CN219019357U - Driver and motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses driver and motor, wherein the driver includes: a heat dissipation assembly; the base plate is arranged on one side of the heat dissipation assembly; the plurality of first power elements are arranged on one side of the substrate, which is away from the heat dissipation assembly; wherein gaps are formed among the plurality of first power elements; at least one fastener penetrating the substrate and connected to the heat dissipating assembly; wherein the front projection of at least a portion of the fastener onto the substrate is located within the front projection of the gap onto the substrate. Through the mode, the heat dissipation efficiency of the plurality of first power elements through the heat dissipation assembly can be improved, the self-cooling of the driver is realized, meanwhile, the layout of the first power elements and the fastener is optimized, one fastener can act on the plurality of first power elements, the consumption of the fastener is reduced, and the assembly cost is reduced.

Description

Driver and motor

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of motors, and in particular, to a driver and a motor.

Background

The power module in the driver, also called an inversion module, is a core component of the whole machine and is also a main heating device, and the function of the power module is to convert the direct-current voltage of the input module into an alternating-current power supply of the driving motor through the switching function of an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor, hereinafter referred to as a single tube) in the power module.

The IGBT is paved on a PCB (printed circuit board) in a single tube mode, the packaging volume is small, but the diffusion rate of heat generated by the single tube is relatively low, and if the heat cannot be timely dissipated, the temperature of the single tube exceeds the self bearing capacity, and the single tube can fail. In the prior art, in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of a single tube, a driver needs to be designed into air cooling, and the single tube is rapidly cooled by forced convection. On the one hand, the layout of single tube is put along the direction in wind channel mostly, and the vertical back of arranging of single tube, and upper and lower distance is very long, and in addition the deformation of PCB in the use, the PCB louvre at every single tube back can't guarantee to compress tightly the laminating with the radiator, and single tube temperature takes place to pile up easily. On the other hand, the small-volume driver has a shortage of space, and only fans with the outer frame of 30mm and below can be selected, so that the fans have low service life, are easy to damage and are not easy to maintain.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to overcome the existing defects, and provides a driver and a motor, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of a plurality of first power elements through a heat dissipation assembly, realize self-cooling of the driver, reduce the consumption of fasteners and reduce the assembly cost.

In order to solve the technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: there is provided a driver comprising: a heat dissipation assembly; the substrate is arranged on one side of the heat dissipation assembly; the plurality of first power elements are arranged on one side of the substrate, which is away from the heat dissipation assembly; wherein gaps are formed among the plurality of first power elements; at least one fastener penetrating the substrate and connected to the heat sink assembly; wherein at least a portion of the front projection of the fastener onto the substrate is located within the front projection of the gap onto the substrate.

In order to solve the technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: there is provided an electric motor comprising the aforementioned drive.

In the condition of prior art, the beneficial effect of this application is: the application provides a driver and motor, the driver includes: a heat dissipation assembly; the base plate is arranged on one side of the heat dissipation assembly; the plurality of first power elements are arranged on one side of the substrate, which is away from the heat dissipation assembly; wherein gaps are formed among the plurality of first power elements; at least one fastener penetrating the substrate and connected to the heat dissipating assembly; wherein the front projection of at least a portion of the fastener onto the substrate is located within the front projection of the gap onto the substrate. Through the technical scheme, the part of the substrate provided with the first power element is tightly contacted with the radiating component through the fastening piece, the radiating efficiency of the plurality of first power elements through the radiating component is improved, the heat accumulation generated by the first power elements is avoided, the self-cooling of the driver is realized, meanwhile, the layout of the first power elements and the fastening piece is optimized, one fastening piece is adjusted to act on the plurality of first power elements, the using amount of the fastening piece is reduced, and the assembly cost is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a driver of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the fastener securing means of the driver of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of another embodiment of the actuator of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a driver of the present application including a second power element;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the fastener installation of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the fastener installation of FIG. 1.

Detailed Description

The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a driver of the present application, and fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fastener fastening manner of an embodiment of the driver of fig. 1, where the driver of the present application may include: a heat sink assembly 1, a base plate 2, a plurality of first power elements 31, and at least one fastener 4. Since the heat sink assembly in fig. 1 is hidden under the substrate 2, the heat sink assembly is not shown in fig. 1. The heat dissipation component 1 may be a heat sink or a heat radiator, and the surface of the heat dissipation component near one side of the substrate 2 may have an electrophoretic paint or a black oxygen polarization treatment, which may obtain heat emitted from the heat generating surface of the first power element 31, and rapidly conduct the heat away, so as to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the first power element 31, avoid heat accumulation of the first power element 31, and prolong the service life of the first power element 31.

