CN219019408U

CN219019408U - Air conditioning unit and data center

Info

Publication number: CN219019408U
Application number: CN202223358032.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林志勇; 吴天青; 易平; 贺光源
Original assignee: Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-12
Filing date: 2022-12-12
Publication date: 2023-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-12

Abstract

The disclosure provides an air conditioning unit and a data center, and relates to the technical field of data centers. The air conditioning unit includes: an indirect evaporation module and a mechanical refrigeration module; the indirect evaporation module comprises an air-air heat exchange core body and a spraying system; the air-to-air heat exchange core body comprises a first air channel and a second air channel, wherein the first air channel is used for indoor air circulation, the second air channel is used for outdoor air circulation, and the indoor air and the outdoor air exchange heat; the spraying system comprises a first nozzle assembly and a second nozzle assembly, the first nozzle assembly corresponds to the second air channel, and the first nozzle assembly is used for spraying to the second air channel; the mechanical refrigeration module comprises a condenser; the condenser corresponds to an outlet of the second air passage, through which the outdoor air flows; the second nozzle assembly corresponds to the condenser and is used for spraying the condenser. The air conditioning unit disclosed by the disclosure uses mechanical refrigeration under the condition of outdoor high temperature in summer, so that the refrigeration requirement of a data center is met.

Description

Air conditioning unit and data center

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of data centers, and in particular relates to an air conditioning unit and a data center.

Background

An indirect evaporative cooling unit AHU (box type air conditioner) with an 'outdoor air and indoor circulating air heat exchange core (air-air heat exchange core for short)' is one of large-sized modular air conditioner refrigerating units mainly used in a data center at present.

However, the indirect evaporative cooling unit in the prior art has higher energy efficiency ratio only in a scene with larger indoor and outdoor temperature difference (such as winter), and can not meet the refrigeration requirement of a data center for a scene with smaller indoor and outdoor temperature difference (such as summer).

Disclosure of Invention

The disclosure provides an air conditioning unit and a data center, which can solve the problem that an indirect evaporative cooling unit in the related art cannot meet the refrigeration requirement of the data center.

The technical scheme is as follows:

in one aspect, an air conditioning unit is provided, the air conditioning unit including: an indirect evaporation module and a mechanical refrigeration module;

the indirect evaporation module comprises an air-air heat exchange core body and a spraying system;

the air-to-air heat exchange core comprises a first air channel and a second air channel, wherein the first air channel is used for indoor air circulation, the second air channel is used for outdoor air circulation, and the indoor air and the outdoor air exchange heat;

the spray system comprises a first nozzle assembly and a second nozzle assembly, wherein the first nozzle assembly corresponds to the second air passage, and the first nozzle assembly is used for spraying to the second air passage;

the mechanical refrigeration module comprises a condenser;

the condenser corresponds to an outlet of the second air passage, through which the outdoor air flows; the second nozzle assembly corresponds to the condenser, and is used for spraying the condenser.

On the other hand, a data center is provided, and the air conditioning unit disclosed by the disclosure is adopted.

The beneficial effects that this disclosure provided technical scheme brought include at least:

according to the air conditioning unit, the indirect evaporation of the air-to-air heat exchange core body can be used for more natural cooling when the outdoor environment temperature is low, so that the annual average refrigeration load system is reduced; and the evaporation condensation is used under the condition of outdoor high temperature in summer, so that the condensation temperature of the compressor is reduced to the greatest extent, the power consumption of mechanical refrigeration is reduced, the peak PUE in summer is reduced, and more IT output is realized under the condition of the same external commercial power and infrastructure investment.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air conditioning unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Reference numerals in the drawings are respectively expressed as:

11. an air-to-air heat exchange core;

111. a first air passage; 112. a second air passage; 113. a second fan;

121. a first nozzle assembly; 122. a second nozzle assembly; 123. a water storage tank; 124. a water pump; 1251. a water supplementing pipe; 1252. a water supplementing valve; 1261. a drain pipe; 1262. a drain valve;

21. a condenser; 22. a compressor; 23. an evaporator; 24. a first fan.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the accompanying claims.

In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in fig. 1 are merely for convenience in describing the present disclosure and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

Indirect evaporative cooling: the indirect evaporative cooling refers to a process of transferring cold energy of wet air (secondary air) obtained by direct evaporative cooling to air to be treated (primary air) through a non-direct contact heat exchanger to realize equal wet cooling of the air.

