CN218958259U - Near ultraviolet band laser frequency stabilization system - Google Patents
Near ultraviolet band laser frequency stabilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN218958259U CN218958259U CN202223417752.7U CN202223417752U CN218958259U CN 218958259 U CN218958259 U CN 218958259U CN 202223417752 U CN202223417752 U CN 202223417752U CN 218958259 U CN218958259 U CN 218958259U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a laser frequency stabilization system of an ultraviolet band, wherein a first device comprises a first laser output module, a first frequency conversion module, an iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module and a frequency stabilization control module; the second device comprises a second laser output module, a heterodyne phase locking module, a beam combining module and a second frequency conversion module; an output branch of the first laser output module is connected with an iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module, the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module is connected with a frequency stabilization control module, and the frequency stabilization control module is connected with the first laser output module; the other output branch of the first laser output module is connected with the beam combining module; the beam combining module is connected with the heterodyne phase locking module, the heterodyne phase locking module is connected with the second laser output module, and the second laser output module is connected with the second frequency conversion module; the other output branch of the second laser output module is connected with the beam combining module.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of lasers, in particular to a laser frequency stabilization system of a near ultraviolet band.
Background
Cold atom physics is a physical branch used to study the properties of atoms/molecules at ultra-low temperatures. Wherein cold atoms refer to atoms cooled to near absolute zero by the related art. The motion speed of the cold atoms is very slow, and the energy level structure is stable, so compared with the cold atoms, the cold atoms have more definite quantum states, the control of the quantum states such as outer electron spin, atomic magnetic moment and the like is facilitated, and meanwhile, the change of the cold atom quantum states can control the optical signals in turn, so that the information processing process is completed.
In practical application, the laser with the wavelength range of 200-400nm is of great importance in the field of cold atom physics. In the field of cold atom physics, the laser in the near ultraviolet band generally needs to be used after frequency stabilization. The frequency stabilization methods can be broadly divided into two types: the first is to stabilize the frequency by utilizing the atomic spectral line center frequency; another type is frequency stabilization using a relative frequency reference source, such as an optical reference cavity or the like. Based on this, the inventors have at least the following technical problems in the related art:
in the related art, most of the lasers in the near ultraviolet band with the wavelength range of 200-400nm are difficult to directly stabilize by utilizing the atomic spectral line center frequency, so that the optical reference cavity is generally required to be utilized for stabilizing the frequency, particularly, a method for locking the lasers onto one optical reference cavity is adopted, however, in the method, the optical reference cavity can only provide one relative frequency standard, and the technical problem of long-term wavelength drift caused by the influence of environmental factors is often caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a laser frequency stabilization system of a near ultraviolet band, which can output near ultraviolet light with higher stability and does not have the technical problem of long-term drift.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the utility model provides a laser frequency stabilization system of a near ultraviolet band, which comprises a first device 1 and a second device 2; the first device 1 comprises a first laser output module 10, a first frequency conversion module 20, an iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30 and a frequency stabilization control module 40; the second device 2 includes a second laser output module 50, a heterodyne phase lock module 60, a beam combining module 70, and a second frequency conversion module 80;
an output branch of the first laser output module 10 is connected with an input end of the first frequency conversion module 20, an output end of the first frequency conversion module 20 is connected with an input end of the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30, an output end of the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30 is connected with an input end of the frequency stabilization control module 40, and an output end of the frequency stabilization control module 40 is connected with an input end of the first laser output module 10; wherein the other output branch of the first laser output module 10 is connected with the input end of the beam combining module 70;
the output end of the beam combining module 70 is connected with the input end of the heterodyne phase locking module 60, the output end of the heterodyne phase locking module 60 is connected with the input end of the second laser output module 50, and the output end of the second laser output module 50 is connected with the input end of the second frequency conversion module 80; the other output branch of the second laser output module 50 is connected to the input end of the beam combining module 70.
