CN218678417U - Protection circuit and vehicle - Google Patents
Protection circuit and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN218678417U CN218678417U CN202223265243.7U CN202223265243U CN218678417U CN 218678417 U CN218678417 U CN 218678417U CN 202223265243 U CN202223265243 U CN 202223265243U CN 218678417 U CN218678417 U CN 218678417U
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Abstract
The application provides a protection circuit and vehicle, wherein, the circuit includes: the digital tube comprises a switch group, a Micro Control Unit (MCU) and a digital tube, wherein the switch group comprises a plurality of switches; each switch of the switch group is respectively connected with a first input end of the MCU, and the nixie tube is connected with a first output end of the MCU; and the MCU is used for responding to the instantaneous closing operation executed by the user on any switch in the switch group and the times corresponding to the instantaneous closing operation, and controlling the nixie tube to display the numerical value corresponding to the switch and the times. This application is through increasing switch and charactron in protection circuit to make the user can adjust by oneself and predetermine voltage protection scope and predetermine current protection scope, solved the technical problem that needs the host computer to modify the singlechip procedure among the prior art, reached the technological effect who improves protection circuit suitability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of protection circuits, in particular to a protection circuit and a vehicle.
Background
The power supply equipment supplies power to the load, and in order to prevent a voltage value or a current value generated by the power supply equipment from influencing normal work of the load, the prior art controls whether the power supply equipment supplies power to the load by identifying whether the voltage value and the current value output by the power supply equipment belong to corresponding preset ranges respectively through the single chip microcomputer. If the power supply equipment or the load is changed, the preset range can also be changed in response, so that the program of the single chip microcomputer needs to be modified through the upper computer, and the applicability is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, an object of the present application is to provide a protection circuit and a vehicle, which can enable a user to adjust a preset voltage protection range and a preset current protection range by himself/herself by adding a switch and a nixie tube in the protection circuit, so as to solve the technical problem that an upper computer is required to modify a program of a single chip microcomputer in the prior art, and achieve the technical effect of improving the applicability of the protection circuit.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a protection circuit, where the protection circuit is configured to protect a load, and prevent a voltage value output by a power supply device that supplies power to the load from not belonging to a preset voltage protection range corresponding to the load, and/or prevent a current value output by the power supply device from not belonging to a preset current protection range corresponding to the load, and the protection circuit includes: the digital tube comprises a switch group, a Micro Control Unit (MCU) and a digital tube, wherein the switch group comprises a plurality of switches; each switch of the switch group is respectively connected with a first input end of the MCU, and the nixie tube is connected with a first output end of the MCU; and the MCU is used for responding to the instantaneous closing operation and the times corresponding to the instantaneous closing operation executed by any switch in the switch group by a user, and controlling the nixie tube to display the numerical value corresponding to the switch and the times so as to modify the preset voltage protection range and/or the preset current protection range.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises: the device comprises a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit and a driving chip; the input end of the voltage acquisition circuit is connected with the power supply equipment, and the output end of the voltage acquisition circuit is connected with the second input end of the MCU; the input end of the current acquisition circuit is connected with the power supply equipment, and the output end of the current acquisition circuit is connected with the third input end of the MCU; the input end of the driving chip is connected with the second output end of the MCU; the voltage acquisition circuit is used for acquiring a voltage value output by the power supply equipment and transmitting the voltage value to the MCU; the current acquisition circuit is used for acquiring a current value output by the power supply equipment and transmitting the current value to the MCU; the driving chip is used for controlling the switch between the power supply equipment and the load; the MCU is used for determining whether the voltage value belongs to a preset voltage protection range or not, and if not, sending a disconnection signal to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be disconnected; and/or the MCU is used for determining whether the current value belongs to a preset current protection range or not, and if not, sending a disconnection signal to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be disconnected.
Optionally, the switch block comprises: a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch; the circuit further comprises: the circuit comprises a first power supply, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a fourth resistor; the input ends of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are connected with a first power supply, the output end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the first switch and a first input pin of the MCU, the output end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the second switch and a second input pin of the MCU, the output end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the third switch and a third input pin of the MCU, the output end of the fourth resistor is connected with one end of the fourth switch and a fourth input pin of the MCU, and the output ends of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are grounded.
