inner needle, each of the one or more imaging fiber bundles having an objective lens attached at its front fiber end face comparable in size to the imaging fiber bundle, wherein the one or more imaging fiber bundles are configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

In some embodiments, the inner needle may comprise one or more sets of sensing fibers arranged in the inner needle, the one or more sets of sensing fibers extending longitudinally along a central axis of the inner needle and having a front fiber end face located at or near a front end face of the inner needle, wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is for sensing a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site, each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers comprises a probe having a photoluminescent material at its front fiber end face, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation of the respective one of the parameters, and wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is configured to transmit excitation light towards the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emission light from the photoluminescent material so as to determine the respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material.

In some embodiments, the one or more sets of sensing fibers may include one or more of the following: a first set of sensing fibers including one or more first sensing fibers for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site, a probe of each first sensing fiber of the first set of sensing fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a change in temperature; a second set of sensing fibers including one or more second sensing fibers for sensing an oxygen concentration of a microenvironment inside the target site, a probe of each second sensing fiber of the second set of sensing fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation in oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing fibers including one or more third sensing fibers for sensing a ph value of a microenvironment inside the target site, a probe of each third sensing fiber of the third set of sensing fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the ph value.

In some embodiments, each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers may be disposed in the inner needle rotationally symmetrically about the central axis of the inner needle, and wherein the inner needle may have a hollow channel for injecting a chemical ablative drug to the target site.

In some embodiments, the inner needle may be configured for thermal ablation of the target site and comprise one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers arranged in the inner needle, the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers extending longitudinally along a central axis of the inner needle and a front fiber optic end face of each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers being located at a respective one cross section of the inner needle between the front end face and the rear end face, wherein each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers is configured for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site, each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers comprising a probe with photoluminescent material at its front fiber optic end face, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a change in temperature, and wherein each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers is configured to transmit photoluminescent light towards the probe and receive photoluminescent light from the photoluminescent material to determine the photoluminescent material based on the photoluminescent material inside the target site.

In some embodiments, a first set of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers may be closer to the front face of the inner needle than a second set of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers, and the temperature sensing fiber density of the first set of temperature sensing fibers is greater than the temperature sensing fiber density of the second set of temperature sensing fibers, the temperature sensing fiber density being the ratio of the number of sets of temperature sensing fibers to the area of the inner needle cross section where the front fiber face of the set of temperature sensing fibers is located.

In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further include a navigation fiber optic bundle disposed in the needle body, the navigation fiber optic bundle extending longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body and having a front fiber end face located at a front end face of the needle body, wherein the navigation fiber optic bundle is configured to emit navigation probe light into the living body and receive navigation response light derived from the navigation probe light, so as to locate and distinguish a site inside the living body that is not desired to be penetrated by the interventional needle based on the navigation response light.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a hard endoscope is provided, comprising an interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to any one of the embodiments of the foregoing aspects of the present disclosure.

Other features of the present disclosure and its advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. The embodiments set forth in the drawings are illustrative and exemplary in nature and are not intended to limit the disclosure. The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments will be clearly understood when read in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein like structure is indicated with like reference numerals, and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a top view schematically illustrating an interventional needle for a hard endoscope in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a side view schematically illustrating an interventional needle for a hard endoscope in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram schematically illustrating an imaging fiber bundle in an interventional needle for a hard endoscope in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIGS. 4A-4C schematically illustrate several example arrangements of imaging fiber bundles for an interventional needle of a hard endoscope in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively;

FIG. 5 is a top view schematically illustrating an interventional needle for a hard endoscope in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a top view schematically illustrating an interventional needle for a hard endoscope in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a top view schematically illustrating an interventional needle for a hard endoscope in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a structural diagram schematically illustrating a sensing fiber in an interventional needle for a hard endoscope in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

9A-9C illustrate several example photoluminescent materials used by probes of sensing fibers in interventional needles for hard endoscopes in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a top view schematically illustrating one example inner needle of an interventional needle for a hard endoscope in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 is a top view schematically illustrating another example inner needle of an interventional needle for a hard endoscope in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 12A and 12B are top and side views, respectively, schematically illustrating yet another example inner needle of an interventional needle for a hard endoscope in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless it is specifically stated otherwise.

The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. That is, the structures and methods herein are shown by way of example to illustrate different embodiments of the structures and methods in this disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that they are merely illustrative of the exemplary ways in which the disclosure may be practiced, and not exhaustive. Moreover, the figures are not necessarily to scale, some features may be exaggerated to show details of particular components.

In addition, techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate.

In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

In interventional procedures for patients, a physician may use a hard endoscope to carry an interventional needle into the patient and use the hard endoscope to image the environment within the patient to direct the physician to bring the interventional needle into proximity with a target site within the patient (e.g., a lesion such as a tumor). However, the operational freedom of the interventional needle may be limited by the attachment between the interventional needle and the hard endoscope, and there may also be some deviation of the actual needle insertion position of the interventional needle from the field of view of the hard endoscope, so that the doctor often can grasp the needle insertion direction and position of the interventional needle with respect to the target site only empirically and by hand. Moreover, the existing hard endoscope cannot image the target part in situ and in real time and monitor the micro-environment conditions inside and outside the target part, and further cannot provide useful reference information for the instant diagnosis and treatment decision of doctors.

To this end, the present disclosure provides an interventional needle for a hard endoscope (hereinafter simply referred to as an interventional needle) having a working channel eccentrically arranged within a needle body of the interventional needle, whereby a spatial layout of constituent parts of the interventional needle can be optimized and thus an internal space of the interventional needle can be advantageously saved, thereby facilitating a miniaturized design of the interventional needle. The miniaturized interventional needle, when used with existing hard endoscopes, is less susceptible to the limitation of the attachment between the interventional needle and the hard endoscope, and the deviation between the actual needle insertion position of the interventional needle and the field of view of the hard endoscope is also smaller. Furthermore, the interventional needle according to the present disclosure may have an optical imaging function so that the inside of a living body or even the inside of a target site can be directly imaged using the interventional needle itself, and thus the interventional needle having the optical imaging function may be used as a part of a hard endoscope, eliminating the need for attachment with the hard endoscope so as to have a higher degree of freedom of operation, and the actual needle insertion position of the interventional needle becomes coincident with the view field, not only the surface feature of the target site but also the deep feature of the target site can be observed. In addition, the interventional needle can have an optical real-time navigation function to efficiently guide the needle insertion process of the interventional needle, and can avoid important parts such as blood vessels, organs and the like to be protected in the process that the interventional needle enters a living body to reach a target part through skin. Furthermore, the interventional needle according to the present disclosure may also have a microenvironment in-situ real-time sensing function, which is capable of sensing various parameters of the microenvironment and distribution thereof in the living body in-situ and in real time during percutaneous access of the interventional needle to the target site and after access of the interventional needle to the target site, thereby providing a great amount of useful reference information for real-time diagnosis and treatment decisions of doctors.

Interventional needles according to various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated that other components may also be present with an actual interventional needle, and that the figures are not shown and other components are not discussed herein in order to avoid obscuring the gist of the present disclosure. It should also be noted that in this context reference is made to the side closer to the target site than to the operator (typically a physician), and reference is made to the side closer to the operator than to the target site than to the operator.

