CN218975576U

CN218975576U - Single battery, battery pack and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN218975576U
Application number: CN202223610907.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭舒; 彭青波
Original assignee: BYD Co Ltd; Shenzhen BYD Auto R&D Co Ltd
Current assignee: BYD Co Ltd; Shenzhen BYD Auto R&D Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-30
Filing date: 2022-12-30
Publication date: 2023-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-30

Abstract

The utility model provides a single battery, a battery pack and a vehicle, wherein the single battery comprises: a housing defining an accommodation space therein; the battery cell comprises a body and a tab, wherein the outer surface of the body comprises a top surface, a bottom surface, two end surfaces and two side surfaces, the top surface and the bottom surface are distributed at intervals and are oppositely arranged, the two end surfaces and the two side surfaces are respectively positioned between the top surface and the bottom surface, the areas of the end surfaces and the side surfaces are smaller than the areas of the top surface and the bottom surface, and the end part of the tab is arranged on at least one end surface; and the heat conducting piece is at least partially filled between the shell and at least one of the side face and the end face, and at least one part of the heat conducting piece is in heat conducting contact with the tab and the shell respectively. The single battery can conduct heat near the position of the pole to the shell.

Description

Single battery, battery pack and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a single battery, a battery pack and a vehicle.

Background

The electric core in the battery pack in the prior art comprises an electric core body and a tab, and when the electric core is electrified, the heating value of the electric core is larger, and particularly, the heating value of the tab position is larger. The heat of the battery cell is concentrated inside the battery cell, which easily causes thermal runaway and is unfavorable for realizing rapid charging.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a new technical scheme of a single battery, which can solve the problems that in the prior art, heat of a battery cell is accumulated in the battery cell, thermal runaway is easy to cause, and quick charge is not easy to realize.

It is still another object of the present utility model to provide a battery pack including the above-described unit cells.

It is still another object of the present utility model to provide a vehicle including the above battery pack.

According to an object of the present utility model, there is provided a unit cell including: a housing defining an accommodation space therein; the battery cell comprises a body and a tab, wherein the outer surface of the body comprises a top surface, a bottom surface, two end surfaces and two side surfaces, the top surface and the bottom surface are distributed at intervals and are oppositely arranged, the two end surfaces and the two side surfaces are respectively positioned between the top surface and the bottom surface, the areas of the end surfaces and the side surfaces are smaller than the areas of the top surface and the bottom surface, and the end part of the tab is arranged on at least one end surface; and at least one part of the heat conducting piece is filled between the shell and at least one of the side face and the end face, and at least one part of the heat conducting piece is in heat conducting contact with the tab and the shell respectively.

Optionally, the heat conducting member includes: a first heat conduction part filled between the side part of the tab and the housing; and the second heat conduction part is filled between the side surface and the shell.

Optionally, the first heat conducting portion is in heat conducting connection with the second heat conducting portion.

Optionally, the heat conducting member is an integrally formed member.

Optionally, the heat conducting member is an insulating member.

Optionally, a portion of the thermally conductive member acts as a diaphragm in the body.

Optionally, a first gap between the side of the tab and the housing is equal to a second gap between the side of the body and the housing, and the heat conducting member is at least filled in the first gap.

Optionally, a first gap between the side of the tab and the housing is larger than a second gap between the side of the body and the housing, and the heat conducting member is at least filled in the first gap.

Optionally, the heat conducting piece is a pouring sealant or a phase change material piece.

Optionally, the housing comprises: a first case provided with a receiving groove having an open end for receiving the battery cell and filling the heat conductive member; and the second shell can be used for sealing the open end after the heat conducting piece is filled between the battery cell and the first shell, and the accommodating space is formed between the second shell and the first shell in a matching way.

According to still another object of the present utility model, there is provided a battery pack including any one of the above-described unit batteries.

According to still another object of the present utility model, there is provided a vehicle including the above-described battery pack.

According to the single battery, the heat conducting piece is filled in the accommodating space, so that heat at the lug position can be rapidly conducted to the shell position, the heat conducting capacity of the lug position with larger heat generation is improved, the temperature rise of the single battery in the charging and discharging process is reduced, the space occupied by the heat conducting piece can be reduced, and the possibility is provided for achieving rapid charging.

Other features of the present utility model and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the utility model, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the utility model.