The substrate 2 may be a printed circuit board, may be disposed on one side of the heat dissipation assembly 1, may be provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes H on the substrate 2, the heat dissipation holes H may penetrate through the substrate 2, and heat emitted by the first power element 31 may be transferred to the heat dissipation assembly 1 through the heat dissipation holes H. In an embodiment, in order to increase the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation hole H, the inner wall of the heat dissipation hole H may be plated with copper to increase the heat conduction rate.

The plurality of first power elements 31 may be disposed on a side of the substrate 2 facing away from the heat dissipation assembly 1, and a heat generating surface (for example, a surface a in fig. 2) of the first power elements may be bonded to the substrate 2 and welded to a position on the substrate 2 having a heat dissipation hole, where a gap may be formed between the plurality of first power elements 31. The first power element 31 may be a power element that generates heat when operated, such as a main power tube, a drive tube, a frequency converter tube, a rectifier tube, an oscillator tube, or a pickup tube.

The fastening member 4 may be a screw, a bolt, or the like, and may be inserted through the substrate 2 and connected to the heat dissipating assembly 1, where at least a portion of the front projection of the fastening member 4 on the substrate 2 may be located in the front projection of the gaps formed by the plurality of first power elements 31 on the substrate 2. The substrate 2 should have a first hole corresponding to the specification of the fastener 4, the heat dissipating component 1 should have a second hole corresponding to the specification of the fastener 4, and the position of the first hole should be matched with the position of the second hole.

Through the structure, the substrate 2 at the first power element 31 can be tightly contacted with the heat dissipation assembly 1 by the fastening piece 4, the heat dissipation efficiency of a plurality of first power elements 31 through the heat dissipation assembly 1 is improved, the first power elements 31 are prevented from generating heat accumulation, the self-cooling of a driver is realized, meanwhile, the layout of the first power elements 31 and the fastening piece 4 is optimized, one fastening piece 4 can act on the plurality of first power elements 31, and the consumption of the fastening piece 4 is reduced.

In some embodiments, the plurality of first power elements 31 are arranged in an array along the first direction D1 and the second direction D2, and any two adjacent first power elements 31 are arranged at intervals, wherein the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 intersect each other. For example, in one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 may be perpendicular to each other. In another embodiment, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of another embodiment of the driver of the present application, where the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 may intersect but are not perpendicular to each other. The first power elements 31 are arranged in a neat manner, which is beneficial to the arrangement of other circuits.

In an embodiment, the adjacent first power elements 31 may form a combined unit U, and the first power elements 31 in the same combined unit U are respectively arranged in two rows along the first direction D1 and the second direction D2; wherein, the clearance of each combined unit U is correspondingly provided with at least one fastener 4. For example, in an embodiment, referring to fig. 1 again, four adjacent first power elements 31 may form a square combined unit U, the first power elements 31 of each combined unit U may be arranged in two rows along the first direction D1 and the second direction D2, the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 may be perpendicular to each other, and the fastener 4 may be located in a gap between the four adjacent power elements 31. Therefore, the adjacent four first power elements 31 are subjected to the action of at least 1 fastener 4, and the design of arranging the four first power elements in a straight line relative to the first power elements 31 greatly reduces the use of the fasteners 4, and effectively utilizes the space of the substrate 2; in addition, the arrangement of the first power elements 31 in one combined unit is more regular, and the first power elements 31 are matched with the shape of the outer edge of the substrate 2, so that the influence of the first power elements 31 on the layout and the wiring of the elements on the substrate 2 is reduced. The actual working temperature difference of each first power element 31 in the layout optimization design scheme is not more than 5 degrees, and the actual temperature difference between each first power element 31 in the in-line arrangement scheme can reach more than 20 degrees.

In other embodiments, there may be three or five first power elements 31 in one combining unit U, and the corresponding adjustment may be performed according to the actual positions of the metal lines and other elements on the actual substrate 2.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the distance between the fastener 4 and each first power element 31 in the corresponding combined unit U is less than a first threshold; the specific value of the first threshold is 13-22mm, and may be determined comprehensively according to factors such as the size of the first power element 31, the weight of the first power element 31, the shape of the first power element 31, the heating rate of the first power element 31, the size of the fastener 4, and the size of the substrate 2, and may be selected according to the characteristics of the actual driver. Within this first threshold value, each first power element 31 should be ensured to be fastened by at least one fastener 4, and the first power elements 31 do not generate heat build-up. Meanwhile, the distance between the first power elements 31 should be greater than the minimum An Guiju distance thereof, so as to ensure that the first power elements 31 can operate normally.

