CN219070680U - Lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner and device for bypass median access - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner for a bypass median access, which comprises a positioning bottom plate, an adjusting plate, a height adjusting mechanism and an angle measuring mechanism, wherein the adjusting plate is arranged above the positioning bottom plate in parallel through the height adjusting mechanism and is adjustable in height, a first through hole is formed in the positioning bottom plate, a second through hole is formed in the adjusting plate, and the first through hole and the second through hole are coaxially arranged; and the angle measuring mechanism is fixed above the second through hole, the adjusting plate is positioned at the initial position, the center point of the angle measuring mechanism coincides with the center of the circle of the first through hole, and the center point of the angle measuring mechanism moves on the axis along with the change of the height of the adjusting plate. The utility model also provides a device for improving the lumbar puncture accuracy of the bypass median access. The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model can make the puncture needle perform angle adjustment in two directions which are not in the same horizontal plane, and can provide accurate measurement for angle adjustment after needle insertion, thereby improving the puncture success rate.

Description

Lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner and device for bypass median access

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of lumbar puncture, in particular to a lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner and device for a side median access.

Background

Changes in the composition of cerebrospinal fluid can be caused by organic lesions in any part of the central nervous system, such as infections, inflammations, tumors, trauma, oedema and blockages. Through examination of cerebrospinal fluid, the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of diseases can be provided. Therefore, in clinic, the extraction of cerebrospinal fluid by lumbar puncture belongs to the routine bedside diagnosis and treatment operation of neurology department and is a skill which must be mastered by clinical professional graduates. The traditional lumbar puncture method adopts a posterior median approach lumbar puncture technology, the success rate of beginners is less than 70%, learning means are rough, and only standardized die body preliminary learning and repeated attempts of the patient body are adopted, so that the pain of the patient and family members is increased. Another lumbar puncture method proposed by a small number of neurology specialists adopts a bypass median access lumbar puncture technology, and the technology has the advantages that puncture targets (dura mater sacs) are exposed more, so that the puncture fault tolerance range is improved, namely the range of the needle insertion points is larger. However, even so, because the position of the vertebral canal is invisible to naked eyes, how to adjust the proper needle insertion angle can avoid the damage caused by the fact that the needle is inserted into the supraspinal ligament and the interspinous ligament, and for clinical medical personnel with insufficient clinical experience, the needle insertion failure can be caused by inaccurate angle grasping, so that the pain of patients is increased.

The skin of a human body is used as a reference plane where the center point of the angle measuring mechanism is positioned in the conventional puncture auxiliary tool, so that the puncture angle is measured, and the needle is inserted after the measurement is carried out. For example, publication No. CN209236321U is a puncture positioning device for lumbar intervertebral disc and thoracolumbar pedicle, publication No. CN205514802U is a puncture positioning device for percutaneous lumbar intervertebral disc bypass. However, when the puncture needle is inserted, the puncture needle needs to pass through the skin, the fascia layer and the ligament layer in sequence, then the puncture needle is used for puncturing the dura mater and then reaching the subarachnoid space, wherein the skin comprises an epidermis layer, a dermis layer and subcutaneous tissue, the subcutaneous tissue is the thickest layer in the skin and is composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue, and because the layer of tissue is loose and has rich blood vessels, the skin has certain mobility, even if the needle insertion angle is determined by using the positioner, the medical staff can also deviate from the measured angle before puncturing due to the sliding of the subcutaneous tissue, so that the puncture failure is caused, especially for obese patients, the subcutaneous tissue is thickened, the puncture angle is extremely easy to change due to sliding, and the puncture success rate is greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, one of the objects of the present utility model is to provide an auxiliary lumbar puncture locator for a bypass approach, which enables a puncture needle to perform two angular adjustments in directions not in the same horizontal plane, and provides an accurate measure for the angular adjustment after needle insertion, thereby improving the puncture success rate.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

technical solution one

The lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner for the bypass median access comprises a positioning bottom plate, an adjusting plate, a height adjusting mechanism and an angle measuring mechanism, wherein the adjusting plate is arranged above the positioning bottom plate in parallel through the height adjusting mechanism and is adjustable in height, a first through hole is formed in the positioning bottom plate, a second through hole is formed in the adjusting plate, and the first through hole and the second through hole are coaxially arranged; the angle measuring mechanism is fixed above the second through hole, the adjusting plate is located at the initial position, the center point O of the angle measuring mechanism coincides with the center of the circle of the first through hole, and the center point O of the angle measuring mechanism moves on the axis along with the change of the height of the adjusting plate.

More preferably, the angle measuring mechanism comprises a first measuring ruler and a second measuring ruler which are perpendicular to each other; the first measuring ruler is an arc beam marked with first angle scales, the arc beam is bridged above the second through hole, two end parts of the first measuring ruler are vertically fixed on the adjusting plate, the second measuring ruler is an arc beam marked with second angle scales, the second measuring ruler is fixed at the midpoint of the first measuring ruler, the fixed points of the first measuring ruler and the second measuring ruler are located on the axis, the adjusting plate is located at the initial position, and the center points O of the first measuring ruler and the second measuring ruler are coincident with the center of the circle of the first through hole.

