CN218867348U - Square secondary battery and battery module thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a square secondary battery and a battery module thereof, which comprises a top cover plate component, a shell, an electrode component, an insulating protective layer and a current collecting plate, wherein the electrode component is fixedly connected inside the shell; the current collector includes negative pole switching piece and anodal switching piece, fixedly connected with negative pole utmost point ear and anodal utmost point ear on the electrode subassembly top surface, negative pole switching piece fixed connection is on negative pole utmost point ear, anodal switching piece fixed connection is on anodal utmost point ear, the utility model discloses can realize reducing square secondary battery's part, reduce square secondary battery's weight, improve square secondary battery's energy density's purpose, simultaneously the utility model discloses also reduce square secondary battery's manufacturing cost.

Description

Square secondary battery and battery module thereof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a secondary battery technical field specifically is a square secondary battery and battery module thereof.

Background

New energy automobiles are widely popularized in China and even in the world, but a great number of places need to be improved if fuel automobiles are completely replaced. For example, the problems of a small driving range, high cost of a battery pack, and reliability of the battery pack of an automobile need to be further solved. Based on the above problems, higher requirements are put on the core part power battery of the electric vehicle, such as the need of achieving higher energy density, lower cost and the like of the power battery.

At present, a square secondary battery generally adopts a square hard shell structure, a square secondary battery shell comprises a shell body and a top cover plate assembly, wherein the shell provides a closed space for accommodating an electrode assembly and electrolyte, and electric energy of the battery is led out of the closed space from the inside of the closed space through positive and negative electrode poles of the top cover plate assembly. Among the current top cover plate subassembly, the top cover plate is the metal sheet and sets up the through-hole, and anodal utmost point post and negative pole post are divided to utmost point post, and all have one set of utmost point post subassembly (contain upper and lower insulating part, terminal block, utmost point post and sealing washer). To prevent galvanic corrosion of the housing, the aluminum housing is typically positively charged. In order to reduce the weight and cost of the battery, the positive pole column assembly can be omitted, and the current collecting plate is directly connected with the top cover plate, namely, the battery shell is charged with positive electric power.

Therefore, a new prismatic secondary battery and a battery module are needed to increase the energy density of the battery and reduce the cost of the battery.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a square secondary battery and battery module to realize reducing square secondary battery's part, reduce square secondary battery's weight, improve square secondary battery's energy density's purpose, simultaneously the utility model discloses also reduce square secondary battery's manufacturing cost.

In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:

a square secondary battery comprises a top cover plate assembly, a shell, an electrode assembly, an insulation protective layer and a current collecting plate, wherein the electrode assembly is fixedly connected inside the shell, the insulation protective layer is fixedly connected between the shell and the electrode assembly, the top cover plate assembly is arranged above the electrode assembly, and the current collecting plate is fixedly connected between the top cover plate assembly and the electrode assembly;

the current collecting plate comprises a negative pole adapter plate and a positive pole adapter plate, a negative pole lug and a positive pole lug are fixedly connected to the top surface of the electrode assembly, the negative pole adapter plate is fixedly connected to the negative pole lug, and the positive pole adapter plate is fixedly connected to the positive pole lug.

Further, top cap board subassembly includes lamina tecti, lower insulating part, insulating part fixed connection is on the bottom surface of lamina tecti down, be provided with negative pole post on the lamina tecti and draw forth hole, explosion-proof hole, annotate liquid hole and anodal boss, negative pole post draws forth the hole and is located the negative pole switching piece directly over, anodal boss is located the anodal switching piece directly over, explosion-proof hole is located the negative pole post and draws forth between hole and the anodal boss, annotate the liquid hole and be located between anodal subassembly and the explosion-proof hole (fixedly connected with explosion-proof valve and protection film in the explosion-proof hole, the protection film is located explosion-proof valve directly over, annotate downthehole fixedly connected with plug, aluminium nail of liquid, aluminium nail is located the top of plug), integrated into one piece has two protruding positions on the insulating part down, and two protruding parts correspond negative pole post respectively and draw forth hole and anodal boss.

Furthermore, the top cover plate assembly further comprises a negative pole post assembly, the negative pole post assembly comprises a terminal plate, an upper insulating part, a sealing ring and a pole, the upper part of the pole sequentially penetrates through the protruding part and the negative pole post leading-out hole and then extends out of the upper part of the top cover plate, the sealing ring is fixedly connected between the top cover plate and the pole, the terminal plate and the upper insulating plate are sequentially fixed from top to bottom, the upper insulating plate is fixedly connected right above the negative pole post leading-out hole, the upper part of the pole also sequentially penetrates through the upper insulating plate and the top plate, and the bottom surface of the pole abuts against the top surface of the negative pole switching piece.

