CN115673942A - Automatic unloader that goes up of sample - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic sample loading and unloading device which comprises a rotary material tray and a mechanical clamping jaw, wherein the rotary material tray comprises a chassis and a central column, the central column is fixed on the chassis, the neck of the central column is provided with a ring groove, and the chassis is provided with a plurality of sample fixing positions; mechanical clamping jaw includes the base, the urceolus, the inner tube, the cylinder, the steel ball, the cylinder, the urceolus is fixed on the base, the urceolus, set up the main shaft hole on the inner tube respectively, the inner tube inserts the main shaft hole of urceolus, and be connected with the cylinder, the center post inserts the main shaft hole of inner tube, be provided with slope portion on the main shaft hole of urceolus, the taper hole has been seted up on the lateral wall of inner tube, the steel ball card is gone into the taper hole, and outside its both sides exposed the taper hole respectively, the height and the slope portion of taper hole, the annular is counterpointed and is matchd, so that the steel ball goes into the annular through the spacing card of slope portion. The invention has the advantages that: through multiple spacing and location structure, the rotatory charging tray of accurate location forms automatic rotatory charging tray clamping structure, and it facilitates to grind the throwing for the automation of metal specimen.

Description

Automatic unloader that goes up of sample

Technical Field

The invention relates to an automatic loading and unloading device for a sample, in particular to an automatic loading and unloading device for metallographic examination of a metal sample, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical clamping jaws.

Background

Metallographic phase refers to the chemical composition of a metal or alloy and the physical and chemical states of the various components within the alloy. When carrying out metallographic examination, iron and steel enterprises firstly carry out a sample preparation link, including sample polishing, corrosion and the like, wherein the polishing mainly comprises feeding manually by operating personnel, so that the time is consumed, special personnel are required to nurse, and the efficiency is low. The metallographic laboratory needs a more efficient solution to liberate manpower, so that automatic feeding and discharging of the polishing machine is an important link for realizing the metallographic laboratory in a high-speed, rapid and intelligent manner.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: in view of the above problems, the present invention provides an automatic loading and unloading device for samples, which can realize batch loading, precise positioning and automatic loading and unloading of metal samples.

The technical scheme is as follows: an automatic sample loading and unloading device comprises a rotary material tray and a mechanical clamping jaw, wherein the rotary material tray comprises a chassis and a central column, the central column is fixed on the chassis, a ring groove is formed in the neck of the central column, and a plurality of sample fixing positions are arranged on the chassis; mechanical clamping jaw includes base, urceolus, inner tube, cylinder, steel ball, cylinder, urceolus are fixed on the base, set up the main shaft hole on urceolus, the inner tube respectively, the inner tube inserts the main shaft hole of urceolus, and with the cylinder is connected, the center post inserts the main shaft hole of inner tube, be provided with slope portion on the main shaft hole of urceolus, the taper hole has been seted up on the lateral wall of inner tube, the steel ball card is gone into the taper hole, and its both sides expose respectively outside the taper hole, the height of taper hole with slope portion, annular counterpoint match, so that the steel ball passes through the spacing card of slope portion is gone into the annular.

The principle of the invention is as follows: when the metal sample polishing device is used, firstly, the metal samples are fixed through the plurality of sample fixing positions on the chassis, and the surface to be processed of the samples is fixed on the back surface of the rotary material disc, so that the grinding and polishing machine is prevented from interfering with the central column during grinding and polishing. Then go into the center post through mechanical clamping jaw inner tube main shaft hole card, accomplish preliminary location, after the center post is gone into completely the card, the cylinder shrink drives the inner tube and moves to the cylinder direction along the main shaft hole of urceolus, and the steel ball is spacing by slope portion, and is ejecting to the main shaft hole direction of inner tube gradually, and the card goes into the annular of center post to the rotatory charging tray of card is died.