More preferably, the edge of the first through hole is provided with a first opening for inserting a needle, the edge of the second through hole is provided with a second opening for inserting a needle, and the first opening and the second opening are correspondingly arranged up and down and are located under the second measuring ruler.

More preferably, the first through hole and the second through hole are semicircular through holes, the first measuring ruler is bridged above the semicircular diameter of the second through hole, and one end part of the second measuring ruler is vertically fixed at the midpoint of the first measuring ruler.

More preferably, a first semicircular hole for increasing the swinging freedom degree of the puncture needle is arranged on the positioning bottom plate, the first semicircular hole is positioned at the center of the first through hole, a second semicircular hole for increasing the swinging space of the puncture needle is arranged on the adjusting plate, and the second semicircular hole is positioned at the center of the second through hole; the upper side and the lower side of the first semicircular hole are respectively provided with a strip-shaped through hole.

More preferably, zero graduation marks of the first angular graduation and the second angular graduation are both positioned on the axis of the first through hole.

More preferably, the height adjusting mechanism comprises a guide post, a limit base and a locking assembly, wherein the guide post is vertically fixed on the positioning bottom plate, the limit base is fixed on the adjusting plate, and the upper end part of the guide post penetrates through the adjusting plate and the limit base; and at least one side surface of the guide post is provided with a first straight scale, and the adjusting plate moves up and down along the guide post and locks the relative positions of the guide post and the limiting base through the locking assembly.

More preferably, the locking assembly comprises a group of ratchets, a flicking piece and two torsion springs; the limiting base is provided with a groove for accommodating the flicking piece, the flicking piece comprises a rotating shaft, a poking piece and a poking rod, the poking piece and the poking rod are both fixed on the side wall of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is arranged in the groove, the two ends of the rotating shaft are rotationally connected with the limiting base, each torsion spring is arranged in the limiting base and is respectively positioned at the two sides of the rotating shaft, one end of each torsion spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the limiting base, the other end of each torsion spring is fixedly connected with the end of the rotating shaft, and the ratchet is arranged at one side edge of the guide post and is matched with the poking piece; and a return spring is sleeved on the guide post and positioned on the adjusting plate and the positioning bottom plate, and the original length of the return spring is equal to the height between the adjusting plate and the positioning bottom plate when the adjusting plate is positioned at the starting position.

More preferably, a third angle scale for assisting in observing the swing angle of the puncture needle is arranged on the positioning bottom plate, the third angle scale is concentric with the first through hole, a fourth angle scale for assisting in observing the swing angle of the puncture needle is arranged on the adjusting plate, and the fourth angle scale is concentric with the second through hole; the side of the positioning bottom plate far from the first through hole is provided with a second ruler scale.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the second object of the present utility model is to provide a device for improving the accuracy of lumbar puncture in a bypass center approach, which can quickly determine the depth of a needle, and can provide an accurate measure for the angle adjustment of a puncture needle by taking the position of the needle tip after the needle is inserted as the center point O, and can also provide two angle adjustments for the puncture needle in directions other than the same horizontal plane, thereby improving the accuracy of the angle positioning of the puncture needle and further improving the success rate of puncture.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a second object of the present utility model is to provide a device for improving lumbar puncture accuracy of a bypass median access.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

technical proposal II

The utility model provides an improve device of other median approach lumbar puncture precision, includes a pjncture needle and according to technical scheme one auxiliary positioning ware, be equipped with a mark A on the outer wall of pjncture needle, the distance d between mark A and the needle point B equals initial height h between auxiliary positioning ware's regulating plate and the location bottom plate.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner for the bypass center access, the center point of the angle measurement mechanism can be adjusted through the height adjustment mechanism, so that the center point of the angle measurement mechanism can be adjusted to the needle point according to the needle insertion depth after a puncture needle is inserted, accurate auxiliary positioning is provided for angle adjustment of the puncture needle after the puncture needle is inserted, the existing puncture failure caused by puncture angle deviation due to skin slippage in the human epidermis measurement process is avoided, and an accurate and reliable puncture needle auxiliary positioning function is provided for clinical medical staff, so that the puncture success rate is greatly improved.

2. The utility model relates to a lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner for a side median approach, which comprises an angle measuring mechanism, wherein the angle measuring mechanism comprises a first measuring ruler and a second measuring ruler which are perpendicular to each other, so that two angle adjustments which are not in the same horizontal plane direction can be provided for a puncture needle, and the angle positioning accuracy of the puncture needle is improved.

3. The utility model provides a lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner for a bypass median access, and also provides a third angle scale and a fourth angle scale, which are used for clinical medical staff to judge the needle inserting angle in an auxiliary manner according to the projection angle of a puncture needle on an adjusting plate and/or a positioning bottom plate, so that the positioning accuracy of the needle inserting angle is further improved.

4. The zero scale line of the angle measurement mechanism of the lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner for the bypass median access is arranged in the same direction as the puncture needle for vertical puncture, the reading is more visual, and the medical staff can conveniently and quickly determine the angle value.

5. The lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner for the bypass median access is simple and convenient in operation and capable of locking the height quickly and automatically.