Compared with the prior art, the energy level of the iodine molecules can be considered absolute in the field, and through the near ultraviolet band laser frequency stabilization system provided by the application, the first path of laser emitted by the first device is locked on the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module after being subjected to frequency conversion by the first frequency conversion module; after the second device performs frequency locking by a heterodyne phase locking mode, the frequency difference between the second device and the first device is also a stable frequency, so that the frequency of laser output by the system is also a stable frequency. And because iodine molecules have a plurality of absorption peaks in the wave band of 500-700nm, the stable laser output by the system can almost cover the near ultraviolet wave band through the cooperation of iodine spectrum frequency stabilization and heterodyne phase locking. In addition, the frequency of the laser locked on the iodine spectrum cannot drift for a long time due to the influence of environmental factors and the like, and the frequency difference of the phase lock cannot drift for a long time, so that the frequency of the laser in the output near ultraviolet band cannot drift for a long time.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements, and in which the figures of the drawings are not to be taken in a limiting sense, unless otherwise indicated.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser frequency stabilization system in a near ultraviolet band according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a laser frequency stabilization system in the near ultraviolet band according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another near ultraviolet band laser frequency stabilization system according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a laser frequency stabilization system in the near ultraviolet band according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser frequency stabilization system for an ultraviolet band in an application example according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that in various embodiments of the present utility model, numerous technical details have been set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solutions claimed in the claims of the present application can be realized without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
The following terms are used herein.
Laser: the electrons in the atoms absorb energy and then transition from a low energy level to a high energy level, and then release the energy released when the electrons fall back from the high energy level to the low energy level and release the energy in the form of photons, wherein the optical characteristics of the photons are highly consistent.
Long-term drift: this text refers in particular to wavelength (frequency) drift.
Modulation transfer spectrum, english full name Modulation Transfer Spectrum, abbreviated "MTS".
Heterodyne: one electromagnetic frequency is combined with a different frequency to produce a beat. The beat refers to a signal reaction after the interference wave is received and output. When the wave signals with two different frequencies interact to form a periodic change, the amplitude is periodically increased or decreased according to the difference between the two frequencies, and the amplitude modulation and the up-and-down fluctuation of the wave occur.
Phase locking: is a technique for controlling the phase of a controlled oscillator by a standard signal or an extraneous signal to achieve phase synchronization with the extraneous signal or to track the frequency or phase of the extraneous signal. Phase lock is an abbreviation for phase lock, which means phase synchronization between two signals. The oscillator is the seed laser in the application document.
Seed light: refers to light from a light source that is used to amplify or frequency convert the light.
A beam splitter: is an optical device that can split a beam of light into two or more beams of light.
Seed laser: a laser that generates seed light for an amplifier or other laser.
Absorption peak: the maximum absorption value corresponding to the center wavelength on the curve of the absorption degree with the change of the wavelength in the absorption spectrum. The absorption spectrum refers to a spectrum generated by a substance absorbing photons and transitioning from a low energy level to a high energy level.
Frequency locking: frequency locking is herein absolute frequency locking, i.e. locking the laser frequency to a certain gas absorption line.
Frequency multiplication, english acronym Frequency Multiplier, in electronic circuits, the generation of an output signal frequency that is an integer multiple of the input signal frequency is called frequency multiplication. Assuming that the input signal frequency is n, the first frequency multiplication 2n, respectively 3n,4n … …, etc. is referred to as frequency multiplication.
The embodiment provided by the application relates to a laser frequency stabilization system of a near ultraviolet band. As shown in fig. 1, the system comprises a first device 1 and a second device 2; the first device 1 comprises a first laser output module 10, a first frequency conversion module 20, an iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30 and a frequency stabilization control module 40; the second device 2 comprises a second laser output module 50, a heterodyne phase lock module 60, a beam combining module 70 and a second frequency conversion module 80.
An output branch of the first laser output module 10 is connected with an input end of the first frequency conversion module 20, an output end of the first frequency conversion module 20 is connected with an input end of the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30, an output end of the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30 is connected with an input end of the frequency stabilization control module 40, and an output end of the frequency stabilization control module 40 is connected with an input end of the first laser output module 10; the other output branch of the first laser output module 10 is connected to the input end of the beam combining module 70.
The output end of the beam combining module 70 is connected with the input end of the heterodyne phase locking module 60, the output end of the heterodyne phase locking module 60 is connected with the input end of the second laser output module 50, and the output end of the second laser output module 50 is connected with the input end of the second frequency conversion module 80; the other output branch of the second laser output module 50 is connected to the input end of the beam combining module 70. Thus, the output end of the second frequency conversion module 80 can output the laser light with the near ultraviolet band with stable frequency.
