CN219123449U

CN219123449U - High-power coaxial switch

Info

Publication number: CN219123449U
Application number: CN202123263949.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 隋强; 王轶冬; 王耀耀; 李浩阳; 杨奇鑫
Original assignee: Jiangsu Deshihe Communication Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Deshihe Communication Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-23
Filing date: 2021-12-23
Publication date: 2023-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-power coaxial switch, which comprises a microwave cavity and a control cavity; the microwave cavity comprises a microwave cavity body, a coaxial port, a contact reed, an inner conductor and a rotating assembly; the rotating assembly comprises a rotating shaft, a rotating inner conductor and a middle partition plate for dividing the microwave cavity into two 2 microwave signal channels; the rotary inner conductors are arranged on two sides of the middle partition plate and are kept in electrical contact with the inner guide plate in the coaxial port through contact reeds; the rotating shaft is fixed on the middle partition plate; a limiting plate is arranged on the rotating shaft; the connection state switching between the coaxial ports is realized by rotating the rotating component by 90 degrees; the control cavity comprises a control cavity body, two microswitches and a microswitch mounting plate; the two micro switches are fixed on the cover plate of the microwave cavity through the micro switch mounting plate, the two micro switches are alternately 90 degrees, the micro switches are triggered through the limiting plate on the rotating shaft, and whether the micro switches provide rotating power or not is achieved through the triggering of the micro switches.

Description

High-power coaxial switch

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of electronic information/radio frequency/broadcast television passive devices, and particularly relates to a high-power coaxial switch.

Background

Coaxial switches are an important component in radio frequency and wireless transmission systems, and the main function of the coaxial switches is to complete the switching of microwave signal transmission paths. The coaxial switch is widely applied to a broadcast television transmitting system, and a typical application scene of the coaxial switch is used for switching a main transmitter, a standby transmitter, an antenna and a dummy load.

As shown in fig. 1, the coaxial switch is essentially a "double pole double throw" switch, which has two operating states, operating state 1 is "main transmitter is in communication with antenna, standby transmitter is in communication with dummy load", and operating state 2 is "main transmitter is in communication with dummy load, standby transmitter is in communication with antenna".

The common coaxial switch port sizes in the broadcast television transmitting system are EIA 1 5/8' and EIA 3 1/8 port specifications, and the internal structure mainly has two schemes: the scheme is that a motor drives a V-shaped sheet to rotate to control 4 thin elastic metal sheets in a microwave cavity to move up and down to control the connection state between two ports, so that a pair of opposite elastic metal sheets are ensured to synchronously up and down, and the other pair of elastic metal sheets are ensured to synchronously up and down. The other scheme is that the connecting state of the four ports is switched by reciprocating the partition board for 90 degrees, two sides of the partition board are respectively fixed with a connecting plate for connecting the inner conductors of the adjacent ports, and the connecting plate is electrically contacted with the inner conductors of the ports through one or two thin reeds after being selected in place. The problems with both of the above schemes are:

the elastic metal sheet adopted in the first scheme is very thin (less than about 0.4 mm), and is not in good plane contact in pressing contact, so that the contact resistance is high, the heating is easy, the local temperature is high, the elasticity of the metal sheet is poor, the contact resistance is increased, the temperature is higher, and the vicious circle is caused, so that the coaxial switch is easy to cause transmission failure; the space between the inner conductor and the outer conductor is generally smaller, and better port matching index can be obtained only when the cavity height is lower, so that the peak power of the transmission signal is greatly limited; and when accidents such as vibration and impact occur, the coaxial switch of the first scheme easily causes the position of the elastic metal sheet to move, and the situation of poor contact possibly occurs.

The main problem of the second scheme is that the contact of the thin reed is unreliable after the thin reed rotates in place, and when the transmission power is increased, potential safety hazards such as ignition and heating can occur.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to: the utility model provides a high-power coaxial switch, which aims to solve the problem that the conventional high-power EIA 6 1/8' coaxial switch cannot simultaneously meet average power and peak power.

