CN218805329U - Vehicle-mounted charging and discharging device based on V2G - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted charging and discharging device based on V2G Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及配电网技术领域,尤其涉及一种基于V2G(Vehicle-to-grid,电动汽车到电网互动技术)的车载充放电装置。The utility model relates to the technical field of power distribution networks, in particular to a vehicle-to-vehicle charging and discharging device based on V2G (Vehicle-to-grid, electric vehicle-to-grid interactive technology).
背景技术Background technique
目前满足并网接入装置一般为光伏发电、风力发电以及其他的微电网发电或储能装置,新能源发电装置投入成本高、受气候环境因素影响大,新能源发电装置和储能装置的建设特点决定了其无法满足可移动性、便携性等需求。目前需要低成本、便携性高的快速并网接入装置。在传统应用模式下,由于多数0.4kV应急电源车并不具备并机并网功能,所以在应用中会面对以下几种情况:①应急电源车在接入及退出用户侧母排时很可能迫使用户经历多次短时停电;②应急电源车的接入只能缩短市电突然掉电期间的用户停电时间;③在开展不停电更换用户变压器等复杂项目时,应急电源车使用受限。At present, the grid-connected devices are generally photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and other micro-grid power generation or energy storage devices. New energy power generation devices have high input costs and are greatly affected by climate and environmental factors. The construction of new energy power generation devices and energy storage devices The characteristics determine that it cannot meet the needs of mobility and portability. At present, there is a need for fast grid-connected access devices with low cost and high portability. In the traditional application mode, since most 0.4kV emergency power vehicles do not have the function of paralleling the machine and grid, the following situations will be faced in the application: ① When the emergency power vehicle connects to and exits the user-side busbar Force users to experience multiple short-term power outages; ②The access of emergency power supply vehicles can only shorten the user’s power outage time during the sudden power failure of the mains; ③When carrying out complex projects such as replacing user transformers without power failure, the use of emergency power supply vehicles is limited.
可见,现有技术中,难以实现电网和汽车蓄电池之间双向电能的转换,急需一种低成本、便携性高的快速并网接入装置以满足针对低压架空线路快速并网的需求。It can be seen that in the prior art, it is difficult to realize the bidirectional electric energy conversion between the power grid and the vehicle battery, and a low-cost, high-portability fast grid-connection access device is urgently needed to meet the demand for fast grid-connection of low-voltage overhead lines.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型提供了一种基于V2G的车载充放电装置,以解决现有技术中存在的问题。The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted charging and discharging device based on V2G to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
为了实现上述目的,本实用新型通过如下的技术方案来实现:In order to achieve the above object, the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
本实用新型提供一种基于V2G的车载充放电装置,包括:车载V2X应急电源,所述车载V2X应急电源主要由人机交互单元、功率控制单元和并离网切换单元三个部分组成,所述人机交互单元与所述功率控制单元的输入端连接,所述功率控制单元的输出端与所述并离网切换单元的输入端连接。The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted charging and discharging device based on V2G, including: a vehicle-mounted V2X emergency power supply, the vehicle-mounted V2X emergency power supply is mainly composed of three parts: a human-computer interaction unit, a power control unit, and an off-grid switching unit. The human-computer interaction unit is connected to the input end of the power control unit, and the output end of the power control unit is connected to the input end of the on-grid switching unit.
可选地,所述人机交互单元主要由智能电表、读卡器、显示屏组成,所述智能电表、读卡器、以及所述显示屏均与所述功率控制单元连接。Optionally, the human-computer interaction unit is mainly composed of a smart meter, a card reader, and a display screen, and the smart meter, card reader, and the display screen are all connected to the power control unit.
可选地,所述功率控制单元主要由V2G功率模块、控制板、通讯板、辅助电源、控制保护单元、后台通讯组成,所述后台通讯通过网络与所述通讯板连接,所述读卡器与所述通讯板连接,所述V2G功率模块、所述通讯板、辅助电源、控制保护单元均与所述控制板连接。Optionally, the power control unit is mainly composed of a V2G power module, a control board, a communication board, an auxiliary power supply, a control protection unit, and a background communication. The background communication is connected to the communication board through a network, and the card reader It is connected with the communication board, and the V2G power module, the communication board, the auxiliary power supply, and the control and protection unit are all connected with the control board.