Specifically, the embodiment of the application realizes laser frequency stabilization by utilizing frequency conversion of different lasers. After the frequency of most of the laser beams emitted by the first laser output module 10 of the first device 1 is converted by the first frequency conversion module 20, the laser beams can directly enter the iodine molecule modulation and transfer spectrum module 30 to generate an error signal, then the laser beams emitted by the first laser output module 10 are subjected to frequency stabilization by the frequency stabilization control module 40, and a small part of the laser beams emitted by the first laser output module 10 enter the beam combination module 70 of the second device 2; a small part of the laser light emitted by the second laser output module 50 also enters the beam combining module 70, and enters the heterodyne phase locking module 60 after being combined with a small part of the laser light emitted by the first laser output module 10, so that the frequency stability of the laser light emitted by the second laser output module 50 is realized through the heterodyne phase locking module 60, and most of the laser light emitted by the second laser output module 50 enters the second frequency conversion module 80, and the laser light with the near ultraviolet band with stable frequency can be output after being subjected to frequency conversion through the second frequency conversion module 80.
The laser output by the first laser output module 10 can directly enter the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30 after being subjected to frequency conversion by the first frequency conversion module 20, so that abundant energy levels of iodine molecules in a wave band range of 500-700nm can be utilized for frequency locking. The laser output by the second laser output module 50 is locked on the laser output by the first laser output module 10 in a heterodyne phase locking mode with a certain frequency difference, and then the laser can be converted into and output laser in a near ultraviolet band by using the second frequency conversion module 80. It can be seen that in the embodiment of the application, the frequency of the laser can be precisely positioned to the laser frequency required by the cold atom physical or quantum information experiment by flexibly utilizing frequency conversion and heterodyne phase locking.
In some examples, the second frequency conversion module 80 may perform frequency conversion using frequency-tripled or frequency-quadrupled conversion.
Compared with the prior art, the energy level of the iodine molecules can be considered absolute in the field, and the first path of laser emitted by the first device is locked on the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module after being subjected to frequency conversion by the first frequency conversion module through the near ultraviolet band laser frequency stabilization system; after the second device performs frequency locking by a heterodyne phase locking mode, the frequency difference between the second device and the first device is also a stable frequency, so that the frequency of laser output by the system is also a stable frequency. And because iodine molecules have a plurality of absorption peaks in the wave band of 500-700nm, the stable laser output by the system can almost cover the near ultraviolet wave band through the cooperation of iodine spectrum frequency stabilization and heterodyne phase locking. In addition, the frequency of the laser locked on the iodine spectrum cannot drift for a long time due to the influence of environmental factors and the like, and the frequency difference of the phase lock cannot drift for a long time, so that the frequency of the laser in the output near ultraviolet band cannot drift for a long time.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the first laser output module 10 may include a first seed laser 110 and a first beam splitter 120, where an output end of the first seed laser 110 is connected to an input end of the first beam splitter 120; the output end of the frequency stabilization control module 40 is connected with the input end of the first seed laser 110, the output end of the first beam splitter 120 is connected with the input end of the first frequency conversion module 20, and the output end of the first frequency conversion module 20 is connected with the input end of the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30.
Specifically, in some examples, most of the laser light emitted by the first laser output module 10 of the first apparatus 1 may be subjected to frequency conversion by the first frequency conversion module 20, and the laser light after frequency conversion is further subjected to the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30 to generate an error signal, and then the laser light emitted by the first laser output module 10 is subjected to frequency stabilization by the frequency stabilization control module 40.
It should be noted that, the frequency conversion manner of the first frequency conversion module 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application is different from the frequency conversion manner of the second frequency conversion module 80 in the following embodiment. For example, the first frequency conversion module 20 may be frequency-doubled, and the second frequency conversion module 80 may be frequency-tripled or frequency-quadrupled.
Specifically, after the laser light emitted by the first seed laser 110 in the first laser output module 10 passes through the first beam splitter 120, most of the laser light passes through the first frequency conversion module 20 to be frequency-converted, and then directly enters the iodine molecule modulation and transfer spectrum module 30 to generate an error signal, and then the laser light emitted by the first seed laser 110 is frequency-stabilized by the frequency stabilizing control module 40, and a small part of the laser light output by the first beam splitter 120 enters the beam combining module 70 of the second device 2.