Fig. 1 and 2 schematically illustrate an interventional needle 100 for a hard endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein fig. 1 is a top view illustrating the interventional needle 100 as viewed from front to back, and fig. 2 is a side view illustrating the interventional needle 100 as viewed in a direction perpendicular to the front to back direction.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, interventional needle 100 includes a needle body 102. The needle body 102 may be configured to be percutaneously insertable into a living body (e.g., a human body, an animal body), and has a front end surface 102-1 and a rear end surface 102-2 opposite the front end surface 102-1. Needle 102 may be constructed of any suitable material, such as biomedical metal materials including, but not limited to, one or more of stainless steel, synthetic fibers, carbon fibers, titanium alloys, gold, silver, and the like. The needle body 102 may have a hollow structure to provide a working channel 102-4 inside the needle body 102. In some embodiments, working channel 102-4 may be configured to perform at least one of the following operations: delivering a drug (e.g., a drug for treatment/hemostasis, etc.); delivering a cleaning fluid (e.g., physiological saline, etc. for cleaning dirt/cleaning sore surfaces, etc.); aspiration of waste fluids (e.g., dirty wash fluid, spilled blood, etc.); delivering a medical device (e.g., an inner needle described below).

As can be clearly seen in fig. 1, the working channel 102-4 is arranged eccentrically in the needle body 102 with respect to the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102. Here, "eccentrically disposed" may be understood as: in a cross section of the interventional needle 100, a central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102 is arranged offset from a central axis 102-40 of the working channel 102-4. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102 and the central axis 102-40 of the working channel 102-4 may be arranged offset such that the outer circumferential surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 is arranged approximately tangentially to the outer circumferential surface 102-5 of the needle body 102. Here, the minimum distance between the outer peripheral surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 and the outer peripheral surface 102-5 of the needle body 102 may be, for example, not more than 0.1mm, or not more than 0.15mm, or not more than 0.2mm, or not more than 0.25mm, or not more than 0.3mm, or not more than 0.35mm, or the like. By the eccentric arrangement of the working channel 102-4 in the needle body 102, other constituent components of the interventional needle 100 (e.g. the illumination fiber 103, the imaging fiber bundle 104, the navigation fiber bundle 105, the sensing fiber 106, the backup channel 107, which will be described below) may be arranged centrally on the side of the needle body 102 remote from the working channel 102-4. Thereby, the spatial layout of the constituent parts of the interventional needle 100 can be optimized such that the eccentrically arranged working channel 102-4 can have a larger cross-sectional area and thus can provide a larger operating space than the centrally arranged working channel in the needle body 102, with the other constituent parts of the interventional needle 100 and their dimensions remaining unchanged. From another perspective, with the cross-sectional area of the working channel 102-4 remaining unchanged, the needle body 102 of the access needle 100 may be constructed smaller, which facilitates a miniaturized design of the access needle 100. When used with existing hard endoscopes, the miniaturized interventional needle 100 is less susceptible to the limitation of the attachment between the interventional needle 100 and the hard endoscope in terms of its operational degrees of freedom, and the deviation between the actual needle insertion position of the interventional needle 100 and the field of view of the hard endoscope is smaller, whereby interventional procedures can be performed more accurately.

It will be appreciated that while fig. 1 illustrates the cross-sectional shape of the needle 102 and working channel 102-4 as circular, this is merely exemplary and not limiting, and that the needle 102 and working channel 102-4 may have any suitable cross-sectional shape. Furthermore, while the outer circumferential surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 is disposed approximately tangentially to the outer circumferential surface 102-5 of the needle body 102 in FIG. 1, this is merely exemplary and not limiting, and the working channel 102-4 may be disposed in other locations of the needle body 102 as desired.

In some embodiments, interventional needle 100 may also include at least one imaging fiber optic bundle 104. Each imaging fiber bundle 104 may include a plurality of optical fibers in a bundle. The at least one imaging fiber optic bundle 104 is disposed in the needle 102 and extends longitudinally along the central axis 102-0 of the needle 102. For example, as shown in fig. 1, interventional needle 100 includes five imaging fiber bundles 104A-104e, some of which have different sizes, but this is merely exemplary and not limiting, and interventional needle 100 may include any suitable number, shape, and/or size of imaging fiber bundles 104, see, for example, fig. 4A-4C, 5-7. Referring to fig. 2, the front fiber end face 104-1 of these imaging fiber bundles 104 is located at the front end face 102-1 of the needle body 102. Note that fig. 2 is a side view looking in a horizontal direction in the plane of illustration of fig. 1, so that the working channel 102-4 in fig. 2 is not actually centrally disposed in the needle body 102 with respect to the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102.

The at least one imaging fiber optic bundle 104 may be configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site in a living body and receive imaging response light from the target site so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light. Thus, the interventional needle 100 can image the inside of a living body with the imaging fiber bundle 104 provided in the needle body 102 to obtain the surface features of the target site. By providing the imaging fiber bundle 104 in the needle body 102, the interventional needle 100 itself may have an optical imaging function, so that imaging can be performed directly with the interventional needle 100 without the need for additional optical imaging components of the hard endoscope. Thus, the interventional needle 100 itself having the optical imaging function can be used as a part of the hard endoscope, eliminating the need for attachment with the hard endoscope, having a higher degree of freedom of operation, and the actual needle insertion position of the interventional needle 100 becomes coincident with the observation field of view, contributing to accurate implementation of interventional diagnosis and treatment operations.

In some embodiments, the imaging response light from the target site may be reflected light of the imaging probe light by the target site. In some embodiments, the imaging response light from the target site may be emitted light emitted by the target site in response to absorbing the imaging probe light. In some examples, a target site may be enriched in photoluminescent material by injection or the like in advance, and then imaging probe light including an excitation wavelength of the photoluminescent material may be emitted to the target site via imaging fiber optic bundle 104 and imaging response light emitted by the target site in response to absorbing the imaging probe light may be received to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 includes two or more imaging fiber bundles 104 disposed in the needle 102 symmetrically about the central axis 102-0 of the needle 102. The symmetrical distribution of the imaging fiber bundles 104 may facilitate determining a deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle 102 relative to the center direction of the target site based on a distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104. The symmetrical distribution of the imaging fiber bundles 104 may be, for example, an axisymmetrical distribution, and more preferably, a rotationally symmetrical distribution. For example, the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 includes two imaging fiber bundles 104c, 104e arranged in the needle 102 rotationally symmetrically about the central axis 102-0 of the needle 102.

