CN218936356U - Household garbage incineration-coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system - Google Patents
Household garbage incineration-coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN218936356U CN218936356U CN202222665559.9U CN202222665559U CN218936356U CN 218936356 U CN218936356 U CN 218936356U CN 202222665559 U CN202222665559 U CN 202222665559U CN 218936356 U CN218936356 U CN 218936356U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a household garbage incineration-coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system, which comprises a sludge dryer, wherein wet sludge to be dried is arranged in a cavity of the sludge dryer; the flue gas drying heat source is from hot flue gas generated by equipment comprising a garbage incinerator, a waste heat boiler, a deacidification tower, a dust remover, a first induced draft fan and a chimney, wherein the waste heat boiler, the deacidification tower, the dust remover, the first induced draft fan and the chimney are sequentially arranged along the flue gas direction, and the hot flue gas is introduced into a cavity of the sludge drying machine through the first pipeline on a flue gas pipeline between the first induced draft fan and the chimney to be in direct contact with wet sludge for countercurrent heat exchange; and the hot air drying heat source is used for taking air from the air heated by the ceramic heat exchanger in the waste heat boiler from the ambient hot air around the steam drum of the waste heat boiler, and introducing the ambient hot air heated by the ceramic heat exchanger into the sludge drying machine through a second pipeline. The system can greatly reduce the investment cost of sludge drying and incineration and make up the problem of insufficient garbage amount of a garbage power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of household garbage treatment equipment, in particular to a household garbage incineration-coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system.
Background
Municipal sludge is a byproduct in the municipal sewage treatment process, has the characteristics of high water content, complex components, large amounts of organic matters, bacteria, heavy metals, inorganic particles and the like, is easy to be decomposed and smelly, and can cause serious pollution to the environment due to improper treatment. Municipal sludge treatment should follow the principle of 'reduction, stabilization, harmlessness and recycling', and because the sludge contains a large amount of organic matters and a certain heat value, the municipal sludge treatment has the potential of energy utilization, and the incineration method is an internationally recognized high-efficiency sludge treatment technology, and has the advantages of high treatment speed, good volume reduction effect, complete harmlessness, energy recovery and the like, and is favored by users. However, the water content of the sludge is high, and the heat drying technology is generally adopted to reduce the water content of the sludge, so that the problems of high energy consumption, high cost and the like are caused, and the popularization and application of the sludge drying and incineration technology are severely restricted.
In recent years, the domestic garbage incineration power generation industry of China has rapidly developed, the domestic garbage incineration is coupled with sludge drying incineration power generation, and the sludge is dried by utilizing the flue gas waste heat of a domestic garbage power plant, so that the energy consumption in the sludge drying process is greatly reduced, an incineration system, a flue gas purification system and a sewage treatment system of the domestic garbage incineration power plant can be effectively utilized, the problems of high investment cost and high operation cost of independently constructing factories are avoided, and meanwhile, the problem of insufficient garbage is solved to a certain extent.
The sludge has high water content, influences the combustion stability in the hearth, becomes the biggest difficulty of an incineration method, and generally needs to be dried. Traditional heat drying is divided into direct drying and indirect drying according to whether a heat medium is contacted with sludge or not, and has the advantages of high treatment speed, high drying efficiency and the like, but has the defect of high energy consumption. In recent years, the household garbage incineration power generation industry featuring a mechanical grate furnace is rapidly developed and becomes saturated, and a great part of garbage incineration plants face the dilemma of insufficient garbage amount. Therefore, municipal sludge can be effectively treated by the built household garbage incineration power plant, low-quality energy generated by the garbage power plant is adopted for drying the sludge, the consumption of high-quality energy in the sludge drying process is greatly reduced, the energy in the sludge is recovered by utilizing the incineration facility, the flue gas purification facility and the sewage treatment facility of the garbage power plant, the investment and the operation cost of the sludge drying and incineration are reduced, and the problem of insufficient garbage amount of the garbage power plant can be solved.
The drying incineration of sludge becomes one of the main technical routes of the current sludge treatment, but the independent construction of an incineration plant not only suffers from the 'neighbor effect', but also needs a matched incineration system, a flue gas purification system and a sewage treatment system, and has the advantages of high investment cost, high operation cost and poor economic benefit. The traditional sludge heat drying has large energy consumption, and the energy consumption is more than 80 percent of the running cost in a standard drying system.
Based on the method, how to reduce the consumption of high quality energy in the sludge drying process is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently in municipal sludge treatment at present.
