CN218964958U - Automatic loading and unloading device for samples - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic sample loading and unloading device which comprises a rotary material tray and a mechanical clamping jaw, wherein the rotary material tray comprises a chassis and a central column, the central column is fixed on the chassis, a neck part of the central column is provided with a ring groove, and a plurality of sample fixing positions are arranged on the chassis; the mechanical clamping jaw comprises a base, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, an air cylinder and steel balls, wherein the air cylinder and the outer cylinder are fixed on the base, main shaft holes are respectively formed in the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is inserted into the main shaft holes of the outer cylinder and connected with the air cylinder, a center column is inserted into the main shaft holes of the inner cylinder, slope parts are arranged on the main shaft holes of the outer cylinder, taper holes are formed in the side walls of the inner cylinder, the steel balls are clamped into the taper holes, the two sides of the steel balls are respectively exposed out of the taper holes, and the height of the taper holes is matched with the slope parts and the ring grooves in an alignment mode, so that the steel balls are clamped into the ring grooves through limiting positions of the slope parts. The utility model has the advantages that: through multiple spacing and location structure, accurate positioning rotation charging tray forms automatic rotation charging tray clamping structure, provides convenience for the automatic grinding and polishing of metal sample.

Description

Automatic loading and unloading device for samples

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an automatic sample loading and unloading device, in particular to an automatic loading and unloading device for metallographic examination of a metal sample, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical clamping jaws.

Background

Metallographic refers to the chemical composition of a metal or alloy and the physical and chemical states of the various components within the alloy. When the metallographic examination is carried out in the iron and steel enterprises, firstly, a preparation link of the sample is carried out, and the preparation link comprises grinding, polishing, corrosion and the like of the sample, wherein a grinding and polishing machine is mainly used for manually feeding by operators, so that the time is consumed, special staff is needed for nursing, and the efficiency is low. The metallographic laboratory requires a more efficient solution to liberate manpower, so that automatic feeding and discharging of the polishing machine is an important link of high-speed, rapid and intelligent metallographic laboratory realization.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to: aiming at the problems, the utility model aims to provide an automatic sample loading and unloading device which can realize batch bearing, accurate positioning and automatic loading and unloading of metal samples.

The technical scheme is as follows: the automatic sample loading and unloading device comprises a rotary material tray and a mechanical clamping jaw, wherein the rotary material tray comprises a chassis and a center column, the center column is fixed on the chassis, a neck part of the center column is provided with a ring groove, and a plurality of sample fixing positions are arranged on the chassis; the mechanical clamping jaw comprises a base, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, an air cylinder and steel balls, wherein the air cylinder and the outer cylinder are fixed on the base, spindle holes are respectively formed in the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is inserted into the spindle holes of the outer cylinder and connected with the air cylinder, the center column is inserted into the spindle holes of the inner cylinder, a slope part is arranged on the spindle holes of the outer cylinder, a taper hole is formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder, the steel balls are clamped into the taper hole, two sides of the steel balls are respectively exposed out of the taper hole, and the height of the taper hole is aligned and matched with the slope part and the ring groove, so that the steel balls are clamped into the ring groove through the limit of the slope part.

The principle of the utility model is as follows: when the grinding and polishing machine is used, the metal sample is fixed through the plurality of sample fixing positions on the chassis, and the surface to be processed of the sample is fixed on the back surface of the rotary material tray, so that interference between the grinding and polishing machine and the center column is prevented when grinding and polishing processing is carried out. And then the center column is clamped into the main shaft hole of the inner cylinder of the mechanical clamping jaw, the preliminary positioning is completed, after the center column is completely clamped into the center column, the cylinder contracts to drive the inner cylinder to move towards the cylinder along the main shaft hole of the outer cylinder, the steel balls are limited by the slope part and gradually ejected towards the main shaft hole of the inner cylinder, and the steel balls are clamped into the annular groove of the center column, so that the rotary material disc is clamped.