Air-to-air heat exchange core: the core device of the air heat exchanger is a heat exchange component, and the indoor circulating air and the outdoor fresh air can exchange temperature through the heat exchange component, so that when the air heat exchanger runs in winter, the indoor return air obtains cold energy from the outdoor inlet air through the heat exchange core body because the outdoor inlet air temperature is lower than the indoor return air temperature, the temperature is reduced, and the natural cooling effect is obtained.

Dry working conditions: and under one working condition in the natural cooling mode, the secondary side air is directly subjected to heat exchange with the primary side air through the air-to-air heat exchanger without spray humidification treatment.

Wet conditions: and under one working condition in the natural cooling mode, after the secondary side air is subjected to spray humidification treatment, the heat exchange between the secondary side air and the primary side air is realized through the air-air heat exchanger.

Mixing conditions: when the natural cooling mode can not fully meet the refrigeration requirement of the indirect evaporative cooling unit, the compressor is started to supplement partial refrigeration, and the natural cooling and the compressor refrigeration jointly bear the refrigeration requirement of the indirect evaporative cooling unit in the mode.

PUE: power Usage Effectiveness is an index for evaluating the energy efficiency of a data center, and is the ratio of all energy consumed by the data center to the energy consumed by IT loads. PUE = data center total energy consumption/IT equipment energy consumption, wherein the data center total energy consumption includes IT equipment energy consumption and energy consumption of refrigeration, power distribution and other systems, and the value is greater than 1, and the closer to 1, the lower the non-IT equipment energy consumption is, the better the energy efficiency level is.

CLF: cooling Load Factor, abbreviated as refrigeration load factor, CLF is defined as the ratio of refrigeration equipment power consumption to IT equipment power consumption in a data center, the smaller the value, the better the energy efficiency level.

COP: refrigeration conversion efficiency, i.e. energy efficiency ratio, COP = capacity/power consumption. The higher COP indicates a larger capacity for cooling and heating with less power consumption.

For the purposes of clarity, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure, the following further details the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In one aspect, referring to fig. 1, this embodiment provides an air conditioning unit, including: an indirect evaporation module and a mechanical refrigeration module.

The indirect evaporation module comprises an air-air heat exchange core 11 and a spraying system.

The air-to-air heat exchange core 11 includes a first air passage 111 for indoor air circulation and a second air passage 112 for outdoor air circulation, the indoor air and the outdoor air exchanging heat.

The spray system includes a first nozzle assembly 121 and a second nozzle assembly 122, the first nozzle assembly 121 corresponding to the second air passage 112, the first nozzle assembly 121 for spraying toward the second air passage 112.

The mechanical refrigeration module comprises a condenser 21; the condenser 21 corresponds to an outlet of the second air passage 112, and the outdoor air flows through the condenser 21; the second nozzle assembly 122 corresponds to the condenser 21, and the second nozzle assembly 122 is used to spray the condenser 21.

The air conditioning unit of the embodiment can use natural cooling more when the outdoor environment temperature is low by using the indirect evaporation of the air-to-air heat exchange core 11, so that the annual refrigeration load system is reduced; and the evaporative condensation is used under the condition of outdoor high temperature in summer, so that the condensation temperature of the compressor 22 is reduced to the greatest extent, the power consumption of mechanical refrigeration is reduced, the peak PUE in summer is reduced, and more IT output is realized under the condition of the same external commercial power and infrastructure investment.

The spray system is provided with two nozzle assemblies, wherein the first nozzle assembly 121 corresponds to the air-to-air heat exchange core 11, and the second nozzle assembly 122 corresponds to the condenser 21. The second nozzle assembly 122 sprays water to the condenser 21 to dissipate heat, and the sprayed water passes through the condenser 21 and is mixed with the water sprayed by the first nozzle assembly 121 to be continuously sprayed to the air-to-air heat exchange core 11.