Fig. 1 is a partial exploded view of a unit cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a unit cell according to still another embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a sectional view of a cell of a unit cell according to still another embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating an internal structure of a unit cell according to another embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals

A single battery 100;

a housing 10; a first housing 11; a second housing 12;

a cell 20; a body 21; a top surface 211; a bottom surface 212; an end face 213; a side 214; a tab 22; a positive electrode sheet 23; a diaphragm 24; a negative electrode tab 25;

a heat conductive member 30; a first heat conduction portion 31; a second heat conduction portion 32; a third heat conduction portion 33;

a first gap 40; a second gap 50.

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments of the present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present utility model unless it is specifically stated otherwise.

The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the utility model, its application, or uses.

Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.

In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

Hereinafter, a unit cell 100 according to an embodiment of the present utility model will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a unit cell 100 according to an embodiment of the present utility model includes a case 10, a battery cell 20, and a heat conductive member 30.

Specifically, an accommodating space is defined in the housing 10, the battery cell 20 includes a body 21 and a tab 22, the body 21 may be a pole core, the outer surface of the body 21 includes a top surface 211, a bottom surface 212, two end surfaces 213 and two side surfaces 214, the top surface 211 and the bottom surface 212 are distributed at intervals and are oppositely arranged, the two end surfaces 213 and the two side surfaces 214 are respectively located between the top surface 211 and the bottom surface 212, the areas of the end surfaces 213 and the side surfaces 214 are smaller than the areas of the top surface 211 and the bottom surface 212, the end of the tab 22 is located at least one end surface 213, at least one part of the heat conducting member 30 is filled between at least one of the side surfaces 214 and the end surfaces 213 and the housing 10, and at least one part of the heat conducting member 30 is respectively in heat conducting contact with the tab 22 and the housing 10.

In other words, the unit cell 100 according to the embodiment of the present utility model is mainly composed of the housing 10, the battery cell 20 and the heat conductive member 30, and the housing 10 may have a receiving space formed in the housing 10, thereby the housing 10 may have a receiving function. The battery cell 20 is accommodated in the accommodating space, and the battery cell 20 may include a body 21 and a tab 22 disposed on the body 21.

Specifically, the outer surface of the body 21 may be mainly formed of a top surface 211, a bottom surface 212, two end surfaces 213, and two side surfaces 214, and for convenience of explanation, the two end surfaces 213 are defined as a first end surface and a second end surface, and the two side surfaces 214 are defined as a first side surface and a second side surface. Wherein the top surface 211 is spaced apart from the bottom surface 212 by an opposing distribution, the first end surface is spaced apart from the second end surface by an opposing distribution, and the first side surface is spaced apart from the second side surface by an opposing distribution.

For example, the top surface 211 and the bottom surface 212 are spaced apart in the up-down direction, the first side surface and the second side surface are spaced apart in the front-back direction, and the first end surface and the second end surface are spaced apart in the left-right direction.

Wherein the areas of the first end face, the second end face, the first side face and the second side face are smaller than the areas of the top face 211 and the bottom face 212, that is, the first side face and the second side face may be defined as facets, respectively, and the top face 211 and the bottom face 212 may be defined as large faces, respectively.

The tabs 22 are disposed on at least one end surface 213, the number of the tabs 22 may be plural, the plurality of tabs 22 may include a positive tab and a negative tab, the positive tab and the negative tab may be disposed on one end surface 213, or the positive tab may be disposed on the first end surface, and the negative tab may be disposed on the second end surface. Alternatively, the pole core body 21 and the pole lug 22 in the single battery 100 are integrally cut and formed, the pole post and the like can be connected with the pole lug 22 by crimping or welding and the like, and the pole core and the pole post and the like of the pole lug 22 can be assembled to form an integral structure.

The heat conductive material is filled in the storage space, and at least a part of the heat conductive member 30 is filled between the battery cell 20 and the case 10. At least a part of the heat conducting member 30 is filled between at least one of the side surface 214 and the end surface 213 and the housing 10, and at least a part of the heat conducting member 30 is in heat conducting contact with the tab 22 and the housing 10, respectively. That is, the tab 22 may include two side portions and two end portions, wherein one end portion may be connected with the end surface 213, the other end portion may face the case 10, one side portion may be disposed opposite to the first side surface while being opposite to one inner wall surface of the case 10, and the other side portion may be disposed opposite to the second side surface while being opposite to the other inner wall surface of the case 10.

Therefore, the heat conducting material of the present utility model is mainly filled in the casing 10, and at least a portion of the heat conducting member 30 is filled in the casing 10 at a position corresponding to the tab 22, so that heat generated by the tab 22 and the post portion can be rapidly conducted out of the battery cell 20 through the heat conducting member 30, thereby accelerating heat conduction of the single battery 100.

