CN218943489U

CN218943489U - Fracture reduction guider

Info

Publication number: CN218943489U
Application number: CN202221907972.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张巍; 王军松; 康晓琪; 马睿; 李猛; 彭新阳; 赵军; 杨晗; 段红平
Original assignee: Fourth Medical Center General Hospital of Chinese PLA
Current assignee: Fourth Medical Center General Hospital of Chinese PLA
Priority date: 2022-07-22
Filing date: 2022-07-22
Publication date: 2023-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fracture reduction guide, which belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and comprises a guide main body, wherein a first positioning clamping part and a second positioning clamping part which are used for being placed on two sides of a bone and can relatively move to clamp a fracture block, and a locking device which is used for locking after the first positioning clamping part and the second positioning clamping part relatively move are arranged on the guide main body; the first positioning clamping part is provided with a Kirschner wire hole, and the tail ends of the Kirschner wire hole and the second positioning clamping part are positioned on the same axis. The fracture reduction guide device can firmly fix the fracture block, the two positioning clamping parts always clamp and fix the fracture block, the secondary displacement of the fracture block is not easy to cause, the implantation direction of the Kirschner wire is ensured, the secondary trauma or the fixation failure of contralateral soft tissues is not easy to cause, the operation is simple and convenient, and the ideal reduction fixation can be achieved without repeated operation for a plurality of times.

Description

Fracture reduction guider

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to a fracture reduction guide device.

Background

Clinical orthopedic surgery is generally classified into four stages from simple to complex: primary surgery mainly refers to debridement, reduction of limb fracture dislocation surgery, or bone traction surgery; the secondary operation mainly refers to traumatic tendon repair, simple open fracture treatment and simple operation trauma treatment; the three-stage operation mainly refers to complex limb, diaphyseal fracture internal fixation operation, intra-articular fracture operation, complex hand trauma treatment, bone orthopedic operation and large joint focus removal operation; the four-stage operation mainly refers to operations of cervical vertebra parts, such as anterior/posterior operations of cervical vertebra, semi-joint/total joint replacement, revision, scoliosis orthopaedics and the like.

In the surgical fracture operation, when the broken bone block or the fracture needs to be temporarily fixed, the conventional operation mode generally uses a Kirschner wire for temporary fixation, and the Kirschner wire is generally implanted by visual inspection of an implantation angle or by using a unilateral guiding drill sleeve. The current temporary fixing mode has the following problems: 1. the implantation direction of the Kirschner wire cannot be accurately controlled during fixation, and secondary trauma or fixation failure of contralateral soft tissues are easily caused; 2. when the Kirschner wire is used for resetting and fixing, the Kirschner wire cannot be reset according to an ideal position, and repeated operation is needed for achieving ideal resetting and fixing; 3. when the Kirschner wire is implanted for fixation after the reduction of the fracture block, the secondary displacement of the fracture block is easy to be caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing the fracture reduction guide device which can accurately control the implantation direction of the Kirschner wire, is simple and convenient to operate and is not easy to cause secondary displacement of a fracture block.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a fracture reduction director, includes the director main part, be equipped with on the director main part and be used for placing in the skeleton both sides can the relative movement with the first location clamping part and the second location clamping part of centre gripping fracture piece, and be used for locking device that carries out locking behind first location clamping part and the relative movement of second location clamping part, wherein:

positioning teeth are arranged on the inner side end surface of the first positioning clamping part;

the first positioning clamping part is provided with a Kirschner wire hole, and the tail ends of the Kirschner wire hole and the second positioning clamping part are positioned on the same axis.

Further, the director main part is the arc main part, the one end of arc main part is equipped with guiding hole and intercommunication the spacing hole of guiding hole, the other end inboard of arc main part is equipped with the guide pin bushing, wherein:

the guide hole is slidably connected with a guide, the inner side end part of the guide is used as the first positioning clamping part, the inner side end surface of the guide is provided with the positioning teeth, the central hole of the guide is used as the Kirschner pin hole, and the limiting hole is internally provided with the locking device;

the guide sleeve is used as the second positioning clamping part.

Further, positioning teeth are arranged on the inner side end face of the guide sleeve;

and/or a central hole for the kirschner wire to pass through is formed in the guide sleeve, and the central hole of the guide sleeve and the kirschner wire hole are positioned on the same axis.

Further, the guide body includes a first body portion and a second body portion that are separate and disposed opposite to each other, wherein:

the front end of the first main body part is provided with a first arc-shaped part which is bent inwards, the first arc-shaped part is used as the first positioning clamping part, the tail end of the first arc-shaped part is provided with the positioning teeth, the tail end of the first arc-shaped part is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is used as the Kirschner pin hole;

the front end of the second main body part is provided with a second arc-shaped part which is bent inwards, and the second arc-shaped part is used as the second positioning clamping part;

one of the first main body part and the second main body part is provided with a mounting hole, the other one is provided with a guide hole and a limiting hole communicated with the guide hole, a guide device is arranged in the mounting hole, the guide device penetrates through and is in sliding connection with the guide hole, and the limiting hole is internally provided with the locking device.

Further, one end of the guide is provided with a stop part, the guide is installed in the installation hole in a penetrating mode, and the stop part is located on the outer side of the installation hole.

Further, a guide rod is fixedly arranged in the middle of one of the first main body part and the second main body part, and a guide rod guide hole matched with the guide rod is formed in the other one of the first main body part and the second main body part.

Furthermore, the guide rod and the guide rod guide hole are square;

and/or, the first and second arcuate portions are each tapered distally.

Further, the locking device is a unidirectional locking device which enables the guide to move inwards in the guide hole and not to retract, one side of the outer surface of the guide is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves distributed along the length direction, the unidirectional locking device comprises a unidirectional clamping block installed in the limiting hole, and the tail end of the unidirectional clamping block is provided with a positioning boss matched with the positioning groove.

Further, the spacing hole includes be close to the fixture block installation cavity of guiding hole, keep away from the jackscrew installation cavity of guiding hole, and be located the fixture block installation cavity is with the spring installation cavity between the jackscrew installation cavity, wherein:

the unidirectional clamping block is axially movable and circumferentially rotation-stopping and is assembled in the clamping block installation cavity, a jackscrew is spirally assembled in the jackscrew installation cavity, a spring is arranged in the spring installation cavity, one end of the spring abuts against the unidirectional clamping block, and the other end of the spring abuts against the jackscrew.

Further, the unidirectional fixture block comprises a fixture block main body, the head end of the fixture block main body is provided with an annular boss, and the fixture block installation cavity comprises a small-diameter section for accommodating the fixture block main body and a large-diameter section for accommodating the annular boss, wherein:

the outer surface of annular boss is equipped with the reference column of vertical extension, be equipped with on the inside wall of the big footpath section of fixture block installation cavity with reference column matched with constant head tank.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the fracture reduction guide device is characterized in that a guide body is provided with a first positioning clamping part and a second positioning clamping part which are arranged on two sides of a bone and can move relatively to clamp a fracture block, and a locking device which is used for locking after the first positioning clamping part and the second positioning clamping part move relatively, so that the two positioning clamping parts can be locked and positioned conveniently, and the fracture reduction guide device is convenient to use in operation; the inner side end surface of the first positioning clamping part is provided with positioning teeth so as to firmly fix the fracture block, and the two positioning clamping parts always clamp and fix the fracture block to prevent the fracture block from displacement, so that secondary displacement of the fracture block is not easy to be caused when the Kirschner wire is implanted for fixation after the fracture block is reset; be equipped with the kirschner wire hole on the first location clamping part, the end of kirschner wire hole and second location clamping part is located same axis to guarantee the implantation direction of kirschner wire, can accurately control the implantation direction of kirschner wire like this when fixed fracture piece, be difficult for causing offside soft tissue secondary wound or fixed inefficacy, and easy and simple to handle need not repeated operation and can reach ideal reset fixation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fracture reduction guide according to embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the guide body of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the guide of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the guide sleeve of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the unidirectional latch of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the spring of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the jack screw of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the Kirschner wire of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the state of use of embodiment 1 of the fracture reduction guide of the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of an embodiment 2 of the fracture reduction guide of the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the first body portion of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the second body portion of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the guide bar of FIG. 10;

fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the state of use of embodiment 2 of the fracture reduction guide of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

The utility model provides a fracture reduction guide, as shown in fig. 1-14, comprising a guide main body 1, wherein the guide main body 1 is provided with a first positioning clamping part 11 and a second positioning clamping part 12 which are used for being placed on two sides of a bone 10 and can relatively move so as to clamp a fracture block 20, and a locking device used for locking after the first positioning clamping part 11 and the second positioning clamping part 12 relatively move, wherein:

the inner side end surface of the first positioning clamping part 11 is provided with positioning teeth 13 (specifically, can be mouse teeth);

the first positioning and clamping part 11 is provided with a k-wire hole 14, and the tail ends of the k-wire hole 14 and the second positioning and clamping part 12 are positioned on the same axis.

During operation, the fracture position is exposed by anesthesia and opening, the first positioning clamping part 11 and the second positioning clamping part 12 of the guider main body 1 are respectively placed on two sides of the skeleton 10, then the two positioning clamping parts are driven to relatively move to clamp the fracture block 20 to conduct pressurized reduction on the fracture block 20 so as to reset and fix the fracture position, after the two positioning clamping parts relatively move to the proper positions, the two positioning clamping parts are locked and positioned by utilizing the locking device, and finally the Kirschner wire 2 sequentially passes through the Kirschner wire hole 14 of the first positioning clamping part 11 and the fracture block 20 until the tail end of the second positioning clamping part 12 is reached to temporarily fix the fracture block 20.

The fracture reduction guide device is characterized in that a guide body is provided with a first positioning clamping part and a second positioning clamping part which are arranged on two sides of a bone and can move relatively to clamp a fracture block, and a locking device which is used for locking after the first positioning clamping part and the second positioning clamping part move relatively, so that the two positioning clamping parts can be locked and positioned conveniently, and the fracture reduction guide device is convenient to use in operation; the inner side end surface of the first positioning clamping part is provided with positioning teeth so as to firmly fix the fracture block, the two positioning clamping parts always clamp and fix the fracture block, the fracture block is prevented from being displaced, and secondary displacement of the fracture block is not easy to cause when the Kirschner wire is implanted for fixation after the fracture block is reset; be equipped with the kirschner wire hole on the first location clamping part, the end of kirschner wire hole and second location clamping part is located same axis to guarantee the implantation direction of kirschner wire, can accurately control the implantation direction of kirschner wire like this when fixed fracture piece, be difficult for causing offside soft tissue secondary wound or fixed inefficacy, and easy and simple to handle need not repeated operation and can reach ideal reset fixation. The utility model is mainly suitable for surgical fracture operation.

Depending on the structural form of the guide body 1, the first positioning and clamping portion 11 and the second positioning and clamping portion 12, the present utility model may have the following embodiments:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1-9, the guide body 1 may be an arcuate body designed to avoid soft tissue and expose the surgical field;

one end of the arc-shaped main body is provided with a guide hole 15 and a limit hole 16 communicated with the guide hole 15 (specifically, the axis of the limit hole 16 can be perpendicular to the axis of the guide hole 15), the inner side of the other end of the arc-shaped main body is provided with a guide sleeve 17 (specifically, the other end of the arc-shaped main body can be provided with a guide sleeve mounting hole 23, and the guide sleeve 17 can be welded or clamped in the guide sleeve mounting hole 23), wherein:

a guide 18 is slidably connected in the guide hole 15, the inner end part of the guide 18 is used as a first positioning clamping part 11, positioning teeth 13 are arranged on the inner end surface of the guide 18, the central hole of the guide 18 is used as a Kirschner wire hole 14, and a locking device is arranged in the limiting hole 16;

the guide sleeve 17 serves as the second positioning clamp 12.

When in use, the guide 18 and the guide sleeve 17 are respectively placed on two sides of the bone 10, then the guide 18 is pushed inwards to clamp the fracture block 20 to carry out compression reduction on the fracture block 20, the position of the guide 18 is locked and positioned by the locking device, and finally the Kirschner wire 2 is used to pass through the central hole of the guide 18 to temporarily fix the fracture block 20.

The embodiment has simple structure, convenient operation and convenient use in operation, can firmly fix the fracture block, prevent the fracture block from displacing, can accurately control the implantation direction of the Kirschner wire, is not easy to cause secondary trauma or fixation failure of contralateral soft tissues, and can achieve ideal reduction fixation without repeated operation.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the guide sleeve 17 is preferably provided with positioning teeth 171 on an inner end surface thereof to firmly fix the bone 10, preferably preventing the fracture block 20 from being displaced. The central hole 172 for the kirschner wire 2 to pass through can be arranged in the guide sleeve 17, and the central hole 172 of the guide sleeve 17 and the kirschner wire hole 14 are positioned on the same axis, so that the implantation direction of the kirschner wire 2 is well ensured, and secondary trauma or fixation failure of contralateral soft tissues is not easy to cause. As shown in fig. 8, the head of the k-wire 2 may have a triangular structure to facilitate implantation.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 10 to 14, the guide body 1 may include a first body portion 1a and a second body portion 1b which are separated and disposed opposite to each other, wherein:

the front end of the first main body part 1a is provided with a first arc-shaped part which is bent inwards, the first arc-shaped part is used as a first positioning clamping part 11, the tail end of the first arc-shaped part is provided with a positioning tooth 13, the tail end of the first arc-shaped part is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is used as a Kirschner pin hole 14;

the front end of the second main body part 1b is provided with a second arc-shaped part which is bent inwards and is used as a second positioning clamping part 12;

one of the first body portion 1a and the second body portion 1b is provided with a mounting hole 11a (specifically, the mounting hole 11a may be a counter bore, the axis of the mounting hole 11a is collinear with the axis of the guiding hole 15), the other is provided with a guiding hole 15 and a limiting hole 16 (specifically, the axis of the limiting hole 16 may be perpendicular to the axis of the guiding hole 15) for communicating the guiding hole 15, a guide 18 is provided in the mounting hole 11a, the guide 18 passes through and is slidably connected in the guiding hole 15, and a locking device is mounted in the limiting hole 16. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the first body portion 1a is provided with a mounting hole 11a, and the second body portion 1b is provided with a guide hole 15 and a limiting hole 16 communicating with the guide hole 15.

When in use, the first arc-shaped part of the first main body part 1a and the second arc-shaped part of the second main body part 1b are respectively placed on two sides of the bone 10, then the two arc-shaped parts are driven to move relatively to clamp the fracture block 20 for carrying out compression reduction on the fracture block 20, in the process, the guide 18 passes through and is connected in the guide hole 15 in a sliding way, then the position of the guide 18 is locked and positioned by utilizing the locking device, and finally the Kirschner wire 2 passes through the through hole at the tail end of the first arc-shaped part to temporarily fix the fracture block 20.

Both the first and second arcuate portions are preferably tapered distally to further facilitate avoiding fixation of soft tissue to irregular surfaces of bone 10.

In this embodiment, the front end of the first main body portion 1a and the front end of the second main body portion 1b are respectively provided with a first arc portion and a second arc portion which are bent inwards, so that a large space is not required during access, soft tissues are conveniently avoided to be fixed on an irregular surface of the skeleton 10, operation is convenient, use in operation is convenient, the fracture block 20 can be firmly fixed, the fracture block 20 is prevented from being displaced, the implantation direction of the kirschner wire 2 can be accurately controlled, secondary wounds or fixation failures of contralateral soft tissues are not easy to cause, and ideal reset fixation can be achieved without repeated operation for many times.

Further, as shown in fig. 10, one end of the guide 18 may be provided with a stop portion 182, where the guide 18 is installed in the installation hole 11a in a penetrating manner, and the stop portion is located outside the installation hole 11 a; it is contemplated that the guide 18 may be secured within the mounting hole 11 a.

As shown in fig. 10-13, a guide rod 15' may be fixedly (specifically, may be riveted) disposed at the middle of one of the first body portion 1a and the second body portion 1b, and a guide rod guide hole 16' matched with the guide rod 15' is disposed on the other one, that is, the axis of the guide rod 15' is collinear with the axis of the guide rod guide hole 16', so that when the two body portions relatively move, the guide rod 15' is slidably connected in the guide rod guide hole 16' to better limit the moving direction of the two body portions. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, a guide rod 15' is fixedly arranged in the middle of the first main body part 1a, and a guide rod guide hole 16' matched with the guide rod 15' is formed in the second main body part 1 b. The guide rod 15' and the guide rod guide hole 16' are preferably square, specifically, the guide rod 15' may have a pair of planes and a pair of cambered surfaces which are oppositely arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the shape of the guide rod guide hole 16' is adapted to the guide rod 15 '.

In the above embodiment, the locking means may take various structural forms, such as latch locking, ratchet locking, etc., which will be easily recognized by those skilled in the art, however, the following structural forms are preferable for the convenience of implementation:

as shown in fig. 1 and 10, the locking device is a unidirectional locking device which enables the guide 18 to move inward only in the guide hole 15 and not to retract, one side of the outer surface of the guide 18 is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 181 (right angle grooves) arranged along the length direction, the unidirectional locking device comprises a unidirectional clamping block 19 installed in the limiting hole 16, the tail end of the unidirectional clamping block 19 is provided with a positioning boss 191 (right angle boss) matched with the positioning groove 181, that is, the positioning groove 181 of the guide 18 can only pass the positioning boss 191 of the unidirectional clamping block 19 forward only inwards, and cannot pass backward.

When the locking is performed (namely, the positioning boss 191 of the unidirectional clamping block 19 is positioned in the positioning groove 181 of the guide 18), the guide 18 can only move inwards and forwards in the guide hole 15 and cannot fall back, namely, the two positioning clamping parts can only move relatively; when unlocking, the guide 18 can be rotated to enable the positioning groove 181 of the guide 18 and the positioning boss 191 of the unidirectional clamping block 19 to be staggered, and the guide 18 can axially and freely move in the guide hole 15. To facilitate rotation of the guide 18, the trailing end of the guide 18 may be provided with a knob 182, which knob 182 may also act as a stop in embodiment 2.

As shown in fig. 2, 5 and 12, the limiting hole 16 may include a cartridge mounting cavity 161 near the guide hole 15, a jack screw mounting cavity 162 remote from the guide hole 15, and a spring mounting cavity 163 between the cartridge mounting cavity 161 and the jack screw mounting cavity 162, wherein:

the unidirectional clamping block 19 is axially movable and circumferentially rotation-stopping and is assembled in the clamping block mounting cavity 161, the jackscrew 21 is spirally assembled in the jackscrew mounting cavity 162 (specifically, the jackscrew 21 can be of an inner hole inner hexagonal design so as to be convenient to screw in and reduce the length), the spring 22 is arranged in the spring mounting cavity 163, one end of the spring 22 abuts against the unidirectional clamping block 19, the other end of the spring 22 abuts against the jackscrew 21, at the moment, the unidirectional clamping block 19, the spring 22 and the jackscrew 21 jointly form a unidirectional locking device, and therefore the elastic force of the spring 22 can be adjusted by adjusting the depth of the jackscrew 21, and further the force between the positioning boss 191 of the unidirectional clamping block 19 and the positioning groove 181 of the guide 18 is in a reasonable range, so that the guide 18 is not influenced to move inwards in the guide hole 15, the retraction can be well prevented, and the displacement of the guide 18 is limited.

Continuing to show in fig. 2, 5 and 12, in order to make the unidirectional clamping block 19 axially movable, circumferentially rotationally-locked to be assembled in the clamping block mounting cavity 161, and simultaneously prevent the unidirectional clamping block 19 from being disengaged, the unidirectional clamping block 19 may include a clamping block main body 192, a positioning boss 191 is provided at a tail end of the clamping block main body 192, an annular boss 193 (arc boss) is provided at a head end of the clamping block main body 192, and the clamping block mounting cavity 161 includes a small diameter section 1611 for accommodating the clamping block main body 192 and a large diameter section 1612 (arc hole) for accommodating the annular boss 193, wherein:

the outer surface of the annular boss 193 is provided with a longitudinally extending positioning post 194, and the inner side wall of the large diameter section 1612 of the fixture block mounting cavity 161 is provided with a positioning slot 1613 which is matched with the positioning post 194.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present utility model, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a fracture reduction director, its characterized in that includes the director main part, be equipped with on the director main part and be used for placing in bone both sides can relative movement in order to centre gripping fracture piece first location clamping part and second location clamping part, and be used for locking device after first location clamping part and second location clamping part relative movement, wherein:

2. The fracture reduction guide according to claim 1, wherein the guide body is an arc-shaped body, one end of the arc-shaped body is provided with a guide hole and a limit hole communicated with the guide hole, and the inner side of the other end of the arc-shaped body is provided with a guide sleeve, wherein:

the guide sleeve is used as the second positioning clamping part.

3. The fracture reduction guide according to claim 2, wherein positioning teeth are provided on an inner end surface of the guide sleeve;

4. The fracture reduction guide of claim 1, wherein the guide body comprises a first body portion and a second body portion that are separate and disposed opposite, wherein:

5. The fracture reduction guide according to claim 4, wherein one end of the guide is provided with a stop portion, the guide is installed in the mounting hole in a penetrating manner, and the stop portion is located outside the mounting hole.

6. The fracture reduction guide according to claim 4, wherein a guide rod is fixedly arranged in the middle of one of the first main body part and the second main body part, and a guide rod guide hole matched with the guide rod is formed in the other one of the first main body part and the second main body part.

7. The fracture reduction guide of claim 6, wherein the guide rod and guide rod guide holes are square;

and/or, the first and second arcuate portions are each tapered distally.

8. The fracture reduction guide according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the locking device is a one-way locking device which enables the guide to move inwards in the guide hole only and not to retract, one side of the outer surface of the guide is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves distributed along the length direction, the one-way locking device comprises a one-way clamping block installed in the limiting hole, and the tail end of the one-way clamping block is provided with a positioning boss matched with the positioning grooves.

9. The fracture reduction guide of claim 8, wherein the limiting aperture comprises a cartridge mounting cavity proximate the guide aperture, a jackscrew mounting cavity distal from the guide aperture, and a spring mounting cavity between the cartridge mounting cavity and the jackscrew mounting cavity, wherein:

10. The fracture reduction guide of claim 9, wherein the unidirectional cartridge comprises a cartridge body having an annular boss at a head end thereof, the cartridge mounting cavity comprising a small diameter section for receiving the cartridge body and a large diameter section for receiving the annular boss, wherein: