CN218647094U - Broadband discharge sensor and multi-source partial discharge detection device - Google Patents
Broadband discharge sensor and multi-source partial discharge detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN218647094U CN218647094U CN202222769809.3U CN202222769809U CN218647094U CN 218647094 U CN218647094 U CN 218647094U CN 202222769809 U CN202222769809 U CN 202222769809U CN 218647094 U CN218647094 U CN 218647094U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a wide band discharge sensor and multisource partial discharge detection device belongs to the electric power detection technology field. The method comprises the following steps: the needle electrode, insulating plywood, circular shape board electrode and the circuit board that set gradually from the top down: a through hole is formed in the center of the insulating layer plate, and annular bulges are arranged on the lower surface and the edge of the through hole; the needle electrode penetrates through the through hole and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the through hole, the head of the needle electrode induces an electric field signal, and the tail end of the needle electrode is connected with the positive input end of the circuit board; a through hole is formed in the center of the plate electrode, and the plate electrode is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the insulating layer plate; the plate electrode induces an electric field signal, the plate electrode is fixedly connected with the circuit board through a plate electrode connecting piece, and the plate electrode connecting piece is electrically connected with the negative input end and the grounding end of the circuit board; the needle electrode is coaxially arranged with the plate electrode connecting piece, and the distance between the needle electrode and the inner wall of the plate electrode connecting piece is d; the circuit board is powered by a battery, and the output end of the circuit board is connected to the host through a coaxial transmission line.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electric power detects technical field, especially relates to a wide band discharge sensor and multisource partial discharge detection device.
Background
The high-voltage switch cabinet is complex in internal structure, and partial discharge phenomenon may be caused due to reasons such as insulation aging in the using process, and a partial discharge source needs to be positioned so as to analyze and judge the severity of internal faults. The prior art provides methods for sensors to collect electromagnetic waves for positioning,
the method is a new method for applying an array sensor and an array signal processing technology to partial discharge ultrasonic detection, and the basic principle is to detect partial discharge ultrasonic signals in electrical equipment by using the array sensor and realize direction of arrival estimation and space positioning by using the array signal processing technology. However, the existing ultrasonic array sensors are all planar array sensors, and are only suitable for electrical equipment with a planar surface, and when the surface of the electrical equipment is not a planar surface, part of array elements of the array sensors cannot be well attached to the surface of the electrical equipment, so that the array sensors are limited by the flatness of the housing of the machine body.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a wide band discharge sensor and multisource partial discharge detection device does not receive the restriction of engine body shell roughness, and signal acquisition can be put in the office to direct being close to cubical switchboard engine body shell or fixing on the shell surface.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a solve the technical scheme that its technical problem adopted and be:
the utility model provides a wide band discharge sensor which characterized in that, includes pin electrode, insulating plywood, circular shape board electrode and the circuit board that sets gradually from top to bottom:
a through hole matched with the needle electrode in size is formed in the center of the insulating layer plate, and annular bulges are formed on the lower surface of the insulating layer plate and the edge of the through hole; the pin electrode is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating manner and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the through hole, the head of the pin electrode is used for inducing electric field signals, and the tail end of the pin electrode is connected with the positive input end of the circuit board; a through hole is formed in the center of the plate electrode, the upper surface of the plate electrode is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the insulating layer plate, and the annular bulge of the insulating layer plate penetrates out of the through hole; the plate electrode is used for inducing an electric field signal, the plate electrode is fixedly connected with the circuit board through a hollow plate electrode connecting piece, and the plate electrode connecting piece is electrically connected with the negative input end and the grounding end of the circuit board; the pin electrode and the plate electrode connecting piece are coaxially arranged, the distance between the pin electrode and the inner wall of the plate electrode connecting piece is d, the pin electrode is used as an inner conductor, the plate electrode and the plate electrode connecting piece are jointly used as an outer conductor, the insulating laminated plate is used as an insulating medium, and the pin electrode, the plate electrode and the plate electrode connecting piece are combined to form a coaxial feed form; the circuit board is powered by a battery, the circuit board is provided with the positive input end, the negative input end, the grounding end and an output end, the output end of the circuit board is connected to a host through a coaxial transmission line, and an output signal U of the circuit board out For the needle electrode induction signal U after conditioning and amplification N Sensing signal U with plate electrode P The signal difference between the two results.