Further, still set up the location pinhole on the rotatory charging tray, machinery clamping jaw still includes bearing, actuating mechanism, locating pin, the urceolus passes through the bearing with the base is fixed, actuating mechanism's stiff end is connected the base, output are connected the urceolus is rotatory, with the drive the urceolus, still set up the installation vertical hole on the urceolus, the locating pin passes through elastic limiting mechanism to be fixed in the installation vertical hole, locating pin hole counterpoint setting, elastic limiting mechanism pops out the locating pin card is gone into the locating pin hole forms rotatory spacing. In this structure, after the center post inserts the main shaft hole of inner tube, actuating mechanism drives the urceolus and rotates, and after the locating pin rotated to the position corresponding to the locating pin hole, elasticity stop gear popped out the locating pin, makes its insertion locating pin hole form rotatory spacing.

Further, the elastic limiting mechanism comprises a spring and a screw, the positioning pin is provided with a baffle ring and is provided with a transverse installation hole, and the screw is transversely inserted into the vertical installation hole and penetrates through the transverse installation hole to form mechanical limiting of the positioning pin; the mounting vertical hole is a countersunk hole, and the spring is mounted in the countersunk hole and is limited and compressed through the baffle ring. In this structure, carry out spacingly through the screw to the locating pin, but the clearance between screw and the installation cross bore constitutes the distance that the locating pin vertical displacement promptly. In an initial state, the spring is compressed, and the positioning pin is ejected upwards to a limit position; after the mechanical clamping jaw receives the rotary material disc, the positioning pin is extruded and retracted by the chassis, and when the outer cylinder rotates to the position corresponding to the positioning pin and the positioning pin hole, the positioning pin pops out and is inserted into the positioning pin hole, so that the rotation limit is formed.

Further, the mechanical clamping jaw further comprises a positioning ring and a first positioning sensor, wherein the positioning ring is fixed on the positioning pin, and the first positioning sensor is fixed on the base and faces the positioning ring. In the structure, when the positioning pin is extruded by the chassis and is in a retreating state, the positioning ring is aligned with the first positioning sensor; when the positioning pin is clamped into the positioning pin hole, the positioning ring moves along with the positioning pin hole, and the first positioning sensor can not detect the positioning ring, namely, the positioning pin is judged to be clamped into the positioning pin hole, so that the rotating in-place detection of the outer cylinder is formed.

Further, the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a small belt wheel, a conveying belt and a large belt wheel, the motor is fixed on the base, the small belt wheel is installed at the output end of the motor, the large belt wheel is sleeved on the outer cylinder, and the conveying belt winds the small belt wheel and the large belt wheel to form revolution.

Further, the mechanical clamping jaw further comprises a second positioning sensor, wherein the second positioning sensor is fixed on the base and faces the rotary tray, so that whether the mechanical clamping jaw is detected by the rotary tray or not is formed.

Further, the locating pin holes are uniformly distributed on the chassis along the circumferential direction of the central column, and the mounting vertical holes, the locating pins and the elastic limiting mechanisms are in one-to-one correspondence with the locating pin holes so as to obtain a more stable rotation limiting structure.

Further, the taper holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder, and the steel balls are in one-to-one correspondence with the taper holes so as to more stably clamp the central column.

The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that: through multiple spacing and location structure, accurate positioning rotation charging tray forms automatic rotation charging tray clamping structure, provides convenience for the automatic grinding and polishing of metal sample. Meanwhile, double self-detection is set, so that the clamping process can be better perceived, and the degree of automation is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a rotary tray according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a mechanical jaw of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the position A in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the clamping of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the position B in fig. 5.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and to specific embodiments, which are intended to illustrate the utility model only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

An automatic sample loading and unloading device comprises a rotary tray 1 and a mechanical clamping jaw 2 as shown in figures 1 and 2.

