CN219086089U

CN219086089U - Battery cell and battery module

Info

Publication number: CN219086089U
Application number: CN202320058613.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜俊丰; 季政宇; 桂昊; 程振醒; 金佺良; 於洪将
Original assignee: Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-01-09
Filing date: 2023-01-09
Publication date: 2023-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2033-01-09

Abstract

The application provides a battery cell and battery module, relates to battery technology field. The battery cell comprises a shell assembly and a winding core arranged in the shell assembly, the shell assembly comprises an inner shell and an outer shell, the inner shell is nested in the outer shell and forms a containing gap with the outer shell, a supporting piece is arranged in the containing gap, two opposite sides of the supporting piece are respectively supported on an inner bottom plate and an outer bottom plate, a phase change material is arranged in the containing gap, and the winding core is arranged in the inner shell. Through inner shell and shell formation accommodation clearance, can absorb the deformation volume when the electricity core takes place to bulge, so improved the security of battery module. And the phase change material is arranged in the accommodating gap between the outer shell and the inner shell, so that a good heat absorption effect can be achieved through phase change. Through setting up support piece, can make keep the clearance between the bottom of inner shell and shell, guarantee that phase change material can distribute and dispel the heat in the bottom of casing subassembly. The battery module provided by the application comprises the battery cell.

Description

Battery cell and battery module

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery cell and a battery module.

Background

At present, along with the improvement of user demands, the improvement of the quick charge performance of the battery cell is obvious, and under the high-rate quick charge environment, the heat generation of the battery cell is more, the high-temperature cooling problem of the battery cell is difficult to solve, and the performance of the battery cell is limited. In addition, after the power battery of the new energy automobile circulates for many times, the swelling phenomenon can occur, and if enough expansion gaps are not reserved between adjacent battery cores, the cycle life of the battery cores can be influenced, and the service life of the battery cores is shortened. If enough gaps are reserved between the battery cells, the arrangement of the battery cells is not tight, the stability of the battery cells is poor (easy to shake), and more space is occupied.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present application is to provide a battery cell and a battery module, which can alleviate the adverse effects of excessive heat generation and swelling of the battery cell on the performance and safety of the battery cell.

Embodiments of the present application are implemented as follows:

in a first aspect, the application provides a battery cell, including the casing subassembly and set up the core of rolling up in the casing subassembly, the casing subassembly includes inner shell and shell, the inner shell nestification is in the shell, and form accommodation gap with the shell between, be provided with support piece in the accommodation gap, the inner shell includes the inner bottom plate, the shell includes the outer bottom plate, the inner bottom plate is relative with outer bottom plate interval in order to form at least a part of accommodation gap, support piece's opposite both sides support respectively in inner bottom plate and outer bottom plate, accommodation gap intussuseption is filled with phase change material, the core of rolling up sets up in the inner shell.

In an alternative embodiment, the support member includes a first support bar and a second support bar which are disposed to cross, the first support bar and the second support bar are parallel to the inner bottom plate and the outer bottom plate, and are supported on the inner bottom plate and the outer bottom plate, and the first support bar and the second support bar divide the accommodation gap between the inner bottom plate and the outer bottom plate into a plurality of compartments.

In an alternative embodiment, the number of the first supporting bars and the second supporting bars is multiple, each first supporting bar is parallel to each other, and each second supporting bar is parallel to each other.

In an alternative embodiment, the first support bar and/or the second support bar are provided with notches to communicate between two adjacent compartments.

In an alternative embodiment, the notch is arranged on one surface of the first supporting bar and/or the second supporting bar, which faces the inner bottom plate;

and/or the notch is arranged on one surface of the first supporting bar and/or the second supporting bar, which faces the outer bottom plate.

In an alternative embodiment, the inner shell comprises an inner side plate arranged along the edge of the inner bottom plate, the outer shell comprises an outer side plate arranged along the edge of the outer bottom plate, and a part of the accommodating gap is formed between the inner side plate and the outer side plate;

the outer side plate is provided with an inner concave part which is concave towards the inner side plate and is abutted against the inner side plate.

