CN219029117U - Electric drive assembly heat radiation structure and electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat dissipation structure of an electric drive assembly, which comprises the electric drive assembly and a radiator arranged outside the electric drive assembly, wherein an oil conveying oil way for cooling oil circulation is formed inside the electric drive assembly, the oil conveying oil way is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, and the radiator is respectively communicated with the oil inlet and the oil outlet to form an external heat dissipation oil way; an oil guide oil way is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, the oil guide oil way is communicated with the oil conveying oil way to form an internal circulating oil way, and an oil way switching component for switching and circulating cooling oil between the internal circulating oil way and an external heat dissipation oil way is arranged between the internal circulating oil way and the external heat dissipation oil way. The electric automobile provided with the electric drive assembly heat dissipation structure is also disclosed. The utility model can switch the circulating oil way of the cooling oil according to the change of the external environment temperature, and ensures the lubricating performance and the cooling performance of the cooling oil.

Description

Electric drive assembly heat radiation structure and electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to a heat dissipation structure of an electric drive assembly and an electric automobile.

Background

More and more vehicle enterprises push out oil-electricity hybrid power, plug-in hybrid power, range-extending power and pure electric vehicles. In order to increase the power density and reduce the weight and volume of the whole electric vehicle, the driving system in the electric vehicle is developed towards integration. In the related art, a driving motor, a speed reducer and a motor controller are generally integrated together to form a three-in-one electric drive assembly, and some manufacturers integrate the driving motor, the speed reducer, the integration MCU, DCDC, DCAC and the like together to form an all-in-one electric drive assembly.

The electric drive assembly is internally provided with a large number of power devices, such as a motor controller having a large number of IGBTs and diodes, a stator and a rotor of a drive motor, etc., which generate a large amount of heat during operation. The electric drive assembly therefore requires the provision of a heat dissipating structure. The existing heat dissipation structure generally adopts two schemes of water cooling and oil cooling, the water cooling heat dissipation structure is to manufacture a cooling channel through which water flows on an outer shell of the electric drive assembly, and heat is taken away through water flow, and the water cooling heat dissipation structure cannot be directly contacted with a heat source, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is lower. The oil cooling heat dissipation structure directly infiltrates motor heating components such as a stator and a rotor by using insulating cooling oil, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is higher, and meanwhile, the cooling oil can also be directly used as lubricating oil. Therefore, most manufacturers select an oil-cooled heat dissipation structure, but the oil-cooled heat dissipation structure has the following problems: as described above, the cooling oil can be used as lubricating oil, the lubricating performance of which is greatly affected by temperature, and oxidation and degradation of grease can be caused when the temperature exceeds 90 ℃ to affect the service life of the lubricating oil; and when the temperature is too low, the viscosity of grease is reduced, and the lubrication effect is greatly reduced. Thus, when an oil-cooled heat sink structure is used, either too high or too low a temperature of the cooling oil can have a negative effect. The cooling structure can prevent the cooling oil from being too high in temperature, but is influenced by regions or seasons, when the electric automobile is in a colder environment, the temperature of the cooling oil is lower, the lubrication effect of the cooling oil is influenced, and the transmission efficiency of the speed reducer in the electric drive assembly is further influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a heat dissipation structure of an electric drive assembly and an electric automobile, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, the lubrication effect is poor and the transmission efficiency of a speed reducer is influenced due to low temperature of cooling oil.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the heat dissipation structure of the electric drive assembly comprises the electric drive assembly and a radiator arranged outside the electric drive assembly, wherein an oil conveying oil way for cooling oil circulation is formed inside the electric drive assembly, the oil conveying oil way is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, and the radiator is respectively communicated with the oil inlet and the oil outlet to form an external heat dissipation oil way; an oil guide oil way is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, the oil guide oil way is communicated with the oil conveying oil way to form an internal circulating oil way, and an oil way switching component for switching and circulating cooling oil between the internal circulating oil way and an external heat dissipation oil way is arranged between the internal circulating oil way and the external heat dissipation oil way.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects: through setting up the oil circuit that leads between oil inlet and oil-out, utilize oil circuit that leads to communicate with the oil circuit that leads to form the internal circulation oil circuit, when cooling oil flows along the internal circulation oil circuit circulation, just need not to dispel the heat through the radiator. Therefore, when the external environment temperature is lower, the temperature of the cooling oil is lower and the lubricating performance is poorer in the starting stage of the electric automobile, the cooling oil can be switched to flow along the internal circulation oil way through the oil way switching component, so that the cooling oil can absorb heat of an internal heat source of the electric drive assembly, meanwhile, the cooling oil does not need to radiate heat to the outside through a radiator, and the temperature of the cooling oil can be quickly increased to be increased to a proper temperature for enabling the cooling oil to have good lubricating performance. And when the cooling oil temperature is high, the cooling oil can be switched by the oil passage switching member to radiate heat along the external heat radiation oil passage.

