CN218644246U - Directional well rock debris migration simulation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses directional well rock debris migration simulation device. In the technical scheme, the directional well rock debris migration simulation device and the experimental method can be used for simulating the rock debris migration rule of the horizontal well section and the inclined well section of the directional well. The experimental device comprises a drilling fluid system, a simulated shaft system, a power rotation system, a rock debris injection and collection system, a well inclination angle control system and a data monitoring system. The device has simple structure and simple and convenient operation, can be used for visually observing the rock debris migration conditions of the horizontal well section and the inclined well section, simulates the influence rule of parameters such as viscosity, shearing force, discharge capacity, rock debris particle size and addition, drill column rotation speed, eccentricity, well inclination angle and the like of drilling fluid on the rock debris migration of the directional well, and can provide beneficial reference for optimization of drilling process parameters of the directional well.

Description

Directional well cuttings migration simulation device

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of directional drilling, in particular to a directional drilling cuttings migration simulation device.

Background technique

With the increasingly harsh conditions of fossil energy drilling and production and the continuous development of drilling and production technology, in order to realize the efficient exploitation of resources and improve the recovery rate, the drilling technology of multi-branch horizontal wells, long-reach and large wells and deviated wells has become an , Coal seam floor water disaster control and other important technical means. Compared with conventional vertical wells, it has the advantages of high single well production, high recovery degree and high economic benefits when developing low-permeability soft formations. In this type of well, due to the influence of gravity, the drill string sinks in the wellbore of the horizontal well section and the inclined well section to form an eccentric annular space, resulting in the accumulation of a large amount of cuttings to form a cuttings bed, increasing high torque and high resistance, buried drill sticking, etc. The occurrence of downhole complex situations seriously affects the normal operation of drilling operations.

Chinese invention patent "a horizontal well cuttings migration simulation experimental device and experimental method" (application number: CN103485738A) discloses a horizontal well cuttings migration simulation experimental device and experimental method capable of visual observation, including Drilling fluid system, cuttings transport system, cuttings supply system, power system, data processing system and cuttings recovery system. By changing displacement, drill string speed, eccentricity between drill string and wellbore, cuttings volume and cuttings particle size, cuttings migration in horizontal wells can be observed under various working conditions. This invention only involves the law of cuttings migration in the horizontal well section, and fails to study the law of cuttings migration under different well inclination angles.

Chinese invention patent "A Visual Horizontal Annulus Cuttings Migration Simulation Equipment" (Application No.: CN112227988A) discloses a visualized annular cuttings migration simulation equipment, including drilling fluid device, cuttings feeding device, simulated wellbore device, drill pipe rotation eccentric device, cuttings separator and computer, etc. Simulate the influence of drilling fluid return velocity, cuttings and cuttings volume with different physical properties, drilling tool speed and drilling tool eccentricity on cuttings migration in horizontal wells. shift rule.

Chinese utility model CN203603806U discloses a cuttings migration simulation device, including a simulated wellbore, a simulated drill string and a simulated drill bit, and an accommodating space for cuttings is provided at the end of the drill bit. This structure accelerates the flow velocity of the mixture of cuttings and drilling fluid in the simulated drill string, and greatly improves the migration capacity of cuttings. The invention only relates to the movement law of cuttings when the positive circulation mode is adopted in the cuttings wellbore, and fails to consider the influence of the drill string rotation speed on the movement of cuttings.

The methods disclosed in the above-mentioned related technologies are mainly to establish a cuttings migration simulation device on the horizontal well section, which mainly has the following deficiencies: (1) the influence of the well inclination angle on the cuttings migration cannot be considered; (2) the cuttings migration cannot be realized Influence law of comprehensive variables on cuttings migration in all aspects.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present application provides a directional well cuttings migration simulation device, which can realize simulation experiments of cuttings migration under various working conditions.

This application provides a directional well cuttings migration simulation device, including:

A simulated wellbore mechanism, including a simulated well wall and a simulated drill pipe located in the simulated well wall;

A drilling fluid mechanism, used to provide drilling fluid to the simulated wellbore mechanism;

a cuttings injection and collection mechanism for supplying cuttings to said simulated wellbore mechanism and collecting cuttings removed by the simulated wellbore mechanism;

A power slewing mechanism, used to provide the power required for drilling for the simulated wellbore mechanism;

A well inclination control mechanism, used to at least support the simulated wellbore mechanism to adjust the inclination attitude of the simulated wellbore mechanism;

A data monitoring mechanism is used to photograph and record the cuttings migration status of the simulated wellbore mechanism.

Optionally, the well inclination control mechanism includes a fixed pulley, a support frame for at least supporting the simulated wellbore mechanism to adjust the posture of the simulated wellbore mechanism, and a wire rope wound on the fixed pulley, one end of the wire rope is fixed Connect the support frame.