In some examples of embodiments in which the imaging response light is reflected light of the target site to the imaging probe light, the wavelength range of the imaging probe light may be determined for characteristic absorption spectral properties of the target site. For example, assuming that the target site has an absorption peak at the location of the first wavelength, imaging probe light including the first wavelength may be emitted to the target site via the imaging fiber bundle 104, and then the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at the location of the first wavelength may be analyzed. If the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the first wavelength is distributed among the two imaging optical fiber bundles 104c, 104e to be stronger at the imaging optical fiber bundle 104c than at the imaging optical fiber bundle 104e, it can be explained that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is biased downward with respect to the center direction of the target site; if the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the first wavelength is distributed among the two imaging optical fiber bundles 104c, 104e so as to be weaker at the imaging optical fiber bundle 104c than at the imaging optical fiber bundle 104e, it can be explained that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is shifted upward with respect to the center direction of the target site; if the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the first wavelength is distributed among the two imaging optical fiber bundles 104c, 104e such that at the imaging optical fiber bundle 104c is equal to that at the imaging optical fiber bundle 104e, it can be explained that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is not deviated from the center direction of the target site in the vertical direction. In some embodiments, the needle 102 may be further rotated 90 degrees to similarly determine whether the needle insertion direction of the needle 102 deviates in the horizontal direction from the center direction of the target portion using the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the first wavelength position among the two imaging fiber bundles 104c, 104e. By analogy, the deviation of the direction of the needle insertion of the needle 102 from the center direction of the target site may be determined based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the two imaging optical fiber bundles 104c, 104e, thereby assisting the doctor in adjusting the direction of the needle insertion of the needle 102 in time, and it may be determined that the direction of the needle insertion of the needle 102 is not deviated from the center direction of the target site when the signal intensity of the imaging response light is uniformly distributed among the two imaging optical fiber bundles 104c, 104e. In some examples, if the target site has absorption peaks at locations of multiple wavelengths, imaging probe light including at least two of the multiple wavelengths may be emitted to the target site via the imaging fiber 104, and then the distribution of the absolute or relative values of the signal intensities of the received imaging response light at the locations of the at least two wavelengths among the two or more imaging fiber 104 may be analyzed. This can help to more accurately determine the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle 102 from the center direction of the target site based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104.

In some examples of embodiments in which the imaging response light is emitted by the target site in response to absorbing the imaging probe light, the target site may be enriched in photoluminescent material by injection or the like in advance, and then imaging probe light including an excitation wavelength of the photoluminescent material may be emitted to the target site via the imaging fiber bundle 104, and then the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at the location of the emission wavelength of the photoluminescent material may be analyzed. Taking the diagnosis and treatment of liver tumors as an example, a doctor is usually required to perform an interventional operation on the liver with the tumor growing thereon, and photoluminescent materials, such as Indocyanine Green (ICG) dyes, are generally injected before the operation. Thus, during the advancement of interventional needle 100 toward a liver tumor, 730nm imaging probe light may be emitted via the imaging fiber bundle for exciting the ICG dye enriched in the liver tumor to emit light, and then the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at the location of the emission wavelength of the ICG dye is analyzed. If the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the emission wavelength is distributed among the two imaging fiber bundles 104c, 104e so as to be stronger at the imaging fiber bundle 104c than at the imaging fiber bundle 104e, it can be said that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is shifted upward with respect to the center direction of the target site; if the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the emission wavelength among the two imaging fiber bundles 104c, 104e is weaker at the imaging fiber bundle 104c than at the imaging fiber bundle 104e, it can be explained that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is biased downward with respect to the center direction of the target site; if the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the emission wavelength among the two imaging fiber bundles 104c, 104e is equal at the imaging fiber bundle 104c to that at the imaging fiber bundle 104e, it can be explained that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is not deviated from the center direction of the target site in the vertical direction. In some embodiments, the needle 102 may be further rotated by 90 degrees to similarly determine whether the needle insertion direction of the needle 102 deviates from the center direction of the target portion in the horizontal direction using the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the emission wavelength among the two imaging optical fiber bundles 104c, 104 e. In some examples, if the target site has emission peaks at locations of multiple wavelengths, the distribution of absolute or relative values of signal intensities of the received imaging response light at locations of at least two of the multiple wavelengths among the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104 may be analyzed. This can help to more accurately determine the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle 102 from the center direction of the target site based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104.

Thus, the interventional needle 100 can also realize an optical real-time navigation function through the imaging optical fiber bundle 104, which not only can help a doctor navigate the interventional needle 100 to the vicinity of a target site, but also can help the doctor confirm whether the needle inserting direction and the position of the interventional needle 100 are proper. Two or more imaging fiber bundles 104 arranged symmetrically may additionally or alternatively perform the following functions: during operation, the field of view of a single imaging fiber bundle 104 may be blocked, so that two or more imaging fiber bundles 104 arranged symmetrically may reduce the likelihood of the field of view being completely blocked, making the operator's field of view more comprehensive, stable, and clear.

Additionally, in some embodiments, each imaging fiber bundle 104 of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 may be configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward and receive imaging response light from a target site within a living body. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, each imaging fiber bundle 104a-104e has both light emitting and light receiving functions. In some embodiments, each imaging fiber bundle 104a-104e may have attached at its front fiber end face 104-1 an objective lens 104-3 that is comparable in size to the imaging fiber bundle. The objective 104-3 may be, for example, a micro objective with a diameter in the range of 0.3mm to 1mm, such as a fisheye lens or the like. FIG. 3 illustrates an example structure of an imaging fiber bundle 104, the imaging fiber bundle 104 having a front fiber end face 104-1 and a rear fiber end face 104-2, and an objective lens 104-3 mounted on the front fiber end face 104-1 for facilitating light collection by the imaging fiber bundle 104. In embodiments where each of the at least one imaging fiber bundles 104 has both light emitting and light receiving functionality, in some examples, some or all of the at least one imaging fiber bundles 104 may be symmetrically (e.g., rotationally symmetrically) disposed in the needle 102 about the central axis 102-0 of the needle 102.