Because the rated refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating unit is fixed, the refrigerating capacity can be automatically distributed and controlled between mechanical refrigeration and natural cooling of the air-to-air heat exchange core 11 under different environmental conditions. In the high temperature in summer, the mechanical refrigeration accounts for a larger proportion in the refrigerating capacity of the unit, more evaporation and heat absorption of spray water occur at the condenser 21 end, and less indirect evaporation and heat absorption of the air-to-air heat exchange core 11. Conversely, when the ambient temperature is in the medium temperature range (e.g. 18-26 ℃), the natural cooling duty cycle of the unit is greater and more heat dissipation occurs on the air-to-air heat exchange core 11.

The design and material selection of the condenser 21 in some possible implementations must take into account several possible ways. One is to use a tube and fin heat exchanger coated with an anti-corrosion coating, the tube and fin condenser 21 can be reduced in size due to the larger fin heat exchange area, and can support short-term operation in the event of a water break. However, the design has high requirements on the process and material selection of the anti-corrosion coating.

The other is to use stainless steel or copper light pipes, spray water is directly sprayed on the pipe row to evaporate and absorb heat, and the volume is larger than that of the pipe fins due to the absence of fins, so that the heat dissipation effect of the condenser 21 is poor in the water-break accident. But the risk of structures on the light pipe is lower due to the use of the light pipe and the larger water flow.

In some possible implementations, in the air conditioning unit of this embodiment, when the indoor air is higher than the outdoor air and the temperature difference is large, for example, when the air conditioning unit is in winter, the indirect evaporation module is started to cool the indoor air.

Specifically, the indoor air flows through the air-to-air heat exchange core 11 through the first air passage 111, the outdoor air flows through the air-to-air heat exchange core 11 through the second air passage 112, the outdoor air exchanges heat with the indoor air in the air-to-air heat exchange core 11, and the outdoor air absorbs heat in the indoor air, so that the temperature of the indoor air is lowered.

Further, the first nozzle assembly 121 is started to spray the second air channel 112, and the sprayed water evaporates and absorbs heat in the second air channel 112, so that heat in indoor air is further absorbed, and heat exchange capacity is improved, and efficient heat exchange is achieved.

When the indoor air is higher than the outdoor air, but the temperature difference is smaller, for example, in summer and autumn, the indirect evaporation module and the mechanical refrigeration module are started simultaneously to cool the indoor air.

Specifically, the indoor air is subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction through the hole-hole heat exchange core body and the outdoor air, and then is further subjected to temperature reduction through the evaporator 23, so that the indoor air supply requirement is met.

Further, the first nozzle assembly 121 is started to further absorb heat in indoor air, and the second nozzle assembly 122 is started to improve heat dissipation efficiency of the condenser 21 and refrigeration efficiency of the mechanical refrigeration module.

When the indoor air is lower than the outdoor air, for example, in summer, the mechanical refrigeration module is started to cool the indoor air.

Specifically, the indoor air flows through the evaporator 23 to achieve a cooling effect.

In other possible implementations, the two air flows of the air-to-air heat exchange core 11 flow in two directions, i.e., convection and cross flow.

Illustratively, the first air passage 111 and the second air passage 112 are arranged to intersect, and the two air flows enter the air-to-air heat exchange core 11 in a direction of more than 0 and less than 90 degrees, and after heat exchange is completed, then leave the air-to-air heat exchange core 11.

Preferably, the first air passage 111 and the second air passage 112 are arranged at 90 degree intersections.

In other possible implementations, the first nozzle assembly 121 and the second nozzle assembly 122 each include a plurality of spray heads that are capable of effecting a spray on both the condenser 21 and the air-to-air heat exchange core 11 surfaces.

As shown in connection with fig. 1, in some embodiments, the first nozzle assembly 121 corresponds to the outlet of the second air passage 112, and the first nozzle assembly 121, the condenser 21, and the second nozzle assembly 122 are sequentially arranged in a direction away from the outlet of the second air passage 112.

The first nozzle assembly 121, the condenser 21 and the second nozzle assembly 122 are sequentially arranged along the direction far away from the outlet of the second air channel 112, the spray water sprayed by the first nozzle assembly 121 firstly evaporates and absorbs heat on the condenser 21, and then is sprayed on the air-air heat exchange core 11 together with the spray water of the second nozzle assembly 122, so that the maximum utilization of the spray water is realized.

In some embodiments, as shown in connection with fig. 1, the indirect evaporation module further comprises a second fan 113, the second fan 113 being located at a side of the condenser 21 remote from the outlet of the second air passage 112.

