CN219674863U - Heat exchange device, heat exchanger and heat exchange system - Google Patents

Abstract

Heat transfer device, heat exchanger and heat transfer system, heat transfer device includes: the sleeve assembly comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, the inner pipe is sleeved on the outer pipe, and a gap exists between the inner wall of the outer pipe and the outer wall of the inner pipe; the pipe wall of the outer pipe is provided with a plurality of micropores; the first fluid is arranged in the inner tube, the second fluid is arranged in the gap, and the second fluid permeates or evaporates through the micropores, exchanges heat with air and cools the first fluid and the second fluid. According to the embodiment of the utility model, when the fluid in the inner pipe and the fluid in the outer pipe exchange heat with each other, the air outside the sleeve can exchange heat with the fluid overflowed from the micropores, and the fluid after heat exchange also has the self-spraying and self-cooling functions on the outer pipe, so that the fluid in the outer pipe and the fluid in the inner pipe are cooled, three-fluid multiphase flow heat exchange is realized, and the refrigeration efficiency can be remarkably improved.

Description

Heat exchange device, heat exchanger and heat exchange system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of environmental cooling, in particular to a heat exchange device, a heat exchanger and a heat exchange system.

Background

Along with the development of digitization and informatization, the scale of cloud computing data centers is gradually enlarged in recent years, the power consumption of the data centers is increased year by year along with the increase of the number of the data centers, and according to incomplete statistics, the annual power consumption of the global data centers accounts for about 4% of the total global power consumption at present. The power consumption of the national data center in 2020 exceeds 2000 hundred million Kwh and reaches 2025, the power consumption of the national data center is expected to be increased to nearly 4000 hundred million Kwh. Data center power consumption accounts for 5.8% of the nationwide power usage rate that is expected to increase from 1.6% in 2018 to 2025. In addition to IT equipment power consumption, most of the power consumption is refrigeration power consumption, so how to improve refrigeration efficiency is a key of energy saving and consumption reduction.

Common refrigeration modes applied to data centers adopt the forms of an open cooling tower, a closed cooling tower, air cooling spraying, indirect evaporative cooling, a double-pipe heat exchanger and the like. But all have drawbacks such as: the open cooling tower and the closed cooling tower have large refrigeration water consumption, dust in the air can be immersed into water, filler or a water tank, maintenance is difficult, and in addition, the water in the cooling tower is easy to freeze in winter, so that a refrigeration system is paralyzed, and the refrigeration efficiency is reduced. The air cooling spray refrigeration and the indirect evaporation refrigeration have the condition of dust accumulation on fins or heat exchange cores, so that the refrigeration efficiency is reduced. The heat exchange mode of the double-pipe heat exchanger is single, the heat exchange efficiency is limited by the heat conduction performance of the pipe wall, and the refrigeration efficiency is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the utility model provides a heat exchange device, a heat exchanger and a heat exchange system, wherein the heat exchange device comprises a sleeve with an inner pipe and an outer pipe, a plurality of micropores are arranged on the outer pipe, fluid in the outer pipe overflows in a gaseous state, a fog state or a liquid state through the plurality of micropores, air outside the sleeve can exchange heat with fluid overflowed from the plurality of micropores while the fluid in the inner pipe and the fluid in the outer pipe exchange heat with each other, the fluid after heat exchange also has the self-spraying and self-cooling functions on the outer pipe, and then the fluid in the outer pipe and the inner pipe is cooled, so that three-fluid multiphase flow heat exchange is realized, and the refrigeration efficiency is remarkably improved.

For this purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the embodiment of the utility model:

in a first aspect, a heat exchange device is provided, comprising: the sleeve assembly comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, the inner pipe is sleeved on the outer pipe, and a gap exists between the inner wall of the outer pipe and the outer wall of the inner pipe; the pipe wall of the outer pipe is provided with a plurality of micropores; the first fluid is arranged in the inner tube, the second fluid is arranged in the gap, and the second fluid permeates or evaporates through the micropores, exchanges heat with air and cools the first fluid and the second fluid.

The realization mode of the utility model can exchange heat between the fluid in the inner pipe and the fluid in the outer pipe, and the air outside the sleeve can exchange heat with the fluid overflowed from the micropores, and the fluid after heat exchange also has the functions of self-spraying and self-cooling on the outer pipe, thereby cooling the fluid in the outer pipe and the inner pipe, realizing three-fluid multiphase flow heat exchange and obviously improving the refrigeration efficiency.

