CN218997353U - High activity composite particle generator and device - Google Patents
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- CN218997353U CN218997353U CN202223115785.6U CN202223115785U CN218997353U CN 218997353 U CN218997353 U CN 218997353U CN 202223115785 U CN202223115785 U CN 202223115785U CN 218997353 U CN218997353 U CN 218997353U
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及净水、除醛去臭、消杀防疫及生物医疗领域,具体涉及高活性复合粒子发生器及装置。The utility model relates to the fields of water purification, aldehyde removal and deodorization, disinfection and epidemic prevention, and biomedicine, in particular to a high-activity composite particle generator and a device.
背景技术Background technique
由于复合粒子具有生物活性、粒径小、渗透能力强、性能稳定、高效杀菌消毒、快速除异味等诸多优点,复合粒子技术越来越被人们关注。既有的复合粒子发生器或装置(如比较例1:申请号CN201710238050.7),仍存在以下不足:Because composite particles have many advantages such as biological activity, small particle size, strong penetration ability, stable performance, high-efficiency sterilization and rapid deodorization, etc., composite particle technology has attracted more and more attention. The existing composite particle generator or device (such as comparative example 1: application number CN201710238050.7) still has the following deficiencies:
(1)电极易腐蚀:电极(放电电极或对置电极)裸露在外界环境中,易被放电产生的高活性含氧自由基氧化而腐蚀、老化,影响放电的稳定性,降低复合粒子发生器的使用寿命和复合粒子的剂量。(1) The electrode is easy to corrode: the electrode (discharge electrode or counter electrode) is exposed to the external environment, and is easily oxidized and corroded by the highly active oxygen-containing free radicals generated by the discharge, which affects the stability of the discharge and reduces the occurrence of composite particles. The service life of the device and the dosage of composite particles.
(2)易受周围环境条件的影响:特别是易受温度和湿度的影响,比如在干燥的空气中,复合粒子的剂量会减少,也不适用于高湿度环境和水中,会导致放电终止而不能产生复合粒子。(2) Susceptible to the influence of surrounding environmental conditions: especially susceptible to the influence of temperature and humidity, such as in dry air, the dose of composite particles will be reduced, and it is not suitable for high humidity environments and water, which will cause discharge termination and Composite particles cannot be generated.
(3)复合粒子的剂量和活性有待提高:电极(放电电极或对置电极)裸露在外界环境中,电极易氧化腐蚀,考虑到安全等因素,也不能加载高能量的电源,导致复合粒子的剂量和活性会受到限制。(3) The dose and activity of composite particles need to be improved: the electrodes (discharge electrodes or counter electrodes) are exposed to the external environment, and the electrodes are prone to oxidation and corrosion. Considering factors such as safety, high-energy power sources cannot be loaded, resulting in composite particles Dosage and activity are limited.
有鉴于此,本实用新型提供一种高活性复合粒子发生器及装置可全面解决以上的问题,结构紧凑,安全可靠,可适用于高湿度环境和水中工作,稳定高效地制造大剂量、高活性的复合粒子。In view of this, the utility model provides a high-activity composite particle generator and device that can comprehensively solve the above problems. It has a compact structure, is safe and reliable, and is suitable for working in high-humidity environments and water, and can manufacture large-dose, high-activity particles stably and efficiently. composite particles.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供高活性复合粒子发生器及装置。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-activity composite particle generator and a device for the deficiencies of the prior art.
为了解决上述技术问题,采用如下技术方案:In order to solve the above technical problems, the following technical solutions are adopted:
高活性复合粒子发生器,包括成对的电极元件和高压电源,其特征在于:所述电极元件包括第一电极元件和第二电极元件,The high-activity composite particle generator includes a pair of electrode elements and a high-voltage power supply, and is characterized in that: the electrode elements include a first electrode element and a second electrode element,
第一电极元件包括管状电介质和第一放电电极,The first electrode element comprises a tubular dielectric and a first discharge electrode,
所述管状电介质为绝缘体,且所述管状电介质设有中空的内腔;The tubular dielectric is an insulator, and the tubular dielectric is provided with a hollow lumen;
所述第一放电电极由在所述管状电介质的内腔填充的部分构成,且所述第一放电电极与所述管状电介质的内表面紧密接触,所述第一放电电极与紧密接触的所述管状电介质的内表面所围成的内腔部分为等势体;The first discharge electrode is composed of a part filled in the inner cavity of the tubular dielectric, and the first discharge electrode is in close contact with the inner surface of the tubular dielectric, and the first discharge electrode is in close contact with the inner surface of the tubular dielectric. The inner cavity surrounded by the inner surface of the tubular dielectric is an equipotential body;
第二电极元件设有第二放电电极;The second electrode element is provided with a second discharge electrode;
所述第一电极元件和第二电极元件对置设置,以使得所述第一放电电极和第二放电电极并行,且第一电极元件和第二电极元件相互接触或靠近,以在电子雪崩效应或静电雾化作用下,形成大量带电粒子、含氧自由基和含氮自由基中的至少一种纳米粒径的高活性复合粒子;The first electrode element and the second electrode element are arranged opposite to each other, so that the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode are parallel, and the first electrode element and the second electrode element are in contact with each other or close to each other, so as to prevent the electron avalanche effect Or under the action of electrostatic atomization, form a large number of charged particles, oxygen-containing free radicals and nitrogen-containing free radicals at least one kind of highly active composite particles with nanometer particle size;
所述高压电源的一端电连接所述第一放电电极,所述高压电源的另一端电连接所述第二放电电极。One end of the high voltage power supply is electrically connected to the first discharge electrode, and the other end of the high voltage power supply is electrically connected to the second discharge electrode.