Furthermore, an anode boss is integrally formed on the top cover plate, an anode post leading-out hole is formed in the center of the anode boss, a positioning groove is formed in the top surface of the anode boss, a positioning boss is integrally formed at the bottom of the upper insulating part, and the positioning boss and the positioning groove are matched with each other to fix the upper insulating part on the top surface of the anode boss.

Furthermore, a plurality of positioning columns are integrally formed on the circumference of the top surface of the lower insulating part, a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the circumference of the bottom surface of the top cover plate, the lower insulating part is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top cover plate after the positioning columns are matched with the positioning holes, and a liquid pouring hole is formed in the center of the lower insulating part.

Further, explosion-proof valve and protection film are fixedly connected with in the explosion-proof hole, the protection film is located the explosion-proof valve directly over, annotate downthehole fixedly connected with plug, aluminium nail of liquid, the aluminium nail is located the top of plug.

Furthermore, a compression boss is integrated on the circumference of the bottom surface of the lower insulating part, the compression boss is fixedly connected inside the shell, and the bottom surface of the compression boss abuts against the top surface of the electrode component.

Furthermore, the positive boss is integrally formed on the top cover plate.

Furthermore, a boss flange is integrally formed at the edge of the positive boss and is welded with the top cover plate.

A battery module comprises the square secondary battery and a bus bar, wherein the bus bar is welded on the terminal board and the positive boss, and the material of the bus bar is the same as that of the terminal board.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and positive effect be:

the utility model discloses a square secondary battery and battery module have reduced anodal utmost point post subassembly, have optimized overall structure, with anodal switching piece lug connection to lamina tecti on, can reduce the weight of square secondary battery and battery module, and then improve the energy density of square secondary battery and battery module, also reduced the manufacturing cost of square secondary battery and battery module simultaneously.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded structural view of a square secondary battery.

Fig. 2 is an exploded structural view of a top cap plate assembly in the prismatic secondary battery of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the prismatic secondary battery of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view of the square secondary battery of fig. 3 taken alongbase:Sub>A sectional linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a of the prismatic secondary battery of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a part of the structure of embodiment 1 of part B in the prismatic secondary battery of fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a part of the structure of embodiment 2 of part B in the prismatic secondary battery of fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is an exploded view of a coupling structure of a lower insulator and a cap plate in a cap plate assembly of a prismatic secondary battery.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab with the cap plate assembly in the prismatic secondary battery.

Fig. 10 is an exploded view illustrating a connection structure of an electrode assembly and a cap plate assembly in a prismatic secondary battery.

In the figure: 1-square secondary battery; 100-a top cover plate assembly; 200-a housing; 300-an electrode assembly; 310-negative pole tab; 311-positive pole tab; 400-an insulating protective layer; 500-an adapter sheet; 510-a negative pole patch; 511-negative pole adapter plate convex part; 512-negative pole adapter plate main body part; 520-positive pole switching piece; 521-positive pole transition piece convex part; 522-positive interposer body portion; 10-a top cover plate; 11-leading-out holes of the cathode poles; 12-explosion-proof valve hole; 13-positive boss; 14-liquid injection hole; 15-negative electrode boss; 16-a positioning groove; 17-positioning holes; 20-a negative pole post assembly; 21-terminal plate; 22-an upper insulator; 221-positioning a boss; 23-a sealing ring; 24-pole; 25-a lower insulator; 251-a locating post; 252-raised areas; 253-pressing the boss; 2531-drainage holes; 30-an explosion-proof valve; 40-protective film; 50-rubber plug; 60-aluminum nails; 70-split type positive boss; 701-boss flange.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, and furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a prismatic secondary battery 1 includes: a top cap plate assembly 100, a case 200, and an electrode assembly 300, an insulation shield layer 400, and a current collecting plate 500 inside the case 200.

Wherein the case 200 is made of an aluminum alloy material, and the case 200 has a rectangular box shape and has an opening to communicate with an accommodating space inside thereof through the opening.