In an alternative embodiment, the recess extends from an end of the side panel to which the outer base panel is attached to an end remote from the outer base panel;

the battery cell is a cuboid battery cell, the outer side plate is provided with two opposite large side surfaces and two opposite small side surfaces, and the concave part is arranged on the large side surface of the outer side plate.

In an alternative embodiment, two inner concave parts are respectively arranged on two large side surfaces of the outer side plate, the two inner concave parts are respectively adjacent to two edge parts formed by the large side surfaces and two adjacent small side surfaces, and the distance between the inner concave parts and the adjacent edge parts is smaller than 1/3 of the width of the large side surfaces.

In an alternative embodiment, the housing assembly further comprises a top cover connected to the inner housing and the outer housing at an end remote from the inner bottom plate and the outer bottom plate, and the terminal post of the battery cell is protruding from the top cover.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery module comprising a cell according to any one of the preceding embodiments.

The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application are that:

the utility model provides a battery cell includes casing subassembly and sets up the core of rolling up in casing subassembly, casing subassembly includes inner shell and shell, the inner shell nestification is in the shell, and form the accommodation clearance with the shell between, be provided with support piece in the accommodation clearance, the inner shell includes the inner bottom plate, the shell includes the outer bottom plate, the inner bottom plate is relative with the outer bottom plate interval in order to form at least a part of accommodation clearance, support piece's relative both sides are supported respectively in inner bottom plate and outer bottom plate, be provided with phase change material in the accommodation clearance, the core of rolling up sets up in the inner shell. Through inner shell and shell formation accommodation clearance, can take place the deformation volume when the inflation to the electric core and absorb, in other words, when taking place the inflation, the inner shell can outwards expand and make accommodation clearance shrink, and can not directly lead to the outer too much expansion of shell to make the stress rise sharply between the electric core, so improved battery module's security. And set up phase change material in the accommodation clearance between shell and the inner shell, can play fine endothermic effect through the phase transformation, avoid the electric core overheated to reduce the performance restriction or the potential safety hazard because of overheated. Through setting up support piece for the stability of inner shell for the shell is improved, and can make keep the clearance between the bottom of inner shell and shell, guarantees that phase change material can distribute and dispel the heat in the bottom of casing subassembly, thereby improves the radiating effect of electric core bottom.

The battery module provided by the application comprises the battery cell, so that the battery module has relatively stable performance and relatively good safety.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cell in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an inner shell nested within an outer shell in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of section IV of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a support in an embodiment of the present application.

010-cell; a 100-housing assembly; 101-accommodating the gap; 110-an inner shell; 120-a housing; 121-large sides; 122-small sides; 123-concave portion; 130-a support; 131-a first support bar; 132-a second support bar; 133-notch; 140-top cap; 200-pole.

Detailed Description

For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships that are conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of description of the present application and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.

Along with the improvement of user's demand, the promotion of power battery quick charge performance is huge, and under high magnification quick charge environment, the electric core can produce a large amount of heats, and the high temperature of electric core can bring the security to the challenge. And, the current battery module mostly uses clamping silica gel frame and aerogel scheme to isolate the heat after the electric core thermal runaway between the electric core to reserve the clearance between the silica gel frame and compensate the inflation of electric core. The scheme has higher cost, the electric cores need to be extruded, and the space occupation is also more due to the fact that aerogel is filled between the electric cores. If the supporting structure is not arranged between the battery cells, but gaps are directly reserved, the stability of the battery cells is difficult to ensure.

In order to improve at least one defect in the prior art, the embodiment of the application provides a battery cell, through improving the shell component, set up the accommodation gap in the shell component and reserve space for the expansion of battery cell to set up phase change material in the accommodation gap and avoid the battery cell high temperature, thereby improved the security of battery cell. The embodiment of the application also provides a battery module, which comprises the battery cell.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cell 010 according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 2 is an exploded view of a cell 010 in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the battery cell 010 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a housing assembly 100 and a winding core (not shown in the drawings) disposed in the housing assembly 100. The shell assembly 100 includes a top cover 140, an inner shell 110, an outer shell 120, and a supporting member 130, wherein the inner shell 110 is nested in the outer shell 120, the supporting member 130 is disposed between the inner shell 110 and the outer shell 120, the winding core is disposed in the inner shell 110, the top cover 140 covers the openings of the inner shell 110 and the outer shell 120, and a phase change material is disposed between the inner shell 110 and the outer shell 120. The pole 200 of the battery cell 010 is protruded from the top cover 140.