Preferably, the oil passage switching member is a three-way electromagnetic valve. The three-way electromagnetic valve is accurate in control opening and closing degree and convenient to collect and buy.

Preferably, the heat radiation structure further includes a controller, and the oil passage switching member is controlled to operate by the controller.

Preferably, the heat dissipation structure further comprises a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, wherein the first temperature sensor is used for monitoring the ambient temperature of the electric drive assembly, and the second temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of cooling oil; the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are both connected with the controller and send corresponding temperature data to the controller, an environment temperature threshold value and a first cooling oil temperature threshold value are arranged in the controller, and when the ambient temperature is lower than the environment temperature threshold value and the cooling oil temperature is lower than the first cooling oil temperature threshold value, the controller controls the oil circuit switching component to conduct an internal circulating oil circuit.

Preferably, the ambient temperature threshold is a selected value between 5 ℃ and 10 ℃, and the first cooling oil temperature threshold is a selected value between 30 ℃ and 50 ℃.

Preferably, the heat dissipation structure further comprises a heat dissipation fan for dissipating heat of the radiator, and the heat dissipation fan is connected with the controller and started and stopped under the control of the controller.

Preferably, a second cooling oil temperature threshold is further arranged in the controller, and the controller controls the cooling fan to start when the cooling oil temperature reaches the second cooling oil temperature threshold.

Preferably, the second cooling oil temperature threshold is a selected value between 60 ℃ and 70 ℃.

Preferably, the heat sink is strip-shaped and is provided with heat dissipation grooves or heat dissipation protrusions along its length direction for increasing its heat dissipation surface area.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model also adopts the following technical scheme: an electric vehicle comprising the electric drive assembly heat dissipation structure as set forth in any one of the above technical solutions.

Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipating structure of an electric drive assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electric drive assembly heat dissipating structure in an embodiment;

fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion a in fig. 2.

The electric motor comprises a motor, a motor controller, a speed reducer, an oil outlet pipe, a radiator, a heat dissipation groove, an external heat dissipation oil circuit, an internal circulation oil circuit, a three-way electromagnetic valve, a controller, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and a heat dissipation fan.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

Embodiments of the present utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Examples: the present embodiment provides an electric drive assembly heat dissipation structure, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, which includes an electric drive assembly 1 and a heat sink 2 disposed outside the electric drive assembly 1, and is applied to an electric vehicle, and is generally installed in a front cabin of the electric vehicle. In particular, in the present embodiment, the electric drive assembly 1 is formed by integrating the drive motor 10, the speed reducer 12 and the motor controller 11, and in other embodiments, other functional units may be integrated into the electric drive assembly 1. In this embodiment, an oil delivery path through which cooling oil flows is formed inside the electric drive assembly 1, and the cooling oil can flow in the oil delivery path to take away heat generated by a heat source inside the electric drive assembly 1, so as to prevent the heat inside the electric drive assembly 1 from accumulating and causing excessive temperature rise. The oil delivery oil way is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, and the radiator 2 is respectively communicated with the oil inlet and the oil outlet to form an external heat dissipation oil way 3. In addition, an oil guide oil passage is provided between the oil inlet and the oil outlet in the present embodiment, the oil guide oil passage communicates with the oil delivery oil passage to form an internal circulation oil passage 4, and an oil passage switching member for switching the circulation of cooling oil therebetween is provided between the internal circulation oil passage 4 and the external heat radiation oil passage 3. In particular, in the present embodiment, the oil passage switching member is a three-way electromagnetic valve 5, and it is understood that other three-way pipe structures, for example, which can be controlled to open and close, may be used as the oil passage switching member.

According to the electric drive assembly heat dissipation structure, the oil guide oil way is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, the oil guide oil way is communicated with the oil conveying oil way to form the internal circulation oil way 4, and when cooling oil circularly flows along the internal circulation oil way 4, heat is not required to be dissipated through the radiator 2. Thus, when the external environment temperature is low, the temperature of the cooling oil is low and the lubricating performance is poor in the starting stage of the electric automobile, the cooling oil can be switched to flow along the internal circulation oil path 4 through the oil path switching component, and thus the cooling oil can absorb the heat of the internal heat source of the electric drive assembly 1, meanwhile, the cooling oil can be quickly warmed up to a proper temperature for enabling the cooling oil to have good lubricating performance without radiating the heat to the outside through the radiator 2. When the cooling oil temperature is high, the cooling oil may be switched by the oil passage switching member to radiate heat along the external heat radiation oil passage 3.