6. The device for improving the lumbar puncture accuracy of the bypass median access has the advantages of the auxiliary positioner, also has the advantages of quickly determining the needle inserting depth and adjusting the center point of the angle measuring mechanism to the needle point of the puncture needle through the height adjusting mechanism, and is more convenient to operate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an auxiliary positioner according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a side view of an auxiliary positioner of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a front view of an auxiliary positioner according to the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a top view of an auxiliary positioner according to the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an auxiliary positioner of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a positioning floor and guide post of an auxiliary positioner according to the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an adjustment plate and angle measurement mechanism of an auxiliary positioner according to the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a spring-loaded member of an auxiliary positioner according to the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a puncture needle with an auxiliary positioner and auxiliary positioning device according to the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a rear mid-line alignment schematic of an auxiliary positioner of the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the usage state of the auxiliary positioner and the auxiliary positioning device before the angle adjustment according to the present utility model;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the usage of the auxiliary positioner and the auxiliary positioning device in angle adjustment according to the present utility model;

FIG. 13 is an auxiliary positioner with a return spring and a poster layer of the present utility model;

FIG. 14 is a view of an auxiliary positioner with reinforcing ribs according to the present utility model;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of another embodiment of an auxiliary positioner according to the present utility model;

FIG. 16 is a side view of another embodiment of an auxiliary positioner of the present utility model;

FIG. 17 is a front view of another embodiment of an auxiliary positioner of the present utility model;

FIG. 18 is a top view of another embodiment of an auxiliary positioner of the present utility model;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing a usage state of an auxiliary positioner according to another embodiment of the present utility model before an angle adjustment;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view illustrating a usage state of an auxiliary positioner according to another embodiment of the present utility model during an angle adjustment;

reference numerals illustrate:

10. positioning a bottom plate; 11. a first through hole; 12. a first semicircle orifice; 13. a strip-shaped through hole; 14. a first opening; 15. a third angular scale; 16. a second ruler scale; 17. a first needle inlet; 18. a post layer;

20. an adjusting plate; 21. a second through hole; 22. a second semicircular hole; 23. a second opening; 24. fourth corner scale; 25. a second needle inlet;

30. a height adjusting mechanism; 31. a guide post; 311 first straight scale; 32. a limit base; 321. a groove; 33. a locking assembly; 331. a ratchet; 332. a flicking piece; 3321. a rotating shaft; 3322. a pulling piece; 3323. a deflector rod; 34. positioning columns; 35. a limit groove; 36. an elastic member; 37. a stud; 38. an adjusting nut; 39. a return spring;

40. an angle measurement mechanism; 41. a first measuring scale; 411. a first angular scale; 42. a second measuring scale; 421. a second angular scale; 43. a third measuring scale; 44. a fourth measuring scale; 45. a bracket; 46. reinforcing ribs;

50. a puncture needle; 60. a skin layer; 70. the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia; 80. a posterior midline; A. marking; B. a needle tip; o, a central point; d. a distance; h. initial height.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 20, a lumbar puncture assistance device for a lateral median approach comprises a positioning base 10, an adjusting plate 20, a height adjusting mechanism 30 and an angle measuring mechanism 40. The positioning base plate 10 is attached to the human skin layer 60. The skin layer 60 includes epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. The adjusting plate 20 is arranged above the positioning base plate 10 in parallel through the height adjusting mechanism 30, the positioning base plate 10 is provided with a first through hole 11, the adjusting plate 20 is provided with a second through hole 21, and the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21 are coaxially arranged. The angle measuring mechanism 40 is fixed above the second through hole 21, the adjusting plate 20 is located at the initial position, the center point O of the angle measuring mechanism 40 coincides with the center of the circle of the first through hole 11, and the center point O of the angle measuring mechanism 40 moves on the axis along with the change of the height of the adjusting plate 20.

With the aid of the auxiliary positioner, when lumbar puncture is performed, accurate measurement can be provided for the puncture angle while the puncture angle deviation caused by skin slippage is overcome. Referring to fig. 1, 9-12 and 19-20, the specific process is as follows:

1) Auxiliary locator initialization: the height of the adjusting plate 20 is adjusted to a set starting position.

In order to conveniently determine the lowering height of the adjusting plate 20 according to the depth of the vertical needle insertion, the following preparation work is performed: a mark a is made on the lancet 50, and the distance d between the mark a and the lancet tip B is equal to the initial height h of the adjusting plate 20 with respect to the positioning base plate 10. When the needle is advanced vertically to the posterior thoracic and lumbar fascia layer 70, the mark A creates a height differential relative to the adjustment plate 20. At this time, the height of the adjustment plate 20 is lowered by the height adjustment mechanism 30, and the adjustment plate 20 and the mark a are again in the equal height state. Alternatively, the height adjustment mechanism 30 and the puncture needle 50 are provided with scale values, and when the needle tip B reaches the posterior layer 70 of the thoracolumbar fascia, the needle penetration depth value is read out according to the scale value on the puncture needle 50, and then, in response, the height of the adjustment plate 20 is adjusted downward by the height adjustment mechanism 30, and the downward-adjusted height value is determined according to the scale value on the height adjustment mechanism 30, which is equal to the needle penetration depth value.

2) Determining a puncture point: referring to fig. 10, the posterior midline 80 is defined first, the posterior midline 80 is a midline drawn along the spine, and the arrow direction points to the head end direction; taking the lumbar 4 spinous process L4 as an example, the position of the lumbar 4 spinous process L4 is determined, and the position which is about 1.2 to 1.5 centimeters apart from the upper edge of the lumbar 4 spinous process L4 is defined as a skin needle insertion point.

3) Subcutaneous vertical penetration procedure: the needle 50 enters the skin layer 60 perpendicularly from the needle entry point until reaching the posterior thoracolumbar fascia layer 70, as shown in fig. 11 and 19. The skin layer 60 is loose and the posterior thoracic and lumbar fascia layer 70 is malleable, so that a physician can easily determine that the needle 50 has reached the posterior thoracic and lumbar fascia layer 70. Because the puncture needle 50 vertically punctures the skin, the problem of puncture angle deviation caused by skin sliding during oblique puncture is well solved;

4) Adjusting the needle inserting direction: firstly, using the auxiliary positioner, the puncture needle 50 passes through the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21, so that the positioning base plate 10 is attached to the human skin layer 60; secondly, the auxiliary positioner is adjusted so that the puncture needle 50 is positioned on the axis; at this time, a height difference is generated between the mark a on the puncture needle 50 and the adjusting plate 20, the height adjusting mechanism 30 is adjusted, and the height of the adjusting plate 20 is reduced, as shown in fig. 11 and 19, so that the adjusting plate 20 and the mark a on the puncture needle 50 are located on the same horizontal plane, or the needle penetration depth is read according to the scale value on the puncture needle 50, and then the height is adjusted down according to the scale on the height adjusting mechanism 30. After the height adjustment of the adjusting plate 20 is completed, the needle point B of the puncture needle 50 is returned to the center point O of the angle measuring mechanism 40 again; referring to fig. 12 and 20, finally, the angle measuring mechanism 40 measures the inclination angle of the puncture needle 50, so that the angle measurement is more accurate. Since the puncture needle 50 has penetrated the relatively unstable skin layer 60 when it enters the posterior thoracolumbar fascia layer 70, the needle insertion angle is adjusted by the auxiliary positioner, and the needle insertion is continued after the needle insertion angle is accurately measured, at this time, the puncture needle 50 has penetrated the skin layer 60, and thus, the needle insertion angle can be maintained stable during the puncture process.

The lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner for the bypass median access can assist the bypass median access to puncture lumbar, when the needle point B of the puncture needle 50 reaches the rear layer 70 of the thoracic and lumbar fascia, the angle measurement mechanism 40 of the auxiliary positioner adjusts the position through the height adjustment mechanism 30, so that the central point O of the angle measurement mechanism 40 follows the needle point B of the puncture needle 50 to reach the rear layer 70 of the thoracic and lumbar fascia, and then the angle measurement mechanism 40 is utilized to adjust the needle insertion inclination angle, so that the measurement of the needle insertion inclination angle is more accurate. Meanwhile, since the posterior thoracic and lumbar fascia layer 70 is more compact relative to the skin layer 60, the relationship between the anatomical structure and the bony structure is more stable, and the needle insertion inclination angle can be kept stable during the subsequent needle insertion process, from the posterior thoracic and lumbar fascia layer 70 to the lamina gap, and finally into the dura mater sac after the needle insertion inclination angle is measured and determined by the angle measuring mechanism 40, thereby further improving the success rate of the puncture. The lumbar puncture auxiliary positioner for the bypass median access not only can provide accurate and reliable guiding function for medical staff lacking clinical experience, but also can greatly improve the success rate of overall puncture.

Example two

The difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that a preferred embodiment of the angle measuring device 40 and the height adjusting device 30 is provided.

Referring to fig. 2 to 5 and 7, the angle measuring mechanism 40 includes a first measuring scale 41 and a second measuring scale 42 perpendicular to each other; the first measuring scale 41 is an arc beam marked with a first angle scale 411, the arc beam is bridged above the second through hole 21, two end parts of the arc beam are vertically fixed on the adjusting plate 20, the second measuring scale 42 is an arc beam marked with a second angle scale 421, the second measuring scale 42 is fixed at the midpoint of the first measuring scale 41, the fixed points of the first measuring scale 41 and the second measuring scale 42 are positioned on the axis, the adjusting plate 20 is positioned at the initial position, the center points O of the first measuring scale 41 and the second measuring scale 42 are overlapped with the center of the circle of the first through hole 11, and the center point O of the angle measuring mechanism 40 moves on the axis along with the height change of the adjusting plate 20.

The first angular scale 411 and the second angular scale 421 may further be marked with an optimal range of swing angles, for example, the scale lines in the optimal range of swing angles are set to be red or green or widened scale lines are thickened, so that a doctor can observe the range of swing angles conveniently and determine whether the swing angles fall in the optimal angle range.

More preferably, referring to fig. 6, 7 and 10, the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21 are both semicircular through holes. Because the puncture needle 50 only punctures from one side of the lumbar vertebra when the lumbar vertebra is punctured, the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21 are semicircular through holes, so that the positioning bottom plate 10 of the auxiliary positioner is larger in fitting area with a human body, more convenient to use and simpler and more attractive in structure. The first measuring scale 41 is bridged over the semicircle diameter of the second through hole 21, and one end of the second measuring scale 42 is vertically fixed at the midpoint of the first measuring scale 41. The first measuring scale 41 is used for measuring the inclination angle of the puncture needle 50 to the midline, and the second measuring scale 42 is used for measuring the inclination angle to the head end. Meanwhile, the positioning base plate 10 is provided with a first semicircular hole 12 for increasing the swinging freedom degree of the puncture needle 50, the first semicircular hole 12 is located at the center of the first through hole 11, the adjusting plate 20 is provided with a second semicircular hole 22 for increasing the swinging space of the puncture needle 50, and the second semicircular hole 22 is located at the center of the second through hole 21. The upper and lower sides of the first semicircle orifice 12 are respectively provided with a strip-shaped through hole 13. The strip-shaped through holes 13 are used for aligning with the rear midline 80, and one of the strip-shaped through holes 13 is selected according to the position of the puncture point, namely, the position of the puncture point is positioned at the left side or the right side of the spine, so that the rear midline 80 falls in the strip-shaped through hole 13, as shown in fig. 10.

When the angle measuring mechanism 40 measures the needle insertion angle, the puncture needle 50 is first positioned near the intersection point of the first measuring scale 41 and the second measuring scale 42, so that the puncture needle 50 is positioned on the axis of the first through hole 11, and then the needle insertion angle is adjusted by using the first angle scale 411 and the second angle scale 421 on the first measuring scale 41 and the second measuring scale 42, for example, the puncture needle 50 is measured to be inclined 15±5° toward the central line 80 by using the first angle scale 411 on the first measuring scale 41, and the puncture needle 50 is measured to be inclined 20±10° toward the head end by using the second angle scale 421 on the second measuring scale 42. The angle measuring mechanism 40 has the following advantages: 1. when the lumbar puncture is performed, the puncture needle 50 needs to be obliquely upwards inserted into the vertebral canal, so that the needle insertion angle can be positioned from the two directions by the first measuring ruler 41 and the second measuring ruler 42, and the angle measurement is more comprehensive and accurate. 2. The center point O of the angle measuring mechanism 40 can follow the needle tip B of the puncture needle 50 under the adjustment of the height adjusting mechanism 30, and therefore, the angle measuring mechanism 40 measures the angle of penetration more accurately.

Referring to fig. 1, 4, 6 and 7, the positioning base plate 10 is provided with a third angle scale 15 for assisting in observing the swing angle of the puncture needle 50, the third angle scale 15 is concentric with the first through hole 11, the adjusting plate 20 is provided with a fourth angle scale 24 for assisting in observing the swing angle of the puncture needle 50, and the fourth angle scale 24 is concentric with the second through hole 21. The third and fourth angular scales 15, 24 are used to determine the angular value of the projection of the puncture needle 50 on the positioning base 10 and the adjusting plate 20. The positioning base plate 10 is provided with a second ruler scale 16 on the side far from the first through hole 11, which can be used for measuring the side-open distance of the needle insertion point when the needle insertion point of the puncture needle 50 is positioned.

Referring to fig. 1, in order to simplify the operation of the puncture needle 50 entering the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21, in this embodiment, a first opening 14 for inserting a needle is provided at an edge of the first through hole 11, a second opening 23 for inserting a needle is provided at an edge of the second through hole 21, and the first opening 14 and the second opening 23 are vertically and correspondingly disposed and are located under the second measuring ruler 42. After the puncture needle 50 vertically penetrates the posterior layer 70 of the thoracolumbar fascia, the auxiliary positioner passes through the first notch 14 and the second notch 23 to enable the puncture needle 50 to enter the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21.

Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 5, the height adjusting mechanism 30 includes a guide post 31, a limit base 32 and a locking assembly 33, wherein the guide post 31 is vertically fixed on the positioning base plate 10, the limit base 32 is fixed on the adjusting plate 20, and an upper end portion of the guide post 31 passes through the adjusting plate 20 and the limit base 32; at least one side of the guide post 31 is provided with a first straight scale 311, and the adjusting plate 20 moves up and down along the guide post 31 and locks the relative positions of the guide post 31 and the limit base 32 through the locking component 33. The initial position of the adjusting plate 20 is set to be the 0 initial position of the first straight scale 311, so that the initial position of the adjusting plate 20 can be conveniently determined, and the adjusted height value can be rapidly measured.

Preferably, referring to fig. 5 and 8, the locking assembly 33 includes a set of ratchet teeth 331, a spring 332, and two torsion springs (not shown); the limiting base 32 is provided with a groove 321 for accommodating the flicking member 332, the flicking member 332 includes a rotating shaft 3321, a poking piece 3322 and a poking rod 3323, the poking piece 3322 and the poking rod 3323 are both fixed on the side wall of the rotating shaft 3321, the rotating shaft 3321 is arranged in the groove 321 and two ends of the rotating shaft 3321 are rotatably connected with the limiting base 32, each torsion spring is arranged in the limiting base 32 and is respectively positioned at two sides of the rotating shaft 3321, one end of each torsion spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the limiting base 32, the other end of each torsion spring is fixedly connected with the end of the rotating shaft 3321, and the ratchet 331 is arranged on one side of the guide post 31 and is matched with the poking piece 3322.