进一步,所述第一电极元件的结构和第二电极元件的结构相同。Further, the structure of the first electrode element is the same as that of the second electrode element.
进一步,所述第二放电电极为棒形、条形、叶轮形、平面形、网格形或导电图案。Further, the second discharge electrode is in the shape of a rod, a strip, an impeller, a plane, a grid or a conductive pattern.
进一步,所述第二电极元件还包括基板,所述基板的一侧覆设有导电图案构成的所述第二放电电极。Further, the second electrode element further includes a substrate, and one side of the substrate is covered with the second discharge electrode formed of a conductive pattern.
进一步,所述第二电极元件还包括电介质层,所述电介质层完全覆盖所述第二放电电极,使得所述第二放电电极覆设于所述电介质层和所述基板之间。Further, the second electrode element further includes a dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer completely covers the second discharge electrode, so that the second discharge electrode is covered between the dielectric layer and the substrate.
进一步,所述第二电极元件设置于所述管状电介质的外表面。Further, the second electrode element is arranged on the outer surface of the tubular dielectric.
进一步,所述第二放电电极为螺旋形、条形、网格形、叶轮形或带有镂空区域的导电图案。Further, the second discharge electrode is in the shape of a spiral, a strip, a grid, an impeller or a conductive pattern with a hollow area.
进一步,所述第二放电电极通过缠绕、黏结或电镀的方式覆设于所述管状电介质的外表面。Further, the second discharge electrode is coated on the outer surface of the tubular dielectric by winding, bonding or electroplating.
进一步,所述第二电极元件还包括电介质层,所述电介质层完全覆盖所述第二放电电极,使得所述第二放电电极被绝缘封装。Further, the second electrode element further includes a dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer completely covers the second discharge electrode, so that the second discharge electrode is insulated and encapsulated.
进一步,所述内腔的一端被密封,所述内腔的另一端设有开口,所述开口上设有封装件;Further, one end of the inner cavity is sealed, the other end of the inner cavity is provided with an opening, and a package is provided on the opening;
或者所述内腔的两端均设有开口,所述开口上设有封装件,通过所述封装件密封所述内腔的两端。Alternatively, both ends of the inner cavity are provided with openings, and a package is provided on the opening, and the two ends of the inner cavity are sealed by the package.
进一步,所述封装件包括第一封装件和第二封装件,所述第一封装件设置于所述内腔的一端,所述第二封装件设置于所述内腔的另一端。Further, the package includes a first package and a second package, the first package is arranged at one end of the inner cavity, and the second package is arranged at the other end of the inner cavity.
进一步,所述第一封装件或第二封装件为管状电介质的一部分,且所述第一封装件和管状电介质一体化成型构成,或者所述第二封装件和管状电介质一体化成型构成。Further, the first package or the second package is a part of the tubular dielectric, and the first package and the tubular dielectric are integrally formed, or the second package and the tubular dielectric are integrally formed.
进一步,所述第一封装件或第二封装件为独立的绝缘体,且所述第一封装件或第二封装件用以封装管状电介质的一端、放电电极和高压电源线的电连接部。Further, the first package or the second package is an independent insulator, and the first package or the second package is used to package one end of the tubular dielectric, the discharge electrode and the electrical connection part of the high-voltage power line.
进一步,所述管状电介质中靠近其中封装件的一侧设有介质段,所述介质段由气体电介质构成。Further, a dielectric section is provided on a side of the tubular dielectric close to the package, and the dielectric section is composed of a gaseous dielectric.
高活性复合粒子发生装置,包括如上述的高活性复合粒子发生器,以及还包括动力单元、传感器单元和电路单元,A high-activity composite particle generating device, including the above-mentioned high-activity composite particle generator, and also includes a power unit, a sensor unit and a circuit unit,
所述动力单元用于为工作介质或复合粒子的流动提供动力,以产生流体;The power unit is used to provide power for the flow of working medium or composite particles to generate fluid;
所述传感器单元用于对所述高活性复合粒子发生器的工作状态及流体状况进行监控;The sensor unit is used to monitor the working state and fluid condition of the high-activity composite particle generator;
所述电路单元用于对所述高活性复合粒子发生器、所述动力单元以及所述传感器单元进行电力供给和动作控制。The circuit unit is used for power supply and action control of the high activity composite particle generator, the power unit and the sensor unit.
进一步,还包括紫外线照射单元,所述紫外线照射单元用于向所述高活性复合粒子发生器照射紫外线。Further, an ultraviolet irradiation unit is included for irradiating ultraviolet rays to the high activity composite particle generator.
进一步,还包括催化剂单元,所述催化剂单元由过渡金属、稀有金属或稀土金属及其氧化物中的一种或多种构成,沿空气流方向,所述催化剂单元设置于所述高活性复合粒子发生器的下游,使得形成的高活性复合粒子全部或部分通过所述催化剂单元。Further, it also includes a catalyst unit, the catalyst unit is composed of one or more of transition metals, rare metals or rare earth metals and their oxides, and the catalyst unit is arranged on the high-activity composite particles along the direction of air flow Downstream of the generator so that all or part of the formed highly active composite particles pass through the catalyst unit.