That is, by filling at least a part of the heat conductive member 30 between the side portion of the tab 22 and the case 10, not only can heat in the vicinity of the tab 22 be timely transferred to the case 10 to realize the heat removal at the tab 22, and the tab 22 is cooled down in a targeted manner, but also the heat conductive member 30 is prevented from being mounted between the large surface and the case 10, so that the space between the large surface and the case 10 is prevented from being occupied, thereby avoiding an increase in cost, a reduction in the internal effective space of the battery cell 100, and an increase in the external volume.

In addition, at least a part of the heat conducting member 30 is installed between the housing 10 and the battery cell 20 in a filling manner, so that the bonding force between the heat conducting member 30 and the housing 10 is improved, the shape of the heat conducting member 30 can be regulated and controlled when the heat conducting member 30 is formed in a heat conducting material forming manner, the bonding degree between the heat conducting member 30 and the battery cell 20 and the housing 10 is improved, and the heat conducting efficiency is further improved.

It should be noted that, at least a portion of the heat conducting member 30 may be filled between the battery cell 20 and the housing 10 in various manners, for example, at least a portion of the heat conducting member 30 is first connected with the housing 10 by welding, hot pressing or bonding, and then is formed by welding or integrally forming the housing 10 and the battery cell 20, so that the heat conducting and heat dissipating capabilities of the housing 10 are improved, and the integration level of the housing 10 is improved.

Thus, according to the unit battery 100 of the embodiment of the utility model, by installing the heat conducting member 30 in the accommodating space and filling at least a part of the heat conducting member 30 between the housing 10 and at least one of the side surface 214 and the end surface 213, not only the heat at the position of the tab 22 can be rapidly conducted out to the housing 10, the heat conducting capability and the conducting efficiency at the position of the tab 22 with larger heat generation can be improved, the temperature rise of the unit battery 100 in the charging and discharging process can be reduced, and the space occupied by the heat conducting member 30 can be reduced.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, the heat conductive member 30 includes a first heat conductive part 31 and a second heat conductive part 32, the first heat conductive part 31 is filled between the side of the tab 22 and the case 10, and the second heat conductive part 32 is filled between the side 214 and the case 10.

That is, the heat conductive member 30 is mainly composed of the first heat conductive portion 31 and the second heat conductive portion 32, wherein the first heat conductive portion 31 may be filled between the side portion of the tab 22 and the case 10, and is capable of conducting heat of the tab 22 to the case 10 and then to the outside through the case 10. The second heat conducting part 32 may be filled between the side 214 of the body 21 and the housing 10, and can conduct heat of the body 21 to the housing 10 and then to the outside through the housing 10.

In the present embodiment, the heat conduction area can be enlarged by adopting the first heat conduction portion 31 and the second heat conduction portion 32 to conduct heat to a plurality of positions of the battery cell 20.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the heat conductive member 30 further includes a third heat conductive portion 33, and the third heat conductive portion 33 is filled between the end surface 213 and the case 10, so that heat of the end surface 213 can be conducted to the case 10.

Alternatively, when the positive and negative tabs of the cell 20 are led out from the same side of the cell 20, for example, from the right side. At this time, the left side of the battery cell 20 may be filled with the third heat conductive part 33, the front and rear sides may be filled with the second heat conductive part 32, the front and rear sides of the positive electrode tab may be respectively filled with the first heat conductive part 32, and the front and rear sides of the negative electrode tab may also be respectively filled with the first heat conductive part 32. It should be noted that the number and the position of the specific filled heat conductive materials may be adjusted according to the actual situation, which is not described herein.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, the first heat conducting portion 31 is in heat conducting connection with the second heat conducting portion 32, that is, heat exchange can occur between the first heat conducting portion 31 and the second heat conducting portion 32, the heat of the pole piece position is generally greater than the heat of the body 21, so that part of the heat of the pole piece position can be conducted to the second heat conducting portion 32, and the cooling rate for the pole piece position can be improved.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, the heat conducting member 30 is an integrally formed member, that is, the first heat conducting portion 31 and the second heat conducting portion 32 are not only in heat conducting contact, but also an integrally formed member, and the heat conducting member 30 is manufactured by using an integrally forming process, which has an advantage of being easy to manufacture.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the heat conductive member 30 is an insulating member, that is, the heat conductive member 30 has not only a heat conductive function but also an insulating function, and no additional insulating material is required, so that not only the compactness of the unit cell 100 can be improved, but also the possibility of improving the battery capacity can be provided.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 3, a portion of the heat conductive member 30 serves as the separator 24 in the body 21, that is, the battery cell 20 includes the positive electrode tab 23, the separator 24, and the negative electrode tab 25, wherein a portion of the heat conductive member 30 may serve as the separator 24. That is, the heat conductive member 30 may include a fourth heat conductive portion, which may be the diaphragm 24, and a fifth heat conductive portion, which may be filled between the side face 214 and the case 10 alone, between the end face 213 and the case 10 alone, or between the side face 214 and the case 10 and between the end face 213 and the case 10 at the same time.