Optionally, the voltage acquisition circuit comprises: a first electrical connector, a diode and a capacitor; the first interface of the first electric connector is connected with power supply equipment, the voltage output by the first interface of the first electric connector is used as a second power supply, the second power supply is connected with the input end of a diode, the output end of the diode is connected with the input end of a capacitor, and the output end of the capacitor is grounded; and a second interface of the first electric connector is connected with a fifth input pin of the MCU.
Optionally, a first input end of the driving chip is connected with a first output pin of the MCU, and a second input end of the driving chip is connected with a second output pin of the MCU; the first output end of the driving chip is connected with the third interface of the first electric connector, the second output end of the driving chip is connected with the fourth interface of the first electric connector, the third interface of the first electric connector is connected with the positive terminal of the relay, and the fourth interface of the first electric connector is connected with the negative terminal of the relay, so that the relay is switched on and off under the control of the driving chip; the power supply end of the driving chip is connected with the input end of the capacitor, and the grounding end of the driving chip is grounded.
Optionally, the current collection circuit comprises: the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the sliding resistor and the second electric connector; the first power supply is connected with the input end of the fifth resistor, the output end of the fifth resistor is connected with the input end of the sixth resistor and the first end of the sliding resistor, the first interface of the second electric connector is connected with the second end of the sliding resistor, the first interface of the second electric connector is also connected with the output end of the power supply device, the sixth input pin of the MCU is connected with the third end of the sliding resistor, and the second interface of the second electric connector and the output end of the sixth resistor are grounded.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises: the first light-emitting diode, the second light-emitting diode, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor; a third output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of a seventh resistor, an output end of the seventh resistor is connected with an input end of the first light-emitting diode, a fourth output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of an eighth resistor, an output end of the eighth resistor is connected with an input end of the second light-emitting diode, and output ends of the first light-emitting diode and the second light-emitting diode are grounded; the MCU is used for controlling the first light-emitting diode to be conducted if the voltage value does not belong to the preset voltage protection range and/or the current value does not belong to the preset current protection range; and the MCU is used for controlling the conduction of the second light-emitting diode if the voltage value belongs to the preset voltage protection range and the current value belongs to the preset current protection range.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises: a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, and a sixteenth resistor; a fifth output pin of the MCU is connected with the input end of a ninth resistor, and the output end of the ninth resistor is connected with a first input pin of the nixie tube; a sixth output pin of the MCU is connected with the input end of a tenth resistor, and the output end of the tenth resistor is connected with a second input pin of the nixie tube; a seventh output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of an eleventh resistor, and an output end of the eleventh resistor is connected with a third input pin of the nixie tube; an eighth output pin of the MCU is connected with the input end of the twelfth resistor, and the output end of the twelfth resistor is connected with a fourth input pin of the nixie tube; a ninth output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of a thirteenth resistor, and an output end of the thirteenth resistor is connected with a fifth input pin of the nixie tube; a tenth output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of a fourteenth resistor, and an output end of the fourteenth resistor is connected with a sixth input pin of the nixie tube; an eleventh output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of a fifteenth resistor, and an output end of the fifteenth resistor is connected with a seventh input pin of the nixie tube; and a twelfth output pin of the MCU is connected with the input end of a sixteenth resistor, and the output end of the sixteenth resistor is connected with an eighth input pin of the nixie tube.
Optionally, a thirteenth output pin of the MCU is connected to a ninth input pin of the nixie tube; a fourteenth output pin of the MCU is connected with a tenth input pin of the nixie tube; a fifteenth output pin of the MCU is connected with an eleventh input pin of the nixie tube; and a sixteenth output pin of the MCU is connected with a twelfth input pin of the nixie tube.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a vehicle, where the vehicle includes the circuit in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
The protection circuit and vehicle that this application embodiment provided, the circuit includes: the digital tube comprises a switch group, a Micro Control Unit (MCU) and a digital tube, wherein the switch group comprises a plurality of switches; each switch of the switch group is respectively connected with a first input end of the MCU, and the nixie tube is connected with a first output end of the MCU; and the MCU is used for responding to the instantaneous closing operation executed by the user on any switch in the switch group and the times corresponding to the instantaneous closing operation, and controlling the nixie tube to display the numerical value corresponding to the switch and the times. This application is through increasing switch and charactron in protection circuit to make the user can adjust by oneself and predetermine voltage protection scope and predetermine current protection scope, solved the technical problem that needs the host computer to modify the singlechip procedure among the prior art, reached the technological effect who improves protection circuit suitability.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 shows a circuit diagram of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. Every other embodiment that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present application falls within the protection scope of the present application.