Further, still set up the locating pin hole on the rotatory charging tray, mechanical clamping jaw still includes bearing, actuating mechanism, locating pin, the urceolus passes through the bearing with the base is fixed, actuating mechanism's stiff end is connected base, output are connected the urceolus, with the drive the urceolus is rotatory, still set up the installation on the urceolus and erect the hole, the locating pin passes through elasticity stop gear to be fixed in the installation is erect the hole, locating pin hole are counterpointed and are set up, elasticity stop gear pops out the locating pin card is gone into the locating pin hole forms rotatory spacing. In the structure, after the central column is inserted into the main shaft hole of the inner cylinder, the driving mechanism drives the outer cylinder to rotate, and after the positioning pin rotates to a position corresponding to the positioning pin hole, the elastic limiting mechanism pops out the positioning pin, so that the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning pin hole to form rotary limiting.

Furthermore, the elastic limiting mechanism comprises a spring and a screw, a baffle ring is arranged on the locating pin, a mounting transverse hole is formed in the locating pin, and the screw is transversely inserted into the mounting vertical hole and penetrates through the mounting transverse hole to form mechanical limiting of the locating pin; the vertical mounting hole is a countersunk hole, and the spring is mounted in the countersunk hole and is limited and compressed by the baffle ring. In this structure, carry out spacing through the screw to the locating pin, the clearance between screw and the installation cross bore constitutes the distance that the locating pin can vertical displacement promptly. In an initial state, the spring is compressed, and the positioning pin is ejected upwards to a limit position; after the mechanical clamping jaw receives the rotating material tray, the positioning pin is extruded and returned by the chassis, and when the outer barrel rotates to a position corresponding to the positioning pin and the positioning pin hole, the positioning pin is ejected and inserted into the positioning pin hole, so that rotation limiting is formed.

Further, mechanical clamping jaw still includes holding ring, first positioning sensor, the holding ring is fixed on the locating pin, first positioning sensor is fixed on the base, and the orientation the holding ring. In the structure, when the positioning pin is extruded by the chassis and is in a retreating state, the positioning ring is aligned with the first positioning sensor; after the positioning pin is clamped into the positioning pin hole, the positioning ring moves along with the positioning pin, and the first positioning sensor can judge that the positioning pin is clamped into the positioning pin hole without detecting the positioning ring, so that the in-place detection of the rotation of the outer barrel is formed.

Further, the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a small belt wheel, a conveying belt and a large belt wheel, the motor is fixed on the base, the small belt wheel is installed at the output end of the motor, the large belt wheel is sleeved on the outer barrel, and the conveying belt is wound on the small belt wheel and the large belt wheel to form rotation.

Further, mechanical clamping jaw still includes second positioning sensor, second positioning sensor fixes on the base, and the orientation rotatory charging tray to whether there is the detection of rotatory charging tray on the formation mechanical clamping jaw.

Furthermore, the positioning pin holes are uniformly distributed on the chassis along the circumference of the central column, and the mounting vertical holes, the positioning pins and the elastic limiting mechanisms correspond to the positioning pin holes one to one so as to obtain a more stable rotation limiting structure.

Furthermore, the taper holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder, the steel balls correspond to the taper holes one to one, and the central column is clamped more stably.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: through multiple spacing and location structure, the rotatory charging tray of accurate location forms automatic rotatory charging tray clamping structure, and it facilitates to grind the throwing for the automation of metal specimen. Meanwhile, double self-detection is set, so that the clamping process can be better sensed, and the automation degree is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a rotary tray according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a mechanical jaw of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of position A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention when clamped;

fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the position B in fig. 5.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

An automatic loading and unloading device for samples comprises a rotary tray 1 and a mechanical clamping jaw 2 as shown in attached figures 1 and 2.