On the other hand, the light emitting function and the light receiving function may be performed by different imaging optical fiber bundles 104, respectively. In some embodiments, the at least one imaging fiber optic bundle 104 may include a first set of imaging fiber optic bundles configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within a living body and a second set of imaging fiber optic bundles configured to receive imaging response light from the target site. That is, the first set of imaging fiber bundles is used to perform light emitting functions, and the second set of imaging fiber bundles is used to perform light receiving functions. For example, referring to FIG. 4A (here, for clarity, the working channel 102-4 is not shown to avoid obscuring the focus herein, and each imaging fiber bundle 104A-104d illustratively has the same shape and size), a first set of imaging fiber bundles may include imaging fiber bundles 104A, 104c (which may be referred to as emission imaging fiber bundles for illustration purposes and indicated by left diagonal hatching in the drawing), and a second set of imaging fiber bundles may include imaging fiber bundles 104b, 104d (which may be referred to as receiving imaging fiber bundles for illustration purposes and indicated by right diagonal hatching in the drawing). The second set of imaging fiber bundles may include at least two imaging fiber bundles. In some examples, some or all of the at least two imaging fiber bundles of the second set of imaging fiber bundles may be symmetrically arranged about the central axis 102-0 of the needle 102, e.g., axisymmetrically or rotationally symmetrically arranged in the needle 102. As described above, the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 from the center direction of the target site may be similarly determined based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the symmetrically arranged imaging optical fiber bundles in the second group of imaging optical fiber bundles, and will not be described here. Each imaging fiber bundle of the second set of imaging fiber bundles may be attached, for example, at its front fiber end face with an objective lens of comparable size to the imaging fiber bundle for facilitating light collection. The number and arrangement of imaging fiber bundles in the first set of imaging fiber bundles may take any suitable configuration. For example, it may be simply determined whether the first group of imaging optical fiber bundles are properly configured in the following manner: the interventional needle 100 is positioned in front of the reflecting mirror perpendicularly to the reflecting mirror, transmits the same intensity of light to each emission imaging fiber bundle in the first group of imaging fiber bundles and determines whether the intensity of the outgoing light from each receiving imaging fiber bundle in the second group of imaging fiber bundles is the same, and if so, the first group of imaging fiber bundles can be considered to be properly arranged. In some examples, the first set of imaging fiber bundles may be configured such that the relative positional relationship of the receiving imaging fiber bundles and the respective transmitting imaging fiber bundles is the same between the respective receiving imaging fiber bundles in the second set of imaging fiber bundles. In some examples, the first set of imaging fiber bundles may be symmetrically distributed on a first circle about the central axis 102-0 of the needle 102 and the second set of imaging fiber bundles may be symmetrically distributed on a second circle concentric with the first circle about the central axis 102-0 of the needle 102. The first circle may have the same diameter as the second circle (i.e., the first and second sets of imaging fiber bundles are each symmetrically distributed on the same circle), for example with reference to fig. 4A and 4B, or the first circle may have a larger or smaller diameter than the second circle, for example with reference to fig. 4C, wherein the first and second circles are indicated by dashed lines in fig. 4A-4C, and the working channel 102-4 is not shown for clarity. In some embodiments, one or more transmitting imaging fiber bundles from a first set of imaging fiber bundles may be positioned adjacent to a corresponding one or more receiving imaging fiber bundles from a second set of imaging fiber bundles. For example, in fig. 4B, each receive imaging fiber bundle is positioned adjacent to a respective two transmit imaging fiber bundles; in fig. 4C, each receive imaging fiber bundle is positioned adjacent to a respective one of the transmit imaging fiber bundles.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, in a cross-section of the interventional needle 100, the outer circumferential surface 104-5 of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundles 104 and the outer circumferential surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 may be arranged in an approximately tangential manner. Here, the minimum distance between the outer circumferential surface 104-5 of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundles 104 and the outer circumferential surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 may be no more than 0.1mm, or no more than 0.15mm, or no more than 0.2mm, or no more than 0.25mm, or no more than 0.3mm, or no more than 0.35mm, etc. Also in some embodiments, in a cross-section of the interventional needle 100, the outer circumferential surface 104-5 of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundles 104 may be arranged approximately tangentially to the outer circumferential surface 102-5 of the needle body 102. Here, the minimum distance between the outer circumferential surface 104-5 of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundles 104 and the outer circumferential surface 102-5 of the needle body 102 may be no more than 0.1mm, or no more than 0.15mm, or no more than 0.2mm, or no more than 0.25mm, or no more than 0.3mm, or no more than 0.35mm, etc. In some embodiments, the maximum value of the outer diameter of each imaging fiber bundle 104 of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 may be at least 86%, at least 88%, at least 90%, at least 92%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% of the difference between the outer diameter of the needle 102 and the outer diameter of the working channel 102-4.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5 (working channel 102-4 not shown for clarity), interventional needle 100 may further include a navigation fiber bundle 105 disposed in needle body 102. The navigation fiber bundle 105 may extend longitudinally along the central axis 102-0 of the needle 102 and have a front fiber end face 105-1 located at the front end face of the needle 102. The navigation fiber bundle 105 may be configured to emit navigation probe light to the inside of the living body and receive navigation response light derived from the navigation probe light, so as to locate and distinguish a site or a critical site inside the living body, such as a blood vessel, an organ, etc., which is not desired to be penetrated by the interventional needle 100, based on the navigation response light, in order to avoid a surgical accident. In some embodiments, the navigation response light may be emitted light of the important parts in response to absorbing the navigation probe light, e.g. different important parts may be enriched in advance with different photoluminescent materials having different emission spectra by means of injection or the like. In some embodiments, the navigation response light may be reflected light of the navigation probe light by the important parts, e.g. different important parts may have different absorption spectra. The navigation probe light including the absorption wavelength unique to each important part may be emitted in turn via the navigation fiber bundle 105 in a polling manner to perform positioning identification for each important part in turn, or the navigation probe light including a plurality of absorption wavelengths common to a plurality of important parts may be emitted via the navigation fiber bundle 105 and the relative values of the signal intensities of the received navigation response light at the plurality of absorption wavelengths may be analyzed to perform positioning identification for each important part. For example, for venous and arterial vessels (the colors of which are significantly different), navigation probe light of 680nm and 850nm may be alternately emitted via the navigation fiber bundle 105, since the venous vessel has a first ratio of the absorption intensity of 680nm to the absorption intensity of 850nm and the arterial vessel has a second ratio of the absorption intensity of 680nm to the absorption intensity of 850nm, which is different from the first ratio, whereby it is possible to judge whether a venous vessel or an arterial vessel is based on the ratio of the signal intensity of navigation response light at 680nm to the signal intensity at 850nm and guide a doctor to avoid them when operating the interventional needle 100. In some embodiments, the imaging fiber bundle 104 mentioned in the foregoing may also be used as the navigation fiber bundle 105 herein, that is, the imaging fiber bundle 104 may also be used to perform the function of shielding the interventional needle 100 from important parts, for example, the function of imaging the target part and the function of shielding the interventional needle 100 from important parts may be alternately performed by alternately causing the imaging fiber bundle 104 to emit imaging probe light and navigation probe light. The arrangement embodiment of the navigation fiber bundle 105 may be similar to the arrangement embodiment of the imaging fiber bundle 104, and will not be described here.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, interventional needle 100 may further include one or more illumination fibers 103 disposed in needle body 102 and extending longitudinally along central axis 102-0 of needle body 102, a front fiber end face of one or more illumination fibers 103 being located at front end face 102-1 of needle body 102, wherein the one or more illumination fibers 103 may be configured for illuminating a target site within a living body. The illumination fiber 103 may be, for example, one fiber, which may be much thinner than the imaging fiber bundle 104, so that a plurality of illumination fibers 103 may be arranged at a plurality of positions within the needle 102. In some embodiments, the one or more illumination fibers 103 may include a plurality of illumination fibers 103 configured to emit illumination light having wavelengths different from each other. For example, the wavelength ranges of the illumination light of the plurality of illumination fibers 103 may be different from each other but partially overlap to collectively constitute a wide wavelength range. The light conducted by the illumination fiber 103 may have, for example, at least one of the following than the imaging probe light conducted by the imaging fiber bundle 104: stronger brightness, wider color gamut, higher color saturation. Thus, the illumination fiber 103 may illuminate the field of view of the imaging fiber bundle 104, which is advantageous for improving the imaging quality of the imaging fiber bundle 104.

In some embodiments, at least one backup channel 107 (shown as two backup channels 107 by way of non-limiting example in the embodiment of fig. 6) may be provided inside the needle 102. The at least one backup tunnel 107 may, for example, be configured to perform at least one of the following operations: delivering the medical device; delivering a drug; sucking waste liquid; delivering the cleaning solution. The at least one backup tunnel 107 may be configured to cooperate with the working tunnel 102-4. For example, one backup tunnel 107 may be used to deliver cleaning fluid and another backup tunnel 107 may be used to aspirate waste fluid while working tunnel 102-4 may be used to deliver medical devices to operate with the medical devices delivered by working tunnel 102-4 on a sore surface cleaned by the cleaning fluid delivered via backup tunnel 107. As shown in fig. 6, the at least one backup tunnel 107 may be constructed to be narrower than the working tunnel 102-4.