The rotary tray 1 is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a chassis 1a and a central column 1b, wherein the central column 1b is fixed on the chassis 1a, a ring groove 1c is formed in the neck of the central column 1b, a plurality of sample fixing positions 1d and a plurality of positioning pin holes 1e are formed in the chassis 1a, and the positioning pin holes 1e are uniformly distributed on the chassis 1a along the circumference of the central column 1 b. The sample fixing position 1d is used for fixing a metal sample, in this embodiment, the sample fixing position 1d adopts a rectangular sash, and a threaded hole communicated with the rectangular sash is formed in the side wall of the chassis 1a, so that after the metal sample is placed into the rectangular sash, the metal sample is screwed into the threaded hole through a screw, and then the sample is compressed. Meanwhile, in the fixing process, the surface to be processed of the specimen can be fixed to the back surface of the chassis 1a, thereby preventing interference of the center post 1b to the specimen grinding and polishing process.

The mechanical clamping jaw 2 is shown in figures 2-4 and comprises a base 2a, an outer cylinder 2b, an inner cylinder 2c, a cylinder 2d, steel balls 2e, a bearing 2f, a driving mechanism 2g, a positioning pin 2h, an elastic limiting mechanism 2i, a positioning ring 2j, a first positioning sensor 2k and a second positioning sensor 2m.

The mechanical clamping jaw 2 of the embodiment adopts a double positioning mode of clamping positioning and pin shaft positioning, wherein the structure of the clamping positioning is as follows:

as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the cylinder 2d and the outer cylinder 2b are fixed on the base 2a, the outer cylinder 2b and the inner cylinder 2c are respectively provided with a main shaft hole, the inner cylinder 2c is inserted into the main shaft hole of the outer cylinder 2b and connected with the cylinder 2d, the center column 1b is inserted into the main shaft hole of the inner cylinder 2c, the main shaft hole of the outer cylinder 2b is provided with a slope part 2b-1, the side wall of the inner cylinder 2c is provided with a taper hole 2c-1, the steel ball 2e is clamped into the taper hole 2c-1, two sides of the steel ball are respectively exposed out of the taper hole 2c-1, and the height of the taper hole 2c-1 is aligned with the slope part 2b-1 and the annular groove 1c, so that the steel ball 2e is clamped into the annular groove 1c through the limit of the slope part 2 b-1. When in use, the central column 1b is inserted into the main shaft hole of the inner cylinder 2c, the cylinder 2d is contracted to drive the inner cylinder 2c to be recovered, the steel balls 2e move downwards, as shown in figures 5 and 6, when moving to the position of the slope part 2b-1, the steel balls are extruded by the steel balls, are extruded along the taper hole 2c-1 towards the inner cylinder 2c, and are gradually pressed into the annular groove 1c of the central column 1b, so that the central column is blocked, and the blocking positioning is formed. Meanwhile, in this embodiment, in order to increase the stability of the locking positioning, a plurality of tapered holes 2c-1 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 2c, and the steel balls 2e are in one-to-one correspondence with the tapered holes 2c-1, so that the center column is locked by the plurality of steel balls 2 e.