由于采用上述技术方案,具有以下有益效果:Owing to adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, have following beneficial effect:
本实用新型为高活性复合粒子发生器及装置,利用高介电常数的管状电介质密接覆盖新型电极材料(纤维成型体、多孔介质、弹性材料或液体),以在管状电介质内腔形成一个大致的等势体,保护放电电极,消除管状电介质内腔的有害放电,提高能源利用效率和环境适应性,该高活性复合粒子发生器结构稳固、尺寸小、耗电低、安全高效,可应用于多种应用场景。The utility model is a high-activity composite particle generator and device, which utilizes a tubular dielectric with a high dielectric constant to closely cover a new type of electrode material (fiber molding, porous medium, elastic material or liquid) to form a roughly The equipotential body protects the discharge electrode, eliminates harmful discharge in the inner cavity of the tubular dielectric, and improves energy utilization efficiency and environmental adaptability. The high-activity composite particle generator has a stable structure, small size, low power consumption, safety and high efficiency, and can be applied to many application scenarios.
由于采用上述新型的放电电极材料,所述放电电极可一体化成型,以整体式装入所述管状电介质中空的内腔,也可为颗粒状、胶囊状(电极材料封装在弹性或多孔的壳体材料中)或粉末状,以分体式逐步填装入所述管状电介质中空的内腔。不管是整体式还是分体式填装方式,均可排出或吸附管状电介质内腔中的空气、有机气体等,可在常温下实现放电电极的顺利填充,实现与管状电介质内腔壁贴合,防止管状电介质内部的绝缘破坏。同时,利用纤维成型体、多孔介质、弹性材料或液体的表面特征(存在大量的纤毛、刺突或凸起)、弹性形变或流动性,在不破坏内腔表面特征或绝缘特性的情况下,易实现与管状电介质的密切接触,以在管状电介质内腔形成一个等势体,防止管状电介质内腔的内部放电,保障介质阻挡放电的稳定性,提高高活性复合粒子的剂量和能源利用效率。此外,在管状电介质工作期间产生的升温传递至放电电极,因热膨胀效应,新型电极材料自体膨胀后更加贴合管状电介质的内腔壁,进一步保障介质阻挡放电的稳定性。此外,采用该新型的放电电极材料,易实现放电电极与高压电源的电连接(可采用直接插入等方式),避免了软钎焊等较难的加工工艺,提高了制品的成品率和品质。Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned novel discharge electrode material, the discharge electrode can be integrally molded and packed into the hollow inner cavity of the tubular dielectric as a whole, or it can be granular or capsule-shaped (the electrode material is encapsulated in an elastic or porous shell Bulk material) or powder, gradually filled into the hollow cavity of the tubular dielectric in a split manner. Regardless of the integral or split filling method, it can discharge or absorb the air and organic gas in the inner cavity of the tubular dielectric, and can realize the smooth filling of the discharge electrode at room temperature, and realize the bonding with the inner cavity wall of the tubular dielectric to prevent Insulation breakdown inside a tubular dielectric. At the same time, using the surface characteristics of fiber moldings, porous media, elastic materials or liquids (there are a large number of cilia, spikes or protrusions), elastic deformation or fluidity, without destroying the surface characteristics or insulating properties of the inner cavity, It is easy to achieve close contact with the tubular dielectric to form an equipotential body in the inner cavity of the tubular dielectric, prevent the internal discharge of the inner cavity of the tubular dielectric, ensure the stability of the dielectric barrier discharge, and improve the dosage and energy utilization efficiency of highly active composite particles. In addition, the temperature rise generated during the operation of the tubular dielectric is transmitted to the discharge electrode. Due to the thermal expansion effect, the new electrode material self-expands and fits the inner wall of the tubular dielectric more closely, further ensuring the stability of the dielectric barrier discharge. In addition, the use of this new discharge electrode material can easily realize the electrical connection between the discharge electrode and the high-voltage power supply (direct insertion and other methods can be used), avoiding difficult processing techniques such as soldering, and improving the yield and quality of products.
所述放电电极掺杂有过渡金属、稀有金属或稀土金属及其氧化物中的一种或多种,以催化分解管状电介质内腔残留的有机气体、含氧自由等,保护放电电极,同时保障介质阻挡放电的稳定性。The discharge electrode is doped with one or more of transition metals, rare metals or rare earth metals and their oxides to catalyze and decompose the residual organic gas and oxygen-containing freedom in the inner cavity of the tubular dielectric to protect the discharge electrode while ensuring Dielectric barrier discharge stability.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步说明:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described:
图1是根据本实用新型实施例1的高活性复合粒子发生器的示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high activity composite particle generator according to Example 1 of the present utility model.
图2是根据本实用新型实施例1的电极元件的剖面示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrode element according to
图3是根据本实用新型实施例2的高活性复合粒子发生器示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a high-activity composite particle generator according to Example 2 of the present utility model.
图4是根据本实用新型实施例3的高活性复合粒子发生器示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a high-activity composite particle generator according to Example 3 of the present invention.
图5是根据本实用新型实施例4的高活性复合粒子发生器示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a high-activity composite particle generator according to
图6是根据本实用新型实施例5的高活性复合粒子发生器示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a high-activity composite particle generator according to
图7是根据本实用新型实施例6的高活性复合粒子发生器示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a high-activity composite particle generator according to Embodiment 6 of the present utility model.
图8是根据本实用新型实施例6的第一电极元件的剖面示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first electrode element according to Embodiment 6 of the present utility model.
图9是根据本实用新型实施例与对比例的发生器连续工作的管状电介质温度示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the temperature of the tubular dielectric in continuous operation of the generator according to the embodiment of the utility model and the comparative example.