The technical scheme is as follows: a high-power coaxial switch comprises a microwave cavity for microwave signal transmission, a control cavity for controlling switching of the microwave signal transmission and a motor cavity for providing rotary power;

the microwave cavity comprises a microwave cavity body, 4 groups of coaxial ports arranged on the microwave cavity body, a contact reed and a rotating assembly arranged in the microwave cavity body; the rotating assembly comprises a rotating shaft, a rotating inner conductor and a middle partition plate for dividing the microwave cavity into two 2 microwave signal channels;

the rotary inner conductors are arranged at two sides of the middle partition board and are kept in electrical contact with the inner conductors in the coaxial port through contact reeds; the rotating shaft is fixed on the middle partition plate; a limiting plate is arranged on the rotating shaft and used for limiting the rotating assembly to rotate by 90 degrees only; the connection state switching between the coaxial ports is realized by rotating the rotating component by 90 degrees;

the control cavity comprises a control cavity body, two microswitches and a microswitch mounting plate; the two micro-switches are fixed on the cover plate of the microwave cavity through the micro-switch mounting plate, the two micro-switches are alternately 90 degrees, the micro-switches are triggered through the limiting plate on the rotating shaft, and whether the micro-switches provide rotating power or not is achieved through the fact that whether the micro-switches are triggered or not.

Further, for each coaxial port, four rows of contact springs are connected.

Further, the contact reed is a beryllium bronze reed.

Further, a plurality of alloy silver contacts are riveted on the contact spring, and one end of the contact spring, which is riveted with the alloy silver contacts, faces the rotating assembly.

Further, a motor is fixed in the motor cavity, and the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate through a coupler.

Further, the periphery of the middle partition plate is contacted with the inner part of the microwave cavity through a compression reed.

Further, the distance between the rotary inner conductor and the inner wall of the microwave cavity is larger than 45mm.

The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

(1) The average power capacity and the peak power capacity of the coaxial switch are basically the same as those of an EIA 6 1/8' coaxial hard feed tube, the application range and the occasion are wider, and the coaxial switch can be used in occasions such as high-power medium-short wave broadcasting, high-power frequency modulation broadcasting, high-power digital television broadcasting and the like;

(2) The coaxial switch can be applied to a high-power microwave transmission system to finish transmission switching of high-power signals;

(3) The coaxial switch port inner conductor and the rotary inner conductor in the cavity adopt 4 beryllium bronze reeds subjected to heat treatment and silver plating treatment to be matched with 40 alloy silver contacts, so that stable and reliable electric contact is ensured, the contact resistance is small enough, the average power capacity of the coaxial switch is obviously improved, and the service life and the operation stability of the coaxial switch are improved;

(4) The space between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial transmission part in the EIA 6 1/8 'coaxial switch is larger than 45mm, the rated peak power is basically equivalent to the peak power of the EIA 6 1/8' coaxial hard feed tube, and the peak power of the whole system is greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a typical application scenario of a high-power coaxial switch;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coaxial switch according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coaxial switch according to the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the cavity;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall rotation of the interior of the microwave cavity;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a contact spring structure;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure between an inner conductor of an output port of the coaxial switch and 4 rows of contact reeds;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the port state after the inner conductor is rotated into place.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the utility model is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments.

The utility model improves the prior EIA 6 1/8' coaxial switch, and in order to ensure that the coaxial switch stably and reliably transmits high-power radio frequency signals in use, the coaxial switch is designed to ensure the safety of average power and peak power.

