CN218846101U - Nuclear power station containment vessel internal environment simulation system and steam generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a steam generating device, which is used for providing steam for an experimental device and comprises a steam generator and a water tank, wherein the steam generator is used for generating steam and comprises a water inlet and a steam discharge port, and the water inlet is communicated with a condensed water outlet of the experimental device; the steam discharge port is communicated with a steam inlet of the experimental device; the water tank is communicated with the water inlet and is used for providing a water source for the steam generator. The utility model discloses because steam generation device is equipped with steam generator, and is linked together steam generator's water inlet and experimental apparatus comdenstion water's outlet, the water that the experimental apparatus condensation produced can flow back to steam generator in for the liquid level of the water that is used for evaporating among the steam generator is automatic to remain stable. Therefore, manual water addition is not needed, the condition that the experimental process is not smooth is avoided, and the success rate of the experiment is improved.

Description

Nuclear power station containment vessel internal environment simulation system and steam generation device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a nuclear reactor thermal technology water conservancy experiment field, more specifically say, relate to a nuclear power station containment internal environment analog system and steam production device.

Background

When a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant has a serious accident, radioactive substances are released into a containment vessel along with steam and the like, so that the physical and chemical environment in the containment vessel is changed. The containment vessel serves as a last barrier to prevent radioactive substances from leaking, and the thermo-hydraulic phenomenon inside the containment vessel needs to be concerned under severe accident conditions. The environment in the containment vessel in a safety accident usually needs a large amount of steam for simulation, the heating power of the steam generator needs to reach the MW magnitude, and the steam generation rate reaches the 100kg/min magnitude. Under this condition, manual moisturizing's scheme causes the moisturizing untimely because of people's misoperation easily, leads to steam generator dry combustion method or steam generator interior water level can't keep steady state, causes the testing process to be not smooth easily.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide an environmental simulation system and steam generation device in modified nuclear power station containment.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: constructing a steam generating device for providing steam to an experimental device, comprising:

the steam generator is used for generating steam and comprises a water inlet and a steam discharge port, and the water inlet is communicated with a water discharge port of condensed water of the experimental device; the steam discharge port is communicated with a steam inlet of the experimental device; and

and the water tank is communicated with the water inlet and is used for providing a water source for the steam generator.

In some embodiments, the steam generating device further comprises a water replenishing device, and the water replenishing device is communicated with the water inlet and replenishes a water source for the steam generator.

In some embodiments, the water replenishing device includes a tank having a gas space and a liquid space, and a compressed gas tank in communication with the gas space and the liquid space in communication with the steam generator.

In some embodiments, the steam generation plant further comprises a steam reheater disposed between the steam generator and the experimental plant.

In some embodiments, the surfaces of the steam generator and the steam reheater are covered with insulation.

In some embodiments, the steam reheater includes a steam reheater housing, a heating device for measuring a temperature of the steam, and a temperature sensor for reheating the steam output by the steam generator to the steam reheater.

In some embodiments, the steam generation apparatus further comprises a conduit comprising a steam conduit, the steam conduit communicating with the steam generator, the steam reheater and the experimental apparatus.

In some embodiments, the steam generating device further comprises a pipeline, the pipeline comprises a water supply pipeline, the water supply pipeline communicates the water replenishing device with the steam generator, and communicates the steam generator with the water tank and the experimental device respectively.

In some embodiments, the steam generating device further comprises a heat tracing band, wherein the heat tracing band is wound around the pipeline; and/or the surface of the pipeline is covered with an insulating layer.

In some embodiments, a check valve is arranged between the water inlet of the steam generator and the experimental device, and the experimental device is in one-way conduction with the steam generator.

The system for simulating the environment in the containment of the nuclear power plant is also constructed and comprises the steam generating device and the experimental device, wherein the steam generating device is communicated with the experimental device.