In some embodiments, the gap of each combined unit U is correspondingly provided with one fastener 4, so that the use of the fasteners 4 can be reduced as much as possible, and the utilization rate of the substrate is improved. In an embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the front projection of the fastener 4 on the substrate 2 may be located in a central area of the combined unit U, where the central area may be the center of gravity of the combined unit U, so that the fastener 4 in one combined unit U may apply the same fastening force to all the first power elements 31 in the combined unit U, and the temperature difference between each other may be further reduced.

In an application scenario, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the driver including a second power element, where the driver may further include: at least one second power element 32 is disposed on a side of the substrate 2 away from the heat dissipation assembly (the heat dissipation assembly is below the substrate 2 and is not shown in the drawing), that is, on the same side of the substrate 2 as the first power element 31, and the second power element 32 is disposed on the periphery of the plurality of first power elements 31. The number of the fasteners 4 is plural, and at least one fastener 4 is disposed on the periphery of the second power element 32, and other fasteners 4 may be disposed corresponding to the first power element 31. The fastening member 4 provided on the outer periphery of the second power element 32 may be provided adjacent to one corner G of the substrate 2, and may be an existing fixing component for fixing four corners of the substrate 2, and may be reused as a fixing element for the second power element. The second power element 32 may be the same type of power element as the first power element 31, or may be a different type of power element. For example, the first power element 31 may be an insulated gate bipolar transistor main power transistor, and the second power element 32 may be a main power transistor, or may be a single transistor having a function different from that of the main power transistor, such as a driving transistor, a frequency converter, a rectifying transistor, an oscillating transistor, and a detector transistor. Therefore, the fixing part of the base plate can be used as a fastener of the power element, the consumption of the fastener is reduced, and the assembly cost is reduced. Of course, the second power element 32 may also be positioned adjacent to a fastened corner other than the corner G shown in fig. 4, while ensuring proper operation of the driver.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4 again, the heating rates of the second power element 32 and the first power element 31 may be different, and the heating rate of the second power element 32 may be smaller than the heating rate of the first power element 31, and the distance between the second power element 32 and its corresponding fastener 4 is greater than or equal to the distance between the first power element 31 and its corresponding fastener 4. This is because the power element having a small heat generation rate generates less heat per unit time and the heat is accumulated slowly, and the generated heat is easily introduced into the heat dissipating member through the heat dissipating holes, so that the degree of fastening between the substrate and the heat dissipating member can be reduced appropriately.

In an embodiment, the first power element 31 may be an insulated gate bipolar transistor main power tube, the second power element 32 may be a driving tube, and a distance between the first power element 31 and the corresponding fastener 4 may be smaller than a first threshold; wherein the first threshold may be 13-22mm. The distance between the second power element 32 and its corresponding fastener 4 may be less than a second threshold; wherein the second threshold may be 18-27mm. The heat generation rate of the drive tube is less than the heat generation rate of the main power tube, so the distance between the drive tube and the corresponding fastener may be greater than the distance between the main power tube and the corresponding fastener. Of course, in other embodiments, the second threshold may be equal to the first threshold, providing higher heat dissipation efficiency for the second power element 32.

In an application scenario, the first power element 31 and the second power element 32 are electrified in actual operation, and safety insulation needs to be considered, as shown in fig. 5-6, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a fastener installation mode in fig. 1, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a fastener installation mode in fig. 1, where the fastener 4 may include a metal screw 41 and an insulating sleeve 42 sleeved on the metal screw 41, so that the metal screw 41 is prevented from being communicated with the substrate 2 and the heat dissipation assembly 1, normal use of the driver is ensured, and leakage phenomenon of the driver caused by connection of the first power element 31 or the second power element 32 with the heat dissipation assembly 1 through the substrate 2 and the metal screw 41 is also avoided, and working safety of the driver is improved. In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a surface b of a side of the metal screw 41 away from the heat dissipation component 1 is not electrically connected with other conductive components, and the insulating sleeve 42 may not wrap the surface b, so long as insulation isolation between the metal screw 41 and the substrate 2 is ensured; when the metal screw 41 is installed, the insulating sleeve 42 can be placed in a hole matched with the metal screw 41, and then the metal screw 41 is embedded; the insulating sleeve 42 may be first sleeved on the outer surface of the metal screw 41, and then the metal screw 41 and the insulating sleeve 42 are together inserted into a hole matched with the metal screw 41. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the insulating sleeve 42 may also wrap the side surface b of the metal screw 41 away from the heat dissipation assembly 1, so as to provide better insulating safety for the driver; when the metal screw 41 is installed, the insulating sleeve 42 can be sleeved on the outer surface of the metal screw 41, and then the metal screw 41 and the insulating sleeve 42 are embedded into a hole matched with the metal screw 41.