In some examples, the majority of the laser may be 90% power split and the minority of the laser may be 10% power split. Of course, this is merely an example, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this, and the practical phenomena should be regarded as the main points of the present application.
In some embodiments of the present application, the laser light emitted by the first seed laser 110 is a laser light having a wavelength within a first preset range, where the laser light having a wavelength within the first preset range may be a laser light in a wavelength band of 1000nm-1200 nm.
In some embodiments of the present application, the frequency stabilization control module 40 may be a servo controller.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the second laser output module 50 includes a second seed laser 510 and a second beam splitter 520, where an output end of the second seed laser 510 is connected to an input end of the second beam splitter 520; an output end of the heterodyne phase lock module 60 is connected to an input end of the second seed laser 510, and an output end of the second beam splitter 520 is connected to an input end of the second frequency conversion module 80.
Specifically, after the laser light emitted by the second seed laser 510 in the second laser output module 50 passes through the second beam splitter 520, a small part of the laser light also enters the beam combining module 70, and after the laser light emitted by the first seed laser 110 passes through the first beam splitter 120, the small part of the laser light is combined and enters the heterodyne phase-locked module 60, the frequency stabilization of the laser light emitted by the second seed laser 510 is realized through the heterodyne phase-locked module 60, and most of the laser light of the second beam splitter 520 enters the second frequency conversion module 80, and after the laser light is subjected to frequency conversion through the second frequency conversion module 80, the laser light with a near ultraviolet band with stable frequency can be output.
In some examples, the majority of the laser may be 90% power split and the minority of the laser may be 10% power split. Of course, this is merely an example, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this, and the practical phenomena should be regarded as the main points of the present application.
In addition, it should be noted that the embodiments of the present application may also be modified based on the first and any other provided embodiments.
In some embodiments of the present application, the laser light emitted by the second seed laser 510 is a laser light having a wavelength within a second predetermined range from 1 μm. That is, embodiments of the present application may employ two laser light sources having wavelengths around 1 μm or longer.
In practical applications, the second preset range and the first preset range mentioned in the above embodiments should be substantially the same, and specific values thereof may be set according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, the heterodyne phase lock module 60 may include a beat frequency detector 610 and a phase lock sub-module 620, where an output terminal of the beat frequency detector 610 is connected to an input terminal of the phase lock sub-module 620; an output end of the beam combining module 70 is connected to an input end of the beat frequency detector 610, and an output end of the phase locking sub-module 620 is connected to an input end of the second seed laser 510.
Specifically, after the laser light emitted by the second seed laser 510 in the second laser output module 50 passes through the second beam splitter 520, a small part of the laser light also enters the beam combining module 70, and after the laser light emitted by the first seed laser 110 passes through the first beam splitter 120, a small part of the laser light is combined and enters the beat frequency detector 610, and then heterodyne phase locking is performed through the phase locking sub-module 620, so that the frequency stability of the laser light emitted by the second seed laser 510 is realized.
In some embodiments of the present application, the beam combining module 70 may be a beam combiner.
For ease of understanding, a specific example of application is provided herein, as may be seen in fig. 5.
The first device 1 comprises a first seed laser 110, a first beam splitter 120, a first frequency conversion module 20, an iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30 and a frequency stabilization control module 40; the second device 2 includes a second seed laser 510, a second beam splitter 520, a second frequency conversion module 80, a beam combining module 70, a beat detector 610, and a phase lock sub-module 620. Wherein, the frequency stabilization control module 40 is a servo controller, and the beam combining module 70 is a beam combiner.
The output end of the first seed laser 110 is connected with the input end of the first beam splitter 120, one branch of the first beam splitter 120 is connected with the input end of the first frequency conversion module 20, the output end of the first frequency conversion module 20 is connected with the input end of the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30, the output end of the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30 is connected with the input end of the servo controller, and the output end of the servo controller is connected with the input end of the first seed laser 110; wherein the other branch of the first beam splitter 120 is connected to the input end of the beam combiner;
the output end of the beam combiner is connected with the input end of the beat frequency detector 610, the output end of the beat frequency detector 610 is connected with the input end of the phase-locked sub-module 620, the output end of the phase-locked sub-module 620 is connected with the input end of the second seed laser 510, the output end of the second seed laser 510 is connected with the input end of the second beam splitter 520, and the output end of the second beam splitter 520 is connected with the second frequency conversion module 80.