In one possible implementation, the microwells include a plurality of first microwells such that the second fluid overflows in gaseous form through the first microwells.

In this embodiment, the liquid passing through the first micropores assumes a gaseous state, and the primary form of heat exchange is to take away heat from the outside air and the latent heat of vaporization of water.

In one possible implementation, the microwells include a plurality of second microwells such that the second fluid overflows through the second microwells in a mist form.

In the implementation mode, the liquid passing through the second micropores is in a fog state, and at the moment, the main heat exchange mode is that the permeated liquid evaporates and absorbs heat, so that the air is cooled, and the air takes away the heat in the pipe.

In one possible implementation, the microwells include a plurality of third microwells such that the second fluid overflows in liquid form through the third microwells.

In the implementation mode, the liquid passing through the third micropore is in a liquid drop or water column state, at the moment, the main heat exchange mode is that the liquid seeping out of the outer tube evaporates and absorbs heat to cool air, meanwhile, a water film is formed on the wall of the outer tube, and the heat outside air in the tube and the water film formed on the wall of the outer tube are taken away, so that the cooling is similar to spray cooling.

In one possible implementation, the plurality of microwells includes at least two microwells of the first microwell, the second microwell, and the third microwell.

The realization mode of the utility model can adopt the micropore combination with different apertures, and the second fluid can form at least two states of gas state, fog state and liquid state to carry out flexible heat exchange through the combined micropores.

In one possible implementation, a plurality of micro-holes are alternately spaced along the wall of the outer tube.

The mixed type micropore layout formed by alternately arranged micropores has more uniform heat exchange effect and good heat exchange effect.

In one possible implementation, the first fluid is a refrigerant and the second fluid is water.

In one possible implementation, the method further includes: and the fan is arranged at one side of the sleeve assembly and used for guiding air to flow through the pipe wall of the outer pipe so as to exchange heat between the air and the second fluid overflowing from the micropores.

The fan is arranged to guide a large amount of air to flow through the pipe wall of the outer pipe rapidly, so that the air exchanges heat with the second fluid overflowed from the micropores rapidly, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

In another aspect, a heat exchanger is provided comprising an inner tube circulation system, an outer tube circulation system and at least one heat exchange device as described above, wherein: the inner pipe circulation system is communicated with the inner pipe; the outer tube circulation system is communicated with the outer tube.

In one possible implementation, the inner pipe circulation system includes a pump and a circulation line, the pump providing circulation power; the outer pipe circulation system comprises a pump and a circulation pipeline, wherein the pump is used for providing circulation power.

In one possible implementation, the inner pipe circulation system includes a compressor for providing circulation power, an expansion valve for controlling flow in the circulation line, and a circulation line; the outer pipe circulation system comprises a pump and a circulation pipeline, wherein the pump is used for providing circulation power.

In one possible implementation, the inner pipe circulation system includes a pump and a circulation line, the pump providing circulation power; the outer pipe circulation system comprises a compressor, an expansion valve and a circulation pipeline, wherein the compressor is used for providing circulation power, and the expansion valve is used for controlling flow in the circulation pipeline.

In one possible implementation, the inner pipe circulation system includes a compressor for providing circulation power, an expansion valve for controlling flow in the circulation line, and a circulation line; the outer pipe circulation system comprises a compressor, an expansion valve and a circulation pipeline, wherein the compressor is used for providing circulation power, and the expansion valve is used for controlling flow in the circulation pipeline.

In one possible implementation, the inner tube circulation system further comprises a plate heat exchanger for adjusting the temperature in the inner tube; the outer tube circulation system further comprises a condenser for adjusting the temperature in the outer tube.

In yet another aspect, a heat exchange system is provided that includes a heat exchanger as described above for effecting three-fluid multiphase flow heat exchange.

In yet another aspect, a heat exchange system is provided comprising an indirect evaporative cooling system and a heat exchanger as described above, in combination with the indirect evaporative cooling system, to simultaneously cool an environment.

