CN114931348A

CN114931348A - Interventional needle for hard endoscope and hard endoscope

Info

Publication number: CN114931348A
Application number: CN202210735925.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李富友; 王庆兵
Original assignee: Shanghai Keyingkang Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Keyingkang Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-27
Filing date: 2022-06-27
Publication date: 2022-08-23

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an interventional needle for a hard endoscope and a hard endoscope. An intervention needle for a hard endoscope includes a needle body configured to be percutaneously interventionally introduced into a living body, wherein the needle body has a hollow structure to provide a working channel inside the needle body, the working channel being eccentrically disposed in the needle body with respect to a central axis of the needle body.

Description

Interventional needle for hard endoscope and hard endoscope

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of medical instruments, and more particularly, to an interventional needle for a hard endoscope and a hard endoscope.

Background

A rigid endoscope is an inflexible endoscope that is primarily passed through a surgical incision into a body cavity of a living body and can be used for intra-operative imaging in minimally invasive surgery. Before a doctor observes a target part (such as a lesion part like a tumor) in a patient body by using an existing hard endoscope, the patient body needs to be inflated with gas (usually carbon dioxide) to form an artificial air cavity (such as pneumothorax during chest examination, pneumoperitoneum during abdominal cavity examination, and the like) so as to expand an operation space. However, the doctor can only observe the surface features of the target site, and cannot observe the deep structure of the target site. In addition, when a doctor uses a hard endoscope to carry an interventional instrument such as an interventional needle or a component thereof (such as, but not limited to, a percutaneous puncture needle set) into a patient's body to perform an interventional diagnosis and treatment operation such as puncturing on a target site, the operational freedom of the interventional needle may be limited by the attachment between the interventional needle and the hard endoscope, and there may also be a certain deviation between the actual needle insertion position of the interventional needle and the observation field of the hard endoscope, and the interventional needle usually enters a deeper position in the patient's body, so that the doctor operating the interventional needle often cannot directly see the position of the interventional needle, and further cannot timely and accurately grasp the instantaneous and variable conditions in the patient's body, which makes it difficult to make a reliable judgment and decision in real time, and further cannot efficiently perform diagnosis and treatment during an interventional operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The following presents a simplified summary of the disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosure. However, it should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the disclosure. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the disclosure or to delineate the scope of the disclosure. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of the disclosure in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an intervention needle for a hard endoscope, wherein the intervention needle comprises a needle body configured to be percutaneously interventionally intervened in a living body, wherein the needle body has a hollow structure to provide a working channel inside the needle body, the working channel being eccentrically disposed in the needle body with respect to a central axis of the needle body.

In some embodiments, in a cross-section of the access needle, a minimum distance between an outer circumferential surface of the working channel and an outer circumferential surface of the needle body may be no more than 0.1 mm.

In some embodiments, the interventional needle may comprise at least one imaging fiber bundle arranged in the needle body and extending longitudinally along a central axis of the needle body, a front fiber end face of the at least one imaging fiber bundle being located at the front end face of the needle body, wherein the at least one imaging fiber bundle is configured to emit imaging probe light towards a target site within the living body and to receive imaging response light from the target site for imaging the target site based on the imaging response light.

In some embodiments, each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle may be configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site, and each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle has attached at its front fiber end face an objective lens of a size comparable to that of the imaging fiber bundle.

In some embodiments, the at least one imaging fiber bundle may include two or more imaging fiber bundles symmetrically arranged in the needle with respect to the central axis of the needle so as to determine a deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle from the central direction of the target site based on a distribution of signal intensities of the imaging response light among the two or more imaging fiber bundles.

In some embodiments, the at least one imaging fiber bundle may include a first constituent imaging fiber bundle configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and a second constituent imaging fiber bundle configured to receive imaging response light from the target site, one or more of the first constituent imaging fiber bundles being positioned adjacent to a respective one or more of the second constituent imaging fiber bundles, and each of the second constituent imaging fiber bundles having attached at a leading fiber end face thereof an objective lens of a size comparable to the imaging fiber bundle.

In some embodiments, in a cross-section of the interventional needle, a minimum distance between an outer circumferential surface of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle and an outer circumferential surface of the working channel may be no more than 0.1 mm.

In some embodiments, the maximum value of the outer diameter of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle may be at least 90% of the difference between the outer diameter of the needle and the outer diameter of the working channel.

In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further comprise one or more illumination fibers disposed in the needle body and extending longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body, a front fiber end face of the one or more illumination fibers being located at the front end face of the needle body, wherein the one or more illumination fibers are configured for illuminating a target site within the living body.

In some embodiments, the one or more illumination fibers may include a plurality of illumination fibers configured to emit illumination light of different wavelengths from each other.

In some embodiments, the working channel may be configured to perform at least one of the following operations: delivering a medical device; delivering the drug; pumping waste liquid; and conveying the cleaning liquid.

In some embodiments, at least one backup channel may be provided inside the needle body, the at least one backup channel being configured for performing at least one of the following: delivering a medical device; delivering the drug; pumping waste liquid; and conveying the cleaning liquid.

In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further comprise: one or more sets of sensing optical fibers arranged in the needle and extending longitudinally along a central axis of the needle such that a leading fiber end face of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers is located at the leading end face of the needle, wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers is for sensing a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the living body, each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers including a probe having a photoluminescent material at its leading fiber end face, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the respective one of the parameters, and wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers is configured to transmit excitation light towards and receive emission light from the photoluminescent material of the probe, so as to determine the respective one parameter of the microenvironment inside the living body based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material.

In some embodiments, the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers may include one or more of: a first set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more first sensing optical fibers for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the living body, the probe of each first sensing optical fiber of the first set of sensing optical fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with changes in temperature; a second set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more second sensing optical fibers for sensing an oxygen concentration of a microenvironment inside the living body, the probe of each second sensing optical fiber of the second set of sensing optical fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation in the oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing optical fibers including one or more third sensing optical fibers for sensing a ph of a microenvironment inside the living body, the probe of each third sensing optical fiber of the third set of sensing optical fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a change in the ph.

In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further comprise an inner needle removably disposed within the working channel of the needle body, the inner needle operable to access an interior of the target site when the needle body is navigated at or near the target site.

In some embodiments, the inner needle may comprise one or more imaging fiber bundles arranged in the inner needle, the one or more imaging fiber bundles extending longitudinally along a central axis of the inner needle and having a front fiber end face located at or near the front end face of the inner needle, each of the one or more imaging fiber bundles having attached at its front fiber end face an objective lens of a size comparable to the imaging fiber bundle, wherein the one or more imaging fiber bundles are configured to emit imaging probe light towards a target site within the living body and to receive imaging response light from the target site so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

In some embodiments, the inner needle may comprise one or more sets of sensing optical fibres arranged in the inner needle, the one or more sets of sensing optical fibres extending longitudinally along a central axis of the inner needle and having a leading optical fibre end face located at or near the leading end face of the inner needle, wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibres is for sensing a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site, each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibres comprising a probe head having a photoluminescent material at its leading optical fibre end face, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with variation of the respective one of the parameters, and wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibres is configured to transmit excitation light towards and receive emission light from the photoluminescent material of the probe head, so as to determine the respective one parameter of the microenvironment inside the target site based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material.

In some embodiments, the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers may include one or more of: a first set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more first sensing optical fibers for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site, the probe of each first sensing optical fiber of the first set of sensing optical fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with changes in temperature; a second set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more second sensing optical fibers for sensing an oxygen concentration of a microenvironment inside the target site, the probe of each second sensing optical fiber of the second set of sensing optical fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation in the oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more third sensing optical fibers for sensing a ph of the microenvironment inside the target site, the probe of each third sensing optical fiber of the third set of sensing optical fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with the ph.

In some embodiments, each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers may be each arranged in the inner needle rotationally symmetrically about the central axis of the inner needle, and wherein the inner needle may have a hollow channel for injecting a chemical ablation drug to the target site.

