CN218764710U - Efficient vaporization condensation heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an efficient vaporization condensation heat exchanger, it has included left side pipe case, interlude and right side pipe case, and the interlude is inside to wear to have high-efficient heat exchange tube external member, and this external member has bilayer structure, and the outer tube is forms such as smooth heat exchange tube, screw thread heat exchange tube, pitted surface heat exchange tube, ripple heat exchange tube, interior ripples external screw thread heat exchange tube, channel heat exchange tube, and the plug-in components is outer finned tube in the low temperature heat transfer section, and the vortex piece is inserted to the inside of plug-in components in the low temperature heat transfer section and the inside of high temperature heat transfer section heat exchange tube. The heat exchange tube can realize large temperature difference heat exchange between a heat source medium and a low-temperature medium, avoid freezing and blocking of the normal-temperature heat source medium, and can also be used for heat exchange between steam and the low-temperature medium, thereby realizing steam condensation. For the project of heating and gasifying ultra-low temperature media such as LNG, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen and the like which use the media with higher freezing points such as seawater, circulating water, calcium chloride solution, glycol solution and the like as heat sources, the adoption of the structure can greatly reduce the equipment investment cost.

Description

Efficient vaporization condensation heat exchanger

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to heat exchange, heat transfer device and heat transfer apparatus field, especially one kind is used for using sea water, circulating water, calcium chloride solution, ethylene glycol solution etc. as heat source medium, ultra-low temperature medium such as direct heating or gasification LNG, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, or with steam as heat source medium, realizes the heat exchanger of steam condensation and low temperature medium gasification, specifically speaking is an efficient gasification or condenser.

Background

With the rapid development of social economy, the problems of energy consumption and environmental pollution become more severe, and China has successively released a plurality of policy principles to greatly promote the optimization and adjustment of energy structure and the prevention and treatment of atmospheric pollution. For this country, it is proposed to develop and efficiently utilize renewable energy in a large scale, and to accelerate the development of new models. The model transformation in China determines the necessity of large-scale utilization of LNG cold energy. At present, LNG cold energy utilization technology at home and abroad is mature, and the LNG cold energy utilization technology is mainly used in large and small gasification stations and relates to the fields of refrigeration of a refrigeration house, dry ice preparation, seawater desalination, cold energy power generation, carbon dioxide liquefaction, air separation, air conditioning systems and the like.

Under normal pressure, the boiling point of LNG is very low, and the LNG can be used for pipeline transportation or subsequent production process only after being heated or gasified to raise the temperature by special low-temperature heat exchange equipment and regulating the pressure to a specified condition. The heating or gasifying process has a large heat treatment amount and can be completed by using a large heat exchanger or a gasifier with large treatment capacity. Meanwhile, when seawater, circulating water, a calcium chloride solution, a glycol solution and other media with larger difference between the freezing point and the boiling point of LNG are used as heat sources to directly exchange heat with LNG, the media are easy to freeze, and the heat exchange performance and the use safety of equipment are greatly reduced.

The vaporizer is a key device for LNG vaporization at the LNG receiving station, and largely determines the economic cost of the receiving station. ORV, IFV and SCV gasifiers currently on the market are the most widely used base load type and peaking type gasifiers. In general, the ORV gasifier is made of aluminum alloy, the material is not resistant to scouring, an anode protective coating needs to be sprayed, but the coating is not resistant to seawater scouring, and the spraying maintenance cost is high in the service life cycle; the IFV gasifier adopts an intermediate medium heat exchange mode, the structure and heat transfer design are complex to calculate, and corrosion-resistant materials are titanium materials and are expensive; the SCV gasifier needs to burn natural gas to generate heat to gasify LNG, and the system is complex and has high operation and maintenance costs.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an efficient vaporization condensation heat exchanger aiming at the problems of high use cost, complex structure and short service life of the existing gasifier in the current market, in particular, a heat exchange element of the efficient vaporization condensation heat exchanger has a double-layer structure, and fins on the outer surface of an inner plug can increase and expand the heat exchange area and strengthen the heat transfer; the turbulence piece in the pipe can strengthen the turbulence degree of fluid in the pipe, reduce dirt generation, improve the heat transfer coefficient in the pipe and strengthen heat transfer. The structure can greatly reduce the equipment investment cost for the project of heating and gasifying ultra-low temperature media such as LNG, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen and the like which use the media with higher freezing points such as seawater, circulating water, calcium chloride solution, glycol solution and the like as heat sources, and is particularly suitable for the occasions of refrigerating a cold storage, preparing dry ice, desalting seawater, generating cold energy, liquefying carbon dioxide, separating air and using LNG cold energy for air conditioning systems.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that:

an efficient vaporization condensation heat exchanger is characterized in that: the heat exchange tube comprises a high-efficiency heat exchange tube kit, wherein an outer tube of a heat exchange tube (a high-temperature section and a low-temperature section) in the high-efficiency heat exchange tube kit is one of the forms of a common smooth heat exchange tube, a threaded heat exchange tube, a pitted heat exchange tube, a corrugated heat exchange tube, an inner wave outer thread heat exchange tube, a channel heat exchange tube and the like, an inner insert of the low-temperature heat exchange section of the heat exchange tube is an outer finned tube (a spiral fin or a longitudinal fin), and spoilers are arranged inside the inner insert of the low-temperature heat exchange section of the heat exchange tube and inside the high-temperature heat exchange section of the heat exchange tube. The outer pipe of the high-efficiency heat exchange pipe set is made of high-strength low-temperature-resistant materials such as low-temperature carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, nickel and nickel alloy, copper and copper alloy and the like; the outer surface of the insert in the low-temperature section is a longitudinal or spiral fin and can be formed by processing soft low-temperature-resistant medium metal such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper alloy and the like; the turbulence piece can adopt a single spiral button curve belt, a cross spiral button curve belt, a static mixer inner plug and the like, the width of the turbulence piece arranged in the inner plug of the low-temperature heat exchange section is smaller than that of the turbulence piece arranged in the outer pipe of the high-temperature heat exchange section, the thickness range of the turbulence piece is 0.5 to 5mm, and the turbulence piece can be formed by processing aluminum alloy or copper.

The low-temperature heat exchange section of the high-efficiency heat exchange tube set adopted by the heat exchange tube of the high-efficiency vaporization/condensation heat exchanger has a unique double-layer structure, so that large-temperature-difference heat exchange between a normal-temperature heat source medium and an ultra-low-temperature medium can be realized, and the freezing and blocking of the normal-temperature heat source medium are avoided; the heat exchanger can also be used for heat exchange between steam and a low-temperature medium so as to realize steam condensation; the inner insert and the turbulence piece with the helical fins or the longitudinal fins can strengthen heat transfer from two aspects of expanding heat exchange area and improving heat transfer coefficient in the pipe, thereby designing a more efficient heat exchanger and achieving the purposes of saving energy and reducing consumption,

the utility model has the advantages that:

1) The requirement on the structural design of the equipment is low: the structure is simple, the heat exchanger can be made into a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger can be horizontally or vertically installed.

2) The application range is wide, and the shell-side heat source medium can use a normal-temperature heat source to realize the gasification of the tube-side ultralow-temperature medium; steam can also be used as a shell side heat source to realize steam condensation.

3) The equipment investment cost is saved: the heat exchange efficiency is high, the required heat exchange area is small, and the equipment specification is small.

4) The equipment operation cost is saved: the heat exchange efficiency is high, and normal temperature seawater and circulating water can be directly used as heat sources, so that the energy consumption is greatly reduced.

5) The heat source medium can not be frozen to form frozen blocks in the using process, and the equipment safety is high.

6) The use process is pollution-free.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the efficient vaporization condensation heat exchanger of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram of the high-efficiency heat exchange tube kit of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spoiler single spiral knob band.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cross-spiral kink band of a spoiler.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a common smooth outer tube.

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the channel outer tube structure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a corrugated outer pipe.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an internal wave external thread outer pipe.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a threaded outer tube structure.

In FIG. 2: 10 is a heat exchange pipe, 11 is an inner insert, 12 is a spoiler, 13 is a spoiler and the inner insert, and F represents the direction of the inlet side of the low-temperature medium.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

See fig. 1-9.

A high-efficiency vaporization condensation heat exchanger comprises a low-temperature medium pipe 1, a pipe box 2, a heat source medium pipe opening 3, a shell 4, a baffle plate 5, a high-efficiency heat exchange pipe external member 6, a heat source medium pipe opening 7, a pipe box 8 and a low-temperature medium pipe opening 9, as shown in figure 1

Referring to fig. 2-9 in a matching manner, the heat exchange element of the present invention, i.e. the low-temperature heat exchange section of the high-efficiency heat exchange tube set, has a double-layer structure, as shown in fig. 2, the outer tube is made of a common smooth heat exchange tube, a threaded heat exchange tube, a pitted heat exchange tube, a corrugated heat exchange tube, an internal wave external thread heat exchange tube, a channel heat exchange tube, etc., as shown in any one of fig. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and can be made of high-strength low-temperature resistant materials such as low-temperature carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, nickel and nickel alloy, copper and copper alloy, etc.; the insert in the low-temperature heat exchange section is an outer finned tube, and turbulence pieces are inserted in the insert in the low-temperature heat exchange section and the heat exchange tube in the high-temperature heat exchange section; the outer surface of the insert in the low-temperature section is a longitudinal or spiral fin and can be formed by processing soft low-temperature-resistant metal such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper alloy and the like; the turbulence pieces can be in the forms of single spiral button curved belts, cross spiral button curved belts, static mixer inner insertion pieces and the like, as shown in figures 3-4, the width of the turbulence piece arranged in the inner insertion piece of the low-temperature heat exchange section is smaller than that of the turbulence piece arranged in the outer pipe of the high-temperature heat exchange section, the thickness range of the turbulence piece is 0.5-5mm, and the turbulence piece can be formed by processing aluminum alloy or copper.

Example 1.

Reference is made to figure 1.

The utility model provides a high-efficient vaporization condensation heat exchanger, its whole size length 5300mm, diameter 1000mm, horizontal installation. LNG at the temperature of-155 ℃ enters the tube box 2 from the cryogenic medium tube orifice 1, then enters the tube side of the heat exchanger from one end with a double-layer structure, and is discharged from the cryogenic medium tube orifice 9 after exchanging heat with the shell side heat source medium. Seawater at the temperature of 5-30 ℃ enters the shell side from the heat source medium pipe orifice 3, flows outside the heat exchange pipe in a downstream mode, and is discharged from the heat source medium pipe orifice 7.

590 pieces of high-efficiency heat exchange tube kits with the specification of phi 25 x 2 x 3500mm are arranged in the heat exchanger. At the low temperature heat transfer section of LNG entry, because high-efficient heat transfer tube external member has bilayer structure, the intraductal flow of LNG is forced to be distributed into two parts: a small portion flows in the gap between the heat exchange tube and the insert and a large portion flows inside the insert. The heat of sea water is transmitted to the LNG in the gap through the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, the flow of the LNG in the gap is small, the heat required by gasification is small, the LNG in the gap is rapidly gasified into NG, and the sea water is very small in cooling amplitude and cannot be frozen. The NG is continuously heated by the seawater in the gap, and then the NG in the gap heats the main flow LNG in the inner insert through the wall of the inner insert, so that the heat flow of the seawater is indirectly transferred to the main flow LNG, and the LNG in the inner insert is heated. The heat is transferred between the seawater and the mainstream LNG through the indirect NG gas model, the process of transferring the cold energy of the LNG to the seawater is slowed down, and the heat flux density is reduced, so the double-layer structure can effectively avoid the icing problem caused by the direct heat exchange between the seawater and the mainstream LNG. The mainstream LNG is heated in the inner plug-in unit and then enters the single-layer high-temperature heat exchange section together with the NG in the gap to be directly heated by the seawater, and at the moment, the LNG is high in temperature and directly exchanges heat with the seawater to prevent the seawater from freezing.

The outer longitudinal fins or helical fins of the insert facilitate support of the insert and flow distribution of the LNG/NG in the gaps, while enlarging the heat exchange area and increasing the heat transfer capacity. The turbulence intensity of the LNG/NG in the inner pipe of the inner insert is increased by the turbulence piece in the inner insert through turbulence, and the heat exchange between the LNG/NG in the inner pipe of the inner insert and the air film in the gap is strengthened; the turbulence piece in the heat exchange pipe section without the inner insert increases the turbulence intensity of LNG in the heat exchange pipe through turbulence, and strengthens the heat exchange between the LNG and seawater in the heat exchange pipe.

Example 2.

Reference is made to figure 1.

The utility model provides a high-efficient vaporization condensation heat exchanger, its whole size length 5300mm, diameter 1000mm, vertical installation, low temperature medium mouth of pipe 1 and heat source medium mouth of pipe 3 are located the below, and low temperature medium mouth of pipe 9 and heat source medium mouth of pipe 7 are located the top. Liquid nitrogen at the temperature of-196 ℃ enters a tube box 2 from a low-temperature medium tube orifice 1, then enters a tube side of a heat exchanger from one end with a double-layer structure, and is discharged from a low-temperature medium tube orifice 9 after exchanging heat with a shell side heat source medium. Steam enters the shell side from the heat source medium pipe orifice 7, flows outside the heat exchange pipe from top to bottom and is condensed, and steam condensate is discharged from the heat source medium pipe orifice 3.

590 pieces of high-efficiency heat exchange tube kits with the specification of phi 25 x 2 x 3500mm are arranged in the heat exchanger. In the low-temperature heat exchange section at the liquid nitrogen inlet, because the high-efficiency heat exchange tube kit has a double-layer structure, the flow in the tube of the liquid nitrogen is forcedly distributed into two parts: a small portion flows in the gap between the heat exchange tube and the insert and a large portion flows inside the insert. The heat of the steam and the condensate thereof is transferred to the liquid nitrogen in the gap through the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, the flow of the liquid nitrogen in the gap is small, and the heat required by gasification is small, so the liquid nitrogen in the gap is quickly gasified into nitrogen, and the steam and the condensate thereof have high temperature and small cooling amplitude and cannot be frozen. The nitrogen gas in the gap is continuously heated by the steam, the main flow liquid nitrogen in the insert is heated by the nitrogen gas in the gap through the wall of the insert, and the heat flow of the steam and condensate thereof is indirectly transferred to the main flow liquid nitrogen, so that the temperature of the liquid nitrogen in the insert is increased. The steam and the condensate thereof transfer heat with the liquid nitrogen of the main stream through an indirect nitrogen gas mold, thereby not only realizing the condensation of the steam, but also avoiding the freezing and blocking of the condensate. The main flow liquid nitrogen is heated in the inner plug-in unit and then enters the single-layer high-temperature heat exchange section together with the nitrogen in the gap to receive the direct heating of the steam and the condensate thereof, and at the moment, the direct heat exchange with the steam and the condensate thereof does not freeze the condensate because the liquid nitrogen has higher temperature.

The outer longitudinal fins or helical fins of the inner insert are beneficial to the support of the inner insert and the flow distribution of liquid nitrogen/nitrogen in the gap, and meanwhile, the heat exchange area is enlarged, and the heat transfer quantity is increased. In the inner insert, the turbulence intensity of liquid nitrogen/nitrogen in the inner tube of the inner insert is increased by the turbulence piece through turbulence, and the heat exchange between the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen in the inner tube of the inner insert and the gas film in the gap is strengthened; the turbulence piece in the heat exchange pipe section without the inner insert increases the turbulence intensity of liquid nitrogen in the heat exchange pipe through turbulence, and strengthens the heat exchange of the liquid nitrogen, steam and condensate thereof in the heat exchange pipe.

The utility model discloses the part that does not relate to is the same with prior art or can adopt prior art to realize.

Claims (4)

1. A high-efficiency vaporization condensation heat exchanger comprises a left tube box, a middle section and a right tube box, wherein a high-efficiency heat exchange tube suite penetrates through the middle section, and the high-efficiency heat exchange tube suite is characterized by having a double-layer structure, and an outer tube is one of a smooth heat exchange tube, a threaded heat exchange tube, a pitted heat exchange tube, a corrugated heat exchange tube, an inner wave outer thread heat exchange tube and a channel heat exchange tube; the insert in the low-temperature heat exchange section is an outer finned tube, and the insert in the low-temperature heat exchange section and the insert in the high-temperature heat exchange section are turbulent flow pieces; the high-efficiency heat exchange tube kit can realize large-temperature-difference heat exchange between a heat source medium and a low-temperature medium, avoid freezing and blocking of the normal-temperature heat source medium, and can also be used for heat exchange between steam and the low-temperature medium, thereby realizing steam condensation.

2. The high efficiency evaporative condensation heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein: the outer pipe of the high-efficiency heat exchange pipe external member is low-temperature carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, nickel and nickel alloy, copper and copper alloy.

3. The high efficiency evaporative condensation heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the inner insert is a longitudinal or spiral fin and is formed by processing aluminum and aluminum alloy, copper and copper alloy.

4. The high efficiency evaporative condensation heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein: the turbulence piece adopts a single spiral button curved belt, a cross spiral button curved belt and a static mixer inner insert type, the width of the turbulence piece arranged in the inner insert of the low-temperature heat exchange section is smaller than that of the turbulence piece arranged in the outer pipe of the high-temperature heat exchange section, the thickness range of the turbulence piece is 0.5 to 5mm, and the turbulence piece is formed by processing aluminum alloy or copper.

Images