The indirect evaporative cooling system and the heat exchanger are combined to exchange heat, so that the heat exchange effect is better, the heat exchange efficiency is improved on one hand, the maintenance time and maintenance times of the indirect evaporative cooling system are reduced on the other hand, and the overall working efficiency of the heat exchange system is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a third heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a fourth heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a first heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a fourth heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fifth heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a sixth heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of another heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present utility model and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or by an abutting or integral connection; the specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the description of the present specification, a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

As global warming and human low-carbon targets are increasingly conflicting, the energy that is ultimately used for cooling and heating in global energy consumption accounts for about 40% of the total energy, and thus how to improve cooling and heating efficiency is a constantly-explored topic; meanwhile, the annual power consumption of the data center is about 4% of the global power consumption, and the refrigeration power consumption is the vast majority of the rest of the power consumption except the IT equipment, so the data center industry is more focused on the improvement of the refrigeration energy efficiency. The evaporative cooling technology is an outdoor cooling mode widely applied to temperature control equipment of a data center in recent years, and the basic principle is that the air is humidified with medium enthalpy, so that the temperature of the air approaches to the wet bulb temperature. However, the evaporative cooling method requires more maintenance regularly, and frequent maintenance tends to affect the refrigeration efficiency of the data center.

The embodiment of the present utility model thus proposes a heat exchange device, as shown in fig. 1-2, comprising: the sleeve assembly comprises an inner pipe 1 and an outer pipe 2, wherein the inner pipe 1 is sleeved on the outer pipe 2, and a gap exists between the inner wall of the outer pipe 2 and the outer wall of the inner pipe 1; the pipe wall of the outer pipe 2 is provided with a plurality of micropores 5; wherein, the first fluid 3 is arranged in the inner tube 1, the second fluid 4 is arranged in the gap, the second fluid 4 permeates or evaporates through the micropores 5, exchanges heat with air and cools the first fluid 3 and the second fluid 4. The size of the micropores 5 may range from nano-scale to millimeter-scale, and the second fluid 4 may take three forms after passing through the micropores 5, respectively: gaseous, fog, droplets (or water columns).

In one embodiment, the second fluid 4 may overflow the outer tube 2 in gaseous form through the micro-pores 5 when the pore size of the micro-pores 5 is less than 10 micrometers. When the pore diameter of the micropores 5 is greater than or equal to 10 micrometers and less than or equal to 50 micrometers, the second fluid 4 may overflow the outer tube 2 in a mist form through the micropores 5. When the pore diameter of the micro pores 5 is larger than 50 μm, the second fluid 4 overflows the outer tube 2 in a liquid form through the micro pores 5.

In particular, when the pore size of the micropores 5 is smaller than 10 μm, the liquid passing through the micropores 5 assumes a gaseous state, and the main form of heat exchange is that heat in the outer tube 2 is taken away by the latent heat of vaporization of external air and water. When the aperture of the micropore 5 is more than or equal to 10 microns and less than or equal to 50 microns, the liquid passing through the micropore 5 is in a fog state, and at the moment, the main heat exchange mode is that the permeated liquid evaporates and absorbs heat, so that the air is cooled, and the air takes away the heat in the pipe. When the pore diameter of the micropores 5 is larger than 50 micrometers, the liquid passing through the micropores 5 is in a liquid drop or water column state, and at the moment, the main heat exchange mode is that the liquid permeated out of the outer tube 2 absorbs heat by evaporation to cool the air, meanwhile, a water film is formed on the wall of the outer tube 2, and the heat outside the tube and the water film formed on the wall of the outer tube 2 are taken away, so that the cooling is similar to spray cooling.

The external air exchanges heat with the overflowed second fluid 4 respectively, and the principle of isenthalpic humidification is adopted for heat exchange, so that the second fluid 4 (refrigerant or water) in the outer tube 2 is cooled by air and water evaporation when the environment is high in humidity, and the first fluid 3 (refrigerant or water) in the inner tube 1 is further cooled; cooling the outside air and the second fluid 4 in the outer tube 2 by water evaporation at low ambient humidity, further cooling the first fluid 3 in the inner tube 1; namely, the heat exchange device can simultaneously generate cold air and cold fluid, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.