The pin positioning structure of this embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 3, the outer cylinder 2b is fixed with the base 2a through a bearing 2f, the fixed end of the driving mechanism 2g is connected with the base 2a, the output end is connected with the outer cylinder 2b to drive the outer cylinder 2b to rotate, as shown in fig. 4, a mounting vertical hole 2b-2 is further formed in the outer cylinder 2b, a positioning pin 2h is fixed in the mounting vertical hole 2b-2 through an elastic limiting mechanism 2i, the positioning pin 2h and the positioning pin hole 1e are arranged in an aligned mode, and the elastic limiting mechanism 2i ejects the positioning pin 2h to be clamped into the positioning pin hole 1e to form rotation limiting. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the driving mechanism 2g specifically includes a motor 2g-1, a small belt pulley 2g-2, a conveyor belt 2g-3, and a large belt pulley 2g-4, the motor 2g-1 is fixed on the base 2a, the small belt pulley 2g-2 is mounted at the output end of the motor 2g-1, the large belt pulley 2g-4 is sleeved on the outer cylinder 2b, and the conveyor belt 2g-3 is wound on the small belt pulley 2g-2 and the large belt pulley 2g-4 to form a revolution. As shown in fig. 4, the elastic limiting mechanism 2i specifically comprises a spring 2i-1 and a screw 2i-2, a stop ring 2h-1 is arranged on the positioning pin 2h, a mounting transverse hole 2h-2 is formed, the screw 2i-2 is transversely inserted into a mounting vertical hole 2b-2 and penetrates through the mounting transverse hole 2h-2 to form mechanical limiting of the positioning pin 2h, the mounting vertical hole 2b-2 is a countersunk hole, and the spring 2i-1 is mounted in the countersunk hole and is limited and compressed through the stop ring 2 h-1. When the positioning pin positioning device is used, after the center column 1b is inserted into a main shaft hole of the inner barrel 2c, the positioning pin 2h is extruded and retracted by the chassis 1a, the motor 2g-1 drives the outer barrel to rotate through the small belt pulley 2g-2, the conveying belt 2g-3 and the large belt pulley 2g-4, the positioning pin 2h is driven to rotate to a position corresponding to the positioning pin hole 1e, the spring 2i-1 ejects the positioning pin 2h and inserts the positioning pin hole 1e, and a gap between the screw 2i-2 and the mounting transverse hole 2h-2 forms the distance that the positioning pin 2h can be ejected, so that pin shaft positioning is formed. Meanwhile, in this embodiment, in order to further increase the positioning reliability of the pin shaft, the mounting vertical holes 2b-2, the positioning pins 2h, and the elastic limiting mechanisms 2i are in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning pin holes 1e, so as to perform multi-pin shaft positioning.

In addition, this embodiment is also provided with a dual self-detection structure:

as shown in fig. 3, the positioning ring 2j is fixed on the positioning pins 2h, in this embodiment, the positioning ring 2j is connected to all the positioning pins 2h and located between the inner cylinder and the cylinder, and the first positioning sensor 2k is fixed on the base 2a and faces the positioning ring 2j. When the positioning pin 2h is not inserted into the positioning pin hole 1e, the first positioning sensor 2k can detect the positioning ring 2j, and when the positioning pin 2h is inserted into the positioning pin hole 1e, the first positioning sensor 2k cannot detect the positioning ring 2j, that is, it is determined that the insertion is completed. As shown in fig. 2, a second positioning sensor 2m is fixed on the base 2a and faces the rotary tray 1 to detect whether the mechanical clamping jaw 2 clamps the rotary tray 1.

When the automatic sample loading and unloading device of this embodiment is used, as shown in fig. 6, the central column 1b of the rotary tray 1 is first received by the spindle hole of the inner cylinder 2c, and after the central column is inserted to the bottom, the motor 2g-1 is started, positioning pins 2h and positioning pin holes 1e are positioned by the pin positioning structure, and self-detection is performed by the first positioning sensor 2 k. And then the cylinder 2d is contracted, and the central column 1b is fixed through the clamping and positioning structure, so that the final accurate positioning and clamping is formed. Meanwhile, in the whole clamping process, the rotary material tray 1 is detected at any time through the second positioning sensor 2m, so that the degree of automation is improved.

Claims (8)

1. Automatic unloader that goes up of sample, its characterized in that: the automatic test equipment comprises a rotary material tray (1) and mechanical clamping jaws (2), wherein the rotary material tray (1) comprises a chassis (1 a) and a central column (1 b), the central column (1 b) is fixed on the chassis (1 a), a ring groove (1 c) is formed in the neck of the central column, and a plurality of sample fixing positions (1 d) are arranged on the chassis (1 a); the mechanical clamping jaw (2) comprises a base (2 a), an outer cylinder (2 b), an inner cylinder (2 c), an air cylinder (2 d) and steel balls (2 e), wherein the air cylinder (2 d) and the outer cylinder (2 b) are fixed on the base (2 a), spindle holes are respectively formed in the outer cylinder (2 b) and the inner cylinder (2 c), the inner cylinder (2 c) is inserted into the spindle holes of the outer cylinder (2 b) and is connected with the air cylinder (2 d), the center column (1 b) is inserted into the spindle holes of the inner cylinder (2 c), a slope portion (2 b-1) is arranged on the spindle holes of the outer cylinder (2 b), conical holes (2 c-1) are formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder (2 c), the steel balls (2 e) are clamped into the conical holes (2 c-1), the two sides of the steel balls are respectively exposed out of the conical holes (2 c-1), and the height of the conical holes (2 c-1) is aligned with the slope portions (2 b-1) and the slope portions (1 c) so that the steel balls (2 e) can be aligned with the slope portions (2 c-1).