Implement the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has at least: the utility model discloses because steam generation device is equipped with steam generator, and steam generator's water inlet is linked together with the outlet of experimental apparatus comdenstion water, and the water that the experimental apparatus condensation produced can flow back to steam generator in for the liquid level of the water that is used for evaporating among the steam generator is automatic to remain stable. Therefore, manual water addition is not needed, the condition of unfavorable experimental process which possibly occurs is avoided, and the success rate of the experiment is improved.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples, wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of a piping structure of a steam generating apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a steam line in the piping structure of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a water supply pipeline in the piping structure shown in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a steam generating apparatus 1 that can generate a large amount of superheated steam under closed cycle conditions to simulate a steam rich environment in the containment in the event of a severe accident. The superheated steam generated by the steam generating device 1 can be output to the experimental device 2, so that the experimental device 2 can simulate the serious accident. The experimental device 2 is provided with a safety valve 200 to prevent an accident caused by an excessively high pressure or temperature in the experimental device 2. In some embodiments, the steam generating device 1 and the experimental device 2 cooperate to form a nuclear power plant containment environment simulation system, and the nuclear power plant containment environment simulation system can be used for pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant containment related experiments.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, a steam generating device 1 may include a steam generator 10 and a water tank 50. The steam generator 10 is used for generating steam, the steam generator 10 includes a water inlet 14 and a steam discharge port 15, and the water inlet 14 is communicated with a drain port of condensed water of the experimental device 2; the steam discharge port 15 is communicated with the steam inlet of the experimental device 2. The water tank 50 is in communication with the water inlet 14 and is operable to provide a source of bulk water for the steam generator 10 to generate steam.

The steam generator 10 in this application, through being linked together the outlet with the water inlet 14 of steam generator 10 and the 2 comdenstion water of experimental apparatus, the water that experimental apparatus 2 condensation produced can flow back to steam generator 10 for the liquid level that is used for the water that evaporates in the steam generator 10 remains stable automatically. Therefore, manual water addition is not needed, the condition that the experimental process is not smooth is avoided, and the success rate of the experiment is improved.

Specifically, the steam generator 10 may include a steam generator housing 11, a heater 12, a first safety valve 13, a water inlet 14 provided on the steam generator housing 11, and a steam discharge port 15 in some embodiments. A heater 12 is provided at the bottom of the steam generator shell 11, which can be used to heat the water in the steam generator shell 11, the heater 12 being submerged in the water, thereby obtaining a large amount of steam required for the simulation test. In some embodiments, the water in the steam generating device 1 is deionized water; the heater 12 is in some embodiments a dc powered heater that heats uniformly with good heating compared to an ac powered heater. In some embodiments, the number of heaters 12 and their thermal power may be set according to the amount of steam actually required. When the required steam amount is large, a plurality of groups of heaters 12 can be arranged to work simultaneously to generate a large steam amount.

The first safety valve 13 is installed on the top surface of the steam generator shell 11, when the pressure in the steam generator shell 11 is too high or the temperature is too high, a dangerous hidden danger is generated, and the first safety valve 13 can release the pressure of the steam generator shell 11 to ensure that the steam generator 10 does not generate accidents such as explosion. The water inlet 14 is in communication with the water tank 50 and water required by the steam generator 10 can be replenished through the water inlet. The steam discharge port 15 is connected to the experimental device 2, and is used for discharging a large amount of steam generated by the steam generator 10 into the experimental device 2. In some embodiments, the water tank 50 and the condensate drain of the experimental apparatus 2 share a water supply line and a common water inlet 141.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the steam generating device 1 further includes a water replenishing device 30, and the water replenishing device 30 is connected to the water inlet 14 for replenishing the water source to the steam generator 10. Since the water replenishing means 30 is communicated with the water inlet 14, the water replenishing means 30 can provide a water source for generating steam for the steam generator 10 in an emergency. So can further, make the liquid level that is used for the evaporation water among the steam generator 10 remain stable to do not need artifical the adding water, avoided the unfavorable condition of experimental process that probably appears, improved the experiment success rate.

In some embodiments, the water inlet 14 may include a first water inlet 141 and a second water inlet 142. The first water inlet 141 is communicated with the water tank 50, and the second water inlet 142 is communicated with the water replenishing device 30. The steam discharge port 15 may be used to discharge steam generated by the steam generator 10.