CN108413411 a is a method and a system for sludge drying treatment by cooperation of domestic garbage incineration power generation and sludge drying treatment, which uses low-pressure air extraction steam of a turbo generator set as a heat source to carry out sludge drying treatment, the dried sludge is mixed with domestic garbage to carry out incineration power generation, and waste gas, waste water and waste residue generated in the drying process are treated together by pollution control facilities of garbage power generation, but because the low-pressure air extraction of the turbo generator set is adopted as the heat source, the generated energy of the turbo generator set is reduced, and the economical efficiency is poor;
CN111847833 a is a cooperative treatment system and method for garbage incineration and sludge drying, a sludge drying system is arranged between a waste heat boiler and a flue gas purifying device, an embedded sludge low-temperature drying device is adopted, flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler is used as a heat source for drying sludge, but the flue gas generated by garbage incineration completely enters a drying machine, the load of the drying machine cannot be flexibly adjusted, and the load adaptability is poor;
CN 112010528A is a sludge drying treatment system coupled with a waste incineration boiler, and medium-temperature flue gas is extracted from between a secondary evaporator of the waste incineration boiler and an economizer to be used as a heat source for drying sludge, and the dried tail gas enters a flue gas purification device for treatment, but because the flue gas of a tail flue of the boiler contains a large amount of fly ash particles and acid gas, a fan pipeline is blocked and corroded;
CN112429935 a is a system for drying sludge by using waste heat of waste incineration flue gas and a working method thereof, a belt dryer is adopted to dry sludge after press filtration of a mechanical press filter by using the waste incineration flue gas, and the dried flue gas enters a flue gas tail gas treatment system, but the system is complicated due to the addition of the mechanical press filter and a dry sludge storage device, and the dried tail gas is directly discharged into a chimney after being subjected to wet treatment without heating, so that white smoke is easily caused at a chimney outlet and is unfavorable for diffusion of pollutants;
CN 215975499U is a system for sludge drying by coupling waste heat of flue gas generated by garbage incineration, a hot water circulation system and an air circulation system are additionally arranged between a draught fan and a chimney, and hot air is finally adopted for drying sludge through twice heat exchange, but the heat exchange efficiency is low because the flue gas firstly exchanges heat to the water side and then exchanges heat with air.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the utility model provides a household garbage incineration-coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system,
the household garbage incineration power generation system is organically coupled with the sludge drying system, two paths of heat sources are adopted for drying sludge, the waste heat of flue gas, hot air of a factory building, byproduct methane and other heat sources in the treatment process of percolate are fully utilized for realizing drying treatment of the sludge, the consumption of high-quality energy in the sludge drying process is reduced, the extraction amount of a steam-air preheater can be reduced to a certain extent, and the generated energy of a turbine unit is increased; by utilizing the existing incineration system, flue gas purification system and the like of the garbage incineration power plant, the investment cost of sludge drying incineration can be greatly reduced, and the problem of insufficient garbage amount of the garbage power plant can be solved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical means:
a household garbage incineration coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system, comprising:
the cavity of the sludge dryer is internally provided with wet sludge to be dried;
a flue gas drying heat source from hot flue gas generated by an apparatus comprising: the waste incinerator, the waste heat boiler, the deacidification tower, the dust remover, the first induced draft fan and the chimney are sequentially arranged along the flue gas direction, wherein hot flue gas is introduced into the cavity of the sludge drier through the first pipeline on a flue gas pipeline between the first induced draft fan and the chimney, and is directly contacted with wet sludge to perform countercurrent heat exchange;
and the hot air drying heat source is from air heated by the ceramic heat exchanger in the waste heat boiler, the air is taken from ambient hot air around a steam drum of the waste heat boiler, and the ambient hot air heated by the ceramic heat exchanger is introduced into a hollow stirring shaft and a cavity jacket of the sludge drying machine through a second pipeline and does not directly contact wet sludge to perform concurrent heat exchange.
Further, hot flue gas after heat exchange in the sludge drying machine is pumped out from the front end of the sludge drying machine through a third pipeline and a second induced draft fan, is sent to a flue gas pipeline in front of the deacidification tower, and is treated through a flue gas purifying device; the second induced draft fan always keeps the inner cavity of the sludge drier in a micro negative pressure state.
Further, hot air after heat exchange in the sludge drier is pumped to an air side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger through a primary fan of the incineration grate and is used as primary air for drying and burning garbage on the grate.
Further, the dust remover is a cloth bag dust remover.
Furthermore, a methane burner is arranged on the first pipeline and is used for increasing the temperature of the flue gas drying heat source.
The beneficial effects are that:
the sludge dryer is provided with two paths of drying heat sources, one path of heat source is hot flue gas, enters a cavity of the sludge dryer, directly contacts with sludge to perform countercurrent heat exchange, and the other path of heat source is hot air, enters a hollow stirring shaft and a cavity jacket of the sludge dryer, and does not directly contact with the sludge to perform concurrent heat exchange;
the second step, the first heat source of the sludge drying machine is the smoke which is led from the induced draft fan and is about to be discharged into the chimney, so that the smoke waste heat is effectively utilized, and the consumption of high-quality energy in the sludge drying process is reduced;
thirdly, arranging a methane burner on the flue gas pipeline, further heating the flue gas by using byproduct methane combustion in the leachate treatment process, and then, feeding the flue gas into a sludge drier to raise the temperature of the dried flue gas;
fourth, the second heat source of the sludge drier is from the air heated by the ceramic heat exchanger in the furnace, the air is taken from the ambient hot air around the waste heat boiler drum, and the heat dissipation of the drum is effectively utilized;
fifthly, arranging a ceramic heat exchanger on a tail flue of the waste heat boiler, wherein the ceramic heat exchanger is high in temperature resistance and waste incineration smoke corrosion resistance, and has a high heat exchange coefficient;
and sixthly, after the air heated by the ceramic heat exchanger is dried, a part of heat is still available, and the air can be used as primary air, so that the steam extraction amount of the steam-air preheater is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a household garbage incineration coupled sludge drying incineration system;
1, a hopper chute; secondly, a garbage incinerator; thirdly, a waste heat boiler; fourth, ceramic heat exchanger; fifthly, deacidifying the tower; sixthly, a cloth bag dust remover; seventhly, a first induced draft fan; 8. a chimney; seventhly, a methane burner; a sludge dryer; 11. a second induced draft fan; 12. a steam-air preheater; and 13, a primary fan.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the system of the utility model consists of a hopper chute 1, a garbage incinerator 2, a waste heat boiler 3, a ceramic heat exchanger 4, a deacidification tower 5, a bag-type dust collector 6, a first induced draft fan 7, a chimney 8, a methane burner 9, a sludge drier 10, a second induced draft fan 11, a steam-air preheater 12 and a primary fan 13, and is conventionally configured in a living garbage incineration power plant except the ceramic heat exchanger 4, the methane burner 9, the sludge drier 10 and the second induced draft fan 11.
The sludge dryer 10 is provided with two paths of drying heat sources, a wet sludge feed inlet, a second heat source input port and a drying tail gas output port are arranged at the front end of the dryer, and a dry sludge discharge port, a second heat source output port and a first heat source input port are arranged at the tail end of the dryer. The hollow stirring shaft and the cavity interlayer are arranged in the desiccator, wet sludge is dried under the rotation, stirring and crushing of the hollow stirring shaft and is pushed to the tail end discharge port, and the dried sludge is sent to the hopper chute and enters the incinerator together with garbage for incineration.
The first heat source of the sludge drier 1 is from the flue gas after passing through the induced draft fan in the flue gas purification treatment, the flue gas is further heated and warmed by the biogas burner 9 in the leachate treatment process before entering the sludge drier, the heated flue gas enters the cavity of the sludge drier from the tail end of the sludge drier, the flowing direction of the flue gas is opposite to the feeding direction of the sludge, the flue gas entering the sludge drier is directly contacted with the sludge in the cavity, countercurrent heat exchange is carried out to dry the sludge, the heat exchanged flue gas is pumped out from the front end of the drier by the second induced draft fan 11, and enters the flue gas purification device for treatment before being sent to the deacidification tower, and the second induced fan 11 always keeps the micro negative pressure state in the drier, so that the odor generated in the drying process does not overflow. The first heat source uses low-temperature flue gas to be discharged into a chimney and byproduct methane generated in the treatment process of percolate, so that the energy consumption of sludge drying is effectively reduced, and a virtuous cycle of treating waste with waste is formed.