The rated average power of the coaxial switch is mainly determined by the electric loss of the inner conductor or the insertion loss of the coaxial switch, and the electric loss of the inner conductor can cause the inner conductor to generate heat and the temperature to rise. When the internal conduction loss is relatively large, the insertion loss of the coaxial switch is relatively large, when the input power exceeds the rated average power, more power is consumed on the inner conductor, more heat is generated, the temperature of the inner conductor rises, and generally, the temperature of the inner conductor cannot exceed 100 ℃ when the coaxial feeder is used. The peak power of the coaxial switch is mainly determined by the breakdown field intensity between the inner conductor and the outer conductor, and when the electric field intensity generated by the voltage between the inner conductor and the outer conductor reaches the breakdown field intensity of air, the ignition phenomenon can occur between the inner conductor and the outer conductor. In order to ensure that the peak power rating of the coaxial switch is substantially equal to the peak power rating of the coaxial hard feed to which the coaxial switch is connected, the spacing between the inner and outer conductor diameters within the coaxial switch is generally not less than the spacing between the inner and outer conductors within the coaxial hard feed.

As shown in fig. 1, the coaxial switch has two operating states A, B: and A state: port 1-port 2 are connected, while port 3-port 4 are connected; and B state: ports 1-3 are connected while ports 2-4 are connected.

The utility model mainly solves the problem that the EIA 6 1/8 'coaxial switch simultaneously meets the requirement that the average power and the peak power are basically the same as the index of EIA 6 1/8' coaxial hard feed. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, it is mainly composed of three parts: a part of the microwave cavity 1 is a microwave signal transmission microwave cavity, and the internal main structure of the microwave cavity is two rotatable microwave coaxial channels; one part is a control cavity 2, the function of which is mainly to control the rotation and stop of the inner conductor in the microwave cavity and is responsible for transmitting the state information signal of the coaxial switch control box; also part is a motor chamber 3, which mainly serves to fix the motor, which mainly provides rotational power.

The microwave cavity 1 is a core part of the whole coaxial switch, as shown in fig. 4, the interior of the microwave cavity is cylindrical, the microwave cavity is divided into two parts to form 2 microwave signal channels through the middle partition plate 11, an inner conductor of the coaxial switch is fixed on the middle partition plate 11, and the function of double-pole double-throw of the coaxial switch is achieved by rotating the middle partition plate 90 degrees in a reciprocating manner, so that the switching of two connection states of the coaxial switch is realized. The specific structure can be seen in fig. 4 and 5, and as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the microwave cavity is composed of a microwave cavity body, a microwave cavity cover plate, a microwave cavity bottom plate, 4 groups of coaxial port assemblies (respectively named as port1, port2, port3 and port 4) and a rotating assembly. Wherein each set of coaxial port assemblies comprises: flange turn-through, tetrafluoro mounting ring, tetrafluoro support, port inner conductor, port contact plate assembly and port inner conductor core insert. The microwave cavity is fixed on the microwave cavity by screws during installation. Wherein, the rotation assembly includes: a rotation shaft 15, a rotation inner conductor 12, a tetrafluoro fixing plate 14, an intermediate partition plate 11, and a contact spring 13. The rotating assembly is assembled by fixing the tetrafluoro fixing plate 14 using the intermediate partition plate 11 and fixing the rotating inner conductor 12 to the tetrafluoro fixing plate 14 by a set screw. The rotating inner conductor 12 is used to connect adjacent port inner conductors. The rotating shaft 15 is provided with a limiting plate, and the limiting plate is used for limiting, so that the aim of limiting the rotating assembly to rotate by 90 degrees is fulfilled.

In operation, the rotary inner conductor 12 is driven to rotate by controlling the reciprocating 90-degree movement of the rotary shaft 15 so as to control the switching between the two connection states of A/B. The periphery of the middle partition plate 11 is contacted with the inner part of the microwave cavity through the compression reed, so that good electric contact with the microwave cavity is ensured, and the good contact around can well improve the isolation degree of two paths of microwave channels. After the entire rotating assembly within the microwave cavity is rotated into place, the port inner conductor and rotating inner conductor 12 are maintained in good electrical contact by contact spring 13.