In the embodiment of the utility model, as the pipe wall of the outer pipe 2 is provided with the plurality of micropores 5, the second fluid 4 overflowed from the micropores 5 exchanges heat with air to form the spray cooling liquid of the sleeve assembly, so as to spray cool the outer pipe 2, and the second fluid 4 after spray cooling in the outer pipe 2 exchanges heat with the first fluid 3 in the inner pipe 1, thereby achieving the purpose of three-fluid multiphase flow heat exchange. The embodiment of the utility model realizes the combination of spraying and heat exchange, can achieve the effects of self-spraying and self-cooling, and has obvious improvement of heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the embodiment of the utility model adopts self spraying, a spraying system is not required to be additionally arranged, and the sprayed second fluid 4 can be recycled, so that the equipment manufacturing cost and the consumption cost of the cooling liquid are greatly reduced. The equipment has simple structure, convenient maintenance and low maintenance cost.

The sleeve assembly can be a spiral sleeve (the inner tube 1 and the outer tube 2), can be formed by arranging a plurality of sleeves in parallel, and can also be formed by a plurality of spiral sleeves. The form of the sleeve assembly may be arranged or combined as desired.

In one possible embodiment, the plurality of microwells 5 may include at least two microwells 5 of the first microwell 5, the second microwell 5, and the third microwell 5; wherein the pore diameter of the first micropores 5 is smaller than 10 micrometers, the pore diameter of the second micropores 5 is larger than or equal to 10 micrometers and smaller than or equal to 50 micrometers, and the pore diameter of the third micropores 5 is larger than 50 micrometers. The micropores 5 can be uniformly distributed along the wall of the outer tube 2 according to the preset form of the micropores 5 with three different sizes, or alternatively arranged at intervals. The manner of arranging the micropores 5 can be different according to the needs, and is not particularly limited.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the micropores 5 with different sizes can overflow the second fluid 4 in different forms, can meet the heat exchange requirement of a specific environment, has flexible spraying mode and improves the heat exchange effect.

In one possible embodiment, the heat exchange device may further include: the fan 6, the fan 6 is arranged at one side of the sleeve assembly, and is used for guiding a large amount of air to flow through the pipe wall of the outer pipe 2 rapidly, so that the air exchanges heat with the second fluid 4 overflowed from the plurality of micropores 5 rapidly.

In one possible embodiment, the first fluid 3 is a refrigerant and the second fluid 4 is water.

In another possible embodiment, the sleeve assembly may only include the outer tube 2, the outer tube 2 is provided with a plurality of micropores 5, the micropores 5 are as described above, the flowing second fluid 4 is disposed in the outer tube 2, and the second fluid 4 overflows from the micropores 5 to achieve three forms as described above, respectively: the second fluid 4 overflowed from the micropores 5 exchanges heat with air outside the pipe in the gaseous state, the fog state and the liquid drop (or water column), so that the purposes of self-spraying and self-cooling are realized.

As shown in fig. 3-6, a heat exchanger is proposed, comprising an inner tube circulation system, an outer tube circulation system and at least one heat exchanging device as described above, wherein: the inner pipe circulation system is communicated with the inner pipe; the outer tube circulation system is communicated with the outer tube. The inner pipe circulation system and the outer pipe circulation system generally comprise power equipment, a cooling device and circulation pipelines, are respectively independent circulation systems, and are respectively connected to the inner pipe and the outer pipe in the sleeve assembly, so that the sleeve assembly has circulation cooling capacity.

In one possible embodiment, the inner tube circulation system may include a pump to provide circulation power and a circulation line; the outer pipe circulation system comprises a pump and a circulation pipeline, wherein the pump is used for providing circulation power.

In one possible embodiment, the inner tube circulation system may include a compressor for providing circulation power, an expansion valve for controlling a flow rate in the circulation line, and a circulation line; the outer pipe circulation system comprises a pump and a circulation pipeline, wherein the pump is used for providing circulation power.

In one possible embodiment, the inner tube circulation system may include a pump to provide circulation power and a circulation line; the outer pipe circulation system comprises a compressor, an expansion valve and a circulation pipeline, wherein the compressor is used for providing circulation power, and the expansion valve is used for controlling flow in the circulation pipeline.

In one possible embodiment, the inner tube circulation system may include a compressor for providing circulation power, an expansion valve for controlling a flow rate in the circulation line, and a circulation line; the outer pipe circulation system comprises a compressor, an expansion valve and a circulation pipeline, wherein the compressor is used for providing circulation power, and the expansion valve is used for controlling flow in the circulation pipeline.

In a further alternative embodiment, the inner tube circulation system may further comprise a plate heat exchanger for adjusting the temperature in the inner tube; the outer tube circulation system may also comprise a condenser (a dry cooler or an evaporator) for adjusting the temperature in the outer tube.