The second fan 113 is used for generating power for circulating the outdoor air along the second air channel 112, so that the flow of the outdoor air is improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the indoor air and the outdoor air in the air conditioning unit is improved.

The air-to-air heat exchange core 11 and the condenser 21 are driven by a second fan 113, so that the utilization rate of parts of the air conditioning unit is improved, and the volume of the air conditioning unit is reduced.

As shown in connection with fig. 1, in some embodiments, the spray system further comprises a water reservoir 123, a water pump 124; the water storage tank 123 is connected to an inlet of the water pump 124, and an outlet of the water pump 124 is connected to the first nozzle assembly 121 and the second nozzle assembly 122, respectively.

By utilizing the water storage tank 123 and the water pump 124, stable and reliable spraying water supply of the first nozzle assembly 121 and the second nozzle assembly 122 is realized, and the working reliability of the air conditioning unit is ensured.

In some embodiments, as shown in connection with fig. 1, the first nozzle assembly 121 and the second nozzle assembly 122 are respectively located above the air-to-air heat exchange core 11, and the water storage tank 123 is located below the air-to-air heat exchange core 11.

In this embodiment, the nozzle assembly and the water storage tank 123 are respectively disposed above and below the air-air heat exchange core 11, so that the non-evaporated spray water sprayed from the nozzle assembly can drop into the water storage tank 123 under the action of gravity, thereby realizing the cyclic utilization of the spray water and improving the cyclic utilization efficiency of the spray water.

As shown in connection with fig. 1, in some embodiments, the spray system further comprises a water refill assembly; the water replenishing assembly comprises a water replenishing pipe 1251 and a water replenishing valve 1252, wherein the water replenishing pipe 1251 is connected with the water storage tank 123, and the water replenishing valve 1252 is positioned on the water replenishing pipe 1251 and used for controlling on-off of the water replenishing pipe 1251.

The water supplementing assembly is utilized to timely supplement spray water according to the water quantity in the spraying system, so that the water consumption of the spraying system is ensured.

As shown in connection with fig. 1, in some embodiments, the spray system further comprises a drain assembly; the drain assembly comprises a drain pipe 1261 and a drain valve 1262, wherein the drain pipe 1261 is connected with the water storage tank 123, and the drain valve 1262 is positioned on the drain pipe 1261 and used for controlling the on-off of the drain pipe 1261.

And by utilizing the drainage assembly, spray water in the spraying system can be discharged, so that the spraying system is cleaned and maintained, and the reliability of the spraying system is ensured.

As shown in connection with fig. 1, in some embodiments, the mechanical refrigeration module further includes a compressor 22 and an evaporator 23; the outlet of the compressor 22 is connected with a condenser 21, the condenser 21 is connected with an evaporator 23, and the evaporator 23 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 22; the evaporator 23 corresponds to an outlet of the first air passage 111, and the indoor air flows through the evaporator 23.

An expansion valve is also illustratively provided between the condenser 21 and the evaporator 23.

When the mechanical refrigeration module of this embodiment works, the compressor 22 compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and sends the gas to the condenser 21 for cooling, the gas is cooled to become a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, the medium-temperature liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the expansion valve to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture, the gas is vaporized by absorbing heat in the air by the evaporator 23, and the gas becomes a gas, and then returns to the compressor 22 for continuous compression and continuous circulation for refrigeration.

As shown in connection with fig. 1, in some embodiments, the mechanical refrigeration module further includes a first fan located on a side of the evaporator 23 remote from the outlet of the first air passage 111.

The first fan is used for generating power for circulating indoor air along the first air channel 111, so that the flow of the indoor air is improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the indoor air and the outdoor air in the air conditioning unit is improved.

The air-to-air heat exchange core 11 and the evaporator 23 are driven by a first fan, so that the utilization rate of parts of the air conditioning unit is improved, and the volume of the air conditioning unit is reduced.

As shown in connection with fig. 1, in some embodiments, the first air passage 111 is arranged in the air-to-air heat exchange core 11 in a horizontal direction, and the second air passage 112 is arranged in the air-to-air heat exchange core 11 in a vertical direction. Therefore, on one hand, the spray water can conveniently pass through the second air channel 112 from top to bottom, and on the other hand, the hole heat exchange core is conveniently arranged, so that the assembly difficulty of the air conditioning unit is reduced.

