CN219117381U - Slag discharging equipment of fluidized bed gasification furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a fluidized bed gasification slag discharging device. The fluidized bed gasification slag discharging equipment comprises a gasification furnace, a chilling chamber, a slag discharging pipe and a mechanical valve, wherein the gasification furnace is provided with a slag discharging port, one end of the slag discharging pipe is connected with the slag discharging port, the other end of the slag discharging pipe is inserted into the chilling chamber, the mechanical valve comprises a control unit, a valve rod and a valve body, the valve body is arranged in the chilling chamber and corresponds to a pipe orifice of the slag discharging pipe, the control unit is positioned outside the chilling chamber, and the valve body is connected with the control unit through the valve rod. The control unit of the mechanical valve is arranged outside the chilling chamber, the opening of the valve body is controlled by the control unit and the valve rod, the control unit is arranged outside the chilling chamber, the valve body and the control unit of the mechanical valve are not simultaneously subjected to high temperature and high pressure environments, the problem that the mechanical valve is limited in use under high temperature and high pressure environments is solved, the service cycle of the mechanical valve is prolonged, the slag discharge amount of the gasifier is accurately regulated and controlled by the mechanical valve, and the high-efficiency utilization of coal is realized.

Description

Slag discharging equipment of fluidized bed gasification furnace

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a fluidized bed gasification slag discharging device.

Background

In the technical field of coal gasification, the coal catalytic gasification technology is an advanced third-generation coal gasification technology taking methane as a target product, and the technical principle is that under the action of a multifunctional catalyst, coal gasification media (steam and oxygen) simultaneously perform three reactions of coal gasification, conversion and methanation in one reactor, so that endothermic reaction and exothermic reaction are effectively coupled, and the methane yield and the system energy efficiency are greatly improved.

At present, the slag discharging mode of the fluidized bed gasifier is air-control slag discharging, namely, gasifying agent is introduced into the gasifier through a slag discharging pipe, the falling amount of gasified slag at the bottom of the gasifier is controlled through the air speed of the gasifying agent, so that the residence time and the carbon conversion rate of materials in the gasifier are regulated, and the specific regulation process is as follows: the gas speed of the gasifying agent is larger than the carrying-out speed of the particle size of the material, and the material in the furnace is in a suspension state under the action of the gasifying agent and cannot fall into a slag lock from the gasifying furnace; when the speed of the gasifying agent is smaller than the carrying-out speed of the materials, the pulverized coal can fall down from the gasification furnace through the slag discharging channel. However, since the particle size of the material in the fluidized bed is not a single particle size, but has a certain particle size distribution range, and since the carrying speeds of the pulverized coal particles with different particle sizes are different, when the speed of the gasifying agent for pneumatically controlling slag discharge is regulated to a fixed value, the large-particle material can be discharged out of the gasifier, while the small-particle material is still in a suspended state, and cannot be discharged out of the system. Therefore, the bed layer can be controlled by the air control slag discharge to screen the bed material, the stay time of the large-particle coal powder in the system is short, the reaction time is short, the carbon conversion rate is low, and the small-particle coal powder cannot pass through the slag discharge channel to be discharged out of the system, and the small-particle coal powder always circulates in the system to influence the treatment load of the gasification furnace.

Therefore, the mechanical valve is used for controlling slag discharge to replace pneumatic slag discharge, so that the method becomes an effective means for controlling the retention time of the fluidized bed materials and the carbon conversion rate, but in a fluidized bed gasification system, the problems of material selection, structure and sealing of the mechanical valve are difficult to solve because the use environment is high temperature and high pressure, and the application of the mechanical valve is greatly limited.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems described above, or at least partially solve the technical problems described above, the present disclosure provides a fluidized bed gasification slag discharging apparatus.

The utility model provides a fluidized bed gasification grate slag device, including gasifier, quench chamber, scum pipe and mechanical valve, the gasifier has the scum mouth, the one end of scum pipe with the scum mouth is connected, and the other end inserts to in the quench chamber, mechanical valve includes control unit, valve rod and valve body, the valve body is located in the quench chamber, and with the mouth of pipe of scum pipe corresponds, control unit is located the outside of quench chamber, and through the valve rod with the valve body is connected.