The operation steps of the height adjusting mechanism 30 are as follows: when the adjusting plate 20 is required to slide downwards, the adjusting plate 20 is pressed downwards, the poking pieces 3322 positioned between the ratchets 331 repeatedly rotate downwards under the action of downward pressure of the adjusting plate 20, namely, rebound action is repeated, after the adjusting position is determined, downward pressure is not applied to the adjusting plate 20 any more, and the poking pieces 3322 rebound under the action of the torsion spring and are clamped into gaps between two adjacent ratchets 331, so that the height of the adjusting plate 20 is locked. When the adjusting plate 20 needs to be retracted to the initial position, the dial rod 3323 is dial-up, the dial piece 3322 is far away from the ratchet 331, and when the adjusting plate 20 is lifted up to the initial position, the dial rod 3323 is released, the dial piece 3322 is clamped into the gap of the ratchet 331, and the adjusting plate 20 is locked at the initial position. The height adjustment mechanism 30 of this embodiment is simple to operate and can automatically lock the height quickly.

Further, in order to improve the convenience of resetting the adjusting plate 20, the guide post 31 is sleeved with a reset spring 39, the reset spring 39 is located on the adjusting plate 20 and the positioning bottom plate 10, and when the original length of the reset spring 39 is equal to the height between the adjusting plate 20 and the positioning bottom plate 10 when the adjusting plate 20 is located at the initial position. When the adjusting plate 20 needs to be retracted to the initial position, the dial rod 3323 is dial-up, so that the dial piece 3322 is far away from the ratchet 331, the adjusting plate 20 is quickly restored under the tension of the reset spring 39, the adjusting table 20 is lifted to the initial position, the dial rod 3323 is released, the dial piece 3322 is clamped into the gap of the ratchet 331, and the adjusting plate 20 is locked at the initial position.

Referring to fig. 12, a post layer 18 is further disposed on the lower surface of the positioning board 10. After the placement position of the auxiliary locator is determined, the release paper on the pasting layer is torn off, the auxiliary locator is fixed on the skin, and hands of a doctor are released, so that the puncture operation is more convenient.

Further, the guide post 31 and the positioning base plate 10 are detachably and fixedly connected, for example, by a clamping manner: the notch for accommodating the bottom of the guide post 31 is formed in the positioning bottom plate 10, the inner wall of the periphery of the notch is provided with a clamping groove, the periphery of the outer wall of the bottom of the guide post 31 is provided with a clamping protrusion, and the clamping protrusion is embedded into the clamping groove, so that the guide post 31 is fixed on the positioning bottom plate 10. Because the positioning bottom plate 10 and the height adjusting mechanism 30 are detachable, the height adjusting mechanism 30 and the adjusting plate 20 are in detachable connection, so that the difficulty of the production process can be reduced, and the portable electric bicycle can be conveniently carried out.

Referring to fig. 13, in order to improve the stability of the angle measuring mechanism 40, a reinforcing rib 46 is disposed between the first measuring scale 41 and the limiting base 32, so as to improve the stability and firmness of the first measuring scale 41 and the second measuring scale 42.

The auxiliary positioner can be made of transparent materials or non-transparent materials.

The second embodiment has the following advantages in addition to the advantages of the first embodiment: 1. the angle measurement mechanism 40 can provide two angle measurements of the puncture needle 50 in directions which are not in the same horizontal plane, and meanwhile, can assist in judging the needle insertion angle according to the projection angle of the puncture needle 50 on the adjusting plate and/or the positioning bottom plate, so that the positioning accuracy of the needle insertion angle is greatly improved; 2. the height adjusting mechanism 30 is easy to operate and can quickly lock the position of the adjusting plate 20 when adjusting the height; 3. the positioning bottom plate 10 is provided with a second ruler scale 16, so that the side opening distance of the needle inlet and outlet points can be conveniently measured; 4. the positioning base plate 10 is provided with a strip-shaped through hole 13, and the strip-shaped through hole is aligned with the rear median line 80, so that the placement position of the auxiliary positioner can be rapidly determined.

Example III

The third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that another implementation of the angle measuring mechanism 40 and the height adjusting mechanism 30 is provided.

Referring to fig. 15 to 20, the angle measuring mechanism 40 includes a third measuring scale 43 and a fourth measuring scale 44 disposed vertically and crossed, and two ends of the third measuring scale 43 and the fourth measuring scale 44 are fixed on the adjusting plate 20. In this embodiment, the two ends of the third measuring scale 43 and the fourth measuring scale 44 are fixed to the adjusting plate 20 by brackets 45. The intersection point of the third measuring scale 43 and the fourth measuring scale 44 and the zero graduation marks of the third measuring scale 43 and the fourth measuring scale 44 are all located on the axis of the first through hole 11, that is, the 0 degree value of the third measuring scale 43 and the fourth measuring scale 44 is set on the intersection point. The adjusting plate 20 is located at the initial position, the center points O of the third measuring ruler 43 and the fourth measuring ruler 44 are all coincident with the center of the circle of the first through hole 11, and the horizontal reference plane where the center point O is located moves on the axis along with the height adjustment of the adjusting plate 20. When the angle measuring mechanism 40 measures the needle insertion angle, the puncture needle 50 is first positioned near the intersection point of the third measuring scale 43 and the fourth measuring scale 44, so that the puncture needle 50 is positioned on the axis of the first through hole 11, and then the needle insertion angle is adjusted by using the angle scale values on the third measuring scale 43 and the fourth measuring scale 44, and the measuring manner is the same as that of the first measuring scale 41 and the second measuring scale 42 in the second embodiment.