Preferably, the broadband amplifierThe frequency band range of the local discharge signal acquisition of the electric sensor is 1-200MHz, and the output signal U of the broadband discharge sensor out And a local discharge signal U in the switch cabinet sig The corresponding relation is as follows:
the above formula is obtained based on the equivalent circuit of the multi-source partial discharge detection device, C 1 Is the equivalent capacitance, C, between the partial discharge source and the needle electrode in the equivalent circuit 2 Is the equivalent capacitance between the needle electrode and the plate electrode, R is the equivalent resistance of the multi-source partial discharge detection device, s is a parameter introduced in the laplace variation, where s = j ω.
Preferably, the height of the annular projection on the insulating laminate is not less than the thickness of the plate electrode.
Preferably, the position relationship between the needle electrode and the insulating layer plate is vertical to each other.
Preferably, the side edge of the circuit board is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the board electrode, the pin electrode is connected with the circuit board through a solid pin electrode connecting piece with a corner, the board electrode connecting piece is coaxially arranged with the pin electrode connecting piece, and the distance between the inner wall of the board electrode connecting piece and the pin electrode connecting piece is d.
Preferably, the needle electrode is made of copper, and the plate electrode is made of copper with a lower surface attached.
The utility model also provides a multisource partial discharge detection device, include: the system comprises two broadband discharge sensors and a host, wherein the two broadband discharge sensors are respectively used as a main end sensor 1 and a slave end sensor 2, and the host consists of a microprocessor 3, a high-frequency data acquisition unit 4, a filtering amplification unit 5 and a power supply unit 6;
the high-frequency data acquisition unit 4 is used for acquiring output signals of the two broadband discharge sensors through the acquisition card;
the filtering amplification unit 5 is used for filtering and denoising output signals of the two broadband discharge sensors;
the microprocessor 3 is connected with the high-frequency data acquisition unit 4 and the filtering amplification unit 5 and is used for triggering the high-frequency data acquisition unit 4 to acquire signals; receiving the signal processed by the filtering amplification unit 5 and sending the signal to a computer terminal;
and the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the microprocessor 3, the high-frequency data acquisition unit 4 and the filtering amplification unit 5.
Preferably, the acquisition card is a four-channel data acquisition card with a sampling rate of 1.25GS/s and 8 sampling bits.
According to the above technical scheme, the embodiment of the utility model provides a wide band discharge sensor and multisource partial discharge detection device, wide band discharge sensor comprises from the top needle electrode, insulating plywood, circular shape board electrode and the circuit board that sets gradually: a through hole matched with the pin electrode in size is formed in the center of the insulating layer plate, and annular bulges are arranged on the lower surface of the insulating layer plate and the edge of the through hole; the pin electrode is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating way and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the through hole, the head part of the pin electrode is used for inducing electric field signals, and the tail end of the pin electrode is connected with the positive input end of the circuit board; a through hole is formed in the center of the plate electrode, the upper surface of the plate electrode is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the insulating layer plate, and the annular bulge of the insulating layer plate penetrates out of the through hole; the plate electrode is used for inducing an electric field signal, the plate electrode is fixedly connected with the circuit board through a hollow plate electrode connecting piece, and the plate electrode connecting piece is electrically connected with the negative input end and the grounding end of the circuit board; the pin electrode and the plate electrode connecting piece are coaxially arranged, the distance between the pin electrode and the inner wall of the plate electrode connecting piece is d, the pin electrode is used as an inner conductor, the plate electrode and the plate electrode connecting piece are jointly used as an outer conductor, and an insulating laminated plate is used as an insulating medium, and the pin electrode, the plate electrode and the plate electrode connecting piece are combined to form a coaxial feed form; the circuit board is powered by battery, the output end of the circuit board is connected to the host machine through a coaxial transmission line, and the output signal U of the circuit board out For the modulated and amplified needle electrode induction signal U N Sensing signal U with plate electrode P Signal difference between them to obtain the result. The utility model discloses can not receive the restriction of engine body shell roughness, directly be close to cubical switchboard engine body shell or fix and can carry out the partial discharge signal acquisition on the shell surface, have the frequency band wide, characteristics that the precision is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the broadband discharge sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the wiring of the circuit board in the broadband discharge sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the multi-source partial discharge detector of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an equivalent schematic diagram of a multi-source partial discharge detection device in a high-voltage switch cabinet;
fig. 5 is the utility model discloses a multisource partial discharge detection device's work scene graph.