图10是根据本实用新型实施例的高活性复合粒子发生装置的示意图。Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a high-activity composite particle generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图中:1、第一电极元件,11、管状电介质,12、第一封装件,13、第二封装件,15、第二放电电极的镂空区域,2、第一放电电极,3、介质段,4、高压电源,41、第一高压电源线,42、第二高压电源线,5、第二电极元件,51、第二放电电极,52、基板,53、电介质层。In the figure: 1. The first electrode element, 11. The tubular dielectric, 12. The first package, 13. The second package, 15. The hollow area of the second discharge electrode, 2. The first discharge electrode, 3. The dielectric segment , 4, high voltage power supply, 41, first high voltage power supply line, 42, second high voltage power supply line, 5, second electrode element, 51, second discharge electrode, 52, substrate, 53, dielectric layer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本实用新型的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明了,下面通过附图及实施例,对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。但是应该理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本实用新型,并不用于限制本实用新型的范围。此外,在以下说明中,省略了对公知结构和技术的描述,以避免不必要地混淆本实用新型的概念。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail through the accompanying drawings and embodiments below. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concept of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
如图1至图2所示,高活性复合粒子发生器,其主要部件包括:成对的电极元件、介质段3和高压电源4。所述电极元件包括第一电极元件1和第二电极元件5,第一电极元件1包括管状电介质11和第一放电电极2,As shown in Figures 1 to 2, the main components of the high-activity composite particle generator include: a pair of electrode elements, a
作为本实用新型实施例的进一步说明,所述管状电介质11为绝缘体,且所述管状电介质11设有中空的内腔。As a further description of the embodiment of the present invention, the
具体的,所述管状电介质11的两端被密封,一方面可防止外界的工作介质或异物进入内腔,影响放电的稳定性,另一方面可强化绝缘,提高安全性,防止从管状电介质11的两端放电或漏电(如电弧放电或辉光放电),影响复合粒子的产生。Specifically, the two ends of the
具体的,所述第一放电电极2由在所述管状电介质11的内腔填充的部分构成,且所述第一放电电极2与所述管状电介质11的内表面紧密接触,所述第一放电电极2与紧密接触的所述管状电介质11的内表面所围成的内腔部分为等势体(即任意两点的电势差为零)。Specifically, the
具体的,第二电极元件5设有第二放电电极51,且所述第一电极元件1的结构和第二电极元件5的结构相同。Specifically, the
具体的,所述第一电极元件1和第二电极元件5对置设置,以使得所述第一放电电极2和第二放电电极51并行,且第一电极元件1和第二电极元件5相互接触或靠近,以在电子雪崩效应或静电雾化作用下,形成大量带电粒子、含氧自由基和含氮自由基中的至少一种纳米粒径的高活性复合粒子。Specifically, the
具体的,在本实施例中,参看图1,为了优化第一电极元件1和第二电极元件5的设置方式,将第一电极元件1和第二电极元件5平行地对置设置,且第一电极元件1和第二电极元件5相互接触或靠近,以在电子雪崩效应或静电雾化作用下,形成大量带电粒子、含氧自由基和含氮自由基中的至少一种纳米粒径的高活性复合粒子。Specifically, in this embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 , in order to optimize the arrangement of the
具体的,所述高压电源4的一端电连接所述第一放电电极2,所述高压电源的另一端电连接所述第二放电电极51,以在第一放电电极2和第二放电电极51之间施加高压电场,进而在管状电介质11对之间相接触或靠近的区域,形成稳定、均匀的介质阻挡放电,以使得管状电介质11对之间的工作介质在电子雪崩效应或静电雾化作用下,形成大量带电粒子、含氧自由基和含氮自由基中的至少一种纳米粒径的高活性复合粒子。具体的,高压电源4的两端分别电连接有第一高压电源线41和第二高压电源线42,所述第一高压电源线41连接于所述电极元件的一端、所述第二高压电源线42连接于所述电极元件的另一端。Specifically, one end of the high-
作为本实用新型实施例的进一步说明,所述管状电介质11由高介电常数的材料构成,优选陶瓷、玻璃、树脂等,以增加安全性和放电的稳定性,特别是在高湿度环境和水中。As a further description of the embodiment of the present invention, the
作为本实用新型实施例的进一步说明,所述内腔的一端被密封,所述内腔的另一端设有开口,所述开口上设有封装件。As a further description of the embodiment of the present invention, one end of the inner cavity is sealed, and the other end of the inner cavity is provided with an opening, and a package is provided on the opening.