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an inner housing 110 nested within an outer housing 120 in one embodiment of the present application; fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion IV in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, a receiving gap 101 is formed between the inner shell 110 and the outer shell 120, and the supporting member 130 and the phase change material are both disposed in the receiving gap 101. Further, the inner case 110 includes an inner bottom plate and an inner side plate disposed along an edge of the inner bottom plate, thereby forming a chamber of the inner case 110. In this embodiment, the battery core 010 is a cuboid battery core 010, so that the inner side plate is perpendicular to the inner bottom plate, the inner bottom plate and a plurality of surfaces of the inner side plate are all rectangular, and the plurality of surfaces of the inner side plate are surrounded to form a rectangular cylinder. Similarly, the housing 120 includes an outer bottom plate and an outer side plate, the outer side plate is disposed along an edge of the outer bottom plate, the outer side plate is perpendicular to the outer bottom plate, four surfaces of the outer bottom plate and the outer side plate are rectangular, and a plurality of surfaces of the outer side plate are surrounded to form a rectangular cylinder. The outer shell 120 is larger than the inner shell 110 in size so that the inner shell 110 can nest within the outer shell 120 and form a portion of the receiving gap 101 between the inner and outer side plates. The top cover 140 is coupled to the inner and

outer shells

110 and 120 at ends thereof remote from the inner and outer bottom plates.

In the present embodiment, the accommodation gap 101 includes a gap formed between the outer side plate and the inner side plate, and a gap formed between the outer bottom plate and the inner bottom plate. The coverage of the accommodation gap 101 is wider, so that the expansion of the battery cell 010 can be buffered better, and the phase change material can be accommodated more. When the heat inside the battery cell 010 is transferred to the housing assembly 100, the phase change material can absorb a part of the heat as the heat required by phase change (such as liquid-gas), so that the temperature is not easy to rise sharply, the heat absorbing capacity of the housing assembly 100 is further improved, and overheating of the battery cell 010 can be effectively avoided. In the present embodiment, the accommodating gaps 101 are distributed on five sides (except the side where the top cover 140 is located) of the battery cell 010, so that the heat absorbing effect can be better exerted.

Further, in the present embodiment, the outer plate is provided with an inner recess 123, and the inner recess 123 is recessed toward the inner plate and abuts against the inner plate. As shown in the drawing, the outer surface of the outer panel is recessed inward, the inner surface is protruded inward, and the thickness of the outer panel at the inner recess 123 is substantially uniform with the thickness at other portions, and the inner recess 123 may be formed by bending, punching, casting, or the like. The outer plate is abutted against the inner plate through the inner recess 123, so that the position of the inner shell 110 relative to the outer shell 120 can be fixed, and the inner shell 110 is not easy to shake or displace in the cavity of the outer shell 120. By fixing the position of the inner shell 110 in the outer shell 120, the accommodating gap 101 with a proper width can be always kept between the inner shell 110 and the side plates of the outer shell 120, and uneven distribution of the accommodating gap 101 between the inner side plates and the outer side plates due to displacement of the inner shell 110 is avoided. For example, one surface of the inner side plate may be attached to the inner side of the outer shell 120 due to the displacement of the inner shell 110, so that the phase change material cannot enter, and the heat dissipation performance of the side is significantly reduced. In the present embodiment, since the concave portion 123 is provided to abut against the inner side plate, the width of the accommodating gap 101 is maintained, and the phase material can be distributed in the accommodating gap 101 more uniformly.

Further, since the battery cell 010 of the present embodiment is a rectangular parallelepiped battery cell 010, the outer plate has two opposite large sides 121 and two opposite small sides 122, and the concave portion 123 is disposed on the large sides 121 of the outer plate. For the rectangular parallelepiped cell 010, the large side 121 generates more heat and is also a main area for expansion, so that the concave portion 123 is provided on the large side 121, so that a reasonable width of the accommodating gap 101 at the large side 121 can be ensured to accommodate a sufficient amount of phase change material, and the accommodating gap 101 will not disappear due to the inner shell 110 being closely attached to the outer shell 120.

In other alternative embodiments, the small side 122 of the outer side may be provided with an inner concave 123 to abut against the inner side, so as to better limit the displacement of the inner casing 110, and ensure the width of the accommodating gap 101 corresponding to the small side 122, thereby further improving the uniformity of heat dissipation and the buffering capability of expanding the battery cell 010. In other embodiments, the structure of the concave portion 123 is not limited to the long shape, and a plurality of concave portions 123 may be distributed in a dot shape or a plurality of dots, and the abutting limiting function may be effectively performed. In addition, the convex structure may be provided on the outer surface of the inner plate or the inner surface of the outer plate instead of the concave portion 123 of the outer plate, and the abutting limit function may be similarly provided, and the surface of the outer plate may be kept flat.

In this embodiment, the recess 123 extends from the end of the side panel to which the outer bottom panel is attached to the end remote from the outer bottom panel, i.e., from the bottom of the housing assembly 100 to the top cover 140. Optionally, two concave portions 123 are respectively disposed on the two large side surfaces 121 of the outer side plate, the two concave portions 123 are respectively adjacent to two edge portions formed by the large side surfaces 121 and the adjacent two small side surfaces 122, and a distance (L in fig. 3) between the concave portions 123 and the adjacent edge portions is less than 1/3 of a width (W in fig. 3) of the large side surfaces 121. By locating the recess 123 in a bordering position, a sufficient amount of receiving space 101 is reserved in the middle of the large side 121 to store more phase change material, absorb heat better, and cushion expansion occurring in the middle region of the large side 121 better.

It will be appreciated that in other alternative embodiments of the present application, the battery cell 010 may be other than a rectangular battery cell, for example, may be a cylindrical battery cell, and then the inner side plate and the outer side plate are cylindrical correspondingly.

In the embodiment of the application, the supporting member 130 is disposed in the accommodating space 101 at the bottom of the housing assembly 100 (i.e. the other end opposite to the top cover 140), and two opposite sides of the supporting member 130 are respectively supported on the inner bottom plate and the outer bottom plate.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a support 130 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the support 130 includes first and second support bars 131 and 132 disposed to cross each other, the first and second support bars 131 and 132 are parallel to and supported by the inner and outer bottom plates, and the first and second support bars 131 and 132 divide the receiving space 101 between the inner and outer bottom plates into a plurality of cells.

The first supporting strips 131 and the second supporting strips 132 which are arranged in a crossing manner can enable the supporting pieces 130 to be uniformly distributed in the accommodating gap 101 at the bottom of the shell assembly 100, so that the inner shell 110 can be well supported, the accommodating gap 101 is not excessively occupied, and the bottom of the shell assembly 100 is ensured to have enough phase change materials.

Further, the number of the first supporting bars 131 and the second supporting bars 132 is plural, each first supporting bar 131 is parallel to each other, and each second supporting bar 132 is parallel to each other. The first and second support bars 131 and 132 may be vertically disposed such that the support 130 forms a grid-like structure to uniformly provide a supporting force. In the present embodiment, the support 130 includes three first support bars 131 and three second support bars 132, and in alternative other embodiments, the number of the first support bars 131 and the second support bars 132 may be increased or decreased as needed.

Optionally, the first supporting bar 131 and/or the second supporting bar 132 are provided with notches 133 to communicate with two adjacent compartments. In this embodiment, the first supporting bar 131 and the second supporting bar 132 are provided with notches 133, and the notches 133 are disposed on a surface of the first supporting bar 131 and the second supporting bar 132 facing the outer bottom plate. Of course, in alternative other embodiments, the notch 133 may be provided on one of the first support bar 131 or the second support bar 132, and may be provided on a side of the first support bar 131 and/or the second support bar 132 facing the inner bottom plate. The significance of providing the slots 133 is that each compartment is connected so that the phase change material can flow in different compartments with better uniformity and pressure equalization of the individual compartments avoiding local high pressures.