The rotating tray 1 is shown in the attached drawing 1 and comprises a chassis 1a and a central column 1b, wherein the central column 1b is fixed on the chassis 1a, the neck of the central column is provided with a ring groove 1c, the chassis 1a is provided with a plurality of sample fixing positions 1d and a plurality of positioning pin holes 1e, and the plurality of positioning pin holes 1e are uniformly distributed on the chassis 1a along the circumferential direction of the central column 1 b. The sample is fixed position 1d and is used for fixed metal sample, and in this embodiment, sample is fixed position 1d and is adopted the rectangle sash to set up the screw hole that communicates to the rectangle sash on chassis 1a lateral wall, thereby after putting into the rectangle sash with metal sample, through screw in screw hole, and then compress tightly the sample. Meanwhile, in the fixing process, the surface to be processed of the sample may be fixed to the back surface of the base plate 1a, thereby preventing the central column 1b from interfering with the sample polishing process.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the mechanical clamping jaw 2 includes a base 2a, an outer cylinder 2b, an inner cylinder 2c, an air cylinder 2d, steel balls 2e, a bearing 2f, a driving mechanism 2g, a positioning pin 2h, an elastic limiting mechanism 2i, a positioning ring 2j, a first positioning sensor 2k, and a second positioning sensor 2m.

The mechanical clamping jaw 2 of this embodiment adopts the dual location mode of block location, round pin axle location, and wherein the structure of block location is as follows:

as shown in fig. 2 to 4, an air cylinder 2d and an outer cylinder 2b are fixed on a base 2a, a spindle hole is respectively formed in the outer cylinder 2b and the inner cylinder 2c, the inner cylinder 2c is inserted into the spindle hole of the outer cylinder 2b and connected with the air cylinder 2d, a central column 1b is inserted into the spindle hole of the inner cylinder 2c, a slope portion 2b-1 is arranged on the spindle hole of the outer cylinder 2b, a taper hole 2c-1 is formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder 2c, a steel ball 2e is clamped into the taper hole 2c-1, two sides of the steel ball are respectively exposed out of the taper hole 2c-1, the height of the taper hole 2c-1 is aligned with the slope portion 2b-1 and the ring groove 1c, so that the steel ball 2e is clamped into the ring groove 1c through the limit of the slope portion 2 b-1. When the steel ball clamping device is used, the central column 1b is inserted into a spindle hole of the inner cylinder 2c, the cylinder 2d contracts to drive the inner cylinder 2c to be recovered, the steel balls 2e move downwards, and when the steel balls move to the position of the slope part 2b-1, the steel balls are extruded by the steel balls along the direction of the inner cylinder 2c along the taper hole 2c-1 and are gradually pressed into the annular groove 1c of the central column 1b, so that the central column is clamped and positioned. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, in order to increase the stability of the clamping and positioning, a plurality of conical holes 2c-1 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 2c, the steel balls 2e correspond to the conical holes 2c-1 one by one, and the central column is clamped through the steel balls 2 e.

The structure of this embodiment round pin axle location is as follows:

as shown in fig. 3, the outer cylinder 2b is fixed to the base 2a through a bearing 2f, the fixed end of the driving mechanism 2g is connected to the base 2a, the output end of the driving mechanism 2g is connected to the outer cylinder 2b, so as to drive the outer cylinder 2b to rotate, as shown in fig. 4, the outer cylinder 2b is further provided with a mounting vertical hole 2b-2, the positioning pin 2h is fixed in the mounting vertical hole 2b-2 through an elastic limiting mechanism 2i, the positioning pin 2h and the positioning pin hole 1e are arranged in an aligned mode, and the elastic limiting mechanism 2i pops out the positioning pin 2h and is clamped into the positioning pin hole 1e to form rotation limiting. In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the driving mechanism 2g specifically includes a motor 2g-1, a small belt pulley 2g-2, a conveying belt 2g-3, and a large belt pulley 2g-4, the motor 2g-1 is fixed on the base 2a, the small belt pulley 2g-2 is installed at the output end of the motor 2g-1, the large belt pulley 2g-4 is sleeved on the outer cylinder 2b, and the conveying belt 2g-3 is wound on the small belt pulley 2g-2 and the large belt pulley 2g-4 to form rotation. As shown in the attached figure 4, the elastic limiting mechanism 2i specifically comprises a spring 2i-1 and a screw 2i-2, a stop ring 2h-1 is arranged on the positioning pin 2h and is provided with a mounting transverse hole 2h-2, the screw 2i-2 is transversely inserted into the mounting vertical hole 2b-2 and penetrates through the mounting transverse hole 2h-2 to form mechanical limiting of the positioning pin 2h, the mounting vertical hole 2b-2 is a counter bore, and the spring 2i-1 is mounted in the counter bore and is limited and compressed through the stop ring 2 h-1. When the positioning pin 2h is used, after the central column 1b is inserted into a spindle hole of the inner cylinder 2c, the positioning pin 2h is extruded and retracted by the chassis 1a, the motor 2g-1 drives the outer cylinder to rotate through the small belt pulley 2g-2, the conveying belt 2g-3 and the large belt pulley 2g-4 to drive the positioning pin 2h to rotate to a position corresponding to the positioning pin hole 1e, the positioning pin 2h is ejected out by the spring 2i-1 and inserted into the positioning pin hole 1e, and a distance which can be ejected out by the positioning pin 2h is formed by a gap between the screw 2i-2 and the mounting transverse hole 2h-2, so that pin shaft positioning is formed. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, in order to further increase the positioning reliability of the pin shafts, the mounting vertical holes 2b-2, the positioning pins 2h, the elastic limiting mechanisms 2i and the positioning pin holes 1e are in one-to-one correspondence, so that multi-pin shaft positioning is performed.

In addition, this embodiment still is provided with dual self-test structure:

as shown in fig. 3, the positioning ring 2j is fixed on the positioning pin 2h, in this embodiment, the positioning ring 2j is connected to all the positioning pins 2h and located between the inner cylinder and the air cylinder, and the first positioning sensor 2k is fixed on the base 2a and faces the positioning ring 2j. When the positioning pin 2h is not inserted into the positioning pin hole 1e, the first positioning sensor 2k can detect the positioning ring 2j, and when the positioning pin 2h is inserted into the positioning pin hole 1e, the first positioning sensor 2k cannot detect the positioning ring 2j, namely, the insertion is determined to be completed. As shown in fig. 2, the second positioning sensor 2m is fixed on the base 2a and faces the rotating tray 1 to detect whether the mechanical chuck 2 clamps the rotating tray 1.

When the automatic sample loading and unloading device of this embodiment is used, as shown in fig. 6, the central column 1b of the rotary tray 1 is received by the spindle hole of the inner cylinder 2c, after the central column is inserted to the bottom, the motor 2g-1 is started, the positioning pin 2h and the positioning pin hole 1e are positioned by the pin shaft positioning structure, and self-detection is performed by the first positioning sensor 2 k. Then the cylinder 2d contracts, and the central column 1b is fixed through the clamping and positioning structure to form final accurate positioning and clamping. Simultaneously, at whole clamping in-process, detect rotatory charging tray 1 through second positioning sensor 2m at any time, improve degree of automation.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an unloader in sample automation which characterized in that: the test device comprises a rotary tray (1) and a mechanical clamping jaw (2), wherein the rotary tray (1) comprises a chassis (1 a) and a central column (1 b), the central column (1 b) is fixed on the chassis (1 a), the neck of the central column is provided with a ring groove (1 c), and a plurality of sample fixing positions (1 d) are arranged on the chassis (1 a); mechanical clamping jaw (2) are including base (2 a), urceolus (2 b), inner tube (2 c), cylinder (2 d), steel ball (2 e), cylinder (2 d), urceolus (2 b) are fixed on base (2 a), set up the main shaft hole on urceolus (2 b), inner tube (2 c) respectively, inner tube (2 c) insert the main shaft hole of urceolus (2 b) and with cylinder (2 d) are connected, center post (1 b) inserts the main shaft hole of inner tube (2 c), be provided with slope portion (2 b-1) on the main shaft hole of urceolus (2 b), taper hole (2 c-1) has been seted up on the lateral wall of inner tube (2 c), steel ball (2 e) card is gone into taper hole (2 c-1), and its both sides expose respectively outside taper hole (2 c-1), the height of taper hole (2 c-1 with slope portion (2 b-1), annular (1 c) counterpoint match to make steel ball (2 e) pass through the spacing portion of slope (2 b-1 c).