或者所述内腔的两端均设有开口,所述开口上设有封装件,通过所述封装件密封所述内腔的两端。所述封装件包括第一封装件12和第二封装件13,所述第一封装件12设置于所述内腔的一端,所述第二封装件13设置于所述内腔的另一端。Alternatively, both ends of the inner cavity are provided with openings, and a package is provided on the opening, and the two ends of the inner cavity are sealed by the package. The package includes a
具体的,所述第一封装件12或第二封装件13为管状电介质11的一部分,且所述第一封装件12和管状电介质11一体化成型构成,或者所述第二封装件13和管状电介质11一体化成型构成,也可为不同的电介质,如环氧树脂等。Specifically, the
具体的,所述第一封装件12或第二封装件13为独立的绝缘体,且所述第一封装件12或第二封装件13用以封装管状电介质11的一端,放电电极和高压电源线的电连接部。Specifically, the
上述的结构在使用时,所述管状电介质11的两端会被密封,一方面可防止外界的工作介质或异物进入内腔,影响放电的稳定性,另一方面可强化绝缘,提高安全性,防止从管状电介质11的两端放电或漏电(如电弧放电或辉光放电),影响复合粒子的产生。When the above-mentioned structure is in use, both ends of the
作为本实用新型实施例的进一步说明,所述管状电介质11中靠近其中封装件的一侧设有介质段3,所述介质段3由气体电介质构成,优选为空气或稀有气体。一方面可以用于强化封装件一侧的绝缘性能,另一方面,可以通过调节其设置的长度来调节所述第一放电电极2或第二放电电极51的长度或面积,进而调节介质阻挡放电区域的长度或面积,以调节高活性复合粒子的发生剂量。As a further description of the embodiment of the present invention, a
作为本实用新型实施例的进一步说明,所述第一放电电极2为纤维成型体、多孔介质、弹性材料、液体中的一种或多种材料构成。As a further description of the embodiment of the present utility model, the
具体的,所述第一放电电极2为纤维成型体,由多根/束有机和/或无机纤维构成的导体或半导体材料,如陶瓷纤维、玻璃纤维、聚酯纤维、尼龙纤维、碳纳米管、碳纤维等成型体。Specifically, the
所述第一放电电极2为多孔介质,由多孔的有机和/或无机材料构成的导体或半导体材料,如氧化铝、氧化钛、碲化铋、碳纳米管等。The
所述第一放电电极2为弹性材料,优选导体或半导体有机材料,如尼龙、聚氨酯等。The
所述第一放电电极2为液体,优选溶解有电解质的水溶液,如生理盐水等。The
由于采用上述新型电极材料,所述第一放电电极2或第二放电电极51可一体化成型,以整体式装入所述管状电介质11中空的内腔,也可为颗粒状、胶囊状(电极材料封装在弹性或多孔的壳体材料中)或粉末状,以分体式逐步填装入所述管状电介质11中空的内腔。不管是整体式还是分体式填装方式,均可排出或吸附管状电介质11内腔中的空气、有机气体等,可在常温下实现放电电极的顺利填充,实现与管状电介质11内腔壁贴合,防止管状电介质11内部的绝缘破坏。同时,利用纤维成型体、多孔介质、弹性材料或液体的表面特征(存在大量的纤毛、刺突或凸起)、弹性形变或流动性,在不破坏内腔表面特征或绝缘特性的情况下,易实现与管状电介质11的密切接触,以在管状电介质11内腔形成一个大致的等势体,防止管状电介质11的内部放电,保障介质阻挡放电的稳定性,提高高活性复合粒子的剂量和能源利用效率。此外,在管状电介质11工作期间产生的升温传递至放电电极,因热膨胀效应,新型电极材料自体膨胀后更加贴合管状电介质11的内腔壁,进一步保障介质阻挡放电的稳定性。此外,采用该新型电极材料,易实现放电电极与高压电源4的电连接(可采用直接插入等方式),避免了软钎焊等较难的加工工艺,提高了制品的成品率和品质。Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned novel electrode material, the
具体的,所述第一放电电极2或第二放电电极51掺杂有过渡金属、稀有金属或稀土金属及其氧化物中的一种或多种,如铂金、铑、钯、锰基催化剂等,以催化分解管状电介质11内腔残留的有机气体、含氧自由等,保护放电电极,同时保障介质阻挡放电的稳定性。Specifically, the
实施例2Example 2
如图3所示,所述管状电介质11内腔不再设置介质段3,填充满所述放电电极,以增加放电电极对之间的重叠面积,增加均匀放电的区域,进而提高高活性复合粒子的发生剂量,高活性复合粒子的发生剂量可提高35%以上。同时,由于所述第一封装件12或第二封装件13所在一端的放电电极对的爬电距离很近,所述第一封装件12或第二封装件13需采用高介电常数的电介质材料,如玻璃、环氧树脂等,以强化该侧的绝缘性。As shown in Figure 3, the inner cavity of the
其他特征与实施例1相同。Other features are the same as in Example 1.
实施例3Example 3
如图4所示,在实施例1的基础上,保持第一电极元件1的结构不变,对第二电极元件55的结构进行改进。As shown in FIG. 4 , on the basis of
具体的,第二电极元件55设有第二放电电极51,所述第二放电电极51的长度或宽度尺寸大于其厚度尺寸,以增大散热面积和散热量,维持放电的稳定,增加高活性复合粒子的发生量。Specifically, the second electrode element 55 is provided with a
第一电极元件11和第二电极元件55对置设置,以使得所述第一放电电极22和第二放电电极51并行,且第一电极元件11和第二电极元件55相互接触或靠近,以在电子雪崩效应或静电雾化作用下,形成大量带电粒子、含氧自由基和含氮自由基中的至少一种纳米粒径的高活性复合粒子。The
具体的,在本实施例中,参看图4,为了优化第一电极元件1和第二电极元件55的设置方式,第一电极元件1和第二电极元件55对置设置,且所述第一放电电极22和第二放电电极51平行设置,且第一电极元件1和第二电极元件55相互接触或靠近,以在电子雪崩效应或静电雾化作用下,形成大量带电粒子、含氧自由基和含氮自由基中的至少一种纳米粒径的高活性复合粒子。Specifically, in this embodiment, referring to FIG. 4 , in order to optimize the arrangement of the
作为本实用新型实施例的进一步说明,所述第二放电电极51为棒形、条形、叶轮形、平面形、网格形或导电图案。一方面可增大散热面积和散热量,维持放电的稳定,增加高活性复合粒子的发生量,另一方面方便与高压电源4的电连接(如焊接等)。As a further description of the embodiment of the present invention, the
作为本实用新型实施例的进一步说明,所述第一放电电极22为纤维成型体、多孔介质、弹性材料、液体中的一种或多种。As a further description of the embodiment of the present utility model, the first discharge electrode 22 is one or more of a fiber molded body, a porous medium, an elastic material, and a liquid.