In order to ensure that the average power of the EIA 6 1/8' coaxial switch meets the requirement, as shown in fig. 6, each coaxial port of the coaxial switch uses 4 beryllium bronze reeds with good elasticity for riveting gold and silver contact points, the elasticity of the connecting beryllium bronze reeds is improved and the contact resistance is reduced by heat treatment and silver plating treatment, and the average power capacity of the coaxial switch is obviously improved by using the 4 beryllium bronze reeds. And 10 alloy silver contacts with the diameter of 5mm are riveted on each beryllium bronze reed, so that the contact resistance is ensured to be small, and the loss of the whole inner conductor is small, namely the insertion loss of the coaxial switch meets the requirement of average power. As shown in fig. 7, for each coaxial port, the port inner conductor and 4 rows of beryllium bronze reeds are firmly fixed by screws. The utility model also improves the reflection loss index of the port by optimizing the section shape and the size of the inner conductor in the coaxial switch, ensures good matching, and has small reflection when microwave signals pass through the coaxial switch when the coaxial switch is used in a system.

Meanwhile, the inner diameter of the outer conductor of the EIA 6 1/8' hard coaxial feed tube is 151.9mm, the outer diameter of the inner conductor is 66mm, and the interval between the inner conductor and the outer conductor is 43mm. In order for the EIA 6 1/8 "coaxial switch to meet both average and peak powers substantially the same as the coaxial hard feed, it is first necessary to ensure that the spacing between the inner and outer conductors within the coaxial switch is greater than 43mm to ensure that the peak power meets the requirements, and the spacing between the rotating inner conductor 12 within the microwave cavity and the inner wall of the microwave cavity (i.e., the outer conductor of the microwave cavity) of the present utility model is designed to be greater than 45mm.

When the whole rotating assembly rotates in place, the port state is shown in fig. 8, and in a practical structure, 4 rows of beryllium bronze reeds at the coaxial port can slightly deform to maintain the contact pressure at the contact position, so that the contact resistance is ensured to be small in the long-time use process.

The control cavity of the utility model consists of a micro switch, a stop block, an aviation plug, an indicator light, a micro switch mounting plate, a coupler and a control cavity. The micro-switches are fixed on the microwave cavity cover plate through the micro-switch mounting plate, the two micro-switches are alternately 90 degrees, the micro-switches are triggered through the limiting plate on the rotating shaft, and the purpose of electric control is achieved through whether the micro-switches are triggered or not.

Claims

1. A high power coaxial switch, characterized by: the device comprises a microwave cavity for microwave signal transmission, a control cavity for controlling the switching of the microwave signal transmission and a motor cavity for providing rotary power;

the rotary inner conductors are arranged at two sides of the middle partition plate and are kept in electrical contact with the inner guide plate in the coaxial port through contact reeds; the rotating shaft is fixed on the middle partition plate; a limiting plate is arranged on the rotating shaft and used for limiting the rotating assembly to rotate by 90 degrees only; the connection state switching between the coaxial ports is realized by rotating the rotating component by 90 degrees;

2. A high power coaxial switch as defined in claim 1, wherein: for each coaxial port, four rows of contact springs are connected.

3. A high power coaxial switch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the contact reed is a beryllium bronze reed.

4. A high power coaxial switch as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and a plurality of alloy silver contacts are riveted on the contact reed, and one end of the contact reed, which is riveted with the alloy silver contacts, faces the rotating assembly.

5. A high power coaxial switch as defined in claim 1, wherein: and a motor is fixed in the motor cavity and drives the rotating shaft to rotate through a coupler.

6. A high power coaxial switch as defined in claim 1, wherein: the periphery of the middle partition plate is contacted with the inside of the microwave cavity through a compression reed.

7. A high power coaxial switch as defined in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the rotary inner conductor and the inner wall of the microwave cavity is larger than 45mm.