CN219066960U

CN219066960U - Air-cooled energy storage system

Info

Publication number: CN219066960U
Application number: CN202320086526.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张洪彬; 樊成芳; 杜洋; 彭磊
Original assignee: WUHAN TIANHE TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: WUHAN TIANHE TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date: 2023-01-30
Filing date: 2023-01-30
Publication date: 2023-05-23
Anticipated expiration: 2033-01-30

Abstract

The utility model provides an air-cooled energy storage system, which distributes air flow at an air outlet of an air conditioner through a radiation type air duct, so that the cold air quantity distributed by each battery pack is uniform, and the temperature of each part of the energy storage system is kept uniform. The utility model provides an air-cooled energy storage system, which comprises a battery compartment, wherein a battery cluster and an air cooling structure of the battery cluster are arranged in the battery compartment, the air cooling structure comprises an air conditioner and an air duct, the air conditioner is arranged above the battery cluster, an air outlet of the air conditioner is positioned above the rear part of the battery cluster, a plurality of inner air ducts which are vertically communicated are arranged inside the battery cluster, a side air duct is formed between the battery cluster and a battery compartment wall, the air outlet of the air conditioner is respectively connected with the inner air duct and the side air duct through a plurality of radial branch air ducts, a plurality of module air outlets are arranged in front of the battery cluster, and an exhaust fan is arranged at the module air outlets.

Description

Air-cooled energy storage system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly relates to an air-cooled energy storage system.

Background

With the large-scale grid connection of new energy and the construction of smart grids, energy storage systems have recently gained widespread attention and a great deal of application. The battery energy storage system can provide great value from the aspects of safety, stability, economic benefit and the like, whether the power generation side, the power grid side or the user side is adopted. Under the current increasing application scene demands, the technical level and technical capability of energy storage system integrators are also driven to be rapidly upgraded.

At present, industrial and commercial energy storage mainly comprises battery energy storage, and most of the existing battery energy storage systems are cabinet type energy storage systems, namely, a plurality of battery packs are arranged in a cabinet type box body to form battery clusters, and the temperature is an important factor affecting the safety, performance and service life of the battery clusters. The temperature is too high, and the battery can accelerate aging; the temperature is too low, the performance of the battery can be obviously attenuated, and the aging can be accelerated; the extremely high temperatures can cause irreversible damage to the battery and even destroy the battery in severe cases. In addition, the overlarge temperature difference between different battery pack can influence the consistency of the battery performance, so that the performance and the service life of the battery cluster are reduced, and therefore, how to ensure that the battery cluster works at a stable temperature becomes an important point of energy storage system design. In the prior art, the temperature control of the industrial and commercial energy storage system mainly adopts forced air cooling and liquid cooling, and the liquid cooling system is the main stream choice of the temperature control of the industrial and commercial energy storage system because of higher cost and less application in the market after application.

The air-cooled energy storage system adopts a door-mounted integrated air conditioner, as shown in fig. 1, taking the working state of the air conditioner as refrigeration as an example: the cold flow discharged from the internal circulation air outlet of the door-mounted air conditioner a5 passes through the internal circulation air duct a3 to the cabinet body rear cabin a2, then enters into the battery cluster through the air hole at the tail part of the battery pack, becomes hot flow through the battery pack, is pumped out by the fan a4, enters into the energy storage cabinet front cabin a1, and finally enters into the internal circulation air return opening. The structure has the advantages of simple integral structure and low air duct cost. However, the distribution of cold flow by the battery pack cannot be controlled, so that the battery pack at the position near the air duct outlet a7 has low temperature, and the battery pack at the position far away from the air duct outlet a7 has high temperature, so that the temperature difference of the whole energy storage system is large, and the performance of the energy storage system is greatly reduced after a certain number of cycles.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides an air-cooled energy storage system, which distributes air flow at an air outlet of an air conditioner through a radiation type air duct, so that the amount of cold air distributed by each battery pack is uniform, and the temperature of each part of the energy storage system is kept uniform.

The technical aim of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an air-cooled energy storage system, includes the battery compartment, is equipped with the forced air cooling structure of battery cluster and battery cluster in the battery compartment, and the forced air cooling structure includes air conditioner and wind channel, the air conditioner sets up in battery cluster top, and the air outlet of air conditioner is located the top at battery cluster rear portion, and the inside wind channel that link up from top to bottom that is equipped with of battery cluster, form the side wind channel between battery cluster and the battery compartment wall, the air outlet of air conditioner links to each other with inside wind channel and side wind channel respectively through a plurality of branch wind channel that is radial, the front of battery cluster is equipped with a plurality of module air outlets, the air exhauster is installed to module air outlet department.

According to the utility model, the overhead air conditioner is adopted for temperature (refrigeration and heating) and humidity adjustment, and the air flow at the air outlet is distributed through the radiation type air duct, so that each battery pack is distributed to enough cooling medium, and the temperature of each part of the energy storage system is kept uniform. The selection of the exhaust fan should follow the principle that the air quantity of the fan positioned at the lower end of the battery compartment is slightly higher than that of the fan positioned at the upper end. The air channels from the air outlet of the air conditioner to the battery clusters are radial, so that the air channels are prevented from being suddenly enlarged or reduced. Preferably, the surface of the tunnel should be sufficiently smooth.