实施例4Example 4
如图5所示,所述第二电极元件55还包括基板52,所述基板52的一侧覆设有各种导电图案(如叶轮形、平面形、网格形、花纹形等)构成的所述第二放电电极51,所述基板52由高导热性能的材料构成,如陶瓷、PCB板、铝基板等,以强化第二放电电极51的散热效果。As shown in Figure 5, the second electrode element 55 also includes a
其他特征与实施例3相同。Other features are the same as in Example 3.
实施例5Example 5
如图6所示,所述第二电极元件55还包括电介质层53,所述电介质层53由高介电常数的材料构成,如陶瓷、环氧树脂等,并完全覆盖所述第二放电电极51,使得所述第二放电电极51覆设于所述电介质层53和所述基板52之间,以强化第二放电电极51一侧的电绝缘性,保护第二放电电极51,防止其腐蚀老化,而且可增加介质阻挡放电的稳定性。As shown in Figure 6, the second electrode element 55 also includes a
其他特征与实施例4相同。Other features are the same as in
实施例6Example 6
如图7和图8所示,在实施例1的基础上,保持第一电极元件1的结构不变,对第二电极元件55的结构进行改进。As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , on the basis of
具体的,所述第二电极元件514设置于所述管状电介质11的外表面,且所述第二电极元件514设有第二放电电极51,所述第二放电电极51的长度或宽度尺寸大于其厚度尺寸,以增大散热面积和散热量,维持放电的稳定,增加高活性复合粒子的发生量。Specifically, the second electrode element 514 is arranged on the outer surface of the
第一电极元件1和第二电极元件514对置设置,以使得所述第一放电电极22和第二放电电极51并行,且第一电极元件1和第二电极元件514相互接触或靠近,以在电子雪崩效应或静电雾化作用下,形成大量带电粒子、含氧自由基和含氮自由基中的至少一种纳米粒径的高活性复合粒子。The
具体的,在本实施例中,参看图7,为了优化第一电极元件1和第二电极元件514的设置方式,第一电极元件1和第二电极元件514对置设置,且所述第一放电电极22和第二放电电极51平行设置,且第一电极元件1和第二电极元件514相互接触或靠近,以在电子雪崩效应或静电雾化作用下,形成大量带电粒子、含氧自由基和含氮自由基中的至少一种纳米粒径的高活性复合粒子。Specifically, in this embodiment, referring to FIG. 7, in order to optimize the arrangement of the
作为本实用新型实施例的进一步说明,所述第二放电电极51为螺旋形、条形、网格形、叶轮形或带有镂空区域的导电图案。该镂空区域为第二放电电极的镂空区域15,以增加工作介质在管状电介质11和第二放电电极51之间存在和接触。一方面可增大散热面积和散热量,维持放电的稳定,增加高活性复合粒子的发生量,另一方面方便与高压电源4的电连接(如焊接等)。As a further description of the embodiment of the present invention, the
作为本实用新型实施例的进一步说明,所述第二放电电极51通过缠绕、黏结或电镀的方式覆设于所述管状电介质11的外表面。As a further description of the embodiment of the present invention, the
作为本实用新型实施例的进一步说明,所述第二电极元件514还包括电介质层(图中未示出),所述电介质层完全覆盖所述第二放电电极51,使得所述第二放电电极51被绝缘封装,保护第二放电电极51,防止其腐蚀老化,而且可增加介质阻挡放电的稳定性。As a further description of the embodiment of the present invention, the second electrode element 514 also includes a dielectric layer (not shown in the figure), and the dielectric layer completely covers the
参看图9和图10,一种高活性复合粒子发生装置,具备:前述上述实施例1或实施例2的高活性复合粒子发生器。以及还包括动力单元、传感器单元、电路单元、紫外线照射单元和催化剂单元。Referring to Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, a high-activity composite particle generating device includes: the high-activity composite particle generator of the above-mentioned
具体的,动力单元,如鼓风机、水泵、压缩气体等,用于为工作介质或复合粒子的流动提供动力,以产生流体。Specifically, the power unit, such as blower, water pump, compressed gas, etc., is used to provide power for the flow of working medium or composite particles to generate fluid.
具体的,传感器单元用于对所述高活性复合粒子发生器的工作状态(包括复合粒子的浓度、组分、活性,副产物状况,以及工作温度、电流、电压等参数)及周围流体状况(包括组分、温度、湿度、流速压力等参数)进行监控。Specifically, the sensor unit is used to monitor the working state of the high-activity composite particle generator (including the concentration, composition, activity, by-product status of composite particles, and parameters such as operating temperature, current, and voltage) and the surrounding fluid conditions ( Including components, temperature, humidity, flow rate, pressure and other parameters) for monitoring.
具体的,电路单元用于对所述高活性复合粒子发生器、所述动力单元以及所述传感器单元进行电力供给和动作控制。Specifically, the circuit unit is used for power supply and action control of the high-activity composite particle generator, the power unit and the sensor unit.