In the present embodiment, by using a part of the heat conductive member 30 as the diaphragm 24 of the main body 21, not only an insulating effect but also a heat conductive effect can be achieved, and the heat conductive effect on the battery cell 20 can be further improved, and the heat in the battery cell 20 can be conducted out.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the first gap 40 between the side of the tab 22 and the housing 10 is equal to the second gap 50 between the side 214 of the body 21 and the housing 10, and the heat conductive member 30 is filled at least in the first gap 40. That is, in the present embodiment, the width of the tab 22 is equal to the width of the body 21, and the tab 22 is the full tab 22, and at this time, the heat conducting member 30 is filled at least in the first gap 40, so that the heat of the tab 22 can be conducted to the housing 10. Alternatively, the heat conducting member 30 fills the first gap 40 and the second gap 50 at the same time, and since the tab 22 is a full tab, the heat conducting member 30 may be formed as an elongated member having substantially the same width.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, the first gap 40 between the side of the tab 22 and the housing 10 is larger than the second gap 50 between the side 214 of the body 21 and the housing 10, and the heat conductive member 30 is filled in at least the first gap 40. That is, an open groove may be formed between the side portion of the tab 22 and the end surface 213 of the body 21, and at least a portion of the heat conductive member 30 may be filled in the open groove, so that heat of the tab 22 can be transferred and extracted.

Alternatively, the heat conductive member 30 is a heat conductive material member having a certain insulation property, so that it is unnecessary to additionally add an insulation material member.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the heat conducting member 30 may be a temperature equalizing plate, a phase change material, a direct cooling flow channel cavity, or other structures, which are not limited herein.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, the heat conducting member 30 is a potting adhesive or a phase change material member, that is, the heat conducting member 30 may be formed by filling the potting adhesive or the phase change material, and the heat conducting member 30 may be a potting adhesive having insulation and heat conduction and being resistant to electrolyte, or may be a phase change material, etc.

Wherein, when the heat conducting member 30 is a pouring sealant, the heat conducting member has certain insulating property and the heat conductivity is more than 0.2W/m.K. The pouring sealant can be an epoxy resin system, a silica gel system or other materials with temperature resistance, insulation and electrolyte resistance. For example, the phase-change capsules or particles can be added into the pouring sealant, the size of the additive is not limited, and the additive is mainly used for improving the heat conduction and heat absorption capacity of the pouring sealant. During filling, the heat conducting piece 30 can be arranged in the lower shell through a profiling tool of the battery cell 20, the battery cell 20 is arranged in the upper shell after a heat conducting structure is formed in the upper shell, and finally the upper shell and the lower shell are connected to realize sealing of the single battery 100.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the case 10 includes a first case 11 and a second case 12, wherein the first case 11 is provided with a receiving groove having an open end for receiving the battery cell 20 and filling the heat conductive member 30, the second case 12 is capable of closing the open end after the heat conductive member 30 is filled between the battery cell 20 and the first case 11, and a receiving space is formed between the second case 12 and the first case 11 in cooperation.

In other words, the housing 10 is mainly composed of the first case 11 and the second case 12, for example, the first case 11 is a lower case, and may be formed by press molding. Alternatively, the first case 11 may be an aluminum alloy member or a steel material member, which is advantageous in securing both strength and thermal conductivity, alternatively, for a blade battery, the thickness of the first case 11 may be 0.1mm to 0.3mm, and the weight of the case 10 may be reduced while securing the strength and thermal conductivity of the case 10. For other batteries, the thickness of the case 10 is not limited.

Second, the second shell 12 is an upper shell, and optionally, the second shell 12 is made of aluminum alloy or steel material, which is beneficial to ensuring strength. Alternatively, for a blade battery, the thickness of the second casing 12 is 0.1mm-0.3mm, which is advantageous for the second casing 12 to have both strength and light weight. The second shell 12 may be laser welded, other welding processes, adhesive bonding, or tack free riveting and welding with the first shell 11 to form a sealed housing 10. Further, the battery cell 20 may be assembled integrally with or separately from the second case 12.