The width of the air inlets of the plurality of branch air channels is in direct proportion to the heating power of the battery cell in the corresponding area of each branch air channel.

The side face of the battery cluster is provided with a side face wind hole, and wind in the internal air duct and the side face wind duct can enter the battery cluster through the side face wind hole.

The exhaust fan and the front wall of the battery compartment form a certain included angle. The resistance loss during air pumping can be reduced, the depth dimension of the battery compartment can be reduced, and the whole energy storage system is compact in structure.

The battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery pack, a plurality of modules are arranged in each battery pack, the battery pack is arranged on a battery pack support, a beam air channel is formed in a beam of the support, the beam air channel is matched with the internal air channel up and down, and the integrity and the tightness of the internal air channel are guaranteed.

The battery pack is an integrated middle-sized battery pack. The waste of the structure and the electric parts caused by the excessive small-sized plug-in box type pack is reduced, and meanwhile, the condition increasing part of pack safety elements such as a pack built-in fire-fighting facility are also provided.

And an insulating layer is arranged on the shell of the battery compartment. And the heat convection between the external environment and the internal environment of the energy storage system is reduced. The thermal insulation layer should be of sufficient thickness to be selected based on the temperature difference between the extreme weather of the region where the energy storage system is used and the rated operating temperature of the battery cluster (typically 25 c) to reduce energy loss.

The air conditioner is an intelligent air conditioner and can be started and stopped automatically according to the humidity and the temperature in the battery compartment. Preferably, the air conditioner is an industrial air conditioner with high protection level, can adapt to wider environment temperature, and more preferably can adapt to the air conditioner at-40-50 ℃, so that the energy storage equipment can work in extreme weather, and the electricity safety is ensured.

The energy storage system also includes an electrical compartment including an inverter, electrical safety components on the dc side and on the grid-tie side, and a battery management system (BMU) therein.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the cabinet type air-cooled energy storage system provided by the utility model adopts the overhead air conditioner to regulate the temperature and the humidity, and distributes the air flow at the air outlet through the radiation type air duct, so that each battery pack is distributed to enough cooling medium;

2. according to the utility model, the radiation air duct air flow is distributed according to the total heating power of the battery pack in each area, so that the temperature difference of an air inlet of the pack can be controlled within 2 ℃, and the temperature difference inside the battery pack is controlled within 3 ℃ by combining with the design of the battery pack, so that the temperature difference of the whole energy storage system is finally controlled within 5 ℃;

3. the whole temperature difference of the energy storage system can be controlled in a very small range, so that the internal temperature of the energy storage system is kept to be high in consistency, the equipment has longer cycle life and good performance index, and high economic benefit return is provided for users. Moreover, the working temperature range of the energy storage system is large, so that certain extreme regions can enjoy benefits brought by the energy storage technology, the application market of energy storage products is expanded, and the energy storage system has market popularization advantages.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art conventional air-cooled battery cluster;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an air-cooled energy storage system;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of an air-cooled energy storage system;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack in an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a battery pack stand according to an embodiment

Wherein: a 1-front cabin, a 2-rear cabin, a 3-internal circulation air duct, a 4-fan, a 5-door air conditioner, a 6-battery cluster, a 7-air duct outlet, 0-electric cabin, 1-base, 2-heat insulation layer, 3-battery pack, 4-side air duct, 5-internal air duct, 6-exhaust fan, 7-radiation air duct, 8-cold flow, 9-air conditioner air outlet, 10-overhead air conditioner, 11-air conditioner return air duct, 12-return air duct, 13-pack side air hole, 14-warm flow, 15-air cooling baffle, 16-heat insulation plate, 17-pack top cover, 18-top cover air duct, 19-left module, 20-right module, 21-internal air hole, 22-C air plate, 23-beam air duct and 24-battery pack bracket.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the utility model is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As shown in fig. 2, the air-cooled energy storage system provided in this embodiment includes a cabinet-type electric cabin 0 and a battery cabin, the battery cabin is located on the right side of the electric cabin 0, and both the electric cabin 0 and the battery cabin are disposed on the base 1. And an inverter, an electric safety assembly at the direct current side and the grid-connected side, a battery management system (BMU) and other control systems are arranged in the electric cabin. The battery compartment is provided with a cabinet-type shell, the left side wall and the right side wall of the battery compartment shell are both provided with heat insulation layers 2, and the front wall and the rear wall of the battery compartment shell are assembled cabinet doors.

The overhead air conditioner 10 is arranged above the inside of the battery compartment, the air conditioner 10 is preferably an intelligent air conditioner, and the start and stop can be automatically carried out according to the humidity and the temperature in the battery compartment. The air outlet 9 of the overhead air conditioner 10 is located above the rear of the battery cluster (as shown in fig. 3). The inside of the battery cluster is provided with a plurality of internal air channels 5 which are vertically communicated, in the specific embodiment, the number of the internal air channels 5 is two, side air channels 4 are respectively formed between the battery cluster and the left side wall and the right side wall of the battery cabin, and the air outlet of the overhead air conditioner 10 is respectively connected with the two internal air channels 5 and the side air channels 4 through four radial branch air channels 7. An air return duct 12 is formed between the battery cluster and the front wall of the battery compartment, and the top end of the air return duct 12 corresponds to the air conditioner air return opening 11.