On the other hand, the embodiment provides a data center, and the air conditioning unit adopting the data center.

The data center of the embodiment adopts the air conditioning unit disclosed by the disclosure, and has all the beneficial technical effects of all the embodiments.

In other possible implementations, the data center further includes at least one server.

The server may be an independent physical server, a server cluster or a distributed system formed by a plurality of physical servers, or a cloud server providing cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDNs, basic cloud computing services such as big data and artificial intelligent platforms. The terminal may be, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a desktop computer, a smart speaker, a smart watch, etc. The terminal and the server may be directly or indirectly connected through wired or wireless communication, and the disclosure is not limited herein.

It should be noted that, furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "certain embodiments," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an exemplary embodiment," "an example," "a particular example," or "some examples" means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure.

The foregoing description of the embodiments of the present disclosure is not intended to limit the present disclosure, but rather, any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the principles of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An air conditioning unit, the air conditioning unit comprising: an indirect evaporation module and a mechanical refrigeration module;

the indirect evaporation module comprises an air-air heat exchange core body (11) and a spraying system;

the air-air heat exchange core body (11) comprises a first air channel (111) and a second air channel (112), wherein the first air channel (111) is used for indoor air circulation, the second air channel (112) is used for outdoor air circulation, and the indoor air and the outdoor air exchange heat;

the spray system comprises a first nozzle assembly (121) and a second nozzle assembly (122), the first nozzle assembly (121) corresponding to the second air passage (112), the first nozzle assembly (121) being for spraying towards the second air passage (112);

the mechanical refrigeration module comprises a condenser (21);

-said condenser (21) corresponds to an outlet of said second air channel (112), said outdoor air flowing through said condenser (21); the second nozzle assembly (122) corresponds to the condenser (21), and the second nozzle assembly (122) is used for spraying the condenser (21).

2. Air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the first nozzle assembly (121) corresponds to the outlet of the second air channel (112), the first nozzle assembly (121), the condenser (21) and the second nozzle assembly (122) being arranged in sequence in a direction away from the outlet of the second air channel (112).

3. An air conditioning unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the indirect evaporation module further comprises a second fan (113), the second fan (113) being located at a side of the condenser (21) remote from the outlet of the second air channel (112).

4. The air conditioning unit according to claim 1, wherein the spray system further comprises a water reservoir (123), a water pump (124);

the water storage tank (123) is connected with an inlet of the water pump (124), and an outlet of the water pump (124) is connected with the first nozzle assembly (121) and the second nozzle assembly (122) respectively.

5. The air conditioning unit according to claim 4, wherein the first nozzle assembly (121) and the second nozzle assembly (122) are respectively located above the air-to-air heat exchange core (11), and the water storage tank (123) is located below the air-to-air heat exchange core (11).

6. The air conditioning assembly of claim 4, wherein the spray system further comprises a water refill assembly;

the water replenishing assembly comprises a water replenishing pipe (1251) and a water replenishing valve (1252), the water replenishing pipe (1251) is connected with the water storage tank (123), and the water replenishing valve (1252) is positioned on the water replenishing pipe (1251) and used for controlling the on-off of the water replenishing pipe (1251);

and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the spray system further comprises a drain assembly;

the drainage assembly comprises a drainage pipe (1261) and a drainage valve (1262), wherein the drainage pipe (1261) is connected with the water storage tank (123), and the drainage valve (1262) is positioned on the drainage pipe (1261) and used for controlling the on-off of the drainage pipe (1261).

7. An air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical refrigeration module further comprises a compressor (22) and an evaporator (23);

the outlet of the compressor (22) is connected with the condenser (21), the condenser (21) is connected with the evaporator (23), and the evaporator (23) is connected to the inlet of the compressor (22);

the evaporator (23) corresponds to an outlet of the first air passage (111), and the indoor air flows through the evaporator (23).

8. An air conditioning unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the mechanical refrigeration module further comprises a first fan (24), the first fan (24) being located on a side of the evaporator (23) remote from the outlet of the first air channel (111).

9. An air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the first air channel (111) is arranged in a horizontal direction within the air-air heat exchange core (11), and the second air channel (112) is arranged in a vertical direction within the air-air heat exchange core (11).

10. A data center, characterized in that an air conditioning unit according to any one of claims 1-9 is used.