Fig. 6 is a bandwidth comparison diagram of the broadband discharge sensor of the present invention with TEV and HFCT.
In the figure: the device comprises a main end sensor 1, a slave end sensor 2, a microprocessor 3, a high-frequency data acquisition unit 4, a filtering amplification unit 5, a power supply unit 6, a pin electrode 11, an insulating layer plate 12, a plate electrode 13, a circuit board 14 and a plate electrode connecting piece 15.
Detailed Description
The following combines the drawings of the utility model to further elaborate the technical scheme and technical effect of the utility model.
The utility model provides a wide band discharge sensor is high accuracy, the wide band width office that comprises needle electrode and metal sheet electrode and puts sensor module, and every sensor is based on the electrically small antenna principle, through gathering the electric potential difference in the controlling part electric field, accomplishes the collection function that the signal was put in the office. As shown in fig. 1-2, the broadband discharge sensor includes a pin electrode 41, an insulating layer 42, a circular plate electrode 43, and a circuit board 44 arranged in sequence from top to bottom:
a through hole matched with the needle electrode 41 in size is formed in the center of the insulating layer plate, and an annular bulge is formed on the lower surface of the insulating layer plate 42 and the edge of the through hole; the needle electrode 41 is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating way and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the through hole, and the position between the needle electrode and the insulating layer plateThe positions are vertical to each other, the head of the pin electrode 41 is used for inducing electric field signals, and the tail end of the pin electrode 41 is connected with the positive input end in + of the circuit board 44; a through hole is formed in the center of the plate electrode 43, the upper surface of the plate electrode 43 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the insulating layer plate 42, an annular bulge of the insulating layer plate 42 penetrates out of the through hole, and the height of the annular bulge on the insulating layer plate is not less than the thickness of the plate electrode; the plate electrode 43 is used for inducing an electric field signal, the plate electrode 43 is fixedly connected with the circuit board 44 through a hollow plate electrode connector 454, and the plate electrode connector 45 is electrically connected with the negative input end in-of the circuit board 44 and a ground end GND; the pin electrode 41 and the plate electrode connecting piece 43 are coaxially arranged, the distance between the pin electrode 41 and the inner wall of the plate electrode connecting piece is d, the pin electrode 41 serves as an inner conductor, the plate electrode 43 and the plate electrode connecting piece 45 jointly serve as an outer conductor, the insulating laminated plate 42 serves as an insulating medium, the pin electrode and the plate electrode jointly form two poles of an antenna, the two poles are isolated through the insulating laminated plate 42, the pin electrode is connected with a coaxial inner core and connected to the positive input end of the conditioning circuit, the plate electrode is connected with the negative input end of the conditioning circuit through a coaxial outer shielding layer, and the pin electrode, the plate electrode and the negative input end form a coaxial feeding form through combination of the pin electrode, the plate electrode and the plate electrode connecting piece; the circuit board 44 is powered by a lithium battery, the circuit board 44 has a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, a ground terminal and an output terminal out, the output terminal of the circuit board 44 is connected to a host through a coaxial transmission line, and an output signal U of the circuit board 44 out For the modulated and amplified needle electrode induction signal U N Sensing signal U with plate electrode P The signal difference between the two results.