2. The automatic loading and unloading device for the test samples as claimed in claim 1, wherein: still seted up locating pin hole (1 e) on rotatory charging tray (1), mechanical clamping jaw (2) still include bearing (2 f), actuating mechanism (2 g), locating pin (2 h), urceolus (2 b) are passed through bearing (2 f) with base (2 a) are fixed, the stiff end of actuating mechanism (2 g) is connected base (2 a), output are connected urceolus (2 b) are with the drive urceolus (2 b) are rotatory, the perpendicular hole of installation (2 b-2) has still been seted up on urceolus (2 b), locating pin (2 h) are fixed through elasticity stop gear (2 i) in the perpendicular hole of installation (2 b-2), locating pin (2 h), locating pin hole (1 e) counterpoint the setting, elasticity stop gear (2 i) pop out locating pin (2 h) card is gone into locating pin hole (1 e) form rotation limit.

3. The automatic sample loading and unloading device of claim 2, wherein: the elastic limiting mechanism (2 i) comprises a spring (2 i-1) and a screw (2 i-2), a baffle ring (2 h-1) is arranged on the positioning pin (2 h), a mounting transverse hole (2 h-2) is formed in the positioning pin (2 h), and the screw (2 i-2) is transversely inserted into the mounting vertical hole (2 b-2) and penetrates through the mounting transverse hole (2 h-2) to form mechanical limiting of the positioning pin (2 h); the mounting vertical hole (2 b-2) is a countersunk hole, and the spring (2 i-1) is mounted in the countersunk hole and is limited and compressed by the baffle ring (2 h-1).

4. The automatic sample loading and unloading device of claim 3, wherein: machinery clamping jaw (2) still include holding ring (2 j), first positioning sensor (2 k), holding ring (2 j) are fixed on locating pin (2 h), first positioning sensor (2 k) are fixed on base (2 a), and the orientation holding ring (2 j).

5. The automatic loading and unloading device for the test samples as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the driving mechanism (2 g) comprises a motor (2 g-1), a small belt wheel (2 g-2), a conveying belt (2 g-3) and a large belt wheel (2 g-4), the motor (2 g-1) is fixed on the base (2 a), the small belt wheel (2 g-2) is installed at the output end of the motor (2 g-1), the large belt wheel (2 g-4) is sleeved on the outer barrel (2 b), and the conveying belt (2 g-3) is wound on the small belt wheel (2 g-2) and the large belt wheel (2 g-4) to form rotation.

6. The automatic loading and unloading device for the test samples as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mechanical clamping jaw further comprises a second positioning sensor (2 m), and the second positioning sensor (2 m) is fixed on the base (2 a) and faces the rotary material tray (1).

7. The automatic loading and unloading device for the test samples as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the base plate (1 a) is provided with a plurality of positioning pin holes (1 e) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the central column (1 b), and the mounting vertical holes (2 b-2), the positioning pins (2 h) and the elastic limiting mechanisms (2 i) are in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning pin holes (1 e).

8. The automatic loading and unloading device for the test samples as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the conical holes (2 c-1) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder (2 c), and the steel balls (2 e) are in one-to-one correspondence with the conical holes (2 c-1).

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