The width of the air inlet of each branch air duct is in direct proportion to the heating power of the battery cell in the corresponding area of each branch air duct, as shown in figure 2, P1/(P2+P2++P4/(p3+p3++a/b), such an air distribution enables each battery pack to be distributed to a sufficient cooling medium,

in this embodiment, the battery cluster includes 4 battery pack, and every battery pack is inside to set up a plurality of module, and 4 battery pack are placed on battery pack support 24 from top to bottom in proper order, have offered crossbeam wind channel 23 on the crossbeam of support 24 as shown in fig. 5, and crossbeam wind channel 23 cooperates from top to bottom with inside wind channel 5, guarantees the integrality and the leakproofness in inside wind channel 5. In this embodiment, the beam duct 23 is formed by two opposite C-shaped air plates 22.

The front of battery pack is equipped with a plurality of module air outlets, and air exhauster 6 is installed to every module air outlet department. In order to reduce the resistance loss during the air extraction and reduce the size of the battery compartment c, the whole energy storage system is compact in structure, and the exhaust fan 6 forms a certain included angle with the front wall of the battery compartment, and the included angle is shown as an angle r in fig. 3.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the top of the battery pack is provided with a top cover 17, and the top cover 17 is provided with a top cover wind tunnel 18. The side of the battery pack is provided with a plurality of side air holes 13, and the two sides of the internal air duct 5 in the battery pack are respectively provided with a plurality of internal air holes 21. The design of the air holes in the battery pack side face 13 and the battery pack side face 21 adopts finite elements to carry out fluid simulation so as to ensure the temperature consistency of the battery cells.

In this embodiment, the thermal insulation plate 16 is arranged around the die battery module, the thermal insulation plate 16 separates the battery core cooling surface from the electrode lugs, so that a pack internal air channel is formed, interference caused by cold flow movement is eliminated during module temperature collection, and accuracy of battery core temperature collected by the BMU is improved.

Taking refrigeration as an example, the temperature control working flow of the air-cooled energy storage system in this embodiment is as follows: cold flow 8 blown out by the overhead air conditioner 10 enters the radial branch air duct 7 through the air conditioner air outlet 9, cold flow of the branch air duct 7 respectively enters the side air duct 4 and the internal air duct 5, cold flow in the side air duct 4 and the internal air duct 5 enters the battery pack through the side air hole 13 of the battery pack, and then the end face of the battery cell is cooled according to curves f1 and f 2. The components of the left module 19 and the right module 20 are subjected to air cooling, the air cooling partition 15 enters other end surfaces of the interlayer cooling battery core in the middle of the modules, the air is finally pumped out by the 6 fans and discharged to the 12 return air duct, and finally the air is introduced into the 11 air conditioner return air duct, so that the circulation is completed.

It will be apparent that the foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present utility model, and it is not intended to limit the present utility model, and it is to be understood that the present utility model may be combined and modified in various other features, and that modifications, equivalents, and equivalent arrangements or methods of the present utility model can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and equivalents as fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an air-cooled energy storage system, includes the battery compartment, is equipped with battery cluster and the forced air cooling structure of battery cluster in the battery compartment, and the forced air cooling structure includes air conditioner and wind channel, its characterized in that: the air conditioner is arranged above the battery cluster, an air outlet of the air conditioner is arranged above the rear part of the battery cluster, a plurality of internal air channels which are communicated up and down are arranged inside the battery cluster, a side air channel is formed between the battery cluster and a battery cabin wall, the air outlet of the air conditioner is respectively connected with the internal air channel and the side air channel through a plurality of radial branch air channels, a plurality of module air outlets are arranged in front of the battery cluster, and an exhaust fan is arranged at the module air outlet.

2. An air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the air inlets of the plurality of branch air channels is in direct proportion to the heating power of the battery cell in the corresponding area of each branch air channel.

3. An air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: the side face of the battery cluster is provided with a side face wind hole, and wind in the internal air duct and the side face wind duct can enter the battery cluster through the side face wind hole.

4. An air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: the exhaust fan and the front wall of the battery compartment form a certain included angle.

5. An air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: the battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery pack, a plurality of modules are arranged in each battery pack, the battery pack is arranged on a battery pack support, a beam air channel is formed in a beam of the support, the beam air channel is matched with the internal air channel up and down, and the integrity and the tightness of the internal air channel are guaranteed.

6. An air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein: the battery pack is an integrated middle-sized battery pack.

7. An air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: and an insulating layer is arranged on the shell of the battery compartment.

8. An air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: the air conditioner is an intelligent air conditioner and can be started and stopped automatically according to the humidity and the temperature in the battery compartment.

9. An air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: the energy storage system further comprises an electric cabin, wherein the electric cabin comprises an inverter, an electric safety component on a direct current side and a grid-connected side and a battery management system.