Optionally, the drilling fluid mechanism includes a steel wire hose, a mud pump, a mud tank, and a sedimentation tank that are connected in sequence, and the steel wire hose is connected to the liquid inlet end of the simulated wellbore mechanism.

Optionally, the drilling fluid mechanism further includes a pressure gauge and a liquid flow meter installed on the steel wire hose.

Optionally, it also includes an eccentric mechanism for transmission connection with the power turning mechanism. The eccentric mechanism includes an eccentric bushing and a rolling bearing. The power output rod of the slewing mechanism is connected, the outer ring of the rolling bearing is fixedly connected to the eccentric bushing, and the eccentric bushing is installed on the simulated well wall of the simulated wellbore mechanism.

Optionally, the simulated wellbore is connected to the eccentric mechanism through bolts and sealed with a sealing gasket, and the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the simulated wellbore are connected to the steel wire hose by clamps.

Optionally, the simulated well wall and simulated drill pipe are made of acrylic.

Optionally, one end of the simulated drill rod is slotted and assembled with a coupling through a pin.

Optionally, the cuttings injection and collection mechanism includes a cuttings supply assembly and a cuttings collection assembly, the cuttings supply assembly is a cuttings bucket and a control valve; Hoops connect the screen to the wire hose.

The beneficial effects of this application are mainly manifested in: (1) the migration of cuttings can be observed under visualization; (2) the viscosity and shear force of drilling fluid, cuttings addition and particle size, displacement, and drill string can be simulated. The law of influence of slewing speed, eccentricity, and inclination angle on cuttings migration; (3) A high-speed camera is used to record the cuttings migration trajectory and the formation and movement of cuttings beds, and image processing is performed by computer software such as Image J, The principle is reliable, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

Description of drawings

The technical solutions and other beneficial effects of the present application will be apparent through the detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a directional well cuttings migration simulation device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the well inclination angle control mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for description purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of said features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected, or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction of two components relation. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.

The following disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. To simplify the disclosure of the present application, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are examples only and are not intended to limit the application. Furthermore, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or reference letters in various instances, such repetition is for simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific process and material examples are provided herein, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize the use of other processes and/or the use of other materials.

<Example 1>

Referring to Fig. 1, the directional well cuttings migration simulation device of the embodiment of the present application includes a drilling fluid mechanism, a simulated wellbore mechanism, a power rotary mechanism, a cuttings injection and collection mechanism, an inclination angle control mechanism and a data monitoring mechanism.

Referring to Fig. 3, the well inclination control mechanism includes a fixed pulley 33, a support frame 11 for at least supporting the simulated wellbore mechanism to adjust the posture of the simulated wellbore mechanism, and a wire rope wound on the fixed pulley 33, one end of the wire rope Fixedly connected to the support frame 11, one end of the support frame 11 is fixed, and the other end is freely rotatable.

In this way, when the wire rope is pulled, one end of the support frame 11 can be lifted, thereby adjusting the tilting posture of the support frame 11 .

It should not be misunderstood that although the simulation experiment device of the present application includes a well inclination angle control mechanism, it does not mean that the simulation device can only be applied to the simulation experiment of the inclined well section (that is, the simulated well wall 2 is inclined). The simulation experiment in the horizontal section (that is, the simulated well wall 2 is in a horizontal posture). It is only necessary to operate the inclination angle control mechanism until the placement posture of the simulated well wall 2 is in the actual required horizontal or inclined placement posture.

The simulated wellbore mechanism includes a simulated well wall 2, a simulated drill pipe 4, a flange joint 5, a liquid inlet 1, a liquid outlet 25, and a water-stop gasket.

The above-mentioned drilling fluid mechanism includes a mud pump 16 , a mud pool 18 , a sedimentation tank 20 , and a steel wire hose 12 connected in sequence. The steel wire hose 12 is divided into two sections by the mud pump 16 , the mud pool 18 , and the sedimentation tank 20 , wherein the first section communicates with the liquid inlet 1 , and the second section communicates with the liquid outlet 25 . Pressure gauge A22 and pressure gauge B22, liquid flowmeter A14 and liquid flowmeter B23, valve A15 and valve B24, butterfly valve A17 and butterfly valve B19 are all installed in the steel wire hose 12 to achieve flow and switch control.

The above-mentioned power slewing mechanism includes a stepless speed regulation motor 10, a coupling 9, and a fixer. The power output rod of the stepless speed regulation motor 10 is fixedly connected to the coupling 9, and the coupling 9 is connected with the simulated drill pipe 4, so as to Realize the power output of the stepless speed regulating motor 10 to the simulated drill pipe 4 .

Referring to Fig. 2, the above-mentioned eccentric mechanism includes an eccentric shaft sleeve 7, a top cover 6, an end cover 8, a rolling bearing 30, and a sealing ring. The simulated drill pipe 4 of the simulated wellbore mechanism is sleeved on the inner ring of the rolling bearing 30 and connected with the power output rod of the power slewing mechanism, and the outer ring of the rolling bearing 30 is fixedly connected to the above-mentioned eccentric bushing 7 . The top cover 6 plays the role of preventing the drilling fluid from spilling out. Its outer ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the eccentric bushing 7, and the inner wall of the eccentric bushing 7 is connected with the simulated drill pipe 4 through clearance fit. The end cover 8 prevents the sliding of the rolling bearing. On the outside of the eccentric shaft sleeve 7, the inner ring is connected with the simulated drill pipe by excessive fit.

The debris injection and collection mechanism includes a debris supply assembly 3 and a debris collection device 21 ; the data monitoring mechanism includes a high-speed camera 27 and a computer 26 . The computer 26 is used to process the images collected by the high-speed camera 27 to simulate the cuttings movement of the wellbore mechanism, and software such as Image J can be set in the computer 26 to process the images according to actual needs.

Specifically, the above-mentioned simulated wellbore is connected to the eccentric mechanism by means of bolts 28 through a flange structure, and is sealed with a sealing gasket 29; seal.

Specifically, the above-mentioned simulated borehole wall 2, simulated drill pipe 4, and flange joint 5 are made of acrylic material to meet the visualization requirements, so that the high-speed camera 27 can observe the movement of cuttings in the simulated borehole wall 2.

Specifically, the above-mentioned flange joint 5 connects three one-meter-long simulated well walls 2, and uses flange gaskets for water-tight sealing.

Specifically, one end of the above-mentioned simulated drill rod 4 is slotted, and assembled with the coupling 9 through a pin.

Specifically, the cuttings supply device includes a cuttings bucket and a control valve. Above-mentioned debris collection device comprises the screen cloth of 16 orders (1mm), connects screen cloth and steel wire hose with clip.

<Example 2>

The experimental method using the above-mentioned directional well cuttings migration simulator mainly includes the following steps:

S1. Inject drilling fluid into the visualized simulated wellbore by adjusting the drilling fluid mechanism, simulate the drilling fluid in the annulus of the wellbore, record the viscosity and shear force of the drilling fluid, the injection volume of cuttings per minute, the particle size of cuttings, pressure gauge A22 and pressure gauge B22, liquid flow meter A14 and liquid flow meter B23, drill string rotation speed and eccentricity, cuttings migration trajectory, start-up and migration distance of cuttings bed, study the effects of drilling fluid viscosity, shear force and pressure drop on cuttings transportation the effect of shifting;

S2. By controlling the valve switch, inject cuttings into the simulated wellbore, simulate the amount of cuttings produced by drilling, record the drilling fluid viscosity and shear force, the injection amount of cuttings per minute, the particle size of cuttings, the pressure gauge A22 and the pressure gauge B22, liquid flow meter A14 and liquid flow meter B23, drill string rotation speed and eccentricity, cuttings migration trajectory, start-up and migration distance of cuttings bed, study the impact of different cuttings addition and pressure drop on cuttings migration Impact;

S3. By controlling the valve switch, inject cuttings of different particle sizes into the simulated wellbore, record the drilling fluid viscosity and shear force, the injection volume of cuttings per minute, the particle size of cuttings, pressure gauge A22 and pressure gauge B22, and liquid flow Meter A14 and liquid flow meter B23, drill string rotation speed and eccentricity, cuttings migration track, start-up and migration distance of cuttings bed, and study the influence of different cuttings particle size and pressure drop on cuttings migration;

S4. By adjusting the flow rate of the mud pump 16, simulate the migration of cuttings under different drilling fluid return speeds, record the drilling fluid viscosity and shear force, the injection volume of cuttings per minute, the particle size of cuttings, the pressure gauge A22 and the pressure gauge B22, liquid flow meter A14 and liquid flow meter B23, drill string rotation speed and eccentricity, cuttings migration trajectory, start-up and migration distance of cuttings bed, study the impact of different drilling fluid return speed and pressure drop on cuttings migration Impact;

S5. By adjusting the control frequency of the stepless motor 10, changing the rotation speed of the drill string, simulating the migration of cuttings at different drill string rotation speeds, recording the drilling fluid viscosity and shear force, the injection volume of cuttings per minute, the particle size of cuttings, Pressure gauge A22 and pressure gauge B23, liquid flow meter A14 and liquid flow meter B23, drill