In some embodiments, the inner needle may be configured for thermal ablation of the target site and comprise one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers disposed in the inner needle, the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers extending longitudinally along a central axis of the inner needle, and a leading optical fiber end face of each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers being located at a respective one of cross-sections of the inner needle between the leading end face and a trailing end face, wherein each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers is for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site, each of the temperature sensing optical fibers of each set of temperature sensing optical fibers comprising a probe having a photoluminescent material at a leading optical fiber end face thereof, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature, and wherein each temperature sensing optical fiber of each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers is configured to transmit excitation light towards the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emission light from the photoluminescent material so as to determine a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material.

In some embodiments, a first set of temperature sensing optical fibers of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers may be closer to the front end face of the inner needle than a second set of temperature sensing optical fibers of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers, and a temperature sensing optical fiber density of the first set of temperature sensing optical fibers is greater than a temperature sensing optical fiber density of the second set of temperature sensing optical fibers, the temperature sensing optical fiber density being a ratio of a number of one set of temperature sensing optical fibers to an area of the inner needle cross-section in which the front fiber end face of the set of temperature sensing optical fibers is located.

In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further comprise a navigation fiber bundle disposed in the needle body, the navigation fiber bundle extending longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body and having a front fiber end face at a front end face of the needle body, wherein the navigation fiber bundle is configured to emit navigation probe light into the living body and receive navigation response light derived from the navigation probe light so as to locate and distinguish a site inside the living body which is not expected to be penetrated by the interventional needle based on the navigation response light.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a hard endoscope comprising an interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to any of the embodiments of the preceding aspects of the present disclosure.

Other features of the present disclosure and advantages thereof will become more apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. The embodiments set forth in the drawings are illustrative and exemplary in nature and are not intended to limit the disclosure. The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments can be best understood when read in conjunction with the following drawings, where like structure is indicated with like reference numerals and in which:

FIG. 1 is a top view that schematically illustrates an interventional needle for a hard endoscope, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a side view that schematically illustrates an interventional needle for a hard endoscope, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating the structure of an imaging fiber bundle in an interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 4A-4C respectively schematically illustrate several example arrangements of imaging fiber bundles for an interventional needle of a hard endoscope, according to one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a top view that schematically illustrates an interventional needle for a hard endoscope, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a top view that schematically illustrates an interventional needle for a hard endoscope, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a top view that schematically illustrates an interventional needle for a hard endoscope, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating the structure of a sensing fiber used in a hard endoscopic interventional needle according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 9A-9C illustrate several example photoluminescent materials used by a probe for sensing optical fibers in an interventional needle of a hard endoscope of one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a top view that schematically illustrates an example inner needle for a hard endoscopic interventional needle in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 is a top view that schematically illustrates another example inner needle for a hard endoscopic interventional needle in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 12A and 12B are top and side views, respectively, schematically illustrating yet another example inner needle for a hard endoscopic interventional needle according to one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless specifically stated otherwise.

The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. That is, the structures and methods herein are shown by way of example to illustrate different embodiments of the structures and methods of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand, however, that they are merely illustrative of exemplary ways in which the disclosure may be practiced and not exhaustive. Furthermore, the figures are not necessarily to scale, some features may be exaggerated to show details of particular components.

Additionally, techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification as appropriate.

In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

When a doctor carries out interventional diagnosis and treatment on a patient, the hard endoscope can be used for carrying an interventional needle into the body of the patient, and the imaging of the internal environment of the patient by means of the hard endoscope guides the doctor to send the interventional needle to the vicinity of a target part (for example, a pathological part such as a tumor) in the patient. However, the degree of freedom of operation of the interventional needle may be limited by the attachment between the interventional needle and the hard endoscope, and there may also be some deviation of the actual insertion position of the interventional needle from the observation field of view of the hard endoscope, so doctors often can only grasp the insertion direction and position of the interventional needle relative to the target site by experience and feel. Moreover, the existing hard endoscope cannot image the target site in situ and in real time and monitor the microenvironment conditions inside and outside the target site, so that the existing hard endoscope cannot provide useful reference information for the instant diagnosis and treatment decision of doctors.

To this end, the present disclosure provides an interventional needle for a hard endoscope (hereinafter simply referred to as an interventional needle) having a working channel eccentrically disposed within a needle body of the interventional needle, whereby a spatial layout of component parts of the interventional needle can be optimized and thus an inner space of the interventional needle can be advantageously saved, thereby facilitating a miniaturized design of the interventional needle. When the miniaturized interventional needle is used together with an existing hard endoscope, the degree of freedom of operation thereof is less restricted by the attachment between the interventional needle and the hard endoscope, and the deviation between the actual needle insertion position of the interventional needle and the observation field of view of the hard endoscope is also smaller. Also, the interventional needle according to the present disclosure may have an optical imaging function so that the inside of a living body or even the inside of a target site may be directly imaged using the interventional needle itself, and thus the interventional needle having the optical imaging function may be used as a part of a hard endoscope, eliminating the need for attachment with the hard endoscope to have a higher degree of freedom of operation, and the actual needle insertion position of the interventional needle becomes coincident with the observation field of view, and not only the surface characteristics of the target site but also deep characteristics of the target site may be observed. In addition, the interventional needle disclosed by the invention can have an optical real-time navigation function so as to efficiently guide the needle inserting process of the interventional needle, and can avoid important parts such as blood vessels, organs and the like which need to be protected in the process of the interventional needle entering a living body to reach a target part through the skin. Moreover, the interventional needle disclosed by the invention can also have a microenvironment in-situ real-time sensing function, can sense various parameters of the microenvironment outside and inside the target part and distribution conditions thereof in vivo in situ and in real time in the process of the interventional needle entering the living body to the target part through the skin and in the process of the interventional needle after entering the target part, and provides a great deal of useful reference information for the instant diagnosis and treatment decision of doctors.

An interventional needle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated that other components may be present in an actual interventional needle and are not shown in the figures and are not discussed herein in order to avoid obscuring the gist of the present disclosure. It should also be noted that, in this document, when referring to "front" it means a side close to the target site and away from the operator (usually a doctor), and when referring to "rear" it means a side away from the target site and close to the operator.

Fig. 1 and 2 schematically illustrate an intervention needle 100 for a hard endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein fig. 1 is a top view illustrating the intervention needle 100 as viewed from the front to the rear, and fig. 2 is a side view illustrating the intervention needle 100 as viewed in a direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, access needle 100 includes a needle body 102. The needle body 102 may be configured to enable percutaneous access to a living body (e.g., a human, animal body), and has a front end face 102-1 and a rear end face 102-2 opposite the front end face 102-1. The needle body 102 may be constructed of any suitable material, such as biomedical metal materials, including but not limited to one or more of stainless steel, synthetic fibers, carbon fibers, titanium alloys, gold, silver, and the like. The needle body 102 may have a hollow structure to provide a working channel 102-4 inside the needle body 102. In some embodiments, the working channel 102-4 may be configured to perform at least one of the following operations: delivery of drugs (e.g., drugs for treatment/hemostasis, etc.); delivering a cleaning fluid (e.g., physiological saline solution for cleaning dirt, sore surfaces, etc.); aspirating waste fluids (e.g., soiled cleaning fluids, spilled blood, etc.); delivering a medical device (e.g., an inner needle as described below).