The angle measuring mechanism 40 has the following advantages: 1. when the lumbar puncture is performed, the puncture needle 50 needs to be obliquely upwards inserted into the vertebral canal, so that the needle insertion angle can be positioned from two directions through the third measuring ruler 43 and the fourth measuring ruler 44, and the angle measurement is more comprehensive and accurate. 2. Zero graduation marks are provided on the axis of the first through hole 11, so that the angle measuring mechanism 40 can read more conveniently when measuring the needle insertion angle of the puncture needle 50. 3. The center point O of the angle measuring mechanism 40 can follow the needle tip B of the puncture needle 50 under the adjustment of the height adjusting mechanism 30, which makes the angle measuring mechanism 40 more accurate in measuring the needle insertion angle.

In order to simplify the operation of the puncture needle 50 entering the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21, in this embodiment, a first needle inlet 17 is formed at the edge of the positioning base plate 10, the first needle inlet 17 is communicated with the first through hole 11, a second needle inlet 25 is formed at the edge of the adjusting plate 20, the second needle inlet 25 is communicated with the second through hole 21, and the first needle inlet 17 and the second needle inlet 25 are vertically overlapped. After the puncture needle 50 vertically penetrates the posterior thoracolumbar fascia layer 70, the auxiliary positioner guides the puncture needle 50 into the first and second through holes 11 and 21 through the first and second needle inlets 17 and 25.

The height adjusting mechanism 30 comprises four positioning columns 34, two limiting grooves 35, an elastic member 36, a stud 37 and an adjusting nut 38, one end of each positioning column 34 is vertically fixed on the positioning bottom plate 10 at intervals, the other end passes through the adjusting plate 20 and is in sliding connection with the adjusting plate 20, the stud 37 passes through the adjusting plate 20 from top to bottom, one end of each stud is fixed on the positioning bottom plate 10, the other end of each stud is located above the adjusting plate 20, the adjusting nut 38 is arranged on the stud 37 and is located above the adjusting plate 20, the elastic member 36 is sleeved on the stud 37 and is located between the adjusting plate 20 and the positioning bottom plate 10, the limiting grooves 35 are respectively arranged on the upper surface of the positioning bottom plate 10 and the lower bottom surface of the adjusting plate 20, and two end parts of the elastic member 36 are located through the limiting grooves 35. Typically, the elastic member 36 is a spring. The positioning column 34 plays a role in guiding and positioning the up-and-down sliding of the adjusting plate 20. The two limiting grooves 35 enable the elastic piece 36 to be thrown under the action of external force and keep the state of being vertical to the positioning bottom plate 10. When the height of the adjusting plate 20 needs to be adjusted downward, the adjusting nut 38 is turned to generate downward pressure on the adjusting plate 20, so that the elastic member 36 is compressed, and the adjusting plate 20 is stably lowered under the guidance of the positioning column 34.

The third embodiment has the following advantages in addition to the advantages of the first embodiment: 1. the angle measuring mechanism 40 can provide two angular adjustments of the puncture needle 50 in directions which are not in the same horizontal plane, so that the needle inserting angle positioning accuracy is improved; 2. the angle measurement mechanism 40 takes the needle point B of the puncture needle 50 as a center point O, and takes the direction of the puncture needle 50 as a zero scale mark, so that the angle measurement is more accurate, and the angle value of the puncture needle 50 is more intuitively and clearly read; 3. the height adjusting mechanism 30 is easy to operate and stable in lifting when adjusting the height.

Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a device applied in combination with the auxiliary positioner in the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, see the fourth embodiment in detail.

Example IV

Referring to fig. 1 to 20, a device for improving the lumbar puncture accuracy of a lateral median approach includes a puncture needle 50 and an auxiliary positioner as described in the first to third embodiments, wherein a mark a is disposed on an outer wall of the puncture needle 50, and a distance d between the mark a and a needle point B is equal to an initial height h between an adjusting plate 20 and a positioning base plate 10 of the auxiliary positioner.

The mark a may be marked on the outer wall of the shank of the puncture needle of any needle species, not limited to the needle species shown in fig. 9.

Be equipped with mark A on the pjncture needle 50 outer wall, through mark A with the difference in height between the regulating plate 20, can confirm the needle advance degree of depth fast and adjust the central point O of angle measurement mechanism 40 to pjncture needle 50's needle point B through high adjustment mechanism, the operation is more convenient and has guaranteed the accuracy of needle advance angle.

The method of using the puncture needle 50 in combination with the auxiliary positioner according to the fourth embodiment is described in the first, second and third embodiments.

The fourth embodiment has the advantages of being capable of quickly determining the needle insertion depth, clearly adjusting the height of the plate 20 and the like in addition to the advantages of the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment.