Various embodiments of interventional needle 100 with micro-environmental in situ real-time sensing functionality are described below. As shown in fig. 7 (for clarity, the working channel 102-4 is not shown), in some embodiments, the interventional needle 100 may also alternatively or additionally include one or more sets of sensing fibers 106, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 being disposed in the needle body 102 and extending longitudinally along the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102 such that the front fiber end face 106-1 of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 is located at the front end face 102-1 of the needle body 102 for direct contact with the microenvironment inside the living being. Each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 may be used to sense a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the living body. Each sensing fiber of each set of sensing fibers 106 may include a probe at its front fiber end face with a photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation of the respective one of the parameters. Each sensing fiber of each set of sensing fibers 106 of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 may be configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and to receive emission light from the photoluminescent material in order to determine a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the living body based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material. In some embodiments, each set of sensing fibers 106 of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 may be each symmetrically disposed in the needle 102 about the central axis 102-0 of the needle 102. The symmetrical arrangement of the sensing fibers may be advantageous for analyzing the distribution of parameters of the micro-environment. In some examples, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 may each be rotationally symmetrically distributed on a respective one or more concentric circles. In some examples, two or more of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 may be distributed on the same circle. In some embodiments, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 may be distributed on the same circle (as indicated by the dashed lines in fig. 7) as the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104, or on different concentric circles. The sensing fiber may be, for example, one fiber, which may be much thinner than the imaging fiber bundle.

In some embodiments, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 may include one or more of the following: a first set of sensing fibers including one or more first sensing fibers for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the living body, a probe of each first sensing fiber of the first set of sensing fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a change in temperature; a second set of sensing fibers including one or more second sensing fibers for sensing an oxygen concentration of a microenvironment inside the living body, a probe of each second sensing fiber of the second set of sensing fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation in the oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing fibers including one or more third sensing fibers for sensing a ph level of a microenvironment inside the living body, a probe of each third sensing fiber of the third set of sensing fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the ph level. For example, referring to fig. 7, interventional needle 100 may include a first set of sensing fibers 1061a for sensing temperature, a second set of sensing fibers 1062a for sensing oxygen concentration, and a third set of sensing fibers 1063a for sensing ph. Although each set of sensing fibers is illustrated in fig. 7 as including one sensing fiber each, the sensing fibers are shown as being separate from each other This is merely exemplary and not limiting, and each set of sensing fibers may include any suitable number of sensing fibers. When each set of sensing fibers comprises a plurality of sensing fibers distributed at different locations, it is helpful to determine the distribution of the respective one of the parameters. As a non-limiting example, the first photoluminescent material may include Er ³⁺ Doped rare earth up-conversion nanoparticles (shown in FIG. 9A, er core ³⁺ The doped rare earth nano particles are coated with the shell layer to enhance the luminescence performance, and the NaYF4 of the core-shell structure is formed by Yb, er@NaLuF ₄ Upconverting the nanoparticle; for example, 980nm excitation light may be transmitted thereto via a first sensing fiber, then a change in temperature in the microenvironment may be determined based on a change in the ratio of signal intensities at 525nm and 545nm in its emission spectrum, a second photoluminescent material may include a benzoporphyrin-based metal complex (as shown in fig. 9B, for example 635nm excitation light may be transmitted thereto via a second sensing fiber, then a change in oxygen concentration in the microenvironment may be determined based on a change in its emission intensity), and a third photoluminescent material may include a polymethine cyanine dye derivative (as shown in fig. 9C, for example 635nm excitation light and 680nm excitation light may be transmitted thereto via a third sensing fiber, respectively, then a change in ph may be determined based on a change in the ratio of emission intensities under both excitation light conditions). Referring to FIG. 8, the sensing fiber 106 may include a front fiber-optic endface 106-1 and a rear fiber-optic endface 106-2, with a probe 106-3 formed on the front fiber-optic endface 106-1. For example, the photoluminescent material may be premixed with the polymeric matrix material and then added to a cylindrical hollow mold to cure to form a probe, which is then fusion assembled at one end of the optical fiber to obtain the sensing optical fiber 106. The polymer matrix material can comprise polymethacrylic acid, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol and the like, has better biocompatibility, can be organically fused with the optical fiber, and can form a thin layer to modify the surface of the optical fiber so as to realize biological functionalization. The sensing optical fiber 106 prepared by the present disclosure may have excellent detection performance indexes, for example, may realize temperature detection of better than ±1 degree celsius, oxygen concentration detection of better than ±1%, ph detection of better than ±0.1.

Through the sensing optical fibers 106, the state and the distribution condition of various parameters of the local living body microenvironment of the front end face of the needle body 102 can be known in situ in real time, so that a doctor can be guided to make reliable diagnosis and treatment decisions in real time. For example, when the oxygen concentration is found to be too low, the physician cannot treat the tumor with photodynamic therapy, and needs to change to other therapies.

In some embodiments, access needle 100 may also include a fiber optic interface (not shown) that may be provided on rear face 102-2 of needle body 102 or on a portion of the side of needle body 102 that is proximal to rear face 102-2. For example, the rear fiber end faces of all the fibers (illumination fiber 103, imaging fiber bundle 104, navigation fiber bundle 105, sensing fiber 106) of the needle 102 may be arranged at the fiber interface in a predetermined pattern. For example, all of the rear fiber end faces may be arranged in an array at the fiber interface. With such an arrangement, it is convenient to detect signals from each rear fibre end face by imaging the fibre interface, and it is also convenient to couple the desired light into each rear fibre end face. In some examples, the rear fiber end faces of the optical fibers for emitting light may be arranged together at the fiber interface and the rear fiber end faces of the optical fibers for receiving light may be arranged together to input light to the optical fibers of the interventional needle 100 and output light from the optical fibers of the interventional needle 100. In some examples, interventional needle 100 may include a first fiber optic interface provided with a rear fiber end face of an optical fiber for emitting light and a second fiber optic interface provided with a rear fiber end face of an optical fiber for receiving light. The fiber optic interface can be optically coupled to the light source device and the detection device outside the living body using suitable optical conductive members such as fiber optic connectors, fiber optic cables, and the like.

Referring back to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the interventional needle 100 may further include an inner needle 110 removably disposed within the working channel 102-4 of the needle body 102. The inner needle 110 may be constructed of any suitable material, such as biomedical metal materials including, but not limited to, one or more of stainless steel, synthetic fiber, carbon fiber, titanium alloy, gold, silver, and the like. The inner needle 110 may be formed of the same material as the needle body 102. The inner needle 110 is operable to enter the interior of the target site when the needle body 102 is navigated to at or near the target site. Generally, the needle body 102 may stop moving when it is moved to a position of about 2mm near the target site, and then the inner needle 110 may be inserted into the target site by pushing the inner needle 110. Because the eccentric arrangement of the working channel 102-4 of the interventional needle 100 allows the working channel 102-4 to provide a larger operating space, the inner needle 110 can have a larger degree of freedom of operation within the working channel 102-4, such as not only linear movement but also non-linear movement such as rotation, rocking, etc., allowing a physician to control the inner needle 110 for a complex diversity of operations.