As can be clearly seen in fig. 1, the working channel 102-4 is arranged eccentrically in the needle body 102 with respect to the centre axis 102-0 of the needle body 102. Here, "eccentrically arranged" can be understood as: in the cross-section of access needle 100, central axis 102-0 of needle body 102 is arranged offset from central axis 102-40 of working channel 102-4. For example, in the embodiment of fig. 1, the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102 and the central axis 102-40 of the working channel 102-4 may be arranged offset such that the outer circumference 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 is arranged approximately tangentially to the outer circumference 102-5 of the needle body 102. Here, the minimum distance between the outer circumferential surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 and the outer circumferential surface 102-5 of the needle body 102 may be, for example, not more than 0.1mm, or not more than 0.15mm, or not more than 0.2mm, or not more than 0.25mm, or not more than 0.3mm, or not more than 0.35mm, etc. By the eccentric arrangement of the working channel 102-4 in the needle body 102, other components of the interventional needle 100, such as illumination fibers 103, imaging fibers 104, navigation fibers 105, sensing fibers 106, back-up channel 107, which will be described below, may be arranged centrally in the needle body 102 on the side remote from the working channel 102-4. Thereby, the spatial layout of the component parts of the interventional needle 100 can be optimized, so that the eccentrically arranged working channel 102-4 can have a larger cross-sectional area than the centrally arranged working channel in the needle body 102, and thus a larger operating space can be provided, while the other component parts of the interventional needle 100 and their dimensions remain unchanged. On the other hand, with the cross-sectional area of working channel 102-4 remaining constant, needle body 102 of access needle 100 can be constructed smaller, which facilitates a compact design of access needle 100. When the miniaturized interventional needle 100 is used together with an existing hard endoscope, the degree of freedom of operation thereof is less restricted by the attachment between the interventional needle 100 and the hard endoscope, and the deviation between the actual needle insertion position of the interventional needle 100 and the observation field of view of the hard endoscope is also smaller, whereby the interventional medical procedure can be performed more accurately.

It is to be understood that while fig. 1 illustrates the cross-sectional shape of the needle body 102 and the working channel 102-4 as circular, this is merely exemplary and not limiting and the needle body 102 and the working channel 102-4 can have any suitable cross-sectional shape. Furthermore, although the outer circumferential surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 is arranged approximately tangentially to the outer circumferential surface 102-5 of the needle body 102 in fig. 1, this is merely exemplary and not restrictive, and the working channel 102-4 may be arranged in other positions of the needle body 102 according to the actual needs.

In some embodiments, the interventional needle 100 may further comprise at least one imaging fiber bundle 104. Each imaging fiber bundle 104 may include a plurality of optical fibers bundled. The at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 is disposed in the needle body 102 and extends longitudinally along a central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the interventional needle 100 comprises five imaging fiber bundles 104A-104e, some of which imaging fiber bundles 104A-104e are of different sizes, but this is merely exemplary and not limiting, and the interventional needle 100 may comprise any suitable number, shape and/or size of imaging fiber bundles 104, see, e.g., fig. 4A-4C, 5-7. Referring to fig. 2, the front fiber end face 104-1 of these imaging fiber bundles 104 is located at the front end face 102-1 of the needle body 102. It is noted that fig. 2 is a side view seen in a horizontal direction in the plane of the drawing of fig. 1, whereby the working channel 102-4 in fig. 2 is in fact not arranged centrally in the needle body 102 with respect to the centre axis 102-0 of the needle body 102.

The at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 may be configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within a living body and receive imaging response light from the target site so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light. Thus, the interventional needle 100 can image the interior of the living body with the imaging fiber bundle 104 disposed in the needle body 102 to obtain the surface characteristics of the target site. By providing imaging fiber bundle 104 in needle body 102, interventional needle 100 itself can have optical imaging capabilities such that imaging can be performed directly with interventional needle 100 without the need for additional optical imaging components of a hard endoscope. Therefore, the interventional needle 100 itself having the optical imaging function can be a part of the hard endoscope, the need for attachment with the hard endoscope is eliminated, a higher degree of freedom of operation is provided, and the actual needle insertion position and the observation field of view of the interventional needle 100 become coincident, contributing to accurate implementation of the interventional procedure.

In some embodiments, the imaging response light from the target site may be a reflected light of the target site from the imaging probe light. In some embodiments, the imaging responsive light from the target site may be an emission light emitted by the target site in response to absorption of the imaging probe light. In some examples, the target site may be enriched with the photoluminescent material in advance by injection or the like, and then imaging probe light including an excitation wavelength of the photoluminescent material may be emitted toward the target site via the imaging fiber bundle 104 and imaging response light emitted by the target site in response to absorption of the imaging probe light may be received, so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 includes two or more imaging fiber bundles 104 arranged in the needle 102 symmetrically about a central axis 102-0 of the needle 102. The symmetrical distribution of the imaging fiber bundles 104 may facilitate the determination of the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 with respect to the central direction of the target site based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104. Here, the symmetrical distribution of the imaging fiber bundle 104 may be, for example, an axisymmetric distribution, and more preferably, a rotationally symmetrical distribution. For example, the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 includes two

imaging fiber bundles

104c, 104e arranged in the needle body 102 rotationally symmetrically about a central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102.

In some examples of embodiments in which the imaging response light is reflected light of the target site from the imaging probe light, the wavelength range of the imaging probe light may be determined for a characteristic absorption spectral property of the target site. For example, assuming that the target site has an absorption peak at the location of the first wavelength, imaging probe light including the first wavelength may be emitted toward the target site via the imaging fiber bundle 104, and then the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at the location of the first wavelength is analyzed. If the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the location of the first wavelength is distributed among the two

imaging fiber bundles

104c, 104e such that it is stronger at the imaging fiber bundle 104c than at the imaging fiber bundle 104e, it can be said that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is lower with respect to the central direction of the target site; if the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the location of the first wavelength is distributed among the two

imaging fiber bundles

104c, 104e such that it is weaker at the imaging fiber bundle 104c than at the imaging fiber bundle 104e, it can be said that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is on the top with respect to the central direction of the target site; if the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the location of the first wavelength is distributed among the two

imaging fiber bundles

104c, 104e such that it is equal at the imaging fiber bundle 104c to the imaging fiber bundle 104e, it can be said that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is not vertically deviated from the center direction of the target portion. In some embodiments, the needle body 102 may be further rotated by 90 degrees to similarly determine whether the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 deviates from the central direction of the target site in the horizontal direction by using the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the first wavelength among the two

imaging fiber bundles

104c, 104 e. And so on, the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 from the central direction of the target site can be determined based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the two

imaging fiber bundles

104c, 104e, thereby assisting the doctor in adjusting the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 in time, and it can be determined that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is not deviated from the central direction of the target site when the signal intensity of the imaging response light is uniformly distributed among the two

imaging fiber bundles

104c, 104 e. In some examples, if the target site has absorption peaks at the locations of the plurality of wavelengths, imaging probe light including at least two wavelengths of the plurality of wavelengths may be emitted to the target site via the imaging fiber bundle 104, and then a distribution of absolute or relative values of signal intensities of the received imaging response light at the locations of the at least two wavelengths among the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104 is analyzed. This may help to more accurately determine the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 with respect to the central direction of the target site based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104.

In some examples of embodiments where the imaging response light is the emission light emitted by the target site in response to absorption of the imaging probe light, the target site may be enriched in the photoluminescent material in advance by injection or the like, and then the imaging probe light including the excitation wavelength of the photoluminescent material may be emitted to the target site via the imaging fiber bundle 104, and then the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at the position of the emission wavelength of the photoluminescent material is analyzed. In the case of liver tumor diagnosis, a physician usually performs an interventional operation on the liver with tumor, and a photoluminescent material, such as Indocyanine Green (ICG) dye, is usually injected before the operation. In this way, during the course of the interventional needle 100 advancing to the liver tumor, 730nm imaging probe light can be emitted via the imaging fiber bundle for exciting the ICG dye enriched in the liver tumor to emit light, and then the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at the position of the emission wavelength of the ICG dye is analyzed. If the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the emission wavelength is distributed among the two

imaging fiber bundles

104c, 104e in such a way that it is stronger at the imaging fiber bundle 104c than at the imaging fiber bundle 104e, it can be said that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is on the upper side with respect to the central direction of the target site; if the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the emission wavelength is distributed among the two

imaging fiber bundles

104c, 104e in a manner that the signal intensity is weaker at the imaging fiber bundle 104c than at the imaging fiber bundle 104e, it can be said that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is lower with respect to the central direction of the target site; if the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the emission wavelength is distributed among the two

imaging fiber bundles

104c, 104e in such a way that it is equal to the imaging fiber bundle 104e at the imaging fiber bundle 104c, it can be said that the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is not vertically deviated from the central direction of the target site. In some embodiments, the needle body 102 can be further rotated by 90 degrees to similarly determine whether the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is deviated from the center direction of the target site in the horizontal direction by using the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the position of the emission wavelength among the two

imaging fiber bundles

104c, 104 e. In some examples, if the target site has emission peaks at the locations of the plurality of wavelengths, the distribution of the absolute or relative values of the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at the locations of at least two of the plurality of wavelengths among the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104 may be analyzed. This may help to more accurately determine the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 with respect to the central direction of the target site based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104.