可选地,所述并离网切换单元用于实现充放电的自动并离网切换功能。Optionally, the on-grid and off-grid switching unit is used to realize the automatic on-grid and off-grid switching function of charging and discharging.
可选地,还包括V2G充放电机,所述V2G充放电机与所述车载V2X应急电源连接,所述V2G充放电机包括并联的前级双向AC/DC变换器和后级双向DC/DC变换器。Optionally, a V2G charging and discharging machine is also included, the V2G charging and discharging machine is connected to the vehicle-mounted V2X emergency power supply, and the V2G charging and discharging machine includes a parallel front-stage bidirectional AC/DC converter and a rear-stage bidirectional DC/DC converter.
可选地,所述V2G充放电机还包括充放电模块,所述充放电模块的输出端与电池侧变换器连接。Optionally, the V2G charging and discharging machine further includes a charging and discharging module, the output end of the charging and discharging module is connected to the battery-side converter.
可选地,所述V2G充放电机还包括电网侧控制器,所述电网侧控制器采用电压外环、电流内环的双闭环控制方式。Optionally, the V2G charging and discharging motor further includes a grid-side controller, and the grid-side controller adopts a double closed-loop control mode of a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop.
有益效果:Beneficial effect:
本实用新型提供的基于V2G的车载充放电装置,该装置包括车载V2X应急电源,所述车载V2X应急电源主要由人机交互单元、功率控制单元和并离网切换单元三个部分组成,所述人机交互单元与所述功率控制单元的输入端连接,所述功率控制单元的输出端与所述并离网切换单元的输入端连接;克服了V2G技术中传统双向变流电路结构复杂、成本高、效率低的缺点,实现了同一电路运行两种工作模式的要求。The vehicle-mounted charging and discharging device based on V2G provided by the utility model includes a vehicle-mounted V2X emergency power supply, and the vehicle-mounted V2X emergency power supply is mainly composed of three parts: a human-computer interaction unit, a power control unit, and an off-grid switching unit. The human-computer interaction unit is connected to the input end of the power control unit, and the output end of the power control unit is connected to the input end of the on-grid and off-grid switching unit; it overcomes the complex structure and cost of the traditional bidirectional converter circuit in V2G technology The shortcomings of high efficiency and low efficiency have realized the requirement of running two working modes in the same circuit.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型优选实施例的总体控制方案结构图;Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the overall control scheme of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
图2为本实用新型优选实施例的功能框图;Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
图3为本实用新型优选实施例的系统拓扑图;Fig. 3 is the system topology diagram of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
图4为本实用新型优选实施例的一二次系接线图。Fig. 4 is a wiring diagram of the primary and secondary systems of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面对本实用新型的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本实用新型保护的范围。The technical solution of the utility model is clearly and completely described below, obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.
除非另作定义,本实用新型中使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本实用新型所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本实用新型中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样,“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制,而是表示存在至少一个。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后,则该相对位置关系也相应地改变。Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the utility model shall have the usual meanings understood by those with ordinary skills in the field to which the utility model belongs. "First", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Likewise, words like "a" or "one" do not denote a limitation in quantity, but indicate that there is at least one. Words such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "Down", "Left", "Right" and so on are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly.
请参见图1-图4,本申请提供的一种基于V2G的车载充放电装置,包括:车载V2X应急电源,所述车载V2X应急电源主要由人机交互单元、功率控制单元和并离网切换单元三个部分组成,所述人机交互单元与所述功率控制单元的输入端连接,所述功率控制单元的输出端与所述并离网切换单元的输入端连接。Please refer to Figures 1-4, a V2G-based vehicle charging and discharging device provided by this application includes: a vehicle-mounted V2X emergency power supply, the vehicle-mounted V2X emergency power supply is mainly composed of a human-computer interaction unit, a power control unit, and an off-grid switch The unit consists of three parts, the human-computer interaction unit is connected to the input end of the power control unit, and the output end of the power control unit is connected to the input end of the on-grid switching unit.