Optionally, a hole is formed in the chilling chamber, the valve rod penetrates out of the chilling chamber from the hole, and the valve rod is in sealing connection with the hole.

Optionally, a cooling chamber is further included, the cooling chamber is provided on an outer wall of the quench chamber, and the valve stem passes through the cooling chamber.

Optionally, the cooling chamber is provided with a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet.

Optionally, one end of the cooling chamber is an open end, the other end is provided with a connecting hole, the open end is buckled on the periphery of the perforation, the valve rod penetrates out of the perforation from the chilling chamber to enter the cooling chamber, then penetrates out of the connecting hole, and the valve rod is in sealing connection with the connecting hole.

Optionally, a first sealing filler is arranged between the valve rod and the perforation for sealing.

Optionally, a second sealing filler is arranged between the valve rod and the connecting hole for sealing.

Optionally, the valve body includes stay tube and case, the support tube cover is established the outside of scum pipe, just the internal diameter of support tube is greater than the external diameter of scum pipe, the case rotatable locate in the stay tube with the mouth of pipe of scum pipe corresponds, just the case with the valve rod is connected, the control unit passes through the valve rod drives the case is in rotate in the stay tube.

Optionally, a space is arranged between the valve core and the outlet of the slag discharging pipe.

Optionally, the upper end of the supporting tube is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the chilling chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the disclosure has the following advantages:

the utility model provides a fluidized bed gasification grate slag discharging equipment, slag discharging is controlled through the mechanical valve, the valve body sets up inside the quench chamber, slag discharging rate is controlled through adjusting valve body aperture, control unit with the mechanical valve sets up outside the quench chamber, aperture through control unit and valve rod control valve body, with the control unit setting outside the quench chamber, make the valve body of mechanical valve and control unit bear high temperature and high pressure environment at the same time, the limited problem of mechanical valve use under high temperature, high pressure environment has been solved, the life cycle of mechanical valve has been prolonged, slag discharging amount through the accurate regulation and control gasifier of mechanical valve, improve the carbon conversion rate of gasifier regulation and control precision and material, realize the high-efficient utilization of coal.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a slag discharging apparatus of a fluidized bed gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a quench chamber and mechanical valve of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Wherein, 1, a chilling chamber; 2. a slag discharge pipe; 3. a gasification furnace; 4. a mechanical valve; 41. a support tube; 42. a valve core; 43. a control unit; 44. a valve stem; 45. a first sealing filler; 46. a second sealing filler; 5. a cooling chamber; 51. a cooling medium inlet; 52. and a cooling medium outlet.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, a further description of aspects of the present disclosure will be provided below. In addition, embodiments of the present disclosure and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced otherwise than as described herein; it will be apparent that embodiments in the specification are only a part of, and not all of, the disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the disclosure provides a slag discharging device of a fluidized bed gasification furnace 3, which comprises the gasification furnace 3, a chilling chamber 1, a slag discharging pipe 2 and a mechanical valve 4, wherein the gasification furnace 3 is provided with a slag discharging port, the slag discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace 3, one end of the slag discharging pipe 2 is connected with the slag discharging port of the gasification furnace 3, the other end of the slag discharging pipe is inserted into the chilling chamber 1 from the top of the chilling chamber 1, the mechanical valve 4 comprises a control unit 43, a valve rod 44 and a valve body, the valve body is arranged in the chilling chamber 1 and corresponds to a pipe orifice of the slag discharging pipe 2, and the control unit 43 is positioned outside the chilling chamber 1 and is connected with the valve body through the valve rod 44. That is, one end of the valve rod 44 is located outside the quench chamber 1 and connected with the control unit 43, and the other end extends into the quench chamber 1 and is connected with the valve body, and through the operation of the control unit 43, the opening degree of the valve body can be controlled, and thus the slag discharging rate in the gasification furnace 3 can be controlled, and through precisely controlling the slag discharging amount, the residence time of large particles in the gasification furnace 3 is prolonged, and further the reaction time in the gasification furnace 3 is prolonged, and the carbon conversion rate is improved.