Further, the heat dissipation structure of the electric drive assembly provided in this embodiment further includes a controller 6, and the oil passage switching member is controlled to operate by the controller 6. Specifically, the controller 6 is connected to a first temperature sensor 7 and a second temperature sensor 8. The first temperature sensor 7 is used for monitoring the ambient temperature of the electric drive assembly 1, and the first temperature sensor 7 sends the monitored ambient temperature data to the controller 6; the second temperature sensor 8 is configured to monitor the temperature of the cooling oil, and the second temperature sensor 8 sends the monitored cooling oil temperature data to the controller 6. Accordingly, an ambient temperature threshold and a first cooling oil temperature threshold are provided in the controller 6, and when the ambient temperature is lower than the ambient temperature threshold and the cooling oil temperature is lower than the first ambient temperature threshold, the controller 6 controls the oil passage switching member to conduct the internal circulation oil passage 4. The ambient temperature threshold in this example was 5 deg.c and the first cooling oil temperature threshold was 40 deg.c. That is, when the electric vehicle mounted with the heat dissipation structure of the electric drive assembly is in a driving process, if the first temperature sensor 7 monitors that the ambient temperature is lower than 5 ℃ and the second temperature sensor 8 monitors that the temperature of the cooling oil is lower than 40 ℃, the controller 6 controls the three-way electromagnetic valve 5 to switch the internal passage so that the cooling oil circularly flows along the internal circulation oil passage 4. The cooling oil absorbs heat generated by the heat source in the electric drive assembly 1 in the circulating flow process, and can be quickly warmed up, so that the cooling oil is in a state with good lubricating effect. When the first temperature sensor 7 detects that the ambient temperature reaches 5 ℃ or the second temperature sensor 8 detects that the temperature of the cooling oil reaches 40 ℃, the controller 6 controls the three-way electromagnetic valve 5 to switch the internal channel so that the cooling oil circularly flows along the external cooling oil path, and heat absorbed by the cooling oil from the inside of the electric drive assembly 1 is timely dissipated through the radiator 2. It will be appreciated that the ambient temperature threshold can be adjusted according to the vehicle conditions and the region or season in which it is located, and that the ambient temperature threshold can be a selected value between 5 ℃ and 10 ℃ and the first cooling oil temperature threshold can be a selected value between 30 ℃ and 50 ℃.

In addition, in the present embodiment, since it is necessary to increase the heat radiation efficiency of the cooling oil in consideration of the fact that the temperature of the cooling oil is too high, the heat radiation fan 9 is also provided for the radiator 2. The controller 6 is also provided with a second cooling oil temperature threshold, and the controller 6 controls the cooling fan 9 to be started when the cooling oil temperature reaches the second cooling oil temperature threshold. Specifically, in this embodiment, the second cooling oil temperature threshold is 65 ℃, that is, when the second temperature sensor 8 detects that the temperature of the cooling oil reaches 65 ℃, the controller 6 controls the cooling fan 9 to start, so as to accelerate heat dissipation of the radiator 2, and make the cooling oil rapidly cool. It will be appreciated that the ambient temperature threshold can be adjusted depending on the vehicle condition and the region or season in which the second cooling oil temperature threshold may be a selected value between 60 c and 70 c.

As shown in fig. 3, the heat sink 2 has a long strip shape, and is provided with heat dissipation grooves 20 along its own length direction, and the heat dissipation grooves 20 are provided in parallel and at intervals in plural. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, heat dissipating protrusions may be provided. The heat dissipation grooves 20 or the heat dissipation protrusions are provided to increase the surface area of the heat sink 2, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area of the heat sink 2 to the external environment. In addition, a certain interval is provided between the radiator 2 and the electric drive assembly 1 in this embodiment, specifically, the interval is 4mm in this embodiment. As described above, the heat dissipation structure of the electric drive assembly is generally installed in the front cabin of the electric vehicle, and when the set interval is larger, the external oil cooler can be closer to the front end, so that the radiator 2 can be better subjected to air cooling in the running process of the electric vehicle, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved; when the set interval is smaller, the whole volume of the heat dissipation structure of the electric drive assembly can be reduced, and the occupied space is reduced. Thus, it will be readily appreciated that the spacing between the radiator 2 and the electric drive assembly 1 may be suitably adjusted, typically to a selected value of between 2mm and 30mm, depending on the type of vehicle and the heat dissipation requirements. In this embodiment, the radiator 2 is spaced from the electric drive assembly 1 by mounting an oil inlet pipe (not shown) and an oil outlet pipe 13 on the oil inlet and outlet.