The refill 30 may include a canister 31, a regulator valve 32, and a second relief valve 33 in some embodiments. The can 31 is connected to the steam generator 10 through a pipe 40 to provide the steam generator 10 with a water source required for steam generation. Specifically, the water stored in the tank 31 is deionized water. The adjusting valve 32 is disposed between the canister 31 and the steam generator 10, and in some embodiments, the adjusting valve 32 is an electric adjusting valve, which can be used to control whether the water replenishing device 30 replenishes water into the steam generator 10. Specifically, when the steam generating device 1 is in a stable state, the steam generator 10 does not need to be replenished with water, the regulating valve 32 is closed, and the water in the water replenishing device 30 cannot be communicated into the steam generator 10. When the amount of water in the steam generator 10 is insufficient due to steam or water leakage from the system and water needs to be replenished, the regulating valve 32 in the water replenishing device 30 is opened, and the water in the water replenishing device 30 flows into the steam generator 10. The second safety valve 33 may be installed at the top of the can 31 in some embodiments to prevent accidents caused by overpressure of the can 31, and particularly, when the pressure of the can 31 exceeds a limit value, the second safety valve opens to release the pressure, thereby avoiding possible dangers of the can 31 during use.

In some embodiments, the water replenishing device 30 may further include a compressed gas tank 30, and the tank 31 has a gas space 301 and a liquid space 302. Wherein gas space 301 is located at the top of canister 21 and liquid space 302 is located at the bottom of canister 31. The gas space 301 is filled with compressed gas, which in some embodiments may be stored by a compressed gas tank 303, the compressed gas tank 303 being in communication with the gas space 301, the compressed gas being compressed nitrogen, which has good stability. It is understood that other gases with good stability, such as inert gases, can be used as the compressed gas. Which can be used to press the water in the can 31 into the steam generator 10. Specifically, since the steam generator 10 has a high temperature and a high internal pressure, it is difficult to introduce the water in the canister 31 into the steam generator 10 only by gravity in the case of the adjustment valve 32 alone, and the compressed nitrogen gas may introduce the water in the canister 31 into the steam generator 10 by the compressed gas tank 303. A liquid space 302 is in communication with the steam generator 10, the liquid space 302 being filled with water, in particular, the water in the liquid space 302 being deionized water. This liquid space 302 can be used to replenish the steam generator 10 with water lost due to system steam leaks and to maintain a stable liquid level in the steam generator 10, thereby enabling a continuous steam input into the experimental set-up 2.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the steam generating apparatus 1 further includes a steam reheater 20, the steam reheater 20 is disposed between the steam generating device 10 and the experimental apparatus 2, and specifically, the steam reheater 20 is installed at an end of the steam generating device 10 where steam is generated. The steam reheater 20 is used to reheat the steam generated by the steam generator 10.

In some embodiments, the steam generator 10 and the experimental apparatus 2 can be connected by a pipe 40, so that the steam generated by the steam generator 10 can flow to the experimental apparatus 2 along the pipe 40, if the wet steam exists in the steam generating apparatus 1, the wet steam contains more droplets in some embodiments, and the droplets may damage the pipe 40 when passing through a valve or a bend of the pipe 40 while moving in the pipe 40, thereby damaging the steam generating apparatus 1 and shortening the service life of the steam generating apparatus. Meanwhile, the wet steam is a two-phase fluid, the flow rate of the wet steam is not easy to measure, and the temperature of the wet steam is unstable, so that the calculation of related physical quantity in related tests is not facilitated, such as the calculation of the total mass-energy release amount of the steam. Since the steam reheater 20 is disposed between the steam generator 10 and the experimental apparatus 2 in the present embodiment, the steam generated by the steam generator 10 can be reheated to prevent the generation of wet steam. Therefore, on one hand, the small liquid drops can be prevented from damaging parts such as a valve, and the running reliability of the device is improved; on the other hand, the error of steam flow measurement can be reduced; on the other hand, the stability of the injected steam parameters can be ensured, valuable information is provided for the numerical simulation of the experiment, and the calculation of the total amount of the released steam mass energy in the containment vessel is facilitated.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the steam reheater 20 may include a steam reheater casing 21, a heating device 22, and a temperature sensor. A heating device 22 is mounted on the steam reheater casing 21 and is operable to reheat the steam output by the steam generator 10 to the steam reheater 20 to obtain superheated steam to eliminate possible generation of wet steam. In some embodiments, the heating device 22 may be provided as an electric heating wire. A temperature sensor is disposed on the steam reheater shell 21 and is used to measure the temperature of the steam to ensure that the steam generated by the heating device 22 is in a superheated state. The superheated steam does not contain small droplets, so that the whole device is safer, and the risk of damaging the device is reduced.