The embodiment of the utility model can be applied to various heat dissipation and cooling condensing devices, and is not limited to various air conditioner external units, data center cooling equipment and the like. Compared with the traditional cooling tower, no external water pump is needed, no filler device is needed, dust in the air cannot infiltrate into water, filler or a water tank, maintenance is simple, and heat exchange efficiency is high. And can realize the combination of the condenser and the cooling tower, namely, simultaneously produce cold air, cold water, refrigerant or chilled water.

As shown in fig. 7-12, a heat exchange system is provided, comprising a heat exchanger as described above for effecting three-fluid multiphase flow heat exchange. In the embodiment, the heat exchanger can be applied to a heat exchange system, and the energy conservation, consumption reduction and efficiency improvement of the heat exchange system are realized in a three-fluid multiphase flow heat exchange mode. In particular, it can be applied to all devices having refrigeration functions, including but not limited to data center temperature control products, machine room air conditioners, indirect evaporative cooling Systems (AHUs), commercial and household air conditioners, and refrigeration devices for specialty applications, etc.

As shown in fig. 13, a heat exchange system is proposed, comprising an indirect evaporative cooling system and a heat exchanger as described above, in combination with the indirect evaporative cooling system, while cooling the environment. According to the embodiment of the utility model, the heat exchanger is combined with the indirect evaporative cooling system to cool the environment, so that the maintenance time of the indirect evaporative cooling system can be effectively prolonged, the maintenance times can be reduced, and the refrigeration efficiency can be improved.

The embodiment of the utility model is based on the double pipe heat exchanger, and the microporous structure is added on the surface of the double pipe heat exchanger, so that the second fluid in the outer pipe can directly exchange heat with external air, the second fluid permeated from the surface of the outer pipe can cool the heat exchanger after being evaporated, the second fluid after heat exchange also forms a spraying effect on the outer pipe, the purposes of self spraying and self cooling are realized, no additional spraying equipment is needed, the heat exchanger structure is simplified, the cost is saved, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

The heat exchange device, the heat exchanger and the heat exchange system provided by the embodiment of the utility model are not limited to the above embodiments, and all the technical schemes realized under the principle of the utility model are within the protection scope of the scheme. Any one or more embodiments or illustrations in the specification, combined in a suitable manner, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

The present utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present utility model are intended to be included in the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (11)

1. A heat exchange device, comprising:

the sleeve assembly comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, the inner pipe is sleeved on the outer pipe, and a gap exists between the inner wall of the outer pipe and the outer wall of the inner pipe; the pipe wall of the outer pipe is provided with a plurality of micropores;

the first fluid is arranged in the tube of the inner tube, the second fluid is arranged in the gap, and the second fluid permeates or evaporates through the micropores, exchanges heat with air and cools the first fluid and the second fluid.

2. The heat exchange device of claim 1 wherein the microwells include a plurality of first microwells such that the second fluid overflows in gaseous form through the first microwells.

3. The heat exchange device of claim 1 wherein the microwells include a plurality of second microwells such that the second fluid overflows in a mist form through the second microwells.

4. The heat exchange device of claim 1 wherein the microwells include a plurality of third microwells such that the second fluid overflows in liquid form through the third microwells.

5. The heat exchange device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of microwells includes at least two microwells of a first microwell, a second microwell, and a third microwell.

6. The heat exchange device of claim 5 wherein the plurality of micropores are alternately spaced along a wall of the outer tube.

7. The heat exchange device of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the first fluid is a refrigerant and the second fluid is water.

8. The heat exchange device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

and the fan is arranged on one side of the sleeve assembly and used for guiding air to flow through the pipe wall of the outer pipe so as to exchange heat between the air and the second fluid overflowing from the micropores.

9. A heat exchanger comprising an inner tube circulation system, an outer tube circulation system and at least one heat exchange device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

the inner pipe circulation system is communicated with the inner pipe;

the outer tube circulation system is in communication with the outer tube.

10. A heat exchange system comprising a heat exchanger according to any one of claims 3 to 8 for effecting three-fluid multiphase flow heat exchange.

11. A heat exchange system comprising an indirect evaporative cooling system and a heat exchanger according to any one of claims 3 to 8, in combination with the indirect evaporative cooling system, for cooling an environment.