The support 130 provided in this embodiment is a grid-type support, which may be independent of the inner shell 110 and the outer shell 120, or may be fixedly connected to one of the inner shell 110 or the outer shell 120.

In this embodiment, the inner shell 110, the outer shell 120 and the top cover 140 are made of metal, preferably aluminum, and the top cover 140 can be connected to the openings of the inner shell 110 and the outer shell 120 by welding (such as brazing, laser welding) or bonding, and simultaneously seal the accommodating gap 101 and the cavity of the inner shell 110. The material of the support 130 may be plastic or metal.

The embodiment of the application also provides a battery module, which comprises the battery cell 010 provided by the embodiment.

The housing assembly 100 of the battery cell 010 of the embodiment of the application comprises an inner housing 110, an outer housing 120 and a supporting member 130, a double-layer housing structure is formed, and a containing gap 101 formed between the inner housing 110 and the outer housing 120 can provide a buffer space for the battery cell 010 after expanding, so that the cycle life of the battery cell 010 is prolonged. Meanwhile, the phase change material is arranged in the accommodating gap 101, so that heat absorption can be realized on five sides of the battery cell 010, a good cooling effect is ensured, and the cooling efficiency is further improved by matching with liquid cooling of a single side. Through setting up accommodation gap 101 and phase change material, when thermal runaway takes place, phase change material can absorb the heat of high temperature material effectively, and accommodation gap 101 can cushion high temperature eruption material to a certain extent, therefore can slow down the thermal transfer of electric core 010 after thermal runaway, prevents the thermal spread of adjacent electric core 010. In addition, since the housing assembly 100 of the battery cell 010 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a buffering effect on expansion, the battery cells 010 in the battery module can be arranged more tightly, and no more spacer materials need to be arranged between adjacent battery cells 010, so that the space and the material cost can be saved.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a cell, its characterized in that, include the casing subassembly and set up in the core of rolling up in the casing subassembly, the casing subassembly include inner shell and shell, the inner shell nest in the shell, and with form the accommodation gap between the shell, be provided with support piece in the accommodation gap, the inner shell includes the inner bottom plate, the shell includes the outer bottom plate, the inner bottom plate with outer bottom plate interval is relative in order to form at least a portion of accommodation gap, support piece's opposite both sides support respectively in the inner bottom plate with outer bottom plate, be provided with phase change material in the accommodation gap, roll up the core set up in the inner shell.

2. The cell of claim 1, wherein the support member comprises first and second support bars disposed in a crossing manner, the first and second support bars being parallel to and supported by the inner and outer bottom plates, the first and second support bars dividing the receiving gap between the inner and outer bottom plates into a plurality of compartments.

3. The cell of claim 2, wherein the number of first support bars and the number of second support bars are each a plurality, each first support bar being parallel to each other, each second support bar being parallel to each other.

4. The cell of claim 2, wherein the first support bar and/or the second support bar are provided with notches to communicate with adjacent two of the compartments.

5. The cell of claim 4, wherein the notch is disposed on a side of the first support bar and/or the second support bar that faces the inner bottom plate;

6. The cell of claim 1, wherein the inner housing comprises an inner side plate disposed along an edge of the inner bottom plate, the outer housing comprises an outer side plate disposed along an edge of the outer bottom plate, and a portion of the receiving gap is formed between the inner side plate and the outer side plate;

the outer side plate is provided with an inner concave portion which is concave towards the inner side plate and is abutted against the inner side plate.

7. The cell of claim 6, wherein the recess extends from an end of the side plate to which the outer bottom plate is attached to an end remote from the outer bottom plate;

8. The cell of claim 7, wherein two large sides of the outer side plate are respectively provided with two concave portions, two concave portions are respectively adjacent to two ridge portions formed by the large sides and two small sides, and a distance between the concave portions and the adjacent ridge portions is less than 1/3 of a width of the large sides.

9. The cell of claim 6, wherein the housing assembly further comprises a top cover connected to the inner and outer shells at an end remote from the inner and outer bottom plates, and wherein the terminal post of the cell is protruding from the top cover.

10. A battery module comprising the cell of any one of claims 1-9.