According to the deslagging equipment for the fluidized bed gasification furnace 3, deslagging is controlled through the mechanical valve 4, the valve body is arranged in the chilling chamber 1, the deslagging rate is controlled by adjusting the opening of the valve body, the control unit 43 of the mechanical valve 4 is arranged outside the chilling chamber 1, the opening of the valve body is controlled through the control unit 43 and the valve rod 44, the control unit 43 is arranged outside the chilling chamber 1, the valve body of the mechanical valve 4 and the control unit 43 are enabled to bear high-temperature and high-pressure environments at different time, the problem that the mechanical valve 4 is limited to use in high-temperature and high-pressure environments is solved, the service cycle of the mechanical valve 4 is prolonged, the deslagging amount of the gasification furnace 3 is accurately regulated and controlled through the mechanical valve 4, the regulation precision of the gasification furnace 3 and the carbon conversion rate of materials are improved, and the high-efficiency utilization of coal is realized.

Further, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, a perforation is provided on the quench chamber 1, a valve stem 44 passes through the perforation, and the valve stem 44 is sealingly connected to the perforation. Specifically, the perforation is arranged on the side wall of the chilling chamber 1, the valve rod 44 passes through the perforation along the direction vertical to the slag discharging pipe 2, and the valve rod 44 is in sealing connection with the joint of the perforation, so that the influence of the high-temperature and high-pressure environment in the chilling chamber 1 on the external valve rod 44 and the control unit 43 is avoided. After the materials react in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 3, ash falls down from the slag discharging pipe 2, and falls into the chilling chamber 1 through the mechanical valve 4, the temperature of the slag discharging pipe 2 is about 750 ℃, the temperature of the chilling chamber 1 is about 450 ℃, and the falling amount of the ash is regulated through the opening of the mechanical valve 4, so that the stay time of the materials in the gasification furnace 3 is regulated and controlled, and the high conversion rate of raw coal is ensured. In the embodiment of the disclosure, the valve body is arranged in the chilling chamber 1, the control unit 43 is arranged outside the chilling chamber 1, the valve body and the chilling chamber are connected through the valve rod 44, the control unit 43 can adjust the opening of the valve body, the falling rate of ash slag is further adjusted, the valve rod 44 is in sealing connection with the through holes on the side wall of the chilling chamber 1, the high-temperature and high-pressure environment in the chilling chamber 1 is isolated, the influence on the external control unit 43 is avoided, and the valve body is preferably 625, 800H and 2520 of high-temperature steel, and can bear the working environment of high temperature and high pressure in the chilling chamber 1.

Further, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the valve stem 44 and the perforations in the sidewall of the quench chamber 1 are sealed by a first packing 45, and the sealing structure is capable of withstanding high temperature and high pressure conditions, and to avoid the leakage of the first packing 45 caused by long-term operation, the first packing 45 may be replaced periodically, or a cooling structure may be added to the outside of the quench chamber 1 to cool the sealing structure.

Further, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, a cooling chamber 5 is provided externally of the quench chamber 1, the cooling chamber 5 being provided on an outer wall of the quench chamber 1, and a valve stem 44 passing through the cooling chamber 5. The cooling chamber 5 cools the first sealing filler 45 in the perforation, and reduces the working temperature of the first sealing filler 45, thereby improving the sealing effect and realizing the long-period operation of the mechanical valve 4.

Further, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cooling chamber 5 is provided with a cooling medium inlet 51 and a cooling medium outlet 52, specifically, the cooling medium inlet 51 is disposed at an upper portion of the cooling chamber 5, the cooling medium outlet 52 is disposed at a lower portion of the cooling chamber 5, the cooling medium enters into the cooling chamber 5 from the cooling medium inlet 51 to cool the temperature inside the cooling chamber 5, further cooling of the first sealing filler 45 is achieved, then the cooling medium flows out of the cooling chamber 5 from the cooling medium outlet 52, and cooling is performed inside the cooling chamber 5 through the flowing cooling medium, so that cooling efficiency is high.

Further, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, one end of the cooling chamber 5 is an open end, the other end is provided with a connecting hole, and the open end of the cooling chamber 5 is fastened at the periphery of the perforation, the valve rod 44 passes out of the perforation through the quench chamber 1 into the cooling chamber, then passes out of the connecting hole, and the valve rod 44 is in sealing connection with the connecting hole. Specifically, the open end of the cooling chamber 5 is connected with the outer wall of the chilling chamber 1, so that the perforation and the first sealing filler 45 are placed in the cooling chamber 5, cooling of the first sealing filler 45 is realized by introducing a cooling medium into the cooling chamber 5, and further, a second sealing filler 46 is arranged between the valve rod 44 and the connecting hole, so that the first sealing filler 45 with high temperature and high pressure is converted into the second sealing filler 46 with high pressure and low temperature, and the sealing effect is improved.

Further, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the valve body includes a support tube 41 and a valve core 42, the support tube 41 is sleeved outside the slag discharging pipe 2, the support tube 41 and the slag discharging pipe 2 are of a double-layer sleeve structure, a gap is formed between the inner wall of the support tube 41 and the outer wall of the slag discharging pipe 2, and the size of the gap is related to expansion coefficients of the support tube 41 and the slag discharging pipe 2, which is typically several millimeters. The valve core 42 is arranged in the support tube 41, and the valve core 42 is connected with the valve rod 44, and the valve rod 44 drives the valve core 42 to rotate in the support tube 41. Specifically, the support tube 41 is disposed in the quench chamber 1, the length of the support tube 41 is greater than the length of the slag discharge pipe 2 in the quench chamber 1, the valve core 42 is disposed at the lower portion of the support tube 41 and does not interfere with the slag discharge pipe 2, the valve core 42 is a disc, the diameter of the disc is consistent with the inner diameter of the support tube 41, the valve core 42 is rotatably disposed in the support tube 41, the opening of the valve can be adjusted according to the rotation angle of the valve core 42, when the valve core 42 rotates to be perpendicular to the axial direction of the support tube 41, the valve body is completely closed, the opening of the valve is minimum, when the valve core 42 rotates to be parallel to the axial direction of the support tube 41, the valve body is completely opened, and the opening of the valve is maximum. The inner diameter of the supporting tube 41 is larger than the outer diameter of the slag discharging tube 2, and the supporting tube 41 and the slag discharging tube are coaxially arranged, that is, the supporting tube 41 is sleeved outside the slag discharging tube 2, the supporting tube 41 and the slag discharging tube form a double-layer sleeve structure, the temperature of the slag discharging tube 2 is higher, the thermal expansion amount of the slag discharging tube 2 is larger, the supporting tube 41 is consistent with the temperature of the chilling chamber 1, the thermal expansion amounts of the supporting tube 41 and the chilling chamber 1 are consistent, and because the temperature of the supporting tube 41 and the chilling chamber 1 is lower than the temperature of the slag discharging tube 2, the thermal expansion amount of the supporting tube 41 and the chilling chamber 1 is smaller than the thermal expansion amount of the slag discharging tube 2, the valve core 42 is directly connected with the supporting tube 41, the thermal expansion amount of the valve core 42 is consistent with the supporting tube 41 and the valve core 42, and the slag discharging tube 2 is not directly contacted with the supporting tube 41 and the valve core 42 due to high-temperature deformation.

In addition, the supporting tube 41, the chilling chamber 1, the slag discharging pipe 2, the valve core 42 and the valve rod 44 are made of the same material, and in order to meet the working condition requirements, high-temperature steel, such as 625 steel, is generally adopted.

Further, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, a space is provided between the valve core 42 and the outlet of the slag discharging pipe 2 to ensure that the rotation of the valve core 42 and the slag discharging pipe 2 do not interfere with each other, and the space is preferably greater than 5mm and less than 10mm in some embodiments of the present disclosure, because the minimum expansion of the valve core 42 itself is 5mm, the minimum space between the slag discharging pipe 2 and the valve core 42 is greater than 5mm, and the maximum space between the slag discharging pipe 2 and the valve core 42 is related to the slag discharging amount of the slag discharging pipe 2, generally not greater than 10mm.

Further, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the upper end of the support tube 41 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the quench chamber 1, specifically, the upper end of the support tube 41 may be welded with the top of the quench chamber 1 in a welding manner, so that the thermal expansion of the support tube 41 is consistent with that of the quench chamber 1, and the temperature of the slag discharge tube 2 is higher, but because the slag discharge tube 2 is not in direct contact with the support tube 41 and the valve core 42, the deformation of the valve body and the valve rod 44 is not caused when the slag discharge tube 2 deforms at high temperature.

According to the slag discharging equipment of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 3, the control unit 43 and the valve body of the mechanical valve 4 are arranged separately, the control unit 43 is arranged outside the chilling chamber 1, the valve body is arranged inside the chilling chamber 1, the valve body and the control unit 43 are connected through the valve rod 44 penetrating through the outer wall of the chilling chamber 1, and the valve rod 44 and the outer wall of the chilling chamber 1 are sealed through the first sealing filler 45, so that the valve body and the first sealing filler 45 of the valve are not subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure environments at the same time. Aiming at the problem that the thermal expansion of the outer wall of the high-temperature slag discharging pipe 2 and the low-temperature chilling chamber 1 is different under the high-temperature working condition, a novel structure is provided, the valve body is separated from the slag discharging pipe 2, and the damage of stress generated by the difference of the thermal expansion of the slag discharging pipe 2 and the chilling chamber 1 to equipment is prevented. Aiming at the sealing problem of the valve rod 44, a double-layer sealing structure of the first sealing filler 45 and the second sealing filler 46 is provided, the high-temperature sealing is converted into the low-temperature sealing, and the leakage of the sealing filler in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment is prevented. And because the mechanical valve 4 is adopted to replace pneumatic control slag discharge in the embodiment of the disclosure, the stay time of large particles in the gasification furnace 3 is prolonged by controlling the opening of the mechanical valve 4, and meanwhile, the problem of small particle suspension is solved because an air inlet is not required to be arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace 3, and the carbon conversion rate and the utilization rate of coal resources are improved.

It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the disclosure to enable one skilled in the art to understand or practice the disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown and described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a fluidized bed gasification grate slag discharging equipment, its characterized in that, includes gasifier (3), quench chamber (1), scum pipe (2) and mechanical valve (4), gasifier (3) have the slag tap, the one end of scum pipe (2) with the slag tap is connected, and the other end inserts to in quench chamber (1), mechanical valve (4) include control unit (43), valve rod (44) and valve body, the valve body is located in quench chamber (1), and with the mouth of pipe of scum pipe (2) corresponds, control unit (43) are located the outside of quench chamber (1), and through valve rod (44) with the valve body is connected.

2. The fluidized bed gasification furnace slag discharging device according to claim 1, wherein a perforation is provided on the quenching chamber (1), the valve rod (44) penetrates out of the quenching chamber from the perforation, and the valve rod (44) is in sealing connection with the perforation.

3. The fluidized bed gasification furnace slag discharging apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a cooling chamber (5), wherein the cooling chamber (5) is provided on an outer wall of the quench chamber (1), and wherein the valve stem (44) passes through the cooling chamber (5).

4. A fluidized bed gasification furnace slag discharging apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the cooling chamber (5) is provided with a cooling medium inlet (51) and a cooling medium outlet (52).

5. A fluidized bed gasification furnace slag discharging apparatus according to claim 3, wherein one end of said cooling chamber (5) is an open end, the other end is provided with a connecting hole, and said open end is fastened to the periphery of said through hole, said valve rod (44) passes through said through hole from said through hole to said cooling chamber, then passes through said connecting hole, and said valve rod (44) is in sealing connection with said connecting hole.

6. The fluidized bed gasification furnace slag discharging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a first packing (45) is provided between the valve stem (44) and the penetration hole to seal.

7. The fluidized bed gasification furnace slag discharging apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a second packing (46) is provided between the valve stem (44) and the connection hole to seal.

8. The fluidized bed gasification furnace slag discharging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the valve body comprises a support tube (41) and a valve core (42), the support tube (41) is sleeved outside the slag discharging pipe (2), the inner diameter of the support tube is larger than the outer diameter of the slag discharging pipe, the valve core (42) is rotatably arranged in the support tube (41) and corresponds to a pipe orifice of the slag discharging pipe (2), the valve core (42) is connected with the valve rod (44), and the control unit drives the valve core (42) to rotate in the support tube (41) through the valve rod (44).

9. The fluidized bed gasification furnace slag discharging apparatus according to claim 8, wherein a space is provided between the valve core (42) and the outlet of the slag discharging pipe (2).

10. The fluidized bed gasification furnace slag discharging apparatus according to claim 8, wherein an upper end of the supporting tube (41) is fixedly connected with an inner wall of the quench chamber (1).

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