具体的,所述紫外线照射单元用于向所述高活性复合粒子发生器照射紫外线(如LED-UV灯等),利用紫外光的高能量,打开低活性(氧化还原电位低)的自由基或粒子的化学键,形成高活性(氧化还原电位高)的自由基或粒子,提高复合粒子的剂量和活性,经此设置该发生装置产生的复合粒子的剂量和活性可提高20%左右。Specifically, the ultraviolet irradiation unit is used to irradiate ultraviolet rays (such as LED-UV lamps, etc.) to the high-activity composite particle generator, and use the high energy of ultraviolet light to open free radicals or The chemical bonds of the particles form highly active (high redox potential) free radicals or particles, which increase the dosage and activity of the composite particles. The dosage and activity of the composite particles produced by the generating device can be increased by about 20%.
具体的,所述催化剂单元由过渡金属、稀有金属或稀土金属及其氧化物中的一种或多种构成,如铂金、铑、钯、锰基催化剂等,沿空气流方向,其设置于所述高活性复合粒子发生器的下游,使得形成的高活性复合粒子全部或部分通过所述催化剂单元。催化剂单元的存在,一方面可增加高活性复合粒子与处理对象的接触面积和反应时间,另一方面可把低活性的复合粒子催化生成高活性的复合粒子,进一步提高复合粒子的剂量和活性,经此设置该发生装置产生的复合粒子的剂量和活性可提高30%左右,大大提高其处理能力,同时可减少副产物(如臭氧、二氧化氮等)。Specifically, the catalyst unit is composed of one or more of transition metals, rare metals or rare earth metals and their oxides, such as platinum, rhodium, palladium, manganese-based catalysts, etc. The downstream of the high-activity composite particle generator, so that all or part of the formed high-activity composite particles pass through the catalyst unit. The existence of the catalyst unit can increase the contact area and reaction time between the high-activity composite particles and the treatment object on the one hand, and on the other hand, can catalyze the low-activity composite particles into high-activity composite particles, further increasing the dosage and activity of the composite particles. The dose and activity of the composite particles produced by the generating device can be increased by about 30% by setting this, greatly improving its processing capacity, and reducing by-products (such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide, etc.) at the same time.
所述工作介质为水蒸汽、氢气、氧气、氮气、空气、稀有气体或药物中的一种或多种,根据不同的应用场景而选择不同的工作介质,以实现不同的作用效果。如工作介质为水蒸汽,在电子雪崩效应或静电雾化作用下,在产生带电粒子的同时,产生大量高活性的水合自由基(如羟基等)。如工作介质为氮气,在电子雪崩效应作用下,在产生带电粒子的同时,产生医疗剂量(如1-80ppm)的高活性含氮自由基(如NO等),可实现皮肤病治疗、呼吸道疾病(如慢阻肺、肺纤维化等)防治。如工作介质为稀有气体(如氩气等),在电子雪崩效应作用下,在产生高能带电粒子的同时,产生的高活性含氧自由基(如羟基等),可用于材料表面改性、纳米药生产、医疗美容、肿瘤辅助治疗等生物医疗领域。The working medium is one or more of water vapor, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, air, rare gas or medicine. Different working mediums are selected according to different application scenarios to achieve different effects. If the working medium is water vapor, under the electronic avalanche effect or electrostatic atomization, while generating charged particles, a large number of highly active hydrated free radicals (such as hydroxyl groups, etc.) are generated. If the working medium is nitrogen, under the action of the electron avalanche effect, while generating charged particles, a medical dose (such as 1-80ppm) of highly active nitrogen-containing free radicals (such as NO, etc.) can be generated, which can realize the treatment of skin diseases and respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, etc.) prevention and treatment. If the working medium is a rare gas (such as argon, etc.), under the action of the electron avalanche effect, while generating high-energy charged particles, the highly active oxygen-containing free radicals (such as hydroxyl, etc.) can be used for surface modification of materials, nano Pharmaceutical production, medical cosmetology, tumor adjuvant therapy and other biomedical fields.