上述的基于V2G的车载充放电装置,该装置包括车载V2X应急电源,所述车载V2X应急电源主要由人机交互单元、功率控制单元和并离网切换单元三个部分组成,所述人机交互单元与所述功率控制单元的输入端连接,所述功率控制单元的输出端与所述并离网切换单元的输入端连接;克服了V2G技术中传统双向变流电路结构复杂、成本高、效率低的缺点,实现了同一电路运行两种工作模式的要求。The above-mentioned V2G-based vehicle charging and discharging device includes a vehicle-mounted V2X emergency power supply, and the vehicle-mounted V2X emergency power supply is mainly composed of three parts: a human-computer interaction unit, a power control unit, and an off-grid switching unit. The human-computer interaction The unit is connected to the input end of the power control unit, and the output end of the power control unit is connected to the input end of the on-grid and off-grid switching unit; it overcomes the complex structure, high cost and high efficiency of the traditional bidirectional converter circuit in V2G technology Low disadvantage, to achieve the requirements of the same circuit running two working modes.
可选地,所述人机交互单元主要由智能电表、读卡器、显示屏组成,所述智能电表、读卡器、以及所述显示屏均与所述功率控制单元连接。Optionally, the human-computer interaction unit is mainly composed of a smart meter, a card reader, and a display screen, and the smart meter, card reader, and the display screen are all connected to the power control unit.
本实施例中,人机交互单元用于设置充放电管理、计费管理和系统参数设置、用户管理等功能。In this embodiment, the human-computer interaction unit is used to set charging and discharging management, billing management, system parameter setting, user management and other functions.
可选地,所述功率控制单元主要由V2G功率模块、控制板、通讯板、辅助电源、控制保护单元、后台通讯组成,所述后台通讯通过网络与所述通讯板连接,所述读卡器与所述通讯板连接,所述V2G功率模块、所述通讯板、辅助电源、控制保护单元均与所述控制板连接。Optionally, the power control unit is mainly composed of a V2G power module, a control board, a communication board, an auxiliary power supply, a control protection unit, and a background communication. The background communication is connected to the communication board through a network, and the card reader It is connected with the communication board, and the V2G power module, the communication board, the auxiliary power supply, and the control and protection unit are all connected with the control board.
本实施例中,功率控制单元主要完成充放电过程的启动、运行、实时监控以及停止,同时采集车载BMS数据、功率模块输入输出数据并可通过多种通讯方式将数据实时上送至后台。In this embodiment, the power control unit mainly completes the start-up, operation, real-time monitoring and stop of the charging and discharging process, and at the same time collects vehicle-mounted BMS data, power module input and output data, and can send the data to the background in real time through various communication methods.
可选地,所述并离网切换单元用于实现充放电的自动并离网切换功能。Optionally, the on-grid and off-grid switching unit is used to realize the automatic on-grid and off-grid switching function of charging and discharging.
可选地,还包括V2G充放电机,所述V2G充放电机与所述车载V2X应急电源连接,所述V2G充放电机包括并联的前级双向AC/DC变换器和后级双向DC/DC变换器。Optionally, a V2G charging and discharging machine is also included, the V2G charging and discharging machine is connected to the vehicle-mounted V2X emergency power supply, and the V2G charging and discharging machine includes a parallel front-stage bidirectional AC/DC converter and a rear-stage bidirectional DC/DC converter.
本实施例中,V2G充放电机的前级双向AC/DC变换器和后级双向DC/DC变换器相对独立,而且它们所要达到的目标各不相同,可以进行分别控制。In this embodiment, the pre-stage bidirectional AC/DC converter and the post-stage bidirectional DC/DC converter of the V2G charging and discharging motor are relatively independent, and they have different goals to be achieved, and can be controlled separately.