The electrode assembly 300 is formed by winding a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab, and a separator together; the diaphragm is a film insulator between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece. In addition, the active material of the positive electrode sheet may be coated on the coating region of the positive electrode sheet, and the active material of the negative electrode sheet may be coated on the coating region of the negative electrode sheet; the part extending from the coating area of the positive pole piece is used as a positive pole tab 311; the portion extending from the coated area of the negative pole piece serves as a negative pole tab 310.

The insulating shield layer 400 is a thin film type shield layer made of an insulating material and is formed to have a receiving space adapted to the contour of the electrode assembly 300 so as to maintain electrical insulation between the electrode assembly 300 and the inner wall of the case 200 by covering the insulating shield layer 400 at the outer circumference of the electrode assembly 300.

Fig. 2 is an exploded structural view of the top cap plate assembly 100 of the prismatic secondary battery 1 of fig. 1; fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the prismatic secondary battery 1 of fig. 1; fig. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view of the rectangular secondary battery 1 of fig. 3 taken along the sectional linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the top cap plate assembly 100 is used to seal the case 200 to seal the electrode assembly 300 within the case 200; the top closure flap assembly 100 includes: the top cover plate 10, the cathode pole assembly 20, the explosion-proof valve 30, the rubber plug 50 and the aluminum nail 60.

The top cover plate 10 is a strip-shaped thin plate, and the external dimension of the top cover plate is matched with the opening of the shell 200 so as to be connected to the opening of the shell 200; the roof panel 10 is made of an aluminum alloy material.

In the embodiment, the top cover plate 10 is provided with a cathode pole leading-out hole 11, an explosion-proof valve hole 12, a cathode boss 13, a liquid injection hole 14 and a cathode boss 15; the negative pole boss 15 is provided with a positioning groove 16.

In fig. 1-6 and 8-10, the battery 1 has a case 200 and a cover plate 10 with strong electric and positive electricity; in order to reduce the weight and cost of the battery 1 and simplify the manufacturing process of the battery 1, the positive pole tab 311 of the electrode assembly 300 is electrically connected to the positive pole adapter main body 522 of the positive pole adapter 520, and then the positive pole adapter convex part 521 is directly and electrically connected to the inner side of the positive pole boss 13 on the top cover plate 10, that is, the positive pole of the battery 1 is directly led out through the positive pole boss 13 to output current outwards; namely, the case 200 and the top cover plate 10 of the battery 1 are directly charged with strong electricity and positive electricity; the design mode replaces the traditional design mode that the shell 200 and the top cover plate 10 are weak in electricity and positive in electricity, and the weight, the cost and the manufacturing process are extremely simplified.

Fig. 6 shows an integral structure of the positive electrode boss 13 and the cover plate 10, in this case, the positive electrode boss 13 is formed by a stamping process, and when we use a small current for charging and discharging, the thickness of the adopted battery in series-parallel connection is small, and the adopted battery can be directly welded on the positive electrode boss 13 without worrying about the possibility that the positive electrode boss 13 can be broken down, and the structure is suitable.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the negative electrode post assembly 20 is composed of an upper insulator 22, a terminal plate 21, a post 24, a gasket 23, and a lower insulator 25; the terminal plate 21 is square, the center of which is provided with a hole and is made of aluminum alloy; is connected with the pole 24 through pressure riveting and welding; the upper insulator 22 is located between the terminal plate 21 and the top cap plate 10 for insulation; the top cover plate 10 is provided with a negative electrode boss 15 at the position of the negative electrode post assembly 20, a convex cavity is formed on the inner side of the top cover plate, the negative electrode boss 15 is formed in a stamping mode, the convex cavity formed by additionally arranging the negative electrode boss 15 can save the occupied space of the negative electrode post assembly 20 in the shell 200, the volume energy density of the battery 1 is improved, and the convex part 252 of the lower insulating part is matched, so that the positioning is accurate when the battery is installed.

Positioning grooves 16 are formed in the negative electrode boss 15 along the periphery of the negative electrode post leading-out hole 11, correspond to the positioning bosses 221 formed in the upper insulating member 22, and can prevent the terminal plate 21 and the post 24 from rotating during riveting and welding through the positioning grooves 16; the lower insulating part 25 is positioned between the lower end surface of the pole 24 and the top cover plate 10 and plays an insulating role; the fixed connection mode of the lower insulating part 25 and the top cover plate 10 is realized by matching a positioning hole 17 preset on the top cover plate 10 with a positioning column 251 arranged on the lower insulating part 25 for hot melting; the sealing ring 23 is located between the pole 24 and the top cover plate 10, is made of fluororubber, and is compressed to a certain degree through a preset compression amount, so that the insulating and sealing effects are achieved.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the pour hole 14 is formed in the top cover plate 10 in a predetermined size so that an electrolyte can be poured into the accommodating space of the case 200 through the pour hole 14 after the top cover plate 10 is hermetically welded to the opening of the case 200; after the liquid injection is finished, the liquid injection hole 14 is plugged through the rubber plug 50, and meanwhile, the aluminum nail 60 is welded at the opening of the liquid injection hole 14 for secondary sealing; a security explosion valve hole 12 is designed on the top cover plate 10, and an explosion-proof pressure relief effect is achieved through an explosion-proof valve 30; when the internal pressure of the square secondary battery 1 is excessively large due to gas generation due to overcharge, overdischarge, or battery overheating, the explosion-proof valve 30 is broken, so that the gas formed inside the square secondary battery 1 is discharged to the outside through the explosion-proof valve hole 12 of the explosion-proof valve 30, whereby the square secondary battery 1 can be prevented from being exploded.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and 10, in order to secure the electrode assembly 300 in the battery case 200, a pressing boss 253 is provided on the lower insulating member 25, and the electrode assembly 300 is tightly pressed into the case 200 by the pressing boss 253, thereby preventing a safety risk due to movement of the electrode assembly 300 when the prismatic secondary battery 1 is used in a severe environment; the pressing projection 253 may be square or oval in shape; in order to prevent the electrolyte from being trapped in the closed groove of the pressing boss 253 during the liquid injection and use, the liquid guide hole 2531 is formed in the pressing boss 253 so that the electrolyte is fully absorbed by the electrode assembly 300 at any time. Drainage hole 2531 can be square, circular or oval in shape.

The present application also provides a battery module including the square secondary battery 1 of the above embodiment and a bus bar welded to the terminal plate 21 and the positive electrode tab 13, the bus bar being made of the same base metal as the terminal plate 21.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 1, a prismatic secondary battery 1 includes: a top cap plate assembly 100, a case 200, and an electrode assembly 300, an insulation shield layer 400, and a current collecting plate 500 inside the case 200.

Wherein the case 200 is made of an aluminum alloy material, and the case 200 has a rectangular box shape and has an opening to communicate with an accommodating space inside thereof through the opening.

The electrode assembly 300 is formed by winding a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator together; the diaphragm is a film insulator between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece. In addition, the active material of the positive electrode sheet may be coated on the coating region of the positive electrode sheet, and the active material of the negative electrode sheet may be coated on the coating region of the negative electrode sheet; the part extending from the coating area of the positive plate is used as a positive pole tab 311; the portion extending from the coated region of the negative electrode tab serves as a negative electrode tab 310.

The insulating shield layer 400 is a thin film type shield layer made of an insulating material and is formed to have a receiving space corresponding to the contour of the electrode assembly 300 so as to maintain electrical insulation between the electrode assembly 300 and the inner wall of the case 200 by wrapping the insulating shield layer 400 around the outer circumference of the electrode assembly 300.

Fig. 2 is an exploded structural view of the top cap plate assembly 100 of the prismatic secondary battery 1 of fig. 1; fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the prismatic secondary battery 1 of fig. 1; fig. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view of the rectangular secondary battery 1 of fig. 3 taken along the sectional linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the top cap plate assembly 100 is used to seal the case 200 to seal the electrode assembly 300 within the case 200; the roof panel assembly 100 includes: the top cover plate 10, the cathode pole assembly 20, the explosion-proof valve 30, the rubber plug 50 and the aluminum nail 60.

The top cover plate 10 is a strip-shaped thin plate, and the external dimension of the top cover plate is matched with the opening of the shell 200 so as to be connected to the opening of the shell 200; the roof panel 10 is made of an aluminum alloy material.

In the embodiment, the top cover plate 10 is provided with a cathode pole leading-out hole 11, an explosion-proof valve hole 12, a cathode boss 13, a liquid injection hole 14 and a cathode boss 15; the negative pole boss 15 is provided with a positioning groove 16.

In fig. 1-6 and 8-10, the battery 1 has a case 200 and a cover plate 10 with strong electric and positive electricity; in order to reduce the weight and cost of the battery 1 and simplify the manufacturing process of the battery 1, the positive pole tab 311 of the electrode assembly 300 is electrically connected to the positive pole adapter main body part 522 of the positive pole adapter 520, and then the positive pole adapter convex part 521 is directly and electrically connected to the inner side of the positive pole boss 13 on the top cover plate 10, namely, the positive pole of the battery 1 is directly led out through the positive pole boss 13 to output current outwards; namely, the case 200 and the cover plate 10 of the battery 1 are directly charged with strong electricity and positive electricity; the design mode replaces the traditional design mode that the shell 200 and the top cover plate 10 are weak in electricity and positive in electricity, and the weight, the cost and the manufacturing process are extremely simplified.

FIG. 7 shows that when we use large current to charge and discharge, the copper aluminum bars in series and parallel connection of the battery are thicker, if they are directly welded on the positive electrode boss 13, there is a possibility of breaking through the positive electrode boss 13; if the thickness of the cover plate 10 is integrally thickened, the weight and the cost of the whole battery 1 are increased, and the effective utilization space of the battery is reduced, and the structure shown in fig. 7 is suitable; the boss flange 701 is welded at the corresponding position of the cover plate 10, so that the split type positive boss 70 is connected with the cover plate 10 into a whole, and the split type positive boss 70 has the function of outputting current outwards; the split type mode is flexible in use, and the thickness of the split type positive boss 70 can be adjusted according to different use environments, so that diversified requirements can be met.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the negative electrode post assembly 20 is composed of an upper insulator 22, a terminal plate 21, a post 24, a gasket 23, and a lower insulator 25; the terminal plate 21 is square, the center of the terminal plate is provided with a hole, and the terminal plate is made of aluminum alloy; is connected with the pole 24 through pressure riveting and welding; the upper insulator 22 is located between the terminal plate 21 and the top cap plate 10 for insulation; the top cover plate 10 is provided with a negative electrode boss 15 at the position of the negative electrode post assembly 20, a convex cavity is formed on the inner side of the top cover plate, the negative electrode boss 15 is formed in a stamping mode, the convex cavity formed by additionally arranging the negative electrode boss 15 can save the occupied space of the negative electrode post assembly 20 in the shell 200, the volume energy density of the battery 1 is improved, and the convex part 252 of the lower insulating part is matched, so that the positioning is accurate when the battery is installed.

Positioning grooves 16 are formed in the negative electrode boss 15 along the periphery of the negative electrode post leading-out hole 11, correspond to the positioning bosses 221 formed in the upper insulating member 22, and can prevent the terminal plate 21 and the post 24 from rotating during riveting and welding through the positioning grooves 16; the lower insulating part 25 is positioned between the lower end surface of the pole 24 and the top cover plate 10 and plays an insulating role; the fixed connection mode of the lower insulating part 25 and the top cover plate 10 is realized by matching a positioning hole 17 preset on the top cover plate 10 with a positioning column 251 arranged on the lower insulating part 25 for hot melting; the sealing ring 23 is located between the pole 24 and the top cover plate 10, is made of fluororubber, and is compressed to a certain degree through a preset compression amount, so that the insulating and sealing effects are achieved.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the pour hole 14 is formed in the top cover plate 10 in a predetermined size so that an electrolyte can be poured into the accommodating space of the case 200 through the pour hole 14 after the top cover plate 10 is hermetically welded to the opening of the case 200; after the liquid injection is finished, the liquid injection hole 14 is plugged through the rubber plug 50, and meanwhile, the aluminum nail 60 is welded at the opening of the liquid injection hole 14 for secondary sealing; a security explosion valve hole 12 is designed on the top cover plate 10, and an explosion-proof pressure relief effect is achieved through an explosion-proof valve 30; when the internal pressure of the square secondary battery 1 is excessively large due to gas generation due to overcharge, overdischarge, or battery overheating, the explosion-proof valve 30 is broken, so that the gas formed inside the square secondary battery 1 is discharged to the outside through the explosion-proof valve hole 12 of the explosion-proof valve 30, whereby the square secondary battery 1 can be prevented from being exploded.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and 10, in order to securely fix the electrode assembly 300 in the battery case 200, a pressing boss 253 is provided on the lower insulating member 25; by tightly pressing the electrode assembly 300 into the case 200 through the pressing bosses 253, safety risks due to movement of the electrode assembly 300 when the prismatic secondary battery 1 is used in a severe environment are avoided. The pressing projection 253 may be square or oval in shape; in order to prevent the electrolyte from being trapped in the closed groove on the pressing boss 253 during the liquid injection and use processes, the liquid guide hole 2531 is formed in the pressing boss 253, so that the electrolyte is fully absorbed by the electrode assembly 300 at any time; drainage hole 2531 can be square, circular or oval in shape.