Therefore, the interventional needle 100 can also realize an optical real-time navigation function through the imaging optical fiber bundle 104, which not only helps a doctor to navigate the interventional needle 100 to the vicinity of a target part, but also helps the doctor to confirm whether the needle insertion direction and position of the interventional needle 100 are proper or not. The symmetrically arranged two or more imaging fiber bundles 104 may additionally or alternatively perform the following functions: during operation, the field of view of a single imaging fiber bundle 104 may be obscured, and thus, the symmetrically arranged two or more imaging fiber bundles 104 may reduce the likelihood of the field of view being completely obscured, resulting in a more complete, stable, and clear field of view for the operator.

Additionally, in some embodiments, each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 may be configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward a target site within a living body and receive imaging response light from the target site. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, each imaging fiber bundle 104a-104e has both light emitting and light receiving functionality. In some embodiments, each imaging fiber bundle 104a-104e may have attached at its front fiber end face 104-1 an objective lens 104-3 of a size comparable to that of the imaging fiber bundle. The objective lens 104-3 may be, for example, a micro objective lens having a diameter in the range of 0.3mm to 1mm, such as a fish-eye lens or the like. FIG. 3 illustrates an example configuration of an imaging fiber bundle 104, the imaging fiber bundle 104 having a front fiber-optic endface 104-1 and a rear fiber-optic endface 104-2, with an objective lens 104-3 mounted on the front fiber-optic endface 104-1 for facilitating light collection by the imaging fiber bundle 104. In embodiments where each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 has both light emitting and light receiving functionality, in some examples, some or all of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 may be disposed in the needle 102 symmetrically (e.g., rotationally symmetrically) about the central axis 102-0 of the needle 102.

On the other hand, it is also possible to have the light emitting function and the light receiving function performed by different imaging fiber bundles 104, respectively. In some embodiments, the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 may include a first component imaging fiber bundle configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within a living body and a second component imaging fiber bundle configured to receive imaging response light from the target site. That is, the first constituent image fiber bundle is used to perform a light emitting function, and the second constituent image fiber bundle is used to perform a light receiving function. For example, referring to fig. 4A (where, for clarity, the working channel 102-4 is not shown so as to obscure the emphasis herein, and each imaging fiber bundle 104A-104d illustratively has the same shape and size), a first constituent imaging fiber bundle may comprise imaging fiber bundles 104A, 104c (which may be referred to as an emitting imaging fiber bundle for purposes of illustration and is indicated by left diagonal shading in the figure), while a second constituent imaging fiber bundle may comprise

imaging fiber bundles

104b, 104d (which may be referred to as a receiving imaging fiber bundle for purposes of illustration and is indicated by right diagonal shading in the figure). The second constituent imaging fiber bundle may include at least two imaging fiber bundles. In some examples, some or all of the at least two imaging fiber bundles of the second constituent imaging fiber bundle may be symmetrically arranged about a central axis 102-0 of the needle 102, e.g., axially or rotationally symmetrically arranged in the needle 102. As previously mentioned, the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 with respect to the center direction of the target site may be determined similarly based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the symmetrically arranged imaging fiber bundles in the second set of imaging fiber bundles, and will not be described herein again. Each imaging fiber bundle of the second set of imaging fiber bundles may have attached at its front fiber end face, for example, an objective lens of comparable size to the imaging fiber bundle for facilitating light collection. The number and arrangement of imaging fiber bundles in the first set of imaging fiber bundles may take any suitable configuration. For example, whether the first constituent image fiber bundle is properly arranged can be simply judged as follows: the interventional needle 100 is positioned in front of the reflecting mirror surface perpendicular to the reflecting mirror surface, transmits light with the same intensity to each transmitting imaging fiber bundle in the first group of imaging fiber bundles and determines whether the emergent light intensity of each receiving imaging fiber bundle in the second group of imaging fiber bundles is the same, and if so, the configuration mode of the first group of imaging fiber bundles can be considered to be proper. In some examples, the first constituent imaging fiber bundles may be configured such that the relative positional relationship of the received imaging fiber bundles to the respective transmit imaging fiber bundles is the same between the respective received imaging fiber bundles in the second set of imaging fiber bundles. In some examples, the first constituent image fiber bundles may be symmetrically distributed on a first circle about the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102, and the second constituent image fiber bundles may be symmetrically distributed on a second circle concentric with the first circle about the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102. The first circle may have the same diameter as the second circle (i.e. the first and second constituent image fiber bundles are each symmetrically distributed on the same circle), for example with reference to fig. 4A and 4B, or the first circle may have a larger or smaller diameter than the second circle, for example with reference to fig. 4C, wherein the first and second circles are indicated by dashed lines in fig. 4A to 4C and the working channel 102-4 is not shown for the sake of clarity. In some embodiments, one or more transmit imaging fiber bundles from the first constituent imaging fiber bundles may be positioned adjacent to corresponding one or more receive imaging fiber bundles from the second constituent imaging fiber bundles. For example, in fig. 4B, each receive imaging fiber bundle is positioned adjacent to a respective two transmit imaging fiber bundles; in fig. 4C, each receiving imaging fiber bundle is positioned adjacent to a respective one of the transmitting imaging fiber bundles.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, in a cross-section of the interventional needle 100, the outer circumferential surface 104-5 of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 and the outer circumferential surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 may be arranged in an approximately tangential manner. Here, the minimum distance between the outer circumferential surface 104-5 of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 and the outer circumferential surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 may be no more than 0.1mm, or no more than 0.15mm, or no more than 0.2mm, or no more than 0.25mm, or no more than 0.3mm, or no more than 0.35mm, etc. Further in some embodiments, in a cross-section of the interventional needle 100, an outer circumferential surface 104-5 of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 and an outer circumferential surface 102-5 of the needle body 102 may be arranged in an approximately tangential manner. Here, the minimum distance between the outer circumferential surface 104-5 of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 and the outer circumferential surface 102-5 of the needle body 102 may be not more than 0.1mm, or not more than 0.15mm, or not more than 0.2mm, or not more than 0.25mm, or not more than 0.3mm, or not more than 0.35mm, or the like. In some embodiments, the maximum value of the outer diameter of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 may be at least 86%, at least 88%, at least 90%, at least 92%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% of the difference between the outer diameter of the needle body 102 and the outer diameter of the working channel 102-4.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5 (working channel 102-4 is not shown for clarity), interventional needle 100 may further include a navigation fiber bundle 105 disposed in needle body 102. The navigation fiber bundle 105 may extend longitudinally along the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102 and have a front fiber end face 105-1 located at the front end face of the needle body 102. The navigation fiber bundle 105 may be configured to emit navigation probe light into the living body and receive navigation response light derived from the navigation probe light, so as to locate and distinguish a portion or important portion, such as a blood vessel, an organ, or the like, in the living body, which is not expected to be penetrated by the interventional needle 100, based on the navigation response light, so as to prevent an operation accident from occurring. In some embodiments, the navigation response light may be an emission light emitted by the significant site in response to absorption of the navigation probe light, e.g. different significant sites may be enriched in advance by means of injection or the like with different photoluminescent materials having different emission spectra. In some embodiments, the navigation response light may be a reflected light of the important part to the navigation probe light, for example, different important parts may have different absorption spectra. The navigation probe light including the absorption wavelength unique to each important part may be emitted in turn via the navigation fiber bundle 105 in a polling manner so as to perform location identification on each important part in turn, or the navigation probe light including a plurality of absorption wavelengths common to a plurality of important parts may be emitted via the navigation fiber bundle 105 and the relative values of the signal intensities of the received navigation response light at the plurality of absorption wavelengths may be analyzed so as to perform location identification on each important part. For example, for a venous blood vessel and an arterial blood vessel (both of which are significantly different in color), 680nm and 850nm navigation probe light may be alternately emitted via the navigation fiber bundle 105, and since the absorption intensity of the venous blood vessel to 680nm has a first ratio to the absorption intensity to 850nm and the absorption intensity of the arterial blood vessel to 680nm has a second ratio different from the first ratio to the absorption intensity to 850nm, it is possible to judge whether it is a venous blood vessel or an arterial blood vessel based on the ratio of the signal intensity of the navigation response light at 680nm to the signal intensity at 850nm and guide the doctor to avoid them when operating the interventional needle 100. In some embodiments, the imaging fiber bundle 104 mentioned in the foregoing may also be used as the navigation fiber bundle 105 herein, that is, the imaging fiber bundle 104 may also be used to perform a function of avoiding the important part of the interventional needle 100, for example, a function of imaging the target part and a function of avoiding the important part of the interventional needle 100 may be alternately performed by causing the imaging fiber bundle 104 to alternately emit the imaging probe light and the navigation probe light. The arrangement embodiment of the navigation fiber bundle 105 can be similar to that of the imaging fiber bundle 104, and is not described in detail here.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the interventional needle 100 may further comprise one or more illumination fibers 103 arranged in the needle body 102 and extending longitudinally along the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102, a front fiber end face of the one or more illumination fibers 103 being located at the front end face 102-1 of the needle body 102, wherein the one or more illumination fibers 103 may be configured for illuminating a target site within a living body. The illumination fiber 103 may for example be one fiber, which may be much thinner compared to the imaging fiber bundle 104, so that a plurality of illumination fibers 103 may be arranged at a plurality of positions within the needle body 102. In some embodiments, the one or more illumination fibers 103 may include a plurality of illumination fibers 103 configured to emit illumination light of different wavelengths from each other. For example, the wavelength ranges of the illumination light of the plurality of illumination fibers 103 may be different from each other but partially overlap to collectively constitute a wide wavelength range. The light conducted by the illumination fiber 103 may, for example, have at least one of the following: stronger brightness, wider color gamut, higher color saturation. Thereby, the illumination fiber 103 may illuminate the field of view of the imaging fiber bundle 104, which is advantageous for improving the imaging quality of the imaging fiber bundle 104.