2. An automatic sample loading and unloading device according to claim 1, wherein: the rotary material tray is characterized in that a positioning pin hole (1 e) is further formed in the rotary material tray (1), the mechanical clamping jaw (2) further comprises a bearing (2 f), a driving mechanism (2 g) and a positioning pin (2 h), the outer cylinder (2 b) is fixed with the base (2 a) through the bearing (2 f), the fixed end of the driving mechanism (2 g) is connected with the base (2 a) and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected with the outer cylinder (2 b) so as to drive the outer cylinder (2 b) to rotate, an installation vertical hole (2 b-2) is further formed in the outer cylinder (2 b), the positioning pin (2 h) is fixed in the installation vertical hole (2 b-2) through an elastic limiting mechanism (2 i), the positioning pin (2 h) and the positioning pin hole (1 e) are aligned, and the elastic limiting mechanism (2 i) ejects out the positioning pin (2 h) to clamp the positioning pin hole (1 e) to form rotary limiting.

3. An automatic sample loading and unloading device according to claim 2, wherein: the elastic limiting mechanism (2 i) comprises a spring (2 i-1) and a screw (2 i-2), a baffle ring (2 h-1) is arranged on the positioning pin (2 h), a mounting transverse hole (2 h-2) is formed, and the screw (2 i-2) is transversely inserted into the mounting vertical hole (2 b-2) and penetrates through the mounting transverse hole (2 h-2) to form mechanical limiting of the positioning pin (2 h); the mounting vertical hole (2 b-2) is a countersunk hole, and the spring (2 i-1) is mounted in the countersunk hole and is limited and compressed through the baffle ring (2 h-1).

4. A device for automatically loading and unloading samples according to claim 3, wherein: the mechanical clamping jaw (2) further comprises a positioning ring (2 j) and a first positioning sensor (2 k), wherein the positioning ring (2 j) is fixed on the positioning pin (2 h), and the first positioning sensor (2 k) is fixed on the base (2 a) and faces the positioning ring (2 j).

5. An automatic sample loading and unloading device according to claim 2, wherein: the driving mechanism (2 g) comprises a motor (2 g-1), a small belt wheel (2 g-2), a conveying belt (2 g-3) and a large belt wheel (2 g-4), wherein the motor (2 g-1) is fixed on the base (2 a), the small belt wheel (2 g-2) is installed at the output end of the motor (2 g-1), the large belt wheel (2 g-4) is sleeved on the outer cylinder (2 b), and the conveying belt (2 g-3) winds around the small belt wheel (2 g-2) and the large belt wheel (2 g-4) to form revolution.

6. An automatic sample loading and unloading device according to claim 1, wherein: the mechanical clamping jaw further comprises a second positioning sensor (2 m), and the second positioning sensor (2 m) is fixed on the base (2 a) and faces the rotary tray (1).

7. An automatic sample loading and unloading device according to claim 2, wherein: the positioning pin holes (1 e) are uniformly distributed on the chassis (1 a) along the circumferential direction of the central column (1 b), and the mounting vertical holes (2 b-2), the positioning pins (2 h) and the elastic limiting mechanisms (2 i) are in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning pin holes (1 e).

8. An automatic sample loading and unloading device according to claim 1, wherein: the conical holes (2 c-1) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder (2 c), and the steel balls (2 e) are in one-to-one correspondence with the conical holes (2 c-1).

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