既有技术方案中,除申请号CN201710238050.7记载的方案中放电电极(钛针)裸露在外界空气中(记为比较例1)外,或采用棒状导体(如钨丝等)插入管状电介质11的内腔形成的放电电极(记为比较例2),或采用在管状电介质11的内表面涂覆/电镀导电膜形成的放电电极(记为比较例3),或者采用在管状电介质11的内腔填充导电膏(如锡膏等)形成的放电电极(记为比较例4),本实用新型的实施例和比较例的管状电介质11均采用石英管(内径2mm、外径2.4mm),其他实验数据如表1和图9所示:In the existing technical scheme, except that the discharge electrode (titanium needle) in the scheme described in the application number CN201710238050.7 is exposed to the outside air (referred to as comparative example 1), or a rod-shaped conductor (such as tungsten wire, etc.) is inserted into the
表1.不同复合粒子发生器的实验数据表(环境温度为20℃,相对湿度为55%)Table 1. Experimental data table of different composite particle generators (environment temperature is 20°C, relative humidity is 55%)
由表1和图9可知:与比较例相比,本实用新型的实施例采用新型多孔电极材料构成的放电电极对被封装在管状电介质11,同时在管状电介质11内腔形成一个大致的等势体,防止管状电介质11的内部放电,保障介质阻挡放电的稳定性,大大提高高活性复合粒子的剂量和活性,复合粒子的释放量增加了0.62~22.7倍,复合粒子的活性(以消杀新冠病毒的效率来指示)增加了0.4~14倍。同时,放电电极的工作温度低,相比比较例2~4,放电电极的工作温度降低了42.2%以上,提高了能源利用效率,即使在高湿(如相对湿度>85%)或极低湿度(如相对湿度<15%)环境下,本实用新型的实施例仍能稳定工作,以持续稳定地获取复合粒子,几乎不受影响,增强了该装置的环境适应性,提高了制品的安全性和稳定性。比较例2中,放电电极与管状电介质11内表面之间存在空气间隙,该空气间隙中存在内部放电,导致大量发热,进而该发生器不能连续工作(连续工作20分钟左右会终止工作)。比较例3中,在管状电介质11的内表面涂覆/电镀导电膜形成的放电电极,管状电介质11中空的内腔存在大量空气,在导电膜形成的放电电极的边缘处存在内部放电,会导致内部发热,进而该发生器不能连续工作(连续工作30分钟左右会终止工作),而且涂覆/电镀导电膜的加工需要高温操作,易破坏管状电介质11的结构和绝缘特性,且涂覆/电镀导电膜随着其厚度增加导致气泡或空气段产生,从而破坏内部的等势体结构,理想状态下的无气泡或空气段的相对厚度的涂覆/电镀导电膜在现有加工工艺上难以实现。比较例4中,在管状电介质11的内腔填充导电膏(如锡膏等)形成的放电电极,在较小的管状电介质11中,很难填充充分或填满(制品的次品率远高于本实用新型的实施例),导致存在气泡或空气段,易产生内部放电,会导致内部大量发热,在高温热胀下,导电膏可能融化、流动,破坏内部的等势体,导致放电进一步恶化和不稳定,进而该发生器不能连续工作(连续工作25分钟左右会终止工作)。而本实用新型的实施例,由于采用多孔的成型体结构,在发生器工作时产生的升温,热胀会让放电电极与管状电介质11进一步紧密接触,放电更加稳定,可持续稳定地长期工作。It can be seen from Table 1 and Fig. 9 that: compared with the comparative example, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the discharge electrode pair composed of the new porous electrode material to be packaged in the
具体的,本实用新型的技术效果如下:Specifically, the technical effect of the utility model is as follows:
(1)增强了环境适应性、拓展了应用场景:新型电极材料构成的放电电极对被巧妙封装在管状电介质11,放电方式由比较例1的电晕放电(一般放电电流密度小、不均匀)转换成一种新型的介质阻挡放电(放电电流密度大、均匀稳定),不但适用于干燥的环境条件,而且适用于高湿度环境和水中工作,大大提高了其制品的环境适应性,拓展了应用场景。由于其可以产生较大电流密度的均匀放电,具有良好的生物安全性,特别是当采用稀有气体等特殊工作介质时,该制品还可用于材料表面改性、纳米药的制造、医疗美容、肿瘤辅助治疗等生物医疗领域。(1) Enhanced environmental adaptability and expanded application scenarios: The discharge electrode pair composed of new electrode materials is skillfully packaged in the
(2)大大提高了复合粒子的发生剂量和活性:若采用棒状导体(如铜丝、钨丝等)插入管状电介质11的内腔形成的放电电极(记为比较例2),需要管状电介质11的内径比棒状导体的外径大(否则棒状导体很难插入,也很难排走内腔中的空气和有机气体),从而放电电极与管状电介质11的内腔之间存在空气间隙,导致管状电介质11的内腔放电,带来放电电极氧化腐蚀、需要更高的高压电压、放电不稳定、发热量增加、额外的电力消耗等一系列的问题。本实用新型采用新型电极材料(纤维成型体、多孔介质、弹性材料或液体)和常温的封装填充方式,利用纤维成型体、多孔介质、弹性材料或液体的表面特征(存在大量的纤毛、刺突或凸起)、弹性形变或流动性,在不破坏管状电介质11内腔表面特征和绝缘特性的情况下,轻松实现与管状电介质11的密切接触式封装填充,以在管状电介质11内腔形成一个大致的等势体,防止管状电介质11的内部放电,保障介质阻挡放电的稳定性,提高高活性复合粒子的剂量和能源利用效率。同时,采用紫外线照射单元和催化剂单元,进一步提高复合粒子的发生剂量和活性,减少副产物,也增强了其生物安全性。(2) The generation dose and the activity of composite particles have been greatly improved: if the discharge electrode (referred to as comparative example 2) formed by inserting a rod-shaped conductor (such as copper wire, tungsten wire, etc.) into the inner cavity of the
(3)大大提高了制品的安全性和稳定性:本实用新型的制品,利用两端密封的高介电常数的管状电介质11覆盖封装放电电极对,保护放电电极,防止触电、漏电(如电弧放电、辉光放电等),同时在在管状电介质11内腔形成一个大致的等势体,消除管状电介质11内腔的内部放电,只在管状电介质11对之间相接触或靠近的区域,形成稳定、均匀的介质阻挡放电,工作温度低(为常温或接近常温),可持续稳定地制造高活性复合粒子。(3) The safety and stability of the product are greatly improved: the product of the present utility model utilizes the
以上仅为本实用新型的具体实施例,但本实用新型的技术特征并不局限于此。任何以本实用新型为基础,为解决基本相同的技术问题,实现基本相同的技术效果,所作出地简单变化、等同替换或者修饰等,皆涵盖于本实用新型的保护范围之中。The above are only specific embodiments of the utility model, but the technical features of the utility model are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent replacements or modifications based on the utility model to solve basically the same technical problems and achieve basically the same technical effects are covered by the protection scope of the utility model.
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