In some embodiments, at least one spare channel 107 (shown by way of non-limiting example as two spare channels 107 in the embodiment in fig. 6) may be provided inside the needle body 102. The at least one backup tunnel 107 may for example be configured for performing at least one of the following operations: delivering a medical device; delivering the drug; pumping waste liquid; and conveying the cleaning liquid. The at least one backup channel 107 may be configured to cooperate with the working channel 102-4. For example, one backup channel 107 may be used to deliver cleaning fluid and another backup channel 107 may be used to aspirate waste fluid, while the working channel 102-4 may be used to deliver medical devices to operate with the medical devices delivered by the working channel 102-4 on the sore surface cleaned by the cleaning fluid delivered via the backup channel 107. As shown in fig. 6, the at least one spare channel 107 may be configured to be narrower than the working channel 102-4.

Various embodiments of interventional needle 100 with microenvironment in situ real-time awareness functionality will be described below. As shown in fig. 7 (working channel 102-4 is not shown for clarity), in some embodiments, the interventional needle 100 may also alternatively or additionally comprise one or more sets of sensing fibers 106, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 being arranged in the needle body 102 and extending longitudinally along the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102 such that the leading fiber end faces 106-1 of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 are located at the leading end face 102-1 of the needle body 102 so as to be in direct contact with the microenvironment inside the living body. Each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers 106 may be for sensing a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the living body. Each sensing optical fiber of each set of sensing optical fibers 106 may comprise a probe having a photoluminescent material at its front fiber end face, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation of the respective one parameter. Each sensing optical fiber of each set of sensing optical fibers 106 of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers 106 may be configured to transmit excitation light towards the photoluminescent material of the probe and to receive emission light from the photoluminescent material in order to determine a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the living body based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material. In some embodiments, each set of sensing fibers 106 of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 may each be disposed symmetrically in the needle 102 about the central axis 102-0 of the needle 102. The symmetrical arrangement of the sensing fibers may facilitate analysis of the distribution of parameters of the microenvironment. In some examples, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 may each be rotationally symmetrically distributed on a respective one or more concentric circles. In some examples, two or more of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 may be distributed on the same circle. In some embodiments, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 may be distributed on the same circle (as indicated by the dashed line in fig. 7) as the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104, or on different concentric circles. The sensing fiber may be, for example, a piece of fiber, which may be much thinner than the imaging fiber bundle.

In some embodiments, the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers 106 may include one or more of: a first set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more first sensing optical fibers for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the living body, a probe of each first sensing optical fiber of the first set of sensing optical fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with changes in temperature; a second set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more second sensing optical fibers for sensing an oxygen concentration of a microenvironment inside the living body, the probe of each second sensing optical fiber of the second set of sensing optical fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a change in the oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing optical fibers including one or more third sensing optical fibers for sensing a ph of the microenvironment inside the living body, the probe of each third sensing optical fiber of the third set of sensing optical fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a change in the ph. For example, referring to fig. 7, interventional needle 100 may include a first set of sensing fibers 1061a for sensing temperature, a second set of sensing fibers 1062a for sensing oxygen concentration, and a third set of sensing fibers 1063a for sensing ph. Although each set of sensing fibers is illustrated in fig. 7 as including one sensing fiber each, this is merely exemplary and not limiting, and each set of sensing fibers may include any suitable number of sensing fibers. When each set of sensing fibres comprises a plurality of sensing fibres distributed at different locations, determining the distribution of the respective one parameter is facilitated. As a non-limiting example, the first photoluminescent material may include Er ³⁺ Doped rare earth upconversion nanoparticles (core Er, as shown in FIG. 9A) ³⁺ The outer layer of the doped rare earth nano particle is coated with a shell layer to enhance the luminescence property, so that NaYF with a core-shell structure is formed ₄ :Yb,Er@NaLuF ₄ Up-converting the nanoparticles; for example, 980nm excitation light may be transmitted thereto via a first sensing fiber, and then a change in temperature in the microenvironment is determined based on a change in the ratio of the signal intensities at 525nm and 545nm in the emission spectrum thereof), the second photoluminescent material may comprise a benzoporphyrin-like metal complex (as shown in fig. 9B, for example, 635nm excitation light may be transmitted thereto via a second sensing fiber, and then a change in oxygen concentration in the microenvironment is determined based on a change in the emission intensity thereof), and the third photoluminescent material may comprise a polymethine cyanine dye derivative (as shown in fig. 9C, for example, 635nm excitation light and 680nm excitation light may be transmitted thereto via a third sensing fiber, respectively, and then a change in the ph value may be determined based on a change in the ratio of the emission intensities under both excitation light conditions). Referring to FIG. 8, the sensing fiber 106 can include a front fiber-optic endface 106-1 and a rear fiber-optic endface 106-2, with the probe 106-3 formed on the front fiber-optic endface 106-1. For example, the photoluminescent material and the polymer matrix material may be premixed, and then added into a cylindrical hollow mold to be cured and formed to obtain a probe, and then the probe is fusion-assembled at one end of the optical fiber to obtain the sensing optical fiber 106. The polymer matrix material can include, for example, polymethacrylic acid, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol, etc., and these polymer materials have good biocompatibility and can be organically fused with the optical fiber to form a thin layer to modify the surface of the optical fiber, thereby realizing biological functionalization. The sensing optical fiber 106 prepared by the present disclosure may have excellent detection performance indexes, such as temperature detection better than ± 1 degree celsius, oxygen concentration detection better than ± 1%, and ph detection better than ± 0.1.

Through the sensing optical fibers 106, the states and distribution conditions of various parameters of the local microenvironment of the living body where the front end surface of the needle body 102 is located can be known in situ and in real time, thereby being beneficial to guiding doctors to make reliable diagnosis and treatment decisions in real time. For example, when the oxygen concentration is found to be too low, the physician cannot treat the tumor with photodynamic therapy, and needs to switch to other therapies.