Specifically, after the laser light emitted by the first seed laser 110 in the first laser output module 10 passes through the first beam splitter 120, most of the laser light enters the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module 30 after passing through the first frequency conversion module 20 so as to generate an error signal, and then the laser light emitted by the first seed laser 110 is stabilized by the frequency stabilizing control module 40, and a small part of the laser light output by the first beam splitter 120 enters the beam combining module 70 of the second device 2. After the laser emitted by the second seed laser 510 in the second laser output module 50 passes through the second beam splitter 520, a small part of the laser also enters the beam combining module 70, and after the laser emitted by the first seed laser 110 passes through the first beam splitter 120, the small part of the laser is combined and enters the heterodyne phase-locked module 60, the frequency stabilization of the laser emitted by the second seed laser 510 is realized through the heterodyne phase-locked module 60, and most of the laser emitted by the second beam splitter 520 enters the second frequency conversion module 80, and after the laser is subjected to frequency conversion by the second frequency conversion module 80, the laser with a near ultraviolet band with stable frequency can be output.
For example, the first path 1108nm laser is locked by frequency doubling to 554nm and using iodine spectrum, the second path 1108nm laser is locked on the first path by heterodyning, and then frequency tripled to 369nm laser, which can be used as cooling light of ytterbium ions. It can be seen that in the embodiment of the application, the frequency of the laser can be precisely positioned to the laser frequency required by the cold atom physical or quantum information experiment by flexibly utilizing frequency conversion and heterodyne phase locking.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples of carrying out the utility model and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. A laser frequency stabilization system in the near ultraviolet band, characterized in that it comprises a first device (1) and a second device (2); the first device (1) comprises a first laser output module (10), a first frequency conversion module (20), an iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module (30) and a frequency stabilization control module (40); the second device (2) comprises a second laser output module (50), a heterodyne phase locking module (60), a beam combining module (70) and a second frequency conversion module (80);
an output branch of the first laser output module (10) is connected with the input end of the first frequency conversion module (20), the output end of the first frequency conversion module (20) is connected with the input end of the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module (30), the output end of the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module (30) is connected with the input end of the frequency stabilization control module (40), and the output end of the frequency stabilization control module (40) is connected with the input end of the first laser output module (10); the other output branch of the first laser output module (10) is connected with the input end of the beam combining module (70);
the output end of the beam combining module (70) is connected with the input end of the heterodyne phase locking module (60), the output end of the heterodyne phase locking module (60) is connected with the input end of the second laser output module (50), and the output end of the second laser output module (50) is connected with the input end of the second frequency conversion module (80); the other output branch of the second laser output module (50) is connected with the input end of the beam combining module (70).
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first laser output module (10) comprises a first seed laser (110) and a first beam splitter (120), an output of the first seed laser (110) being connected to an input of the first beam splitter (120);
the output end of the frequency stabilization control module (40) is connected with the input end of the first seed laser (110), the output end of the first beam splitter (120) is connected with the input end of the first frequency conversion module (20), and the output end of the first frequency conversion module (20) is connected with the input end of the iodine molecule modulation transfer spectrum module (30).
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the laser light emitted by the first seed laser (110) is laser light having a wavelength within a first predetermined range of wavelengths differing from 1 μm.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the frequency stabilization control module (40) is a servo controller.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the second laser output module (50) comprises a second seed laser (510) and a second beam splitter (520), an output of the second seed laser (510) being connected to an input of the second beam splitter (520);
the output end of the heterodyne phase lock module (60) is connected with the input end of the second seed laser (510), and the output end of the second beam splitter (520) is connected with the input end of the second frequency conversion module (80).
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the laser light emitted by the second seed laser is a laser light having a wavelength within a second predetermined range of wavelengths differing from 1 μm.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the heterodyne phase lock module (60) includes a beat detector (610) and a phase lock sub-module (620), an output of the beat detector (610) being coupled to an input of the phase lock sub-module (620);
the output end of the beam combination module (70) is connected with the input end of the beat frequency detector (610), and the output end of the phase locking sub-module (620) is connected with the input end of the second seed laser (510).
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the beam combining module (70) is a beam combiner.
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