可选地,所述V2G充放电机还包括充放电模块,所述充放电模块的输出端与电池侧变换器连接。Optionally, the V2G charging and discharging machine further includes a charging and discharging module, the output end of the charging and discharging module is connected to the battery-side converter.
可选地,所述V2G充放电机还包括电网侧控制器,所述电网侧控制器采用电压外环、电流内环的双闭环控制方式。Optionally, the V2G charging and discharging motor further includes a grid-side controller, and the grid-side controller adopts a double closed-loop control mode of a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop.
其中,充放电模块采用滞环比较控制方式,通过将实时检测的电压和电流量与给定值比较,滞环输出控制电池侧变换器的占空比,以实现恒流、恒压充电和并网时的Boost斩波变换;电网侧控制器采用电压外环、电流内环的双闭环控制方式实现电网侧变换器的充电适配和并网逆变。本实用新型克服了V2G技术中传统双向变流电路结构复杂、成本高、效率低的缺点,实现了同一电路运行两种工作模式的要求。Among them, the charging and discharging module adopts the hysteresis loop comparison control method. By comparing the real-time detected voltage and current with the given value, the hysteresis loop output controls the duty ratio of the battery side converter to achieve constant current, constant voltage charging and parallel charging. Boost chopper transformation for grid time; the grid side controller adopts a double closed-loop control method of voltage outer loop and current inner loop to realize the charging adaptation and grid-connected inverter of the grid-side converter. The utility model overcomes the disadvantages of complex structure, high cost and low efficiency of the traditional bidirectional current conversion circuit in the V2G technology, and realizes the requirement of the same circuit running two working modes.
本装置主要实现以下几个功能电动汽车充电功能、应急供电功能、虚拟电厂功能:This device mainly realizes the following functions: electric vehicle charging function, emergency power supply function, virtual power plant function:
电动汽车充电功能,主要由便携集成式充放电控制系统承担,要能够与车载BMS通信、监控BMS数据,此功能是基础功能,避免电动汽车爆燃、爆炸,优先级别最高。The charging function of electric vehicles is mainly undertaken by the portable integrated charging and discharging control system. It must be able to communicate with the on-board BMS and monitor BMS data. This function is the basic function, and it has the highest priority to avoid deflagration and explosion of electric vehicles.
应急供电功能,主要由电动汽车应急保电电源监控APP承担,在满足电动车BMS需求保障功能的基础上,根据需要保电的电网侧或用户侧的需求,制定控制策略,控制便携集成式充放电控制系统按指令进行放电。The emergency power supply function is mainly undertaken by the electric vehicle emergency power supply monitoring APP. On the basis of meeting the demand guarantee function of the electric vehicle BMS, according to the needs of the power grid side or the user side that need power protection, a control strategy is formulated to control the portable integrated charger. The discharge control system discharges according to the instruction.
虚拟电厂功能,同电动车应急/保电电源还可以做作为虚拟电厂参与电网侧虚拟调峰及消峰工作。With the function of virtual power plant, it can also be used as a virtual power plant to participate in the virtual peak-shaving and peak-shaving work on the grid side, just like the emergency/guaranteed power supply of electric vehicles.
当需要给电动汽车充电时,AC市电通过车载V2X应急电源变换出200-750VDC电源给车载电池充电;当需要应急AC供电时,车载电池系统存储的电能通过车载V2X应急电源换成380Vac/220Vac交流电源到交流微网(V2G)或者交流设备(V2L)。When it is necessary to charge the electric vehicle, the AC mains power is transformed into 200-750VDC power by the on-board V2X emergency power supply to charge the on-board battery; when emergency AC power supply is required, the electric energy stored in the on-board battery system is converted into 380Vac/220Vac by the on-board V2X emergency power supply AC power to AC microgrid (V2G) or AC equipment (V2L).
以上详细描述了本实用新型的较佳具体实施例。应当理解,本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本实用新型的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此,凡本技术领域中技术人员依本实用新型的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案,皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。The preferred specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the utility model without creative efforts. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the utility model through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims .
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