In some embodiments, access needle 100 may further include a fiber optic interface (not shown) that may be disposed on the rear face 102-2 of needle body 102 or on a portion of a side of needle body 102 that is proximal to rear face 102-2. For example, the rear fiber end faces of all fibers (illumination fiber 103, imaging fiber bundle 104, navigation fiber bundle 105, sensing fiber 106) of the needle body 102 may be arranged at the fiber interfaces in a predetermined rule. For example, all of the rear fiber end faces may be arranged in an array at the fiber interface. With this arrangement, it is convenient to detect the signal from each rear fibre-optic endface by imaging the fibre-optic interface, and also to couple the desired light into each rear fibre-optic endface. In some examples, the rear fiber end faces of the optical fibers for emitting light may be arranged together and the rear fiber end faces of the optical fibers for receiving light may be arranged together at the fiber interface to input light to and output light from the optical fibers of the interventional needle 100. In some examples, the interventional needle 100 may comprise a first fiber optic interface provided with a rear fiber optic end face of an optical fiber for emitting light and a second fiber optic interface provided with a rear fiber optic end face of an optical fiber for receiving light. The fiber optic interface may be optically coupled to the light source device and the detection device outside the living body using a suitable optical transmission member such as a fiber optic connector, a fiber optic cable, or the like.

Referring back to fig. 2, in some embodiments, access needle 100 may further include an inner needle 110 removably disposed within working channel 102-4 of needle body 102. The inner needle 110 may be constructed of any suitable material, such as a biomedical metallic material, including, but not limited to, one or more of stainless steel, synthetic fiber, carbon fiber, titanium alloy, gold, silver, and the like. The inner needle 110 may be formed of the same material as the needle body 102. The inner needle 110 is operable to access the interior of the target site when the needle body 102 is navigated at or near the target site. Generally, the needle body 102 may stop moving when moving to a position of about 2mm near the target site, and then the inner needle 110 may be inserted into the target site by pushing the inner needle 110. Since the eccentric arrangement of the working channel 102-4 of the interventional needle 100 enables the working channel 102-4 to provide a larger operation space, the inner needle 110 can have a larger degree of freedom of operation in the working channel 102-4, for example, not only linear movement but also non-linear movement such as rotation, swing, etc., thereby allowing the physician to control the inner needle 110 to perform a complicated and diversified operation.

The inner needle 110 may be configured similarly to the various embodiments described above with respect to the needle body 102. The design of the inner needle 110 may also differ from the needle body 102 in view of practical clinical requirements and functionally complementary to the needle body 102. For example, in one aspect, considering that the inner needle 110 forms a nested structure with the needle body 102, when the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 is determined by the imaging fiber bundle 104 and/or the navigation fiber bundle 105 in the needle body 102, the needle insertion direction of the inner needle 110 is also substantially determined accordingly, so that the navigation fiber bundle may not be additionally arranged on the inner needle 110 for navigation positioning of the inner needle 110; in another aspect, inner needle 110 can be designed to perform different functions for different treatment modes. Several example inner needles are described below in conjunction with fig. 10, 11, 12A, and 12B.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10, the inner needle 110 may include one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 disposed in the inner needle 110, the one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 extending longitudinally along the central axis 110-0 of the inner needle 110 and having a leading fiber end face 112-1 located at or near the leading end face 110-1 of the inner needle 110. In some examples, each of the one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 may have attached at its front fiber end face 112-1 an objective lens, such as a fish-eye lens, of comparable size to the imaging fiber bundle 112. The one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 may be configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within a living body and receive imaging response light from the target site to image the target site based on the imaging response light. The imaging response light may be reflected light (e.g., direct imaging) or emitted light (e.g., fluorescence imaging) from the imaging probe light. Such an inner needle 110 may be referred to as an imaging inner needle. The imaging fiber bundle of the imaging inner needle 110 may not have a sensing function and is only used for real-time in-situ imaging. The imaging fiber bundle 112 may include a bundle of multiple fibers, which may be thicker than the aforementioned sensing fibers 106 but thinner than the imaging fiber bundle 104 and/or navigation fiber bundle 105. Commercially available imaging fiber bundles 112 may be used in the imaging inner needle 110. In some embodiments, the imaging fiber bundle 112 of the imaging inner needle 110 may be, for example, a near-infrared imaging fiber bundle, and the imaging probe light may include, for example, light having a wavelength of 1064 nm. It will be appreciated that other wavelength ranges of the imaging probe light are possible. The imaging inner needle 110 may be, for example, based on 22G (international standard needle gauge) non-invasive needle modification, which uses wide-angle retinal technology and beam shaping technology to perform optical reconstruction imaging on a target part, and can be used for real-time tissue microstructure imaging of a hyperfine region. In some embodiments, each imaging fiber bundle 112 may be configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward a target site within a living body and receive imaging response light from the target site, i.e., each imaging fiber bundle has both light emitting and light receiving functions. In some embodiments, a portion of the one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 may be configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within a living body and another portion of the imaging fiber bundles may be configured to receive imaging response light from the target site, i.e., the light emitting function and the light receiving function are performed by different imaging fiber bundles. The imaging fiber bundles 112 may be arranged in any suitable manner, for example, in an array, as shown in FIG. 10.

By providing the inner imaging needle 110, the interventional needle 100 can obtain deep features of the target site by introducing the inner imaging needle 110 inside the target site and imaging the inside of the target site with the imaging fiber bundle 112 provided in the inner imaging needle 110.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 11, inner needle 110 may include one or more sets of sensing fibers 116 disposed in inner needle 110, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 116 extending longitudinally along a central axis 110-0 of inner needle 110 and having a front fiber end face 116-1 located at or near a front end face 110-1 of inner needle 110. Each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers 116 may be used to sense a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site. Each sensing optical fiber of each set of sensing optical fibers 116 may include a probe head having a photoluminescent material at a front fiber end face 116-1 thereof, which photoluminescent material may be configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the respective one parameter. Each sensing optical fiber of each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers 116 may be configured to transmit excitation light towards the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emission light from the photoluminescent material to determine the respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material. The sensing fiber 116 disposed in the inner needle 110 may be similar to the sensing fiber 106 disposed in the needle body 102, as previously described, and thus, a detailed description thereof may be omitted. Such an inner needle 110 may be referred to as an interventional inner needle. Since the needle 102 does not typically enter inside the target site, the sensing fibers 106 arranged in the needle 102 cannot sense parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site. While interventional inner needle 110 may penetrate into the target site, parameters of the local microenvironment inside the target site may be sensed in situ in real time with sensing fibers 116 disposed in interventional inner needle 110. In some embodiments, for example, referring to fig. 11, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 116 may include one or more of: a first set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more first sensing optical fibers 1161a-1161d for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site, the probe of each first sensing optical fiber of the first set of sensing optical fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with changes in temperature; a second set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more second sensing optical fibers 1162a, 1162b for sensing oxygen concentration of the microenvironment inside the target site, the probe of each second sensing optical fiber of the second set of sensing optical fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with variations in oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more third sensing

optical fibers

1163a, 1163b for sensing the ph of the microenvironment inside the target site, the probe of each third sensing optical fiber of the third set of sensing optical fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with the ph. In some examples, the interventional inner needle 110 may also be adapted based on a 22G non-invasive needle, and thus may be deployed at multiple sites in the living body based on the characteristics of the non-invasive needle, thereby providing a tool basis for studying microenvironment linkages or monitoring physiological conditions. In some embodiments, each set of sensing fibers 116 of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 116 may each be disposed symmetrically (e.g., rotationally symmetrically) in the interventional inner needle 110 about a central axis 110-0 of the interventional inner needle 110. The symmetrical arrangement of the sensing fibers may facilitate analysis of the distribution of parameters of the microenvironment. In some embodiments, the interventional inner needle 110 may also have a hollow channel 110-4, for example for injecting chemical ablation drugs (e.g., alcohol, etc.) to the target site for chemical ablation. In some examples, hollow channel 110-4 may be concentrically arranged about a central axis 110-0 of interventional inner needle 110, for example as shown in fig. 11. In some examples, hollow channel 110-4 may also be disposed eccentrically with respect to a central axis 110-0 of interventional inner needle 110. Thereby, the spatial layout of the components of the interventional inner needle 110 can be optimized, so that the eccentrically arranged hollow channel 110-4 can have a larger cross-sectional area and thus can provide a larger operation space, while the other components of the interventional inner needle 110 and their dimensions remain unchanged. On the other hand, in the case where the cross-sectional area of the hollow channel 110-4 is kept constant, the interventional inner needle 110 can be constructed smaller, which is advantageous in terms of the miniaturized design of the interventional inner needle 110. A miniaturized interventional inner needle 110, when used with the needle body 102 of an interventional needle 100, may on the one hand have a higher degree of operational freedom with the cross-sectional area of the working channel 102-4 remaining constant and on the other hand may allow the working channel 102-4 and even the entire needle body 102 to be constructed smaller.