The pin electrode 41 may be directly connected to the circuit board 44 with the circuit board 44 and the board electrode 43 being disposed in parallel, and the board electrode connector 45 may be a cylindrical structure with the pin electrode 41 located at the center of the cylindrical structure and at a distance d from the inner wall of the cylindrical structure;
in another form, as shown in fig. 2, the side of the circuit board 44 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the board electrode 43, the pin electrode 41 is connected to the circuit board 44 by a solid pin electrode connector 46 having a corner, and accordingly, the board electrode connector 45 has a corner structure and is arranged coaxially with the pin electrode connector 46, and the inner wall thereof is spaced from the pin electrode connector 46 by a distance d. The circuit board 44 and the lower surface of the board electrode 43 are tightly connected, so that the refraction and reflection of signals in the coaxial transmission and transmission process can be avoided, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the sensor is effectively improved.
The circuit board part of the broadband discharge sensor can be covered by an insulating shell, the circuit board is arranged in the insulating shell and fixed with the insulating shell, the pin electrode, the plate electrode and the insulating laminated plate are arranged outside the insulating shell, the insulating shell can be held by hands, and the insulating shell can be provided with structures such as a clamping groove, a fixed hanging ring and the like and used for supporting the functions of hanging or fixing the broadband discharge sensor.
Therefore, the broadband discharge sensor is a broadband wireless needle plate sensor based on the electrically small antenna principle, and a conditioning amplification filter circuit is arranged in the broadband discharge sensor to realize measurement of a local discharge signal. Because the size of the needle plate sensor is far smaller than the wavelength of the partial discharge pulse, the working principle of the needle plate sensor is equivalent to a capacitor in an electrostatic field, and capacitance values also exist between a needle electrode and a partial discharge source and between a plate electrode and the ground, the broadband discharge sensor senses voltage jump caused when partial discharge occurs in the switch cabinet through the capacitive voltage divider principle, and then the signals are sensed.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the utility model discloses a multisource partial discharge detection device comprises wide band discharge sensor and host computer, wherein, in wide band discharge sensor fig. 1, two wide band discharge sensor are regarded as main end sensor 1 and slave end sensor 2 respectively, and the host computer comprises microprocessor 3, high frequency data acquisition unit 4, filtering amplification unit 5 and power supply unit 6, wherein:
the high-frequency data acquisition unit 4 is a four-channel data acquisition card with a sampling rate as high as 1.25GS/s and 8 sampling bits, and can be simultaneously connected with a plurality of sensors for synchronous triggering and data acquisition;
the filter amplifying unit 5 is a single filter amplifying circuit, which receives the signal of the broadband discharge sensor and performs filtering and noise reduction on the signal, as shown in fig. 4, the single filter amplifying circuit is composed of an ADA4817 chip and a bridge filter circuit, a high pass filter composed of resistor and capacitor can adjust the bandwidth of the sensor, so that the fluctuation between 1-200MHz is not more than 6dB, the amplifying circuit is an in-phase proportional amplifying circuit composed of ADA4817-1, the signal gain is G =10, the working principle of the broadband discharge sensor in the electrostatic field in the present invention is equivalent to a capacitor, the capacitance of the sensor is usually very small for the capacitive sensor, and in the actual use, the influence of stray capacitance exists. This causes changes in the ambient environment to cause changes in the stray capacitance, which affects the sensitivity of the sensor and interferes with its bandwidth. For capacitive sensors, therefore, a bridge method is generally used as a conditioning filter circuit. Fig. 4 shows that the feed output of the broadband discharge sensor is connected with a resistance-capacitance bridge and isolated by an operational amplifier. In this case, the sensor can operate in an equilibrium state, remain stable in the frequency band of 1-200MHz, and realize a gain of 10 times.