A battery module comprising the square secondary battery 1 of the above embodiment and a bus bar welded to the terminal plate 21 and the positive electrode tab 13, the bus bar being made of the same base metal as the terminal plate 21.

Based on the embodiments of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made by other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A square secondary battery, characterized in that: the battery comprises a top cover plate assembly, a shell, an electrode assembly, an insulating protective layer and a current collecting plate, wherein the electrode assembly is fixedly connected inside the shell, the insulating protective layer is fixedly connected between the shell and the electrode assembly, the top cover plate assembly is arranged above the electrode assembly, and the current collecting plate is fixedly connected between the top cover plate assembly and the electrode assembly;

the current collecting plate comprises a negative electrode adapter sheet and a positive electrode adapter sheet, a negative electrode lug and a positive electrode lug are fixedly connected to the top surface of the electrode assembly, the negative electrode adapter sheet is fixedly connected to the negative electrode lug, and the positive electrode adapter sheet is fixedly connected to the positive electrode lug;

the top cover plate assembly comprises a top cover plate and a lower insulating part, the lower insulating part is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top cover plate, and a negative pole leading-out hole, an explosion-proof hole, a liquid injection hole and a positive boss are formed in the top cover plate.

2. A square secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein: the negative pole post draws forth the hole and is located the negative pole switching piece directly over, anodal boss is located the anodal switching piece directly over, the explosion-proof hole is located the negative pole post and draws forth between hole and the anodal boss, annotate the liquid hole and be located between anodal subassembly and the explosion-proof hole, integrated into one piece has two protruding positions on the insulating part down, and two protruding parts correspond negative pole post respectively and draw forth hole and anodal boss.

3. A square secondary battery according to claim 2, wherein: the top cover plate assembly further comprises a negative pole post assembly, the negative pole post assembly comprises a terminal plate, an upper insulating piece, a sealing ring and a pole post, the upper portion of the pole post sequentially penetrates through the protruding portion and the negative pole post leading-out hole and then extends out of the upper portion of the top cover plate, the sealing ring is fixedly connected between the top cover plate and the pole post, the terminal plate and the upper insulating plate are sequentially fixed from top to bottom, the upper insulating plate is fixedly connected right above the negative pole post leading-out hole, the upper portion of the pole post also sequentially penetrates through the upper insulating plate and the top plate, and the bottom surface of the pole post abuts against the top surface of the negative pole switching piece.

4. A prismatic secondary battery according to claim 3, wherein: the top cover plate is integrally formed with a negative electrode boss, the negative electrode pole leading-out hole is formed in the center of the negative electrode boss, the positioning groove is formed in the top surface of the negative electrode boss, the bottom of the upper insulating part is integrally formed with a positioning boss, and the positioning boss and the positioning groove are matched with each other to fix the upper insulating part on the top surface of the negative electrode boss.

5. A prismatic secondary battery according to claim 4, wherein: the liquid pouring device comprises a top cover plate, a lower insulating piece, a plurality of positioning columns, a plurality of positioning holes and a liquid pouring hole, wherein the positioning columns are integrally formed on the circumference of the top surface of the lower insulating piece, the positioning holes are formed in the circumference of the bottom surface of the top cover plate, the lower insulating piece is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top cover plate after the positioning columns are matched with the positioning holes, and the liquid pouring hole is formed in the center position of the lower insulating piece.

6. A prismatic secondary battery according to claim 2, wherein: an explosion-proof valve and a protective film are fixedly connected in the explosion-proof hole, the protective film is positioned right above the explosion-proof valve, a rubber plug and an aluminum nail are fixedly connected in the liquid injection hole, and the aluminum nail is positioned above the rubber plug; the circumference of the bottom surface of the lower insulating part is integrally provided with a compression boss which is fixedly connected inside the shell, and the bottom surface of the compression boss abuts against the top surface of the electrode component.

7. A square secondary battery according to claim 2, wherein: the positive boss is integrally formed on the top cover plate.

8. A prismatic secondary battery according to claim 2, wherein: the edge of the positive electrode boss is integrally formed with a boss flange, and the boss flange is welded with the top cover plate.

9. A battery module, its characterized in that: comprising the square secondary battery according to any one of claims 3 to 5, and a bus bar welded to the terminal plate and the positive electrode tab.

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