In some embodiments, the inner needle 110 may be configured for thermal ablation of the target site. Such an inner needle may be referred to as a thermal ablation inner needle. The thermal ablation inner needle 110 may be, for example, a radiofrequency ablation needle. Since temperature distribution monitoring is important during operation of the thermal ablation inner needle, as shown in fig. 12A, the thermal ablation inner needle 110 may include one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 arranged in the inner needle 110, the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 extending longitudinally along the central axis 110-0 of the inner needle 110. With further reference to fig. 12B, the front fiber end face 1161-1 of each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 is located at a respective one of the cross-sections (shown as dashed line A, B, C, D, E, F) of the inner pin 110 between the front end face 110-1 to the back end face 110-2. Each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 may be used to sense the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target site. Each temperature sensing optical fiber 1161 in each set of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 may include a probe head at its front optical fiber end face 1161-1 having a photoluminescent material that may be configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature. Each temperature sensing optical fiber of each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 is configured to transmit excitation light towards the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emission light from the photoluminescent material to determine a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material. The output power of the thermal ablation inner needle may be controlled based on the determined temperature to stabilize the microenvironment temperature of the target site around a desired temperature. The temperature sensing fiber 1161 may be similar to the first sensing fiber 1061a for sensing temperature, and thus the description thereof is omitted here. In some embodiments, if a first set of temperature sensing optical fibers of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 is closer to the front end face of the inner needle than a second set of temperature sensing optical fibers of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161, the temperature sensing optical fiber density of the first set of temperature sensing optical fibers may be greater than the temperature sensing optical fiber density of the second set of temperature sensing optical fibers. The temperature sensing optical fiber density refers to the ratio of the number of a group of temperature sensing optical fibers to the area of the cross section of the inner needle where the front optical fiber end face of the group of temperature sensing optical fibers is located. For example, as shown in fig. 12B, the temperature sensing fiber density at cross-section C is greater than the temperature sensing fiber density at cross-section D. Since the thermal conductivity of the material forming the inner needle 110 is generally good, the front fiber end face of the temperature sensing fiber 1161 does not have to be exposed to the surface of the inner needle 110, but may be located inside the inner needle 110. In addition, the thermal ablation inner needle 110 can also be adapted based on a 22G non-invasive needle, whereby the needle can be deployed at multiple important sites during the thermal ablation process, thereby forming thermal ablation temperature monitoring loops to guide efficient deployment of the thermal ablation procedure. When monitoring reveals that a lesion does not meet the temperature requirements for thermal ablation, the thermal ablation inner needle may be replaced with the interventional inner needle described previously with respect to fig. 11 and chemical ablation may be performed by injecting alcohol or the like through the hollow channel of the interventional inner needle.

It is to be understood that what has been described above in connection with fig. 10, 11, 12A and 12B are merely a few non-limiting examples of inner needles 110 that may be used in combination with the needle body 102. The inner needle 110 may be designed based on any embodiment or combination of the present disclosure according to actual needs. The inner needle 110 may be longer than the needle body 102, and an optical fiber interface may also be provided at the rear end surface 110-2 of the inner needle 110 or a portion of the side surface of the inner needle 110 near the rear end surface 110-2 for arranging the rear optical fiber end surfaces of the optical fibers in the inner needle 110 in a predetermined rule.

According to the intervention needle for the hard endoscope, the spatial layout of the components of the intervention needle can be optimized through the eccentric arrangement of the working channel in the needle body, so that the construction of the working channel with larger cross section area is facilitated or the miniaturization design of the intervention needle is facilitated. Moreover, the interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may have an optical imaging function itself to directly serve as an imaging part of the hard endoscope, thereby avoiding the use of a complex assembly of an existing hard endoscope for imaging and an interventional needle for interventional medical procedures, and may maintain good consistency of the needle insertion orientation and the observation field of view of the interventional needle. In addition, the interventional needle for the hard endoscope according to various embodiments of the present disclosure can guide the needle insertion process of the interventional needle by using an in-situ real-time optical navigation function, and can also utilize a photoluminescence probe to sensitively monitor in-situ real-time and utilize optical fibers to high-fidelity extract numerical values and distribution conditions of parameters such as temperature, oxygen concentration, pH value and the like of a microenvironment in a living body and in a target part, and feed back treatment intensity and effects of diagnosis and treatment means such as thermotherapy, chemotherapy and the like in time, so that a doctor can adjust a diagnosis and treatment strategy in real time. Furthermore, the illumination optical fiber, the navigation optical fiber bundle, the imaging optical fiber bundle and the various sensing optical fibers of the interventional needle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are all disposed within the needle body or the inner needle, and thus may enter into a living body using the interventional channel of the interventional needle and be protected by the interventional needle, so that an optical signal caused by a slight change of a microenvironment may be transferred to an analysis apparatus outside the body, while interference of biological tissues with the optical signal may be resisted.

In another aspect, the present disclosure also provides a hard endoscope, which may include the interventional needle according to any one of the above embodiments of the present disclosure, and will not be described herein again. Since the in-situ imaging capability and in-situ monitoring capability of the interventional needle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure allow for in-situ diagnosis and treatment of a target site, the interventional needle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure requires less surgical space, so that a hard endoscope including the interventional needle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure no longer needs to inflate the body of a patient to dilate a body cavity before an interventional procedure is performed, which advantageously simplifies a surgical procedure, reduces surgical costs, and improves patient comfort.

The terms "left," "right," "front," "back," "top," "bottom," "over," "under," "upper," "lower," and the like in the description and in the claims, if any, are used for descriptive purposes and not necessarily for describing permanent relative positions. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the disclosure described herein are, for example, capable of operation in other orientations than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. For example, features described originally as "above" other features may be described as "below" other features when the device in the figures is inverted. The device may also be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the relative spatial relationships may be interpreted accordingly.

In the description and claims, an element being "on," "attached to," "connected to," coupled to, "or contacting" another element may be directly on, attached to, connected to, coupled to or contacting the other element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," directly attached to, "directly connected to," directly coupled to "or" directly contacting "another element, there are no intervening elements present. In the description and claims, one feature may be "adjacent" another feature, and may mean that one feature has a portion that overlaps with or is above or below the adjacent feature.

As used herein, the word "exemplary" means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," and not as a "model" that is to be reproduced exactly. Any implementation exemplarily described herein is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Furthermore, the disclosure is not limited by any expressed or implied theory presented in the technical field, background, brief summary or the detailed description.

As used herein, the term "substantially" is intended to encompass any minor variation resulting from design or manufacturing imperfections, device or component tolerances, environmental influences, and/or other factors. The word "substantially" also allows for differences from a perfect or ideal situation due to parasitics, noise, and other practical considerations that may exist in a practical implementation.

In addition, "first," "second," and like terms may also be used herein for reference purposes only, and thus are not intended to be limiting. For example, the terms "first," "second," and other such numerical terms referring to structures or elements do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context.

It will be further understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "includes" and/or "including," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

In the present disclosure, the term "providing" is used broadly to encompass all ways of obtaining an object, and thus "providing an object" includes, but is not limited to, "purchasing," "preparing/manufacturing," "arranging/setting," "installing/assembling," and/or "ordering" the object, and the like.

As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the boundaries between the above described operations merely illustrative. Multiple operations may be combined into a single operation, single operations may be distributed in additional operations, and operations may be performed at least partially overlapping in time. Moreover, alternative embodiments may include multiple instances of a particular operation, and the order of operations may be altered in various other embodiments. However, other modifications, variations, and alternatives are also possible. The aspects and elements of all embodiments disclosed above may be combined in any manner and/or in combination with aspects or elements of other embodiments to provide multiple additional embodiments. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.

Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing examples are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The various embodiments disclosed herein may be combined in any combination without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. It will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An access needle for a hard endoscope, characterized by comprising a needle body configured to be percutaneously accessible to a living body, wherein the needle body has a hollow structure to provide a working channel inside the needle body, the working channel being arranged in the needle body eccentrically with respect to a central axis of the needle body.

2. The intervention needle for a hard endoscope of claim 1, wherein a minimum distance between an outer circumferential surface of the working channel and an outer circumferential surface of the needle body in a cross-section of the intervention needle is not more than 0.1 mm.

3. The intervention needle for a hard endoscope of claim 1 or 2, comprising at least one imaging fiber bundle disposed in the needle body and extending longitudinally along a central axis of the needle body, a front fiber end face of the at least one imaging fiber bundle being located at a front end face of the needle body,

wherein the at least one imaging fiber bundle is configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

4. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 3, wherein each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle is configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site, and each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle has attached at a front fiber end face thereof an objective lens of a size comparable to the imaging fiber bundle.

5. The intervention needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 4, wherein the at least one imaging fiber bundle comprises two or more imaging fiber bundles symmetrically arranged in the needle body with respect to the central axis of the needle body so as to determine a deviation of an insertion direction of the needle body from a central direction of the target site based on a distribution of signal intensity of the imaging response light among the two or more imaging fiber bundles.

6. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope as defined in claim 3, wherein the at least one imaging fiber bundle includes a first constituent imaging fiber bundle configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and a second constituent imaging fiber bundle configured to receive imaging response light from the target site, one or more of the first group of imaging fiber bundles are positioned adjacent to a corresponding one or more of the second group of imaging fiber bundles, and each of the second group of imaging fiber bundles has attached at a front fiber end face thereof an objective lens of a size comparable to the imaging fiber bundle.

7. The intervention needle for a hard endoscope of claim 3, wherein in a cross-section of the intervention needle, a minimum distance between an outer circumferential surface of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle and an outer circumferential surface of the working channel is no more than 0.1 mm.

8. The access needle for a hard endoscope of claim 3, wherein the maximum value of the outer diameter of each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle is at least 90% of the difference between the outer diameter of the needle body and the outer diameter of the working channel.

9. The intervention needle for a hard endoscope of claim 1 or 2, further comprising one or more illumination fibers disposed in the needle body and extending longitudinally along a central axis of the needle body, a front fiber end face of the one or more illumination fibers being located at a front end face of the needle body, wherein the one or more illumination fibers are configured for illuminating a target site within the living body.

10. The intervention needle for a hard endoscope of claim 9, wherein the one or more illumination fibers comprise a plurality of illumination fibers configured to emit illumination light of wavelengths different from each other.

11. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the working channel is configured for performing at least one of the following operations: delivering a medical device; delivering the drug; pumping waste liquid; and conveying the cleaning liquid.

12. An intervention needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one backup channel is provided inside the needle body, the at least one backup channel being configured for performing at least one of the following operations: delivering a medical device; delivering the drug; pumping waste liquid; and conveying the cleaning liquid.

13. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

one or more sets of sensing optical fibers disposed in the needle body and extending longitudinally along a central axis of the needle body such that forward fiber end faces of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers are located at a forward end face of the needle body,

wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers is for sensing a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the living body, each of the sensing optical fibers of the set includes a probe head having a photoluminescent material at a front fiber end face thereof, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies as a function of the respective one of the parameters, and

wherein each sensing optical fiber of each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers is configured to transmit excitation light towards the photoluminescent material of the probe and to receive emission light from the photoluminescent material in order to determine the respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the living body based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material.

14. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope as defined in claim 13, wherein the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers include one or more of:

a first set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more first sensing optical fibers for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the living body, the probe of each first sensing optical fiber of the first set of sensing optical fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with changes in temperature;

a second set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more second sensing optical fibers for sensing an oxygen concentration of a microenvironment inside the living body, the probe of each second sensing optical fiber of the second set of sensing optical fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation in the oxygen concentration; and

a third set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more third sensing optical fibers for sensing a pH of a microenvironment inside the living body, the probe of each third sensing optical fiber of the third set of sensing optical fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a change in pH.

15. The access needle for a hard endoscope of claim 1 or 2, further comprising an inner needle removably disposed within the working channel of the needle body, the inner needle operable to access inside the target site when the needle body is navigated at or near the target site.

16. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 15, wherein the inner needle includes one or more imaging fiber bundles disposed therein, the one or more imaging fiber bundles extending longitudinally along a central axis of the inner needle and having a leading fiber end face located at or near a leading end face of the inner needle, each of the one or more imaging fiber bundles having attached at its leading fiber end face an objective lens of a size comparable to the imaging fiber bundle,

wherein the one or more imaging fiber bundles are configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

17. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope as defined in claim 15, wherein the inner needle includes one or more sets of sensing optical fibers disposed therein, the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers extending longitudinally along a central axis of the inner needle and having a leading optical fiber end face located at or near a leading end face of the inner needle,

wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing fibres is for sensing a respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site, each of the sensing fibres of the set of sensing fibres comprises a probe head at a front fibre end face thereof having a photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with the variation of the respective one of the parameters, and

wherein each sensing optical fiber of each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers is configured to transmit excitation light towards the photoluminescent material of the probe and to receive emission light from the photoluminescent material so as to determine the respective one of the parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material.

18. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope as defined in claim 17, wherein the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers include one or more of:

a first set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more first sensing optical fibers for sensing a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site, the probe of each first sensing optical fiber of the first set of sensing optical fibers having a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with changes in temperature;

a second set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more second sensing optical fibers for sensing an oxygen concentration of a microenvironment inside the target site, the probe of each second sensing optical fiber of the second set of sensing optical fibers having a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with a variation in the oxygen concentration; and

a third set of sensing optical fibers comprising one or more third sensing optical fibers for sensing a pH of a microenvironment inside the target site, the probe of each third sensing optical fiber of the third set of sensing optical fibers having a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with pH.

19. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope according to claim 17, wherein each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers is each arranged in the inner needle rotationally symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the inner needle, and wherein the inner needle has a hollow channel for injecting a chemical ablation drug to the target site.

20. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope as defined in claim 15, wherein the inner needle is configured for thermal ablation of the target site and includes one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers disposed therein, the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers extending longitudinally along a central axis of the inner needle, and a leading optical fiber end face of each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers being located at a respective one of cross-sections of the inner needle between a leading end face and a trailing end face thereof,

wherein each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibres is for sensing the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target site, each temperature sensing optical fibre of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibres comprises a probe head at a front fibre end face thereof having a photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature, and

wherein each temperature sensing optical fiber of each of the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers is configured to transmit excitation light towards the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emission light from the photoluminescent material to determine a temperature of a microenvironment inside the target site based on the emission light of the photoluminescent material.

21. The interventional needle for a hard endoscope as defined in claim 20, wherein a first set of temperature sensing fibers of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers is closer to the front end face of the inner needle than a second set of temperature sensing fibers of the one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers, and a temperature sensing fiber density of the first set of temperature sensing fibers is greater than a temperature sensing fiber density of the second set of temperature sensing fibers, the temperature sensing fiber density being a ratio of a number of one set of temperature sensing fibers to an area of the inner needle cross-section in which the front fiber end face of the set of temperature sensing fibers is located.

22. The intervention needle for a hard endoscope of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a navigation fiber bundle disposed in the needle body, the navigation fiber bundle extending longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body and having a front fiber end face at a front end face of the needle body,

wherein the navigation fiber bundle is configured to emit navigation probe light into the living body interior and receive navigation response light derived from the navigation probe light so as to locate and distinguish a site of the living body interior which is not expected to be penetrated by the interventional needle based on the navigation response light.

23. A rigid endoscope, characterized in that it comprises an intervention needle for a rigid endoscope according to any of claims 1 to 22.