CN219086820U

CN219086820U - Charging and discharging control circuit of mobile power supply

Info

Publication number: CN219086820U
Application number: CN202222718131.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘首清; 许树龙; 王庆庆
Original assignee: Tianjin Liwei Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Liwei Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-10
Filing date: 2022-10-10
Publication date: 2023-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2032-10-10

Abstract

The utility model discloses a charging and discharging control circuit of a mobile power supply, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a chip U1, a charge-discharge switching circuit, a step-up and step-down voltage regulating circuit, a charge interface circuit and a discharge interface circuit; the charging and discharging switching circuit and the voltage-increasing and voltage-decreasing regulating circuit are electrically connected with the chip U1, the charging and discharging switching circuit is electrically connected with the charging interface circuit and the discharging interface circuit respectively, the charging interface circuit is externally connected with an adapter, and the discharging interface circuit is externally connected with terminal equipment. Therefore, the utility model reduces the occupied space of the circuit board, reserves the space for the battery to maximize the battery capacity under the same condition, not only improves the space utilization rate, but also reduces the cost of the circuit board.

Description

Charging and discharging control circuit of mobile power supply

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of mobile power supplies, in particular to a mobile power supply charge-discharge control circuit.

Background

With the development of digital products, especially the development of handheld digital products such as smart phones and tablet computers, the application of a high-definition and large-size display screen and a multi-core operation control unit of the digital products makes the power consumption of the digital products larger and larger, and the handheld portable characteristics of the digital products make the volume requirements of the digital products smaller and smaller, so that the use time (endurance time) of the built-in batteries of the digital products cannot meet the use requirements of consumers. Therefore, a portable charger that can be carried around should be operated, so-called mobile power supply.

The mobile power supply, also called as "charger, is a portable charger integrating power supply and charging functions, and can charge or stand-by power supply for digital equipment such as mobile phones and the like at any time and any place.

However, the existing charge-discharge control circuit structure of the mobile power supply is complex, and is generally a circuit formed by a conventional linear buck chip, a boost chip, a charging circuit, a discharge circuit, an MCU controller and the like, and the space occupied by the circuit on a PCB is large, so that the material cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a charge-discharge control circuit of a mobile power supply, which solves the technical problems of complex internal circuit structure and large space occupation of the mobile power supply in the prior art.

The utility model solves the technical problems by adopting the following technical scheme:

the embodiment of the utility model provides a charging and discharging control circuit of a mobile power supply, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a chip U1, a charge-discharge switching circuit, a step-up and step-down voltage regulating circuit, a charge interface circuit and a discharge interface circuit;

the charging and discharging switching circuit and the lifting voltage regulating circuit are electrically connected with the chip U1, the charging and discharging switching circuit is electrically connected with the charging interface circuit and the discharging interface circuit respectively, the charging interface circuit is externally connected with an adapter, and the discharging interface circuit is externally connected with terminal equipment;

the charge-discharge switching circuit specifically comprises a transistor Q3, a resistor R26, a resistor R27, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a resistor R25, a resistor R28, a field effect transistor M1, a resistor R19, a resistor R29, a capacitor C12 and a capacitor C13;

the grid electrode of the transistor Q3 is connected with one end of a resistor R26, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected with a charging interface circuit, the drain electrode of the transistor Q3 is connected with the 8 pin of the chip U1, the source electrode of the transistor Q3 is connected with a battery through a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4 which are arranged in parallel, the battery is also connected with the 12 pin of the chip U1 through a resistor R25 and a resistor R28 which are arranged in series, and a resistor R27 is connected between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the transistor Q3;

the other end of the resistor R26 is also connected with the drain electrode of the field effect tube M1, one end of the capacitor C12 and one end of the capacitor C13, the other end of the capacitor C12 and the other end of the capacitor C13 are grounded, the grid electrode of the field effect tube M1 is connected with one end of the resistor R19, the other end of the resistor R19 is connected with the 25 pin of the chip U1, the source electrode of the field effect tube M1 is respectively connected with the discharge interface circuit and the 1 pin of the chip U1, and the resistor R29 is connected between the source electrode and the grid electrode of the field effect tube M1.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the charge-discharge switching circuit further includes a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, and a resistor R18;

the capacitor C9, the capacitor C10 and the capacitor C11 are arranged in parallel and connected with the 1 pin of the chip U1;

the resistor R15 and the resistor R16 are connected in series to form a first resistor branch, the resistor R17 and the resistor R18 are connected in series to form a second resistor branch, and the first resistor branch and the second resistor branch are connected in parallel and connected with the 1 pin of the chip U1.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the charging interface circuit includes an interface J2, a transistor Q1, a resistor R20, a capacitor C14, a resistor R21, and a resistor R22;

the 1 pin of interface J2 is connected with the other end of resistance R26, the one end of resistance R20 respectively, the other end of resistance R20 is connected with the 3 pin of interface J2, the one end of electric capacity C14 respectively, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C14, the 2 pin of interface J2 is connected with the grid of transistor Q1, the one end of resistance R22 respectively, the drain electrode of transistor Q1 is connected with the one end of resistance R21, the other end of resistance R21 is connected with the 24 pin of chip U1, the source electrode of transistor Q1, the other end of resistance R22, the 5 pin ground connection of interface J2.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the discharge interface circuit includes an interface J1, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R30, and a resistor R31;

the 1 pin of the interface J1 is respectively connected with the source electrode of the field effect transistor M1, one end of the resistor R23 and one end of the resistor R24, the other end of the resistor R23 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R30 and the 3 pin of the interface J1, the other end of the resistor R24 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R31 and the 2 pin of the interface J1, and the other end of the resistor R30, the other end of the resistor R31 and the 4 pin of the interface J1 are all grounded.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the buck-boost adjusting circuit includes a resistor R7, a capacitor C5, an inductor L1, and a diode D7;

the negative pole of diode D7 is connected with inductance L1's one end, chip U1's 2 pin respectively, and diode D7's positive pole ground connection, and inductance L1's the other end is connected with electric capacity C5's one end, chip U1's 4 pin respectively, and electric capacity C5's the other end is connected with resistance R7's one end, and resistance R7's the other end is connected with chip U1's 6 pin.

Optionally, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the device further includes a four-way power display circuit having the same circuit structure as that connected to the chip U1;

the electric quantity display circuit specifically comprises a resistor R1 and an indicator lamp D1;

one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a VCC power supply, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of an indicator lamp D1, and the other end of the indicator lamp D1 is connected with a 16 pin of a chip U1.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present utility model, a charge display circuit and a discharge display circuit having the same circuit structure as the electric quantity display circuit are further included.

Optionally, in the embodiment of the present utility model, a switch KEY1 is connected to pin 7 of the chip U1.

The utility model has the advantages and positive effects that:

thus, in the utility model, the charge and discharge are integrated together to form the charge-discharge switching circuit, the boost and buck are integrated together to form the boost-buck regulating circuit, that is, the charge process and the discharge process share one charge-discharge switching circuit, and the boost process and the buck process share one boost-buck regulating circuit, thus reducing the occupied space of the circuit board, reserving space for the battery under the same condition to maximize the battery capacity, improving the space utilization rate and reducing the cost of the circuit board.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charge-discharge control circuit of a portable power source according to the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a charge-discharge control circuit of a mobile power supply according to the present utility model.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the utility model is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Embodiments of the utility model are described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:

the utility model provides a charge and discharge control circuit of a mobile power supply, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the device comprises a chip U1, a charge-discharge switching circuit, a step-up and step-down voltage regulating circuit, a charge interface circuit and a discharge interface circuit;

as shown in fig. 2, the charge-discharge switching circuit specifically includes a transistor Q3, a resistor R26, a resistor R27, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a resistor R25, a resistor R28, a field effect transistor M1, a resistor R19, a resistor R29, a capacitor C12, and a capacitor C13;

In one point, the on and off of the field effect transistor M1 can be controlled through the 25 pins of the chip U1, so as to realize the isolation of charge and discharge.

Wherein, set up the effect of resistance R27 and lie in: the closing speed of the transistor Q3 is increased, so that the transistor Q3 is closed quickly, the response speed is increased, and the closing response time is reduced.

The function of the set resistor R29 is: the closing speed of the field effect tube M1 is increased, so that the field effect tube M1 is closed rapidly, the response speed is increased, and the closing response time is reduced.

The parallel capacitor C2, the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 have the following functions: the voltage can be filtered by adopting a multi-stage parallel capacitor structure, so that the stability and the reliability of the circuit are improved; meanwhile, the capacitor C2, the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 also have the function of storing charges. It should be noted that, the capacitor C2, the capacitor C3, and the capacitor C4 may be redundant, so as to ensure reliable filtering when any capacitor fails.

The capacitor C12 and the capacitor C13 arranged in parallel have the functions of: the voltage can be filtered to improve the stability and reliability of the circuit.

In the utility model, the battery adopts the low-temperature battery core, can still work normally and efficiently even under the environment of minus 40 ℃, avoids the problem that the battery cannot be started when being used under the low-temperature environment, has the advantage of low temperature resistance compared with the common battery, and expands the use temperature range of the battery.

As shown in fig. 2, the charge-discharge switching circuit further includes a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, and a resistor R18;

The parallel capacitors C9, C10 and C11 function as: the voltage can be filtered by adopting a multi-stage parallel capacitor structure, so that the stability and the reliability of the circuit are improved; meanwhile, the capacitor C9, the capacitor C10 and the capacitor C11 also have the function of storing charges. It should be noted that, the capacitor C9, the capacitor C10, and the capacitor C11 may be redundant, so as to ensure reliable filtering when any capacitor fails.

Specifically, the first resistor branch is used for voltage feedback input in a discharging mode so as to ensure that the output voltage is in a safety range, thereby realizing voltage limiting protection and effectively ensuring the safe operation of the circuit;

the second resistor branch is used for achieving voltage limiting protection in a safe range through a resistor voltage dividing mode under a charging mode, and safe operation of the circuit is effectively guaranteed.

Therefore, the charge-discharge switching circuit provided by the utility model has the charge function and the discharge function, so that the occupied space of the circuit board is reduced, and the space is reserved for the battery under the same condition to maximize the battery capacity, thereby improving the space utilization rate and reducing the cost of the circuit board.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the charging interface circuit includes an interface J2, a transistor Q1, a resistor R20, a capacitor C14, a resistor R21, and a resistor R22;

Thus, the charging interface circuit is connected with an external 5V adapter so as to enable the charging and discharging switching circuit to be switched to a charging mode to charge the battery.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the discharge interface circuit includes an interface J1, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R30, and a resistor R31;

Wherein, interface J1 and interface J2 are USB interfaces.

In this way, the charging interface circuit is connected to an external terminal, and the terminal may be, but not limited to, a mobile phone or other device, so that the charging/discharging switching circuit switches to a discharging mode to charge the terminal.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the buck-boost adjusting circuit includes a resistor R7, a capacitor C5, an inductance L1, and a diode D7;

The buck-boost regulating circuit has a boost function and a buck function.

Specifically, the principle of boosting is: the chip U1 is internally integrated with a field effect tube, and when the field effect tube is conducted, an external power supply supplies power to the mobile battery through an inductor L1 and stores electric energy in the inductor L1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4; when the field effect transistor is turned off, the current flowing through the inductor L1 slowly becomes 0 due to the current holding characteristic of the inductor L1, the inductor L1 charges the capacitor C2, the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 through discharging, and the voltage across the capacitor rises, at the moment, the voltage is higher than the input voltage. Therefore, the inductor L1 is continuously charged and discharged through the on or off of the field effect transistor integrated in the chip U1, so that the boosting effect is achieved.

The principle of depressurization is as follows: the chip U1 is internally integrated with a field effect tube, when the field effect tube is conducted, the mobile battery supplies power to the terminal through the inductor L1, the inductor L1 limits current to be gradually increased, the voltage of the terminal is gradually increased, and meanwhile the inductor L1 stores energy; when the output voltage is larger than the voltage required by the terminal, the field effect transistor is cut off, the inductor L1 supplies power, the power supply voltage of the inductor L1 is gradually reduced, and when the power supply voltage of the inductor L1 is lower than the voltage required by the terminal, the field effect transistor is conducted again to supply power, and meanwhile the inductor L1 is charged. The process is circularly reciprocated, the on-off time of the field effect tube is controlled by a PWM switch control module integrated in the chip U1, and the energy storage and the energy release of the inductor L1 are controlled, so that the voltage reduction effect is achieved.

Therefore, the voltage-increasing and voltage-decreasing regulating circuit provided by the utility model has the voltage-increasing function and the voltage-decreasing function, so that the occupied space of the circuit board is reduced, and the space is reserved for the battery under the same condition to maximize the battery capacity, thereby improving the space utilization rate and reducing the formation of the circuit board.

Optionally, in the embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the device further includes a four-way power display circuit with the same circuit structure as that connected to the chip U1;

Referring to fig. 2, the indication lamps in the four-way electric quantity display circuit are an indication lamp D1, an indication lamp D2, an indication lamp D3 and an indication lamp D4 respectively;

for example, when the current power of the mobile battery is between 0 and 25%, the indicator lamp D1 blinks;

when the current electric quantity of the mobile battery is between 25 and 50 percent, the indicator light D2 flashes;

when the current electric quantity of the mobile battery is between 50 and 75 percent, the indicator light D3 flashes;

the indicator light D4 blinks when the current charge of the mobile battery is between 75 and 100%.