The inner needle 110 may be configured similar to the various embodiments described above with respect to the needle body 102. The design of the inner needle 110 may also differ from the needle 102 in terms of practical clinical requirements and in terms of functional complementarity to the needle 102. For example, in one aspect, considering that the inner needle 110 forms a nested structure with the needle body 102, when the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is determined using the imaging fiber bundle 104 and/or the navigation fiber bundle 105 in the needle body 102, the needle insertion direction of the inner needle 110 is also substantially determined accordingly, and thus the navigation fiber bundle may not be additionally arranged on the inner needle 110 for the navigation positioning of the inner needle 110; in another aspect, the inner needle 110 may be designed to perform different functions for different diagnostic modes. Several example inner needles are described below in connection with fig. 10, 11, 12A, and 12B.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 10, the inner needle 110 may include one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 disposed in the inner needle 110, the one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 extending longitudinally along the central axis 110-0 of the inner needle 110 and having a front fiber end face 112-1 located at or near the front end face 110-1 of the inner needle 110. In some examples, each imaging fiber 112 of the one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 may have an objective lens, such as a fisheye lens, attached at its front fiber end face 112-1 that is comparable in size to the imaging fiber bundle 112. The one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 may be configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site in a living body and receive imaging response light from the target site so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light. The imaging response light may be reflected light (e.g., direct imaging) or emitted light (e.g., fluorescence imaging) from the imaging probe light. Such an inner needle 110 may be referred to as an imaging inner needle. The imaging fiber optic bundle of imaging inner needle 110 may not have a sensing function, but rather is used only for real-time in situ imaging. Imaging fiber bundle 112 may include a plurality of optical fibers in bundles that may be thicker than the aforementioned sensing fiber 106 but thinner than imaging fiber bundle 104 and/or navigation fiber bundle 105. A commercially available imaging fiber optic bundle 112 may be used in the imaging inner needle 110. In some embodiments, the imaging fiber bundle 112 of the imaging inner needle 110 may be, for example, a near infrared imaging fiber bundle, and the imaging probe light may include, for example, light having a wavelength of 1064 nm. It will be appreciated that imaging probe light of other wavelength ranges are possible. The imaging inner needle 110 may be, for example, a 22G (international standard needle gauge) based non-invasive needle retrofit that employs wide angle retinal techniques as well as beam shaping techniques to optically reconstruct an image of a target site for real-time tissue microstructure imaging of an ultra-fine region. In some embodiments, each imaging fiber bundle 112 may be configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward a target site within a living body and receive imaging response light from the target site, i.e., each imaging fiber bundle has both light emitting and light receiving functions. In some embodiments, a portion of the one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 may be configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within a living body and another portion of the imaging fiber bundles may be configured to receive imaging response light from the target site, i.e., the light emitting function and the light receiving function are performed by different imaging fiber bundles. These imaging fiber bundles 112 may be arranged in any suitable manner, for example, may be arranged in an array, as shown in fig. 10.

By providing the imaging inner needle 110, the interventional needle 100 can obtain deep features of the target site by inserting the imaging inner needle 110 inside the target site and imaging the inside of the target site with the imaging optical fiber bundle 112 provided in the imaging inner needle 110.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 11, the inner needle 110 may include one or more sets of sensing fibers 116 disposed in the inner needle 110, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 116 extending longitudinally along the central axis 110-0 of the inner needle 110 and having a front fiber end face 116-1 located at or near the front end face 110-1 of the inner needle 110. Each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 116 may be used to sense a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site. Each sensing fiber of each set of sensing fibers 116 may include a probe with a photoluminescent material at its front fiber end face 116-1, which may be configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation of the respective one of the parameters. Each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 116 may be configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and to receive emitted light from the photoluminescent material in order to determine the respective one parameter of the microenvironment inside the target site based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material. The sensing fiber 116 disposed in the inner needle 110 may be similar to the sensing fiber 106 disposed in the needle body 102 described previously, and may not be repeated here. Such an inner needle 110 may be referred to as an insertion inner needle. Since the needle 102 does not generally enter the interior of the target site, the sensing fiber 106 disposed in the needle 102 cannot sense parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site. While the interventional inner needle 110 may be inserted into the target site, the sensing fiber 116 disposed in the interventional inner needle 110 may be used to sense parameters of the local microenvironment inside the target site in situ in real time. In some embodiments, for example with reference to fig. 11, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 116 may include one or more of the following: a first set of sensing fibers including one or more first sensing fibers 1161a-1161d for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site, a probe of each first sensing fiber of the first set of sensing fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation of temperature; a second set of sensing fibers including one or more second sensing fibers 1162a, 1162b for sensing an oxygen concentration of a microenvironment inside the target site, a probe of each second sensing fiber of the second set of sensing fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation of the oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing fibers including one or more third sensing fibers 1163a, 1163b for sensing the ph of the microenvironment inside the target site, the probe of each third sensing fiber in the third set of sensing fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the ph. In some examples, interventional inner needle 110 may also be modified based on a 22G non-invasive needle, and thus may be deployed at multiple sites in a living body based on the characteristics of the non-invasive needle, providing a tool basis for studying microenvironment linkage or monitoring physiological conditions. In some embodiments, each set of sensing fibers 116 of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 116 may be each symmetrically (e.g., rotationally symmetrically) disposed in the interventional inner needle 110 about the central axis 110-0 of the interventional inner needle 110. The symmetrical arrangement of the sensing fibers may be advantageous for analyzing the distribution of parameters of the micro-environment. In some embodiments, the interventional inner needle 110 may also have a hollow channel 110-4, for example, for injecting a chemical ablative drug (e.g., alcohol, etc.) into the target site for chemical ablation. In some examples, the hollow channel 110-4 may be arranged concentrically about a central axis 110-0 of the access inner needle 110, for example as shown in fig. 11. In some examples, the hollow passage 110-4 may also be arranged eccentrically with respect to the central axis 110-0 of the access inner needle 110. Thereby, the spatial layout of the constituent parts of the interventional inner needle 110 can be optimized, so that the eccentrically arranged hollow passage 110-4 can have a larger cross-sectional area, and thus a larger operation space can be provided, with the other constituent parts of the interventional inner needle 110 and the dimensions thereof remaining unchanged. From another perspective, with the cross-sectional area of the hollow passage 110-4 remaining unchanged, the insertion inner needle 110 can be constructed smaller, which facilitates a miniaturized design of the insertion inner needle 110. The miniaturized interventional inner needle 110, when used with the needle body 102 of the interventional needle 100, on the one hand may have a higher degree of operational freedom with the cross-sectional area of the working channel 102-4 remaining unchanged, and on the other hand may allow the working channel 102-4 and thus the entire needle body 102 to be constructed smaller.