The foregoing description is only specific embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and all equivalent structural changes made by the present utility model and the accompanying drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. A lumbar puncture auxiliary positioning ware for other median approach, its characterized in that: the device comprises a positioning bottom plate (10), an adjusting plate (20), a height adjusting mechanism (30) and an angle measuring mechanism (40), wherein the adjusting plate (20) is arranged above the positioning bottom plate (10) in parallel through the height adjusting mechanism (30) and is adjustable in height, a first through hole (11) is formed in the positioning bottom plate (10), a second through hole (21) is formed in the adjusting plate (20), and the first through hole (11) and the second through hole (21) are coaxially arranged; the angle measuring mechanism (40) is fixed above the second through hole (21), the adjusting plate (20) is positioned at the initial position, the center point O of the angle measuring mechanism (40) coincides with the center of the circle of the first through hole (11), and the center point O of the angle measuring mechanism (40) moves on the axis along with the change of the height of the adjusting plate (20); the angle measuring mechanism (40) comprises a first measuring ruler (41) and a second measuring ruler (42) which are perpendicular to each other; the first measuring ruler (41) is an arc-shaped beam marked with a first angle scale (411), the arc-shaped beam is bridged above the second through hole (21) and two end parts of the arc-shaped beam are vertically fixed on the adjusting plate (20), the second measuring ruler (42) is an arc-shaped beam marked with a second angle scale (421), the second measuring ruler (42) is fixed at the middle point of the first measuring ruler (41), the fixed points of the first measuring ruler (41) and the second measuring ruler (42) are located on the axis, the adjusting plate (20) is located at the initial position, and the center points O of the first measuring ruler (41) and the second measuring ruler (42) are coincident with the circle center of the first through hole (11).

2. A lumbar puncture assistance locator for a paramidline access as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the border of first through-hole (11) is equipped with first opening (14) that are used for the needle of inserting, the border of second through-hole (21) is equipped with second opening (23) that are used for the needle of inserting, correspond about first opening (14) and second opening (23) and set up and be located under second measurement chi (42).

3. A lumbar puncture assistance locator for a paramidline access as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the first through holes (11) and the second through holes (21) are semicircular through holes, the first measuring ruler (41) is bridged above the semicircular diameter of the second through holes (21), and one end part of the second measuring ruler (42) is vertically fixed at the middle point of the first measuring ruler (41).

4. A lumbar puncture assistance locator for a paramidline access according to claim 3, wherein: the positioning bottom plate (10) is provided with a first semicircular hole (12) for increasing the swinging freedom degree of the puncture needle, the first semicircular hole (12) is positioned at the circle center of the first through hole (11), the adjusting plate (20) is provided with a second semicircular hole (22) for increasing the swinging space of the puncture needle, and the second semicircular hole (22) is positioned at the circle center of the second through hole (21); the upper side and the lower side of the first semicircular hole (12) are respectively provided with a strip-shaped through hole (13).

5. A lumbar puncture assistance locator for a paramidline access as set forth in claim 2, wherein: zero graduation marks of the first angular graduation (411) and the second angular graduation (421) are both located on the axis.

6. A lumbar puncture assistance locator for a paramidline access as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the height adjusting mechanism (30) comprises a guide column (31), a limit base (32) and a locking assembly (33), wherein the guide column (31) is vertically fixed on the positioning bottom plate (10), the limit base (32) is fixed on the adjusting plate (20), and the upper end part of the guide column (31) penetrates through the adjusting plate (20) and the limit base (32); at least one side surface of the guide column (31) is provided with a first straight scale (311), and the adjusting plate (20) moves up and down along the guide column (31) and locks the relative positions of the guide column (31) and the limiting base (32) through the locking assembly (33).

7. The lumbar puncture assistance locator for a paramidline access of claim 6, wherein: the locking component (33) comprises a group of ratchets (331), a flicking piece (332) and two torsion springs; the limiting base (32) is provided with a groove (321) for accommodating the flicking piece (332), the flicking piece (332) comprises a rotating shaft (3321), a poking piece (3322) and a poking rod (3323), the poking piece (3322) and the poking rod (3323) are both fixed on the side wall of the rotating shaft (3321), the rotating shaft (3321) is arranged in the groove (321) and the two ends of the rotating shaft are rotationally connected with the limiting base (32), each torsion spring is arranged in the limiting base (32) and respectively positioned on the two sides of the rotating shaft (3321), one end of each torsion spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the limiting base (32), the other end of each torsion spring is fixedly connected with the end of the rotating shaft (3321), and the ratchet (331) is arranged on one side of the guide post (31) and is matched with the poking piece (3322); and a return spring (39) is sleeved on the guide column (31), the return spring (39) is positioned on the adjusting plate (20) and the positioning bottom plate (10), and when the original length of the return spring (39) is equal to the height between the adjusting plate (20) and the positioning bottom plate (10) when the adjusting plate (20) is positioned at the initial position.

8. A lumbar puncture assistance locator for a paramidline access according to claim 1, wherein: a third angle scale (15) for assisting in observing the swing angle of the puncture needle is arranged on the positioning bottom plate (10), the third angle scale (15) is concentric with the first through hole (11), a fourth angle scale (24) for assisting in observing the swing angle of the puncture needle is arranged on the adjusting plate (20), and the fourth angle scale (24) is concentric with the second through hole (21); the side of the positioning bottom plate (10) far away from the first through hole (11) is provided with a second ruler scale (16).

9. Device for improving lumbar puncture accuracy of bypass median access, which is characterized in that: comprising a puncture needle (50) and an auxiliary positioner according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a mark a is provided on the outer wall of the puncture needle (50), and the distance d between the mark a and the needle tip B is equal to the initial height h between the adjusting plate (20) and the positioning base plate (10) of the auxiliary positioner.

Images