Therefore, the user can more intuitively know the residual electric quantity of the mobile power supply by visually observing the lighting condition of the indicator lamp, and when the user knows that the electric quantity is less through electric quantity display, the user can charge the mobile power supply in advance, so that the problem that the use is influenced due to the insufficient electric quantity of the mobile power supply is avoided.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, a charge display circuit and a discharge display circuit with the same circuit structure as the electric quantity display circuit are further included.

Therefore, the charging display circuit and the discharging display circuit are arranged to display the charging state and the discharging state of the mobile power supply, so that a user can more intuitively and conveniently know the current running state of the mobile power supply.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, a switch KEY1 is connected to pin 7 of the chip U1.

Wherein, the switch KEY1 is a manual switch.

Specifically, for example, when the portable power source needs to be used, the user presses the switch KEY1, and the portable power source starts to work;

after the use is finished, the user presses the switch KEY1 again, and the mobile power supply stops working.

Therefore, the mobile power supply can be turned on or off anytime and anywhere by arranging the switch KEY1, so that the mobile power supply is reasonably and effectively used, waste is avoided, and the mobile power supply has strong practicability.

The working principle and working process of the utility model are as follows:

when the mobile power supply needs to be charged, the adapter is connected with the interface J2, after the adapter is connected, the grid electrode of the transistor Q3 is high voltage, the transistor Q3 is conducted, the voltage of the pin 8 of the charging and discharging chip U1 is pulled down, when the chip U1 detects that the pin 8 is low voltage, that is, the chip U1 detects that the adapter is connected, the charging and discharging switching circuit is in a charging mode, at the moment, the input voltage of the adapter is subjected to boosting regulation through the boosting regulation circuit, so that the mobile power supply is automatically boosted during charging, and therefore, the battery is charged;

when the mobile power supply needs to discharge, the adapter is pulled out, the interface J1 is connected with the terminal, the grid electrode of the transistor Q3 is low voltage, the transistor Q3 is cut off, the voltage of the pin 8 of the charging and discharging chip U1 is pulled up, and when the chip U1 detects that the pin 8 is high voltage, that is, the chip U1 detects that the terminal is connected in, the charging and discharging switching circuit is in a discharging mode, at the moment, the output voltage of the battery is regulated in a step-down mode through the step-up and step-down regulating circuit, so that the mobile power supply is automatically reduced in the discharging process, and the terminal is charged.

In this way, the charging and discharging switching circuit can be freely switched to a charging mode and a discharging mode through an external adapter or terminal, and meanwhile, the mobile power supply is automatically boosted in charging and automatically reduced in discharging through the set up voltage-increasing and-decreasing regulating circuit, so that the charging and discharging efficiency of the mobile power supply is ensured;

and the charging and discharging are integrated together to form a charging and discharging switching circuit, and the boosting and the reducing are integrated together to form a boosting and reducing regulating circuit, so that the occupied space of the circuit board is reduced, and the space is reserved for the battery under the same condition to maximize the battery capacity, thereby improving the space utilization rate and reducing the cost of the circuit board.

It should be emphasized that the examples described herein are illustrative rather than limiting, and therefore the utility model is not limited to the examples described in the detailed description, but rather falls within the scope of the utility model as defined by other embodiments derived from the technical solutions of the utility model by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A mobile power supply charge-discharge control circuit, characterized by comprising: the device comprises a chip U1, a charge-discharge switching circuit, a step-up and step-down voltage regulating circuit, a charge interface circuit and a discharge interface circuit;

2. The charge-discharge control circuit of claim 1, wherein the charge-discharge switching circuit further comprises a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, and a resistor R18;

3. The mobile power supply charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 2, wherein the charge interface circuit comprises an interface J2, a transistor Q1, a resistor R20, a capacitor C14, a resistor R21, and a resistor R22;

4. The mobile power supply charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 2, wherein the discharge interface circuit comprises an interface J1, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R30, and a resistor R31;

5. The charge-discharge control circuit of claim 1, wherein the buck-boost regulating circuit comprises a resistor R7, a capacitor C5, an inductor L1 and a diode D7;

6. The charge and discharge control circuit of claim 5, further comprising a four-way power display circuit having the same circuit structure as the circuit connected to the chip U1;

7. The charge and discharge control circuit of claim 6, further comprising a charge display circuit and a discharge display circuit having the same circuit configuration as the charge display circuit.

8. The charge and discharge control circuit of claim 1, wherein pin 7 of the chip U1 is connected to a switch KEY1.