In some embodiments, the inner needle 110 may be configured for thermal ablation of the target site. Such an inner needle may be referred to as a thermal ablation inner needle. The thermal ablation inner needle 110 may be, for example, a radio frequency ablation needle. Since temperature profile monitoring is important during operation of the thermal ablation inner needle, as shown in fig. 12A, the thermal ablation inner needle 110 may include one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 disposed in the inner needle 110, the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 extending longitudinally along the central axis 110-0 of the inner needle 110. With further reference to FIG. 12B, the front fiber end face 1161-1 of each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers 1161 is located at a respective one of the cross sections (as shown by the dash-dot lines A, B, C, D, E, F) of the inner needle 110 between the front end face 110-1 and the rear end face 110-2. Each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers 1161 may be used to sense the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target site. Each temperature sensing optical fiber 1161 in each set of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 may include a probe with a photoluminescent material at its front optical fiber end face 1161-1, which may be configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature. Each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and to receive emission light from the photoluminescent material in order to determine a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material. The output power of the needle within the thermal ablation may be controlled based on the determined temperature to stabilize the micro-ambient temperature of the target site around the desired temperature. The temperature sensing optical fiber 1161 may be similar to the first sensing optical fiber 1061a for sensing temperature described above, and may not be described herein. In some embodiments, if a first set of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers 1161 is closer to the front face of the inner needle than a second set of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers 1161, the temperature sensing fiber density of the first set of temperature sensing fibers may be greater than the temperature sensing fiber density of the second set of temperature sensing fibers. The temperature sensing optical fiber density refers to the ratio of the number of a group of temperature sensing optical fibers to the area of the cross section of the inner needle where the front optical fiber end face of the group of temperature sensing optical fibers is located. For example, as shown in fig. 12B, the temperature sensing fiber density at cross section C is greater than the temperature sensing fiber density at cross section D. Since the thermal conductivity of the material forming the inner needle 110 is generally better, the front fiber end face of the temperature sensing optical fiber 1161 need not be exposed to the surface of the inner needle 110, but may be located inside the inner needle 110. In addition, the thermal ablation inner needle 110 may also be retrofitted based on a 22G non-invasive needle, whereby the needle may be deployed at multiple important sites during thermal ablation to form a thermal ablation temperature monitoring loop to guide efficient deployment of the thermal ablation procedure. When monitoring that a lesion does not meet the temperature requirement of thermal ablation, the thermal ablation inner needle may be replaced with the interventional inner needle described previously with respect to fig. 11, and chemical ablation may be performed by injecting alcohol or the like through the hollow passage of the interventional inner needle.

It will be appreciated that what has been described above in connection with fig. 10, 11, 12A and 12B is merely a few non-limiting examples of the inner needle 110 that may be used in combination with the needle body 102. The inner needle 110 may be designed based on any embodiment of the present disclosure or a combination thereof according to actual needs. The inner needle 110 may be longer than the needle body 102, and an optical fiber interface may be provided at a rear end face 110-2 of the inner needle 110 or a portion of a side face of the inner needle 110 near the rear end face 110-2 for arranging rear fiber end faces of optical fibers in the inner needle 110 in a predetermined rule.

According to the interventional needle for the hard endoscope of various embodiments of the present disclosure, by eccentric arrangement of the working channel in the needle body, the spatial layout of the constituent components of the interventional needle can be optimized, thereby facilitating construction of the working channel with a larger cross-sectional area or facilitating miniaturization design of the interventional needle. Furthermore, the interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may itself have an optical imaging function to directly serve as an imaging portion of the hard endoscope, thereby avoiding the use of a complex assembly of an existing hard endoscope for imaging and an interventional needle for interventional diagnosis and treatment operation, and maintaining good consistency of the needle insertion orientation of the interventional needle with the view field. In addition, the interventional needle for the hard endoscope according to various embodiments of the present disclosure can guide the needle insertion process of the interventional needle by utilizing an in-situ real-time optical navigation function, and can sensitively monitor in-situ real-time by utilizing a photoluminescence probe and extract the values and distribution conditions of parameters such as temperature, oxygen concentration, pH value and the like of microenvironment in a living body and a target site with high fidelity by utilizing an optical fiber, and timely feed back the treatment intensity and effect of a diagnosis and treatment means such as thermotherapy, chemotherapy and the like, so that a doctor can adjust the diagnosis and treatment strategy in real time. Moreover, the illumination fiber, the navigation fiber bundle, the imaging fiber bundle, and the various sensing fibers of the interventional needle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are all disposed within the needle body or the inner needle, and thus can enter the living body using the interventional channel of the interventional needle and be protected by the interventional needle, so that an optical signal caused by a minute change in the microenvironment can be transferred to an analysis device outside the body while being resistant to interference of the optical signal by biological tissue.

In another aspect, the present disclosure also provides a hard endoscope that may include an interventional needle according to any of the above embodiments of the present disclosure, which is not described in detail herein. Because the in situ imaging capability and in situ monitoring capability of the interventional needle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure allow for in situ diagnosis and treatment of a target site, the interventional needle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure requires less surgical space such that a hard endoscope comprising the interventional needle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure no longer needs to be inflated into a patient to dilate a body cavity prior to performing an interventional procedure, which advantageously simplifies the surgical procedure, reduces the surgical costs, and improves patient comfort.

The words "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower", "high", "low", and the like in the description and in the claims, if present, are used for descriptive purposes and not necessarily for describing permanent relative positions. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the disclosure described herein are, for example, capable of operation in other orientations than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. For example, when the device in the figures is inverted, features that were originally described as "above" other features may be described as "below" the other features. The device may also be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the relative spatial relationship will be explained accordingly.

In the description and claims, an element is referred to as being "on," "attached to," connected to, "coupled to," contacting, "etc., another element, which may be directly on, attached to, connected to, coupled to or contacting the other element, or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly attached to," directly connected to, "directly coupled" to or "directly contacting" another element, there are no intervening elements present. In the description and claims, a feature being disposed "adjacent" to another feature may refer to a feature having a portion that overlaps with, or is located above or below, the adjacent feature.

As used herein, the word "exemplary" means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," and not as a "model" to be replicated accurately. Any implementation described herein by way of example is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Furthermore, this disclosure is not limited by any expressed or implied theory presented in the technical field, background, brief summary or the detailed description.

As used herein, the term "substantially" is intended to encompass any minor variation due to design or manufacturing imperfections, tolerances of the device or element, environmental effects and/or other factors. The word "substantially" also allows for differences from perfect or ideal situations due to parasitics, noise, and other practical considerations that may be present in a practical implementation.

In addition, for reference purposes only, the terms "first," "second," and the like may also be used herein, and are thus not intended to be limiting. For example, the terms "first," "second," and other such numerical terms referring to structures or elements do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context.

It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, and/or groups thereof.

In this disclosure, the term "providing" is used in a broad sense to cover all ways of obtaining an object, and thus "providing an object" includes, but is not limited to, "purchasing," "preparing/manufacturing," "arranging/setting," "installing/assembling," and/or "ordering" an object, etc.

As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that the boundaries between the above described operations are merely illustrative. The operations may be combined into a single operation, the single operation may be distributed among additional operations, and the operations may be performed at least partially overlapping in time. Moreover, alternative embodiments may include multiple instances of a particular operation, and the order of operations may be altered in other various embodiments. However, other modifications, variations, and alternatives are also possible. Aspects and elements of all of the embodiments disclosed above may be combined in any manner and/or in combination with aspects or elements of other embodiments to provide a number of additional embodiments. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.

Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The embodiments disclosed herein may be combined in any desired manner without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that various modifications might be made to the embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (23)

1. An interventional needle for a hard endoscope, characterized in that the interventional needle comprises a needle body configured to be percutaneously insertable into a living body, wherein the needle body has a hollow structure to provide a working channel inside the needle body, which working channel is arranged eccentrically in the needle body with respect to a central axis of the needle body.

2. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 1, wherein in a cross section of the interventional needle, a minimum distance between an outer circumferential surface of the working channel and an outer circumferential surface of the needle body is not more than 0.1mm.

3. An interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the interventional needle comprises at least one imaging fiber bundle arranged in the needle body and extending longitudinally along a central axis of the needle body, a front fiber end face of the at least one imaging fiber bundle being located at a front end face of the needle body,

Wherein the at least one imaging fiber bundle is configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site in the living body and to receive imaging response light from the target site so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

4. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 3, wherein each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle is configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward and receive imaging response light from a target site within the living body, and each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle has an objective lens attached at a front fiber end face thereof that is comparable in size to the imaging fiber bundle.

5. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 4, wherein the at least one imaging fiber bundle includes two or more imaging fiber bundles arranged in the needle body symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the needle body, so that a deviation of a needle insertion direction of the needle body with respect to a central direction of the target site is determined based on a distribution of signal intensity of the imaging response light among the two or more imaging fiber bundles.

6. An interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 3 and wherein said at least one imaging fiber bundle comprises a first set of imaging fiber bundles configured to emit imaging probe light towards a target site within said living body and a second set of imaging fiber bundles configured to receive imaging response light from said target site, one or more of said first set of imaging fiber bundles being positioned adjacent to a corresponding one or more of said second set of imaging fiber bundles, and each of said second set of imaging fiber bundles having attached at its front fiber end face an objective lens comparable to the size of that imaging fiber bundle.

7. An interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 3 and wherein in a cross section of said interventional needle the minimum distance between the outer circumference of each of said at least one imaging fiber bundle and the outer circumference of said working channel is not more than 0.1mm.

8. An interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 3 and wherein the maximum value of the outer diameter of each of said at least one imaging fiber bundle is at least 90% of the difference between the outer diameter of said needle body and the outer diameter of said working channel.

9. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising one or more illumination fibers arranged in the needle body and extending longitudinally along a central axis of the needle body, a front fiber end face of the one or more illumination fibers being located at a front end face of the needle body, wherein the one or more illumination fibers are configured for illuminating a target site within the living body.

10. The interventional needle for hard endoscopes of claim 9, wherein the one or more illumination fibers comprise a plurality of illumination fibers configured to emit illumination light having wavelengths different from each other.

11. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope of claim 1 or 2, wherein the working channel is configured for performing at least one of the following operations: delivering the medical device; delivering a drug; sucking waste liquid; delivering the cleaning solution.

12. Interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one backup channel is provided inside the needle body, said at least one backup channel being configured for performing at least one of the following operations: delivering the medical device; delivering a drug; sucking waste liquid; delivering the cleaning solution.

13. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

one or more sets of sensing fibers disposed in the needle and extending longitudinally along a central axis of the needle such that a front fiber end face of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is located at a front end face of the needle,

wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is for sensing a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the living being, each of the set of sensing fibers comprising a probe at a front fiber end face thereof having a photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the respective one of the parameters, and

wherein each sensing fiber of each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and to receive emission light from the photoluminescent material in order to determine the respective one parameter of the microenvironment inside the living body based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material.

14. The interventional needle for hard endoscopes of claim 13, wherein the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers comprise one or more of:

a first set of sensing fibers including one or more first sensing fibers for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the living body, a probe of each first sensing fiber of the first set of sensing fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a change in temperature;

a second set of sensing fibers including one or more second sensing fibers for sensing an oxygen concentration of a microenvironment inside the living body, a probe of each second sensing fiber of the second set of sensing fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the oxygen concentration; and

a third set of sensing fibers including one or more third sensing fibers for sensing a ph level of a microenvironment inside the living body, a probe of each third sensing fiber of the third set of sensing fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the ph level.

15. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope of claim 1 or 2, further comprising an inner needle removably disposed within the working channel of the needle body, the inner needle being operable to enter inside a target site within the living body when the needle body is navigated at or near the target site.

16. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 15, wherein said inner needle comprises one or more imaging fiber bundles arranged in said inner needle, said one or more imaging fiber bundles extending longitudinally along a central axis of said inner needle and having a front fiber end face located at or near a front end face of said inner needle, each of said one or more imaging fiber bundles having attached at its front fiber end face an objective lens comparable in size to the imaging fiber bundle,

wherein the one or more imaging fiber bundles are configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site in the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

17. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope of claim 15, wherein the inner needle comprises one or more sets of sensing optical fibers arranged in the inner needle, the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers extending longitudinally along a central axis of the inner needle and having a front optical fiber end face located at or near a front end face of the inner needle,

Wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is for sensing a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site, each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers including a probe at a front fiber end face thereof having a photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the respective one of the parameters, and

wherein each sensing fiber of each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and to receive emission light from the photoluminescent material in order to determine the respective one parameter of the microenvironment inside the target site based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material.

18. The interventional needle for hard endoscopes of claim 17, wherein the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers comprise one or more of:

a first set of sensing fibers including one or more first sensing fibers for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site, a probe of each first sensing fiber of the first set of sensing fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a change in temperature;

A second set of sensing fibers including one or more second sensing fibers for sensing an oxygen concentration of a microenvironment inside the target site, a probe of each second sensing fiber of the second set of sensing fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation in oxygen concentration; and

a third set of sensing fibers including one or more third sensing fibers for sensing a ph level of a microenvironment inside the target site, a probe of each third sensing fiber of the third set of sensing fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the ph level.

19. The interventional needle for hard endoscope of claim 17, wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is arranged in the inner needle rotationally symmetrically about the central axis of the inner needle, and wherein the inner needle has a hollow channel for injecting a chemical ablative drug to the target site.

20. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope of claim 15, wherein the inner needle is configured for thermal ablation of the target site and comprises one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers disposed therein, the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers extending longitudinally along a central axis of the inner needle and a front fiber end face of each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers being located at a respective one of the cross sections of the inner needle between a front end face and a rear end face thereof,

Wherein each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers is for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site, each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers comprising a probe with a photoluminescent material at a front optical fiber end face thereof, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation in temperature, and

wherein each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and to receive emission light from the photoluminescent material in order to determine a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material.

21. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope of claim 20, wherein a first set of temperature sensing fibers of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers is closer to a front end face of the inner needle than a second set of temperature sensing fibers of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers, and wherein a temperature sensing fiber density of the first set of temperature sensing fibers is greater than a temperature sensing fiber density of the second set of temperature sensing fibers, the temperature sensing fiber density being a ratio of a number of the set of temperature sensing fibers to an area of a cross section of the inner needle in which a front fiber end face of the set of temperature sensing fibers is located.

22. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a navigation fiber bundle disposed in the needle body, the navigation fiber bundle extending longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body and having a front fiber end face located at a front end face of the needle body,

wherein the navigation fiber optic bundle is configured to emit navigation probe light to the inside of the living body and receive navigation response light derived from the navigation probe light, so as to locate and distinguish a site inside the living body that is not desired to be penetrated by the interventional needle based on the navigation response light.

23. A hard endoscope comprising an interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to any one of claims 1 to 22.

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