In some embodiments, the surfaces of the steam generator 10 and the steam reheater 20 may be covered with an insulating layer, which can reduce the heat loss of the steam generating device 1 to ensure the temperature of the steam in the steam generator 10 and the steam reheater 20, thereby ensuring the temperature of the steam in the steam generating device 1, reducing the heat loss of the steam generating device 1, and preventing the steam from condensing.

In some embodiments, the material of the insulating layer may be aluminum silicate wool, which has low thermal conductivity and excellent thermal and chemical stability, so as to better insulate the steam generating device 1. It is understood that the heat insulation layer may be made of aluminum silicate wool, or may be made of other materials with low thermal conductivity or by changing the structure, such as a double-layer structure. It should be noted that the heat insulating layer mentioned hereinafter is also explained here and will not be described in detail.

In some embodiments, the steam generating apparatus 1 further comprises a conduit 40, and the conduit 40 may connect the steam generator 10, the steam reheater 20, the water replenishing apparatus 30, and the water tank 50.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the conduit 40 may, in some embodiments, include a steam conduit 401, and the steam conduit 401 may be used to transport steam. Specifically, the steam pipe 401 communicates the steam generator 10, the steam reheater 20, and the experimental apparatus 2, so that the steam generated by the steam generator 10 is introduced into the experimental apparatus 2.

In some embodiments, a first steam valve 4011 and a second steam valve 4012 are disposed on the steam pipeline 401, the first steam valve 4011 is disposed between the steam generator 10 and the steam reheater 20, and the second steam valve 4012 is disposed between the steam reheater 20 and the experimental device 2. The first steam valve 4011 and the second steam valve 4012 can be used to control the on/off of the steam flow in the steam pipeline 401, so as to control the start and stop of a steam generating device 1.

As shown in fig. 3, the conduit 40 may also include a water supply conduit 402 in some embodiments, the water supply conduit 402 may be used to transport deionized water. The water supply pipe 402 communicates the water replenishing device 30 with the steam generator 10, thereby ensuring that the water replenishing device 30 can supply a water source for generating steam to the steam generator 10 in an emergency. The water supply pipe 402 in some embodiments communicates the steam generator 10 with the water tank 50 and the experimental device 2, so as to enable the water replenishing device 30 to replenish the steam generator 10 in case of emergency and the condensed water of the experimental device 2 to flow back to the steam generator 10.

The water supply conduit 402 is provided with a non-return valve 4021 and a water inlet valve 4022 in some embodiments. The check valve 4021 is disposed between the experimental device 2 and the water inlet 14 of the steam generator 10, and can be used for one-way communication between the experimental device 2 and the steam generator 10. Specifically, the condensed water in the experimental device 2 may be returned to the steam generator 10 through the check valve 4021 to achieve the stabilization of the liquid level in the experimental device 2, thereby continuously generating the steam. A water inlet valve 4022 is disposed between the water tank 50 and the steam generator 10, and can control the on/off of the water tank 50 and the steam generator 10 so as to control the start/stop of the steam generating device 1.

In some embodiments, steam generating device 1 may further include a heat tracing band (not shown) wound around conduit 40. Specifically, in some embodiments, the steam pipe 401 is wound with a heat tracing band, and the heat tracing band may be used to maintain the temperature of the steam pipe 401, avoid condensation of steam when the steam passes through the steam pipe 401, effectively prevent the generation of wet steam, and may ensure the consistency of parameters such as the temperature of the steam to a certain extent. Of course, in some embodiments, the water supply pipeline 402 may also be wrapped with a heat tracing band, which is not described herein.

It should be noted that in some embodiments, the heat trace tape may be electrically heated to heat the surrounding conduit 40 to further maintain the conduit temperature.

In some embodiments, the surface of duct 40 may also be covered with insulation. Specifically, in some embodiments, the surface of the steam pipeline 401 is covered with an insulating layer, which can reduce the heat loss of the steam generating device 1, so as to ensure the steam temperature in the steam generating device 1, and the superheated steam is not easy to become wet steam due to temperature reduction. Of course, in some embodiments, the surface of the water supply pipeline 402 may also be covered with an insulation layer, which will not be described herein.