The microprocessor 3 is connected with the high-frequency data acquisition unit 4 and the filtering amplification unit 5 and is used for triggering the high-frequency data acquisition unit 4 to acquire signals; and receiving the signals processed by the filtering and amplifying unit 5, sending the signals to a computer terminal, and carrying out further signal analysis by the computer terminal. The microprocessor 3 is a central control processor with an FPGA as a core and is responsible for controlling the functions of triggering, collecting, communicating and the like of the whole system. After a user sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the computer, the processor triggers each channel of the acquisition card within a short time to realize synchronous acquisition of signals, and the acquired signals are filtered and amplified through the conditioning circuit. And then extracting pulse signals in the data, and recording the arrival time of each pulse signal acquired by each channel one by taking a trigger event of the acquisition card as a time zero point. The microprocessor 3 can be used for controlling the output of the power supply unit 6, ensuring that the output current is sufficient and reducing voltage ripples; a USB Hub interface is provided, so that the communication between a computer and a control unit can be realized, and the data transmission with a collection card can be completed; and providing a trigger signal, and sending the signal to the data acquisition card through the coaxial transmission line to realize the triggering of the acquisition card.
The power supply unit 6 is composed of a lithium battery and a voltage stabilizing circuit and is used for supplying power to the whole instrument. The voltage stabilizing circuit firstly performs voltage reduction through the LTM8045, and realizes voltage stabilizing output through the LDO. The ripple level of the output voltage of the power supply is greatly reduced while the output power is ensured, so that the system noise is reduced, and the detection sensitivity is improved. Specifically, the lithium ion battery pack may be a 21V lithium ion battery pack.
As shown in fig. 4, which is an equivalent circuit diagram of the multi-source partial discharge detector during operation, the size of the broadband discharge sensor is much smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the partial discharge signal, so that the surrounding environment can be regarded as an electrostatic field. Wherein C1 is the equivalent capacitance between the partial discharge source and the pin electrode, C2 is the equivalent capacitance between the sensor pin plate electrodes, R is the equivalent resistance of the multi-source partial discharge detection device in the high-voltage switch cabinet, s is a parameter introduced in the laplace change, where s = j ω. Output signal U of broadband discharge sensor out The transfer function of the partial discharge signal U in the switch cabinet is shown as formula 1:
fig. 5 is a diagram of the working state of the multi-source partial discharge detection device, in which the measuring point of the master sensor is placed at the head end or the tail end of the switch cabinet group, the measuring point of the slave sensor can be placed at the other end or the middle position, the middle position can obtain a stronger partial discharge signal, and the attenuation degree is low.
As shown in FIG. 6, the amplitude/frequency/phase/frequency characteristic curve of the multi-source partial discharge detector and the conventional HFCT and TEV sensors in the high voltage switch cabinet is shown. It can be seen in the figure that adopt the utility model discloses a wide band discharge sensor can obviously increase the detection bandwidth with HFCT compares to non-contact's sensing mode is also comparatively convenient in the in-service use. The broadband discharge sensor and the TEV sensor belong to capacitive sensors, the working principle is approximately equivalent, but the sensitivity is greatly improved.
The utility model discloses in, high frequency data acquisition unit 4 can connect a plurality of sensors simultaneously and carry out the triggering and the data acquisition of synchronization, connects a plurality of slave sensors simultaneously and carries out signal acquisition, is favorable to improving partial discharge's positioning accuracy.
The utility model provides a multisource partial discharge detection device has realized that the cubical switchboard detects and tentatively fixes a position its inside partial discharge that takes place under the normal operating condition, and the wide band discharge sensor who adopts wherein has the broadband, high sensitivity's characteristics, can carry out the synchronization collection to the partial discharge signal in 1-200 HMz's within range, compares with traditional UHF or TEV, and this sensor can realize partial discharge's high accuracy, big bandwidth detection under the non-contact condition. The utility model provides a multisource partial discharge detection device easy operation, convenient to use among the high tension switchgear, the reliability is high, easily carries, and daily patrolling and examining to the inside office of cubical switchboard is put provides facility.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a wide band discharge sensor which characterized in that includes needle electrode, insulating plywood, circular shape board electrode and the circuit board that from the top set gradually:
a through hole matched with the needle electrode in size is formed in the center of the insulating layer plate, and annular bulges are formed on the lower surface of the insulating layer plate and the edge of the through hole; the pin electrode is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating manner and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the through hole, the head of the pin electrode is used for inducing electric field signals, and the tail end of the pin electrode is connected with the positive input end of the circuit board; a through hole is formed in the center of the plate electrode, the upper surface of the plate electrode is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the insulating layer plate, and the annular bulge of the insulating layer plate penetrates out of the through hole; the plate electrode is used for inducing electric field signals, the plate electrode is fixedly connected with the circuit board through a hollow plate electrode connecting piece, and the plate electrode connecting piece is electrically connected with the negative input end and the grounding end of the circuit boardConnecting; the pin electrode and the plate electrode connecting piece are coaxially arranged, the distance between the pin electrode and the inner wall of the plate electrode connecting piece is d, the pin electrode is used as an inner conductor, the plate electrode and the plate electrode connecting piece are jointly used as an outer conductor, the insulating laminated plate is used as an insulating medium, and the pin electrode, the plate electrode and the insulating laminated plate are combined to form a coaxial feed form; the circuit board is powered by a battery, the circuit board is provided with the positive input end, the negative input end, the grounding end and an output end, the output end of the circuit board is connected to a host through a coaxial transmission line, and an output signal U of the circuit board out For the needle electrode induction signal U after conditioning and amplification N Sensing signal U with plate electrode P The signal difference between the two results.