In summary, the working process of the heat dissipation structure of the electric drive assembly provided in this embodiment is described as follows:

when the first temperature sensor 7 detects that the ambient temperature is lower than 5 ℃ and the second temperature sensor 8 detects that the temperature of the cooling oil is lower than 40 ℃, the controller 6 controls the three-way electromagnetic valve 5 to switch the internal channel so that the cooling oil circularly flows along the internal circulation oil path 4. Thus, at a lower temperature, the cooling oil can be quickly heated to a proper temperature, so that the cooling oil has a good lubricating effect, and the transmission efficiency of the speed reducer 12 is improved.

When the first temperature sensor 7 detects that the ambient temperature reaches 5 ℃ or the second temperature sensor 8 detects that the temperature of the cooling oil reaches 40 ℃, the controller 6 controls the three-way electromagnetic valve 5 to switch the internal channel to be opened or closed, so that the cooling oil circularly flows along the external cooling oil path. In this way, under the condition that the cooling oil has a better lubricating effect, in order to avoid excessively rapid temperature rise caused by heat accumulation in the electric drive assembly 1, the heat can be taken away by the cooling oil and dissipated to the external environment through the radiator 2.

When the second temperature sensor 8 detects that the temperature of the cooling oil reaches 65 ℃, the controller 6 controls the cooling fan 9 to be started. Therefore, the cooling fan 9 can accelerate the heat dissipation of the cooling oil, and the phenomenon that the performance of the cooling oil is affected due to adhesion caused by the fact that the temperature of the cooling oil is too high is avoided.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise in the examples, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" as used in the examples should be interpreted broadly, e.g., the connection may be a fixed connection, may be a removable connection, or may be integral, and it may be understood that the connection may also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, etc.; of course, it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be in communication with each other, or in interaction with each other. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific embodiments.

While embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The heat dissipation structure of the electric drive assembly comprises the electric drive assembly (1) and a radiator (2) arranged outside the electric drive assembly (1), wherein an oil conveying oil way for cooling oil circulation is formed inside the electric drive assembly (1), the oil conveying oil way is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, and the radiator (2) is respectively communicated with the oil inlet and the oil outlet to form an external heat dissipation oil way (3);

the cooling oil supply device is characterized in that an oil guide oil way is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, the oil guide oil way is communicated with the oil conveying oil way to form an internal circulating oil way (4), and an oil way switching component for switching cooling oil to circulate between the internal circulating oil way (4) and the external heat dissipation oil way (3) is arranged between the internal circulating oil way and the external heat dissipation oil way.

2. An electric drive assembly heat radiation structure according to claim 1, wherein the oil passage switching member is a three-way electromagnetic valve (5).

3. An electric drive assembly heat dissipating structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a controller (6), wherein the oil passage switching member is operated under the control of the controller (6).

4. A heat dissipating structure for an electric drive assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that the heat dissipating structure further comprises a first temperature sensor (7) and a second temperature sensor (8), the first temperature sensor (7) being adapted to monitor the ambient temperature of the electric drive assembly (1), the second temperature sensor (8) being adapted to monitor the cooling oil temperature;

the first temperature sensor (7) and the second temperature sensor (8) are both connected with the controller (6) and send corresponding temperature data to the controller (6), an environment temperature threshold value and a first cooling oil temperature threshold value are arranged in the controller (6), and when the ambient temperature is lower than the environment temperature threshold value and the cooling oil temperature is lower than the first cooling oil temperature threshold value, the controller (6) controls the oil circuit switching component to conduct the internal circulation oil circuit (4).

5. The electric drive assembly heat dissipating structure of claim 4, wherein the ambient temperature threshold is a selected value between 5 ℃ and 10 ℃ and the first cooling oil temperature threshold is a selected value between 30 ℃ and 50 ℃.

6. The heat dissipating structure of an electric drive assembly according to claim 4, further comprising a heat dissipating fan (9) for dissipating heat from the heat sink (2), said heat dissipating fan (9) being connected to the controller (6) and being activated and deactivated under control of the controller (6).

7. The electric drive assembly heat dissipating structure according to claim 6, wherein a second cooling oil temperature threshold is further provided inside the controller (6), and the controller (6) controls the heat dissipating fan (9) to be started when the cooling oil temperature reaches the second cooling oil temperature threshold.

8. The electric drive assembly heat dissipating structure of claim 7, wherein said second cooling oil temperature threshold is a selected value between 60 ℃ and 70 ℃.

9. The heat dissipating structure of an electric drive assembly according to claim 1, wherein the heat sink (2) is elongated and provided with heat dissipating grooves (20) or heat dissipating protrusions along its length for increasing its heat dissipating surface area.

10. An electric vehicle comprising the electric drive assembly heat dissipation structure as recited in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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