Referring to fig. 5-6, an insulating layer 5 may be disposed between the substrate 2 and the heat dissipation assembly 1, corresponding to the insulating sleeve 42, to further prevent conduction between the substrate 2 and the heat dissipation assembly 1, where the insulating layer 5 has good insulation property and good thermal conductivity, and may be insulating paper or insulating heat conductive rubber pad. The insulating layer 5 should have a third hole corresponding to the specification of the fastener 4, and its position should be matched with the positions of the first hole and the second hole. In an embodiment, the insulating sleeve 42 may also be at least partially located within the insulating layer 5 to further prevent conduction between the substrate 2 and the heat sink assembly 1.

The application also relates to an electric machine comprising the aforementioned drive. The motor can be used for the scenes of cars, buses, trucks, off-road vehicles, new energy automobiles, wind power generator sets, photovoltaic generator sets, rail transit and the like. The motor can realize self-cooling of the driver by depending on the layout optimization scheme of the first power element, the second power element and the fastener in the driver, and meanwhile, the motor has good heat dissipation uniformity and high system heat dissipation reliability and stability.

As can be seen from the above, the present utility model provides a driver and a motor, the driver comprising: a heat dissipation assembly; the base plate is arranged on one side of the heat dissipation assembly; the plurality of first power elements are arranged on one side of the substrate, which is away from the heat dissipation assembly; wherein gaps are formed among the plurality of first power elements; at least one fastener penetrating the substrate and connected to the heat dissipating assembly; wherein the front projection of at least a portion of the fastener onto the substrate is located within the front projection of the gap onto the substrate. Through the technical scheme, the radiating efficiency of the plurality of first power elements through the radiating component can be improved, the self-cooling of the driver is realized, meanwhile, the layout of the first power elements and the fasteners is optimized, one fastener can act on the plurality of first power elements, the consumption of the fasteners is reduced, and the assembly cost is reduced.

The foregoing is only the embodiments of the present application, and not the patent scope of the present application is limited by the foregoing description, but all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the contents of the present application and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, which are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A driver, comprising:

a heat dissipation assembly;

the substrate is arranged on one side of the heat dissipation assembly;

the plurality of first power elements are arranged on one side of the substrate, which is away from the heat dissipation assembly; wherein gaps are formed among the plurality of first power elements;

at least one fastener penetrating the substrate and connected to the heat sink assembly; wherein at least a portion of the front projection of the fastener onto the substrate is located within the front projection of the gap onto the substrate.

2. The actuator of claim 1, wherein the actuator comprises a plurality of actuators,

the plurality of first power elements are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction, and any two adjacent first power elements are arranged at intervals; wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect each other.

3. The drive of claim 2, wherein the drive is configured to drive the drive motor,

the adjacent first power elements form a combined unit, and the first power elements in the same combined unit are respectively arranged into two rows along the first direction and the second direction;

wherein, the clearance of each combination unit is provided with at least one fastener correspondingly.

4. The actuator of claim 3, wherein the actuator comprises a plurality of actuators,

the distance between the fastener and each of the first power elements within the corresponding combination unit is less than a first threshold; wherein the first threshold is 13-22mm.

5. The actuator of claim 3 or 4, wherein,

the gap of each combined unit is correspondingly provided with one fastening piece, and the orthographic projection of the fastening piece on the base plate is positioned in the central area of the combined unit.

6. The actuator of claim 4, wherein the actuator comprises a plurality of actuators,

further comprises: the at least one second power element is arranged on one side of the substrate, which is away from the heat dissipation assembly, and is positioned at the periphery of the plurality of first power elements;

the number of the fasteners is multiple, and at least one fastener is arranged on the periphery of the second power element.

7. The actuator of claim 6, wherein the actuator comprises a plurality of actuators,

the heating rate of the second power element is smaller than that of the first power element, and the distance between the second power element and the corresponding fastener is larger than or equal to that between the first power element and the corresponding fastener.

8. The actuator of claim 7, wherein the actuator is configured to move the actuator from the first position to the second position,

the distance between the second power element and the corresponding fastener is less than a second threshold; wherein the second threshold is 18-27mm.

9. The driver of claim 1, wherein the fastener comprises:

the metal screw rod and the insulating sleeve sleeved on the periphery of the metal screw rod.

10. An electric machine comprising a drive as claimed in any one of claims 1-9.

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