The experimental device 2 may include a heat exchanger disposed therein in some embodiments, and the heat exchange power of the heat exchanger may be adaptively adjusted according to the temperature of the steam at the steam inlet, so as to condense the steam input through the steam inlet, thereby achieving a dynamic balance between the steam generation amount and the steam condensation amount. The condensed water generated by the heat exchanger can flow back to the steam generator 10 through the water outlet thereof by the check valve 4021, and the condensed water can be output to the experimental device 2 again by reheating the steam generator 10. In the case of good sealing, the steam generating apparatus 1 and the experimental apparatus 2 can be circulated in a closed loop to perform a test for simulating a serious accident for a long time.

In some embodiments, when the steam generator 10 has a large evaporation amount in the start-up phase or the power-up phase and the condensed water in the experimental device 2 has not started to circulate, the liquid level in the steam generator 10 is too low to pass through the heater 12, so that the local temperature of the heater 12 is too high. In order to avoid the situation that the liquid level is low, it is required to ensure that the liquid level in the steam generator 10 is maintained at a certain submerged level with respect to the heater 12 during the water filling process before the steam generator 10 is started. The immersion height is set according to the maximum steam capacity of the steam generating device 1 and the experimental device 2, the size of the steam generator 10 and a safety margin to ensure that the steam generator 10 is in a safe working space.

It is to be understood that the above-described respective technical features may be used in any combination without limitation.

The above embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as the limitation of the scope of the present invention; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention; therefore, all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

Claims (11)

1. A steam generating device (1) for providing steam to a laboratory device (2), characterized by comprising:

the steam generator (10) is used for generating steam, the steam generator (10) comprises a water inlet (14) and a steam discharge port (15), and the water inlet (14) is communicated with a water discharge port of condensed water of the experimental device (2); the steam discharge port (15) is communicated with a steam inlet of the experimental device (2); and

a water tank (50), wherein the water tank (50) is communicated with the water inlet (14) and is used for providing water for the steam generator (10).

2. The steam generating device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the steam generating device (1) further comprises a water replenishing device (30), and the water replenishing device (30) is communicated with the water inlet (14) to replenish the water source for the steam generator (10).

3. A steam generating device (1) according to claim 2, wherein the water replenishing device (30) comprises a tank (31) and a compressed gas tank (303), the tank (31) having a gas space (301) and a liquid space (302), the compressed gas tank (303) being in communication with the gas space (301) and the liquid space (302) being in communication with the steam generator (10).

4. The steam generating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam generating device (1) further comprises a steam reheater (20), the steam reheater (20) being arranged between the steam generator (10) and the experimental apparatus (2).

5. Steam generating device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the surfaces of the steam generator (10) and the steam reheater (20) are covered with insulation.

6. The steam generating device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the steam reheater (20) comprises a steam reheater housing (21), a heating device (22) for measuring the steam temperature, and a temperature sensor (22) for reheating the steam output by the steam generator (10) to the steam reheater (20).

7. The steam generating device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the steam generating device (1) further comprises a pipe (40), the pipe (40) comprising a steam pipe (401), the steam pipe (401) communicating the steam generator (10), the steam reheater (20) and the experimental device (2).

8. The steam generating device (1) according to claim 2, wherein the steam generating device (1) further comprises a conduit (40), the conduit (40) comprising a water supply conduit (402), the water supply conduit (402) communicating the water replenishing device (30) with the steam generator (10) and the steam generator (10) with the water tank (50) and the experimental device (2), respectively.

9. The steam generating device (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the steam generating device (1) further comprises a heat tracing band, which is wound around the pipe (40); and/or the surface of the pipeline (40) is covered with an insulating layer.

10. The steam generating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a non-return valve (4021) is arranged between the water inlet (14) of the steam generator (10) and the experimental device (2), and the experimental device (2) is in one-way communication with the steam generator (10).

11. A nuclear power plant in-containment environment simulation system, characterized by comprising the steam generating device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and the experimental device (2), wherein the steam generating device (1) is communicated with the experimental device (2).

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