Further, an upwardly open accommodating groove is defined in the first case 11, and the accommodating groove may be filled with a heat conductive material to form the heat conductive member 30.

For example, the lower case includes a lower plate, a front plate, a rear plate, a left plate, and a right plate around the outer periphery of the lower plate, and the upper case may also be a plate-shaped member, i.e., an upper plate. Wherein, the shell 10 can be formed into a rectangular body by integrally stamping and welding an upper plate, a lower plate, a front plate and a rear plate, or can be formed into a rectangular body by integrally stamping and welding an upper plate, a lower plate, a front plate, a left plate and a right plate; other mating and welding of several faces may also be used to form a rectangular body, and is not limited herein.

Alternatively, the housing 10 may be an aluminum or steel shell, which may have both strength and heat transfer capabilities.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 20 may be led out from the same side of the battery cell 20, or may be led out from different sides of the battery cell 20, which is not limited herein.

When the case 10 is assembled with the battery cell 20, the electrode core, the electrode tab 22, the electrode post, and the like may be integrally assembled and then placed in the lower case, or may be assembled with the battery cell 20 and then placed in the lower case.

In this embodiment, by making the housing 10 include the first shell 11 and the second shell 12, the heat conducting member 30 is formed by filling the heat conducting material in the accommodating space, so that the accommodating space is prevented from being occupied by additionally providing excessive heat conducting structures.

In summary, according to the unit cell 100 of the present utility model, heat in the vicinity of the tab 22 can be conducted to the case 10 by the heat conductive member 30. That is, by filling the heat conductive member 30 in the receiving space and defining the position of the heat conductive member 30, the heat conductive capability of the cell 20 at a position where the local heat generation is large, for example, the heat conductive capability of the tab 22 is improved, so that the degree of temperature rise of the cell 100 during the charge and discharge process can be reduced, and the heat extraction efficiency of the cell 100 can be improved.

The utility model also provides a battery pack comprising the single battery 100 of any embodiment, and the battery pack of the utility model comprises the single battery 100, so that the single battery 100 can conduct heat in a targeted manner, and the heat conduction efficiency of the single battery 100 can be improved.

The utility model also provides a vehicle which comprises the battery pack of any embodiment, and the battery pack has the advantages of good heat conduction effect and convenience for quick charge, so that the vehicle also has the advantages of improving user experience, safety and the like, and is not described herein.

While certain specific embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the utility model. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A single cell, characterized by comprising:

a housing defining an accommodation space therein;

the battery cell comprises a body and a tab, wherein the outer surface of the body comprises a top surface, a bottom surface, two end surfaces and two side surfaces, the top surface and the bottom surface are distributed at intervals and are oppositely arranged, the two end surfaces and the two side surfaces are respectively positioned between the top surface and the bottom surface, the areas of the end surfaces and the side surfaces are smaller than the areas of the top surface and the bottom surface, and the end part of the tab is arranged on at least one end surface;

and at least one part of the heat conducting piece is filled between the shell and at least one of the side face and the end face, and at least one part of the heat conducting piece is in heat conducting contact with the tab and the shell respectively.

2. The unit cell according to claim 1, wherein the heat conductive member comprises:

a first heat conduction part filled between the side part of the tab and the housing;

and the second heat conduction part is filled between the side surface and the shell.

3. The cell of claim 2, wherein the first thermally conductive portion is in thermally conductive connection with the second thermally conductive portion.

4. A cell according to claim 3, wherein the thermally conductive member is an integrally formed member.

5. The cell according to claim 1, wherein the heat conductive member is an insulating member.

6. The cell according to claim 5, wherein a portion of the thermally conductive member serves as a separator in the body.

7. The unit cell according to claim 1, wherein a first gap between a side portion of the tab and the case is equal to a second gap between a side surface of the body and the case, and the heat conductive member is filled at least in the first gap.

8. The unit cell according to claim 1, wherein a first gap between a side of the tab and the case is larger than a second gap between a side of the body and the case, and the heat conductive member is filled at least in the first gap.

9. The cell of claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive member is a potting compound or a phase change material member.

10. The cell as defined in claim 1, wherein the housing comprises:

a first case provided with a receiving groove having an open end for receiving the battery cell and filling the heat conductive member;

and the second shell can be used for sealing the open end after the heat conducting piece is filled between the battery cell and the first shell, and the accommodating space is formed between the second shell and the first shell in a matching way.

11. A battery pack comprising the single cell of any one of claims 1-10.

12. A vehicle comprising the battery pack of claim 11.