In the prior art, an upper computer is required to modify the voltage or current protection range of a single chip or an MCU in a protection circuit, so that the applicability of the protection circuit is low.
In order to solve the problems, the embodiment of the application provides a protection circuit and a vehicle, and a switch and a nixie tube are additionally arranged in the protection circuit, so that a user can adjust a preset voltage protection range and a preset current protection range by himself, the technical problem that an upper computer is required to modify a single chip microcomputer program in the prior art is solved, and the technical effect of improving the applicability of the protection circuit is achieved. The method comprises the following specific steps:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, in the protection circuit provided in this embodiment of the present application, the protection circuit is configured to protect a load, and prevent a voltage value output by a power supply device that supplies power to the load from falling outside a preset voltage protection range corresponding to the load and/or a current value output by the power supply device from falling outside a preset current protection range corresponding to the load, and the protection circuit includes: the device comprises a switch group, a micro control unit MCU, a nixie tube, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit and a driving chip.
The switch group comprises a plurality of switches; each switch of the switch group is respectively connected with the first input end of the MCU, and the nixie tube is connected with the first output end of the MCU.
The input end of the voltage acquisition circuit is connected with the power supply equipment, and the output end of the voltage acquisition circuit is connected with the second input end of the MCU; the input end of the current acquisition circuit is connected with the power supply equipment, and the output end of the current acquisition circuit is connected with the third input end of the MCU; and the input end of the driving chip is connected with the second output end of the MCU.
And the voltage acquisition circuit is used for acquiring the voltage value output by the power supply equipment and transmitting the voltage value to the MCU.
And the current acquisition circuit is used for acquiring a current value output by the power supply equipment and transmitting the current value to the MCU.
And the driving chip is used for controlling the switch between the power supply equipment and the load.
The MCU is used for determining whether the voltage value belongs to a preset voltage protection range or not, and if not, sending a disconnection signal to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be disconnected; and/or the MCU is used for determining whether the current value belongs to a preset current protection range or not, and if not, sending a disconnection signal to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be disconnected.
The MCU is also used for determining whether the voltage value is larger than an upper limit value (overvoltage value) of a preset voltage protection range, if so, the voltage output by the power supply equipment is considered to be in an overvoltage state, and a disconnection signal is sent to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be disconnected; whether the voltage value output by the power supply equipment is equal to the overvoltage recovery value or not is continuously determined, if the voltage value is equal to the overvoltage recovery value, whether the disconnection time of the power supply equipment and the load is larger than or equal to the recovery time or not is determined, and if the disconnection time of the power supply equipment and the load is larger than or equal to the recovery time, a closing signal is sent to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be connected again.
The MCU is also used for determining whether the voltage value is smaller than a lower limit value (undervoltage value) of a preset voltage protection range, if the voltage value is smaller than the lower limit value of the preset voltage protection range, the voltage output by the power supply equipment is considered to be in an undervoltage state, and a disconnection signal is sent to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be disconnected; and continuously determining whether the voltage value output by the power supply equipment is equal to an undervoltage recovery value, if so, determining whether the disconnection time of the power supply equipment and the load is greater than or equal to the recovery time, and if so, sending a closing signal to the driving chip to enable the driving chip to control the power supply equipment and the load to be connected again.
That is, after it is determined that the voltage value output by the power supply apparatus is greater than the overvoltage value, the power supply apparatus is controlled to supply power to the load again when the voltage value output by the power supply apparatus is equal to the overvoltage recovery value. And after the voltage value output by the power supply equipment is determined to be smaller than the undervoltage value, controlling the power supply equipment to supply power to the load again when the voltage value output by the power supply equipment is equal to the undervoltage recovery value.
The MCU is also used for determining whether the current value is larger than the upper limit value (overcurrent value) of the preset current protection range, if so, the current output by the power supply equipment is considered to be in an overcurrent state, and a disconnection signal is sent to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be disconnected; and continuously determining whether the current value output by the power supply equipment is smaller than or equal to the upper limit value of the preset current protection range, if the current value is smaller than or equal to the upper limit value of the preset current protection range, determining whether the disconnection time of the power supply equipment and the load is larger than or equal to the recovery time, and if the disconnection time of the power supply equipment and the load is larger than or equal to the recovery time, sending a closing signal to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be connected again.
The MCU is also used for determining whether the current value is smaller than the lower limit value of the preset current protection range, if the current value is smaller than the lower limit value of the preset current protection range, the current output by the power supply equipment is considered to be in an undercurrent state, and a disconnection signal is sent to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be disconnected; whether the current value output by the power supply equipment is larger than or equal to the lower limit value of the preset current protection range or not is continuously determined, if the current value is larger than or equal to the lower limit value of the preset current protection range, whether the disconnection time of the power supply equipment and the load is larger than or equal to the recovery time or not is determined, and if the disconnection time of the power supply equipment and the load is larger than or equal to the recovery time, a closing signal is sent to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be connected again.
That is, after it is determined that the current value output by the power supply apparatus is greater than the overcurrent value, when the current value output by the power supply apparatus is less than or equal to the overcurrent value, the power supply apparatus is controlled to supply power to the load again. And after the current value output by the power supply equipment is determined to be smaller than the under-current value, controlling the power supply equipment to supply power to the load again when the current value output by the power supply equipment is larger than or equal to the under-current value.
And the switch group is used for being instantaneously closed when a user performs instantaneous closing operation, and the first input end of the MCU receives a pulse signal due to the instantaneous closing.
And the MCU is used for responding to the instantaneous closing operation executed by any switch in the switch group by a user and the times corresponding to the instantaneous closing operation, and controlling the nixie tube to display the numerical values corresponding to the switch and the times so as to modify the preset voltage protection range and/or the preset current protection range.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the protection circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: a switch block, the switch block comprising: first switch K1, second switch K2, third switch K3 and fourth switch K4, MCU (U1), charactron U2, voltage acquisition circuit, current acquisition circuit, driver chip U3, first power 5V, first resistance R1, second resistance R2, third resistance R3 and fourth resistance R4.MCU includes 28 pins, and charactron U2 is the same cloudy charactron of quadbit. The resistance values of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are all 1 kilo-ohm.
The input ends of a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4 are connected with a first power supply 5V, the output end of the first resistor R1 is connected with one end of a first switch K1 and a first input pin P1.4 of an MCU, the output end of the second resistor R2 is connected with one end of the second switch K2 and a second input pin P1.5 of the MCU, the output end of the third resistor R3 is connected with one end of a third switch K3 and a third input pin P1.6 of the MCU, the output end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with one end of a fourth switch K4 and a fourth input pin of the MCU through P1.7, and the output ends of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are grounded.
The first switch K1 is a set switch, the first switch K1 is in an off state in a default state, because the input end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the first power supply 5V, and then the input of the first input pin P1.4 of the MCU is at a high level, if the user manually presses the first switch K1 once, the first switch K1 is instantly closed and then turned off, the output end of the first resistor R1 is grounded when being instantly closed, at this time, the input of the first input pin P1.4 of the MCU is at a low level, and the second switch K2, the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 are also in the same principle when being pressed, which is not described herein again. The second switch K2 is a numerical value addition switch, the third switch K3 is a numerical value subtraction switch, and the fourth switch K4 is an exit key. Through the program of predetermineeing in the MCU, set up the user and press once first switch K1 and change next setting parameter in proper order, the setting parameter function includes: setting a lower limit value (undervoltage value) of a preset voltage protection range, setting an undervoltage recovery value, setting an upper limit value of a preset current protection range, setting a lower limit value of a preset current protection range, setting an upper limit value (overvoltage value) of a preset voltage protection range, setting an overvoltage recovery value, and setting recovery time. Through a preset program in the MCU, setting that the user presses the second switch K2 once, adding one to the numerical value displayed by the digital tube U2, setting that the user presses the third switch K3 once, subtracting one from the numerical value displayed by the digital tube U2, setting that the user presses the fourth switch K4, and quitting the setting.
Illustratively, after the MCU is powered on, the default lower limit value of the voltage protection range of the MCU is 160 volts, the under-voltage recovery value is 185V, the default upper limit value of the current protection range is 16 amps, the default lower limit value of the current protection range is 15 amps, the default upper limit value of the voltage protection range is 260 volts, the over-voltage recovery value is 256 volts, and the recovery time is 3 seconds. That is to say, after the MCU is powered on, the user presses K1 for the first time to set the lower limit (undervoltage value) of the preset voltage protection range, the user presses K1 for the second time to set the undervoltage recovery value, the user presses K1 for the third time to set the upper limit of the preset current protection range, the user presses K1 for the fourth time to set the lower limit of the preset current protection range, the user presses K1 for the fifth time to set the upper limit (overvoltage value) of the preset voltage protection range, the user presses K1 for the sixth time to set the overvoltage recovery value, and the user presses K1 for the seventh time to set the recovery time. The user increases the value by pressing the second switch K2, and increases one at each pressing. The user presses the third switch K3 to reduce the required value by one for each press. The user exits the setting by pressing the fourth switch K4.
Illustratively, after the MCU is powered on, a user presses the first switch K1 twice to select setting of the under-voltage recovery value, at this time, the nixie tube U2 displays a default under-voltage recovery value of 185V, the user presses the second switch K2 twice, the nixie tube U2 displays 187V to set the under-voltage recovery value to 187V, and the user presses the fourth switch K4 once to quit the setting. And then the MCU sends a disconnection signal to the driving chip when confirming that the voltage value output by the power supply equipment is less than 160V, so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment to be disconnected with the load. And when the MCU determines that the voltage value output by the power supply equipment is greater than or equal to 187 volts, the MCU controls the power supply equipment to recover the connection with the load so as to enable the power supply equipment to recover power supply to the load.
The voltage acquisition circuit further includes: a first electrical connector J1, a diode D1 and a capacitor C1. Wherein the first electrical connector is an 8P pin interface. The capacitance C1 is 10 μ F (microfarads).
The first interface 1A of the first electrical connector J1 is connected to a power supply device, and a voltage output by the first interface 1A of the first electrical connector J1 is used as a second power supply, that is, the second power supply may be provided by the power supply device, and the voltage of the second power supply is 12V, or the second power supply may also be an external 12V power supply. The second power supply is connected with the input end of the diode D1, the output end of the diode D1 is connected with the input end of the capacitor C1, and the output end of the capacitor C1 is grounded; the second interface 1H of the first electrical connector J1 is connected to a fifth input pin P2.6 of the MCU, and the second interface 1H of the first electrical connector J1 is further connected to the power supply device, so that the MCU can obtain a voltage value of the power supply device. The second interface 1H of the first electrical connector J1 may be further connected to the power supply device, where an output end of the power supply device is connected to a voltage sensor, and the voltage sensor is connected to the second interface 1H of the first electrical connector J1.
The 1B and 1C interfaces of the first electrical connector J1 are grounded, and the 1D and 1G interfaces of the first electrical connector J1 are left empty.
A first input end A of the driving chip U3 is connected with a first output pin P5.0 of the MCU, and a second input end B of the driving chip U3 is connected with a second output pin P5.1 of the MCU;
the first output end OA of the driving chip U3 is connected with the third interface 1E of the first electric connector J1, the second output end OB of the driving chip U3 is connected with the fourth interface IF of the first electric connector J1, the third interface 1E of the first electric connector J1 is connected with the positive terminal of the relay, and the fourth interface IF of the first electric connector J1 is connected with the negative terminal of the relay, so that the relay is closed and opened under the control of the driving chip; the power supply end of the driving chip is connected with the input end of the capacitor, and the grounding end of the driving chip is grounded. Here, the driving chip is a magnetic latching relay driving chip, and the relay is a magnetic latching relay.
High level is output at MCU's first output pin P5.0, MCU's second output pin P5.1 outputs low level, drive chip U3's first input A inputs high level promptly, when drive chip U3's second input B inputs low level, drive chip U3's first output OA outputs high level, drive chip U3's second output OB outputs low level, the positive terminal access high level of relay this moment, the negative terminal access low level of relay, thereby the relay is closed, make power supply unit be connected with the load.
The low level is output at a first output pin P5.0 of the MCU, the high level is output at a second output pin P5.1 of the MCU, namely, the low level is input at a first input end A of the driving chip U3, when the high level is input at a second input end B of the driving chip U3, the low level is output at a first output end OA of the driving chip U3, the high level is output at a second output end OB of the driving chip U3, the low level is accessed at a positive terminal of the relay at the moment, the high level is accessed at a negative terminal of the relay, and therefore the relay is disconnected, and the power supply equipment and the load are disconnected.
The current acquisition circuit includes: a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a sliding resistor P1 and a second electrical connector J2. The second electrical connector is a 2P pin interface, the resistance values of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are 10 kilo-ohms, and the resistance value range of the sliding resistor P1 is 0-10 kilo-ohms.
The first power supply 5V is connected with the input end of the fifth resistor R5, the output end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the input end of the sixth resistor R6 and the first end of the sliding resistor P1, the first interface 2A of the second electric connector J2 is connected with the second end of the sliding resistor P1, the sixth input pin P2.7 of the MCU is connected with the third end of the sliding resistor P1, and the second interface 2B of the second electric connector J2 and the output end of the sixth resistor R6 are grounded. The first interface 2A of the second electrical connector J2 is connected to the output end of the power supply device, that is, the sixth input pin P2.7 of the MCU passes through the first interface 2A of the second electrical connector J2 to obtain the current value output by the power supply device. The first interface 2A of the second electrical connector J2 may be connected to the output end of the power supply device, the output end of the power supply device may be connected to a current sensor, and the current sensor may be connected to the first interface 2A of the second electrical connector J2.
The circuit further comprises: a first light emitting diode D2, a second light emitting diode D3, a seventh resistor R7, and an eighth resistor R8; the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 have a resistance of 1 kilo-ohm.
A third output pin P2.5 of the MCU is connected with an input end of a seventh resistor R7, an output end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with an input end of the first light-emitting diode D2, a fourth output pin P2.4 of the MCU is connected with an input end of an eighth resistor R8, an output end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with an input end of the second light-emitting diode D3, and output ends of the first light-emitting diode D2 and the second light-emitting diode D3 are grounded.
And the MCU is used for controlling the first light-emitting diode to be conducted if the voltage value does not belong to the preset voltage protection range and/or if the current value does not belong to the preset current protection range. That is, if the voltage value or the current value output by the power supply device is abnormal, the first light emitting diode emits light to prompt a user.
And the MCU is used for controlling the conduction of the second light-emitting diode if the voltage value belongs to the preset voltage protection range and the current value belongs to the preset current protection range. That is, if the voltage value and the current value output by the power supply equipment are normal, the second light emitting diode emits light to prompt a user.
The circuit further comprises: a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, and a sixteenth resistor R16. The resistance values of the ninth resistor R9, the tenth resistor R10, the eleventh resistor R11, the twelfth resistor R12, the thirteenth resistor R13, the fourteenth resistor R14, the fifteenth resistor R15 and the sixteenth resistor R16 are all 10 ohms.
A fifth output pin P0.7 of the MCU is connected with the input end of a ninth resistor R9, and the output end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with a first input pin DP of a nixie tube U2; a sixth output pin P0.6 of the MCU is connected with the input end of a tenth resistor R10, and the output end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected with a second input pin G of the nixie tube U2; a seventh output pin P0.5 of the MCU is connected with an input end of an eleventh resistor R11, and an output end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with a third input pin F of the nixie tube U2; an eighth output pin P0.4 of the MCU is connected with the input end of a twelfth resistor R12, and the output end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected with a fourth input pin E of the nixie tube U2; a ninth output pin P0.3 of the MCU is connected with the input end of a thirteenth resistor R13, and the output end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected with a fifth input pin D of the nixie tube U2; a tenth output pin P0.2 of the MCU is connected with an input end of a fourteenth resistor R14, and an output end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected with a sixth input pin C of the nixie tube U2; an eleventh output pin P0.1 of the MCU is connected with an input end of a fifteenth resistor R15, and an output end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected with a seventh input pin B of a nixie tube U2; a twelfth output pin P0.0 of the MCU is connected to an input terminal of a sixteenth resistor R16, and an output terminal of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to an eighth input pin a of the nixie tube U2.
A thirteenth output pin P2.0 of the MCU is connected with a D1 of a ninth input pin of the nixie tube U2; a fourteenth output pin P2.1 of the MCU is connected with a tenth input pin D2 of the nixie tube U2; a fifteenth output pin P2.2 of the MCU is connected with an eleventh input pin D3 of the nixie tube U2; and a sixteenth output pin P2.3 of the MCU is connected with a twelfth input pin D4 of the nixie tube U2.
Pins P1.0, P1.1, P1.2 and P1.3 of the MCU are empty.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: regulator U4, first polarity electric capacity C2, second polarity electric capacity C3.
The input end IN of the voltage stabilizer U4 is connected with the second power supply 12V and the anode of the first polar capacitor C2, the voltage output by the output end OUT of the voltage stabilizer U4 is used as the first power supply 5V, the output end OUT of the voltage stabilizer U4 is connected with the anode of the second polar capacitor C3, and the grounding ends GND of the first polar capacitor C2, the second polar capacitor C3 and the voltage stabilizer U4 are grounded. The first polarity capacitor C2 and the second polarity capacitor C3 are both 100 μ F (microfarad).
The embodiment of the application also provides a vehicle which comprises the circuit. That is, the power supply apparatus may be an on-vehicle inverter, and the load is a vehicle load.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the product of the application is usually placed in when used, and are used only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should also be noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The above embodiments are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A protection circuit, wherein the protection circuit is configured to protect a load, and prevent a voltage value output by a power supply device supplying power to the load from falling outside a preset voltage protection range corresponding to the load, and/or prevent a current value output by the power supply device from falling outside a preset current protection range corresponding to the load, and the protection circuit comprises: the device comprises a switch group, a Micro Control Unit (MCU) and a nixie tube, wherein the switch group comprises a plurality of switches;
each switch of the switch group is respectively connected with a first input end of the MCU, and the nixie tube is connected with a first output end of the MCU;
the MCU is used for responding to the instantaneous closing operation executed by a user on any switch in the switch group and the times corresponding to the instantaneous closing operation, and controlling the nixie tube to display the value corresponding to the switch and the times so as to modify the preset voltage protection range and/or the preset current protection range.
2. The circuit of claim 1, further comprising: the device comprises a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit and a driving chip;
the input end of the voltage acquisition circuit is connected with power supply equipment, and the output end of the voltage acquisition circuit is connected with the second input end of the MCU; the input end of the current acquisition circuit is connected with power supply equipment, and the output end of the current acquisition circuit is connected with the third input end of the MCU; the input end of the driving chip is connected with the second output end of the MCU;
the voltage acquisition circuit is used for acquiring a voltage value output by the power supply equipment and sending the voltage value to the MCU;
the current acquisition circuit is used for acquiring a current value output by the power supply equipment and transmitting the current value to the MCU;
the driving chip is used for controlling a switch between the power supply equipment and a load;
the MCU is used for determining whether the voltage value belongs to a preset voltage protection range or not, and if the voltage value does not belong to the preset voltage protection range, sending a disconnection signal to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be disconnected;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and the MCU is used for determining whether the current value belongs to a preset current protection range or not, and if the current value does not belong to the preset current protection range, sending a disconnection signal to the driving chip so that the driving chip controls the power supply equipment and the load to be disconnected.
3. The circuit of claim 2, wherein the switch bank comprises: a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch; the circuit further comprises: the circuit comprises a first power supply, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a fourth resistor;
the input ends of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are connected with a first power supply, the output end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the first switch and a first input pin of the MCU, the output end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the second switch and a second input pin of the MCU, the output end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the third switch and a third input pin of the MCU, the output end of the fourth resistor is connected with one end of the fourth switch and a fourth input pin of the MCU,
the output ends of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are grounded.
4. The circuit of claim 2, wherein the voltage acquisition circuit comprises: a first electrical connector, a diode and a capacitor;
the first interface of the first electric connector is connected with the power supply equipment, the voltage output by the first interface of the first electric connector is used as a second power supply, the second power supply is connected with the input end of the diode, the output end of the diode is connected with the input end of the capacitor, and the output end of the capacitor is grounded; and a second interface of the first electric connector is connected with a fifth input pin of the MCU.
5. The circuit according to claim 4, wherein a first input terminal of the driver chip is connected to a first output pin of the MCU, and a second input terminal of the driver chip is connected to a second output pin of the MCU;
the first output end of the driving chip is connected with the third interface of the first electric connector, the second output end of the driving chip is connected with the fourth interface of the first electric connector, the third interface of the first electric connector is connected with the positive terminal of the relay, and the fourth interface of the first electric connector is connected with the negative terminal of the relay, so that the relay is controlled by the driving chip to be switched on and off;
the power end of the driving chip is connected with the input end of the capacitor, and the grounding end of the driving chip is grounded.
6. The circuit of claim 3, wherein the current acquisition circuit comprises: the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the sliding resistor and the second electric connector;
the first power supply is connected with the input end of the fifth resistor, the output end of the fifth resistor is connected with the input end of the sixth resistor and the first end of the sliding resistor, the first interface of the second electric connector is connected with the second end of the sliding resistor, the first interface of the second electric connector is further connected with the output end of the power supply device, the sixth input pin of the MCU is connected with the third end of the sliding resistor, and the second interface of the second electric connector is grounded with the output end of the sixth resistor.
7. The circuit of claim 2, further comprising: the first light-emitting diode, the second light-emitting diode, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor;
a third output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of the seventh resistor, an output end of the seventh resistor is connected with an input end of the first light-emitting diode, a fourth output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of the eighth resistor, an output end of the eighth resistor is connected with an input end of the second light-emitting diode, and output ends of the first light-emitting diode and the second light-emitting diode are grounded;
the MCU is used for controlling the first light-emitting diode to be conducted if the voltage value does not belong to a preset voltage protection range and/or if the current value does not belong to a preset current protection range;
and the MCU is used for controlling the second light-emitting diode to be conducted if the voltage value belongs to a preset voltage protection range and the current value belongs to a preset current protection range.
8. The circuit of claim 1, further comprising: a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, and a sixteenth resistor;
a fifth output pin of the MCU is connected with the input end of the ninth resistor, and the output end of the ninth resistor is connected with a first input pin of the nixie tube; a sixth output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of the tenth resistor, and an output end of the tenth resistor is connected with a second input pin of the nixie tube; a seventh output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of the eleventh resistor, and an output end of the eleventh resistor is connected with a third input pin of the nixie tube; an eighth output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of the twelfth resistor, and an output end of the twelfth resistor is connected with a fourth input pin of the nixie tube; a ninth output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of the thirteenth resistor, and an output end of the thirteenth resistor is connected with a fifth input pin of the nixie tube; a tenth output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of the fourteenth resistor, and an output end of the fourteenth resistor is connected with a sixth input pin of the nixie tube; an eleventh output pin of the MCU is connected with an input end of the fifteenth resistor, and an output end of the fifteenth resistor is connected with a seventh input pin of the nixie tube; and a twelfth output pin of the MCU is connected with the input end of the sixteenth resistor, and the output end of the sixteenth resistor is connected with an eighth input pin of the nixie tube.
9. The circuit according to claim 8, wherein the thirteenth output pin of the MCU is connected to the ninth input pin of the nixie tube; a fourteenth output pin of the MCU is connected with a tenth input pin of the nixie tube; a fifteenth output pin of the MCU is connected with an eleventh input pin of the nixie tube; and a sixteenth output pin of the MCU is connected with a twelfth input pin of the nixie tube.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223265243.7U CN218678417U (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | Protection circuit and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223265243.7U CN218678417U (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | Protection circuit and vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218678417U true CN218678417U (en) | 2023-03-21 |
Family
ID=85547647
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223265243.7U Active CN218678417U (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | Protection circuit and vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218678417U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-12-06 CN CN202223265243.7U patent/CN218678417U/en active Active
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