2. The broadband discharge sensor of claim 1 wherein the collection frequency band of the broadband discharge sensor for the partial discharge signal is in the range of 1-200MHz, and the output signal U of the broadband discharge sensor is out And a local discharge signal U in the switch cabinet sig The corresponding relation is as follows:
the above formula is obtained based on equivalent circuit of multi-source partial discharge detection device, C 1 Is the equivalent capacitance, C, between the partial discharge source and the needle electrode in the equivalent circuit 2 Is the equivalent capacitance between the needle electrode and the plate electrode, R is the equivalent resistance of the multi-source partial discharge detection apparatus, s is a parameter introduced in the laplace variation, where s = j ω.
3. The broadband discharge sensor of claim 2 wherein the height of the annular protrusions on the insulating laminate is no less than the thickness of the plate electrode.
4. The broadband discharge sensor of claim 3 wherein the pin electrodes are perpendicular to the insulating layer plates.
5. The broadband discharge sensor of claim 4 wherein said circuit board is fixedly attached at its sides to a lower surface of said board electrode, said pin electrode is attached to said circuit board by a solid pin electrode connector having a corner, said board electrode connector being maintained coaxially with said pin electrode connector and having an inner wall spaced from said pin electrode connector by a distance d.
6. The broadband discharge sensor of claim 5 wherein the pin electrode is copper and the plate electrode is copper with a lower surface attached.
7. The broadband discharge sensor according to claim 6 further comprising an insulating housing, wherein the circuit board is disposed in the insulating housing and fixed to the insulating housing, and the pin electrode, the board electrode, and the insulating layer board are disposed outside the insulating housing; the insulating shell is provided with a clamping groove and a fixed hanging ring.
8. A multi-source partial discharge detection apparatus, comprising: the system comprises two broadband discharge sensors and a host, wherein the two broadband discharge sensors are respectively used as a main end sensor and a slave end sensor, and the host consists of a microprocessor, a high-frequency data acquisition unit, a filtering amplification unit and a power supply unit;
the high-frequency data acquisition unit is used for acquiring output signals of the two broadband discharge sensors through the acquisition card;
the filtering amplification unit is used for filtering and denoising output signals of the two broadband discharge sensors;
the microprocessor is connected with the high-frequency data acquisition unit and the filtering amplification unit and is used for triggering the high-frequency data acquisition unit to acquire signals; receiving the signal processed by the filtering amplification unit and sending the signal to a computer terminal;
and the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the microprocessor, the high-frequency data acquisition unit and the filtering amplification unit.
9. The multi-source partial discharge detection device according to claim 8, wherein the acquisition card is a four-channel data acquisition card with a sampling rate of 1.25GS/s and a sampling bit number of 8 bits.
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| CN202222769809.3U CN218647094U (en) | 2022-10-20 | 2022-10-20 | Broadband discharge sensor and multi-source partial discharge detection device |
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| CN202222769809.3U CN218647094U (en) | 2022-10-20 | 2022-10-20 | Broadband discharge sensor and multi-source partial discharge detection device |
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