The second heat source of the sludge drier is from air heated by the ceramic heat exchanger 4 in the furnace, the main component of the ceramic heat exchanger is silicon carbide, the heat conductivity is better than steel, and the air can be heated by using high-temperature flue gas of the tail flue of the waste heat boiler. Because waste heat boilers of the waste incineration power plants all adopt natural circulation, the pressure and the temperature of working media in the steam drum are high, so that the temperature of the surrounding environment of the steam drum is high, the working environment is bad, and in order to fully utilize the heat, the air entering the ceramic heat exchanger can be extracted from the surrounding of the steam drum at the top of the boiler. The heated hot air enters the hollow stirring shaft and the cavity jacket of the drier from the front end of the drier in the axial direction, the flowing direction of the hot air is consistent with the advancing direction of the sludge material, the hot air is not in direct contact with the sludge, the sludge is dried by indirect and concurrent heat exchange between the heated stirring shaft and the jacket and the sludge, the air after heat exchange still has more heat, is pumped to the air side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger through the primary air blower 13 of the incineration grate, can be used as primary air for drying and burning garbage on the grate, can reduce the consumption of the steam-air preheater on high-quality steam, enables more steam to enter the steam turbine for doing work, and increases the generated energy.
The dried sludge contains higher heat value, is sent to a chute of a garbage incineration hopper, is mixed with household garbage and enters an incinerator for burning and recycling energy in the sludge, and the flue gas generated by incineration can reach the emission standard after being treated by a flue gas purifying device.
The coupled sludge drying system adopts two paths of heat sources, wherein one path is clean smoke after a draught fan is subjected to smoke purification treatment, the clean smoke is heated by methane combustion and is introduced into a cavity of a dryer to be directly subjected to heat exchange and drying with wet sludge, and the other path is clean air which is heated by a ceramic heat exchanger of a tail flue in a furnace and is then introduced into an interlayer of the cavity of the dryer, a hollow shaft, stirring blades and the wet sludge to be subjected to indirect heat exchange and drying. The flue gas after sludge drying is sent to a flue gas purification device to be treated and discharged after reaching standards, and the air after drying is sent to an air side pipeline in front of a primary air steam-air preheater because of still higher heat, so that the steam extraction amount of the air preheater can be reduced, and the air after drying is heated and then is sent into a furnace as primary air. The dried sludge is sent into a garbage hopper chute and enters a fire grate together with household garbage for combustion. Because the two paths of heat sources heat and dry the sludge, the efficiency of the sludge dryer is greatly improved while the waste heat of the flue gas is effectively utilized, and the dried air is used as primary air, so that the usage amount of high-quality steam is reduced, the generated energy is increased, and the economy of the whole plant is improved.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a domestic waste burns coupling sludge drying and burns disposal system which characterized in that includes:
the cavity of the sludge dryer is internally provided with wet sludge to be dried;
a flue gas drying heat source from hot flue gas generated by an apparatus comprising: the system comprises a garbage incinerator (2), and a waste heat boiler (3), a deacidification tower, a dust remover, a first induced draft fan and a chimney which are sequentially arranged along the flue gas direction, wherein hot flue gas is introduced into a cavity of the sludge drier through a first pipeline on a flue gas pipeline between the first induced draft fan and the chimney, and is in direct contact with wet sludge to perform countercurrent heat exchange;
and the hot air drying heat source is from air heated by the ceramic heat exchanger in the waste heat boiler, the air is taken from ambient hot air around a steam drum of the waste heat boiler, and the ambient hot air heated by the ceramic heat exchanger is introduced into a hollow stirring shaft and a cavity jacket of the sludge drying machine through a second pipeline and does not directly contact wet sludge to perform concurrent heat exchange.
2. The household garbage incineration-coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system according to claim 1, wherein the hot flue gas after heat exchange in the sludge drying machine is pumped out from the front end of the sludge drying machine through a third pipeline and a second induced draft fan, is sent to a flue gas pipeline in front of the deacidification tower, and is treated through a flue gas purification device; the second induced draft fan always keeps the inner cavity of the sludge drier in a micro negative pressure state.
3. The household garbage incineration-coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system according to claim 1, wherein hot air after heat exchange in the sludge drying machine is pumped to an air side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger through a primary fan (13) of the incineration grate to serve as primary air for drying and burning garbage on the grate.
4. The household garbage incineration coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system according to claim 1, wherein the dust remover is a bag-type dust remover.
5. The household garbage incineration-coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system according to claim 1, wherein the first pipeline is provided with a methane burner for raising the flue gas temperature of the flue gas drying heat source.
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| CN202222665559.9U CN218936356U (en) | 2022-10-10 | 2022-10-10 | Household garbage incineration-coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system |
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| CN202222665559.9U CN218936356U (en) | 2022-10-10 | 2022-10-10 | Household garbage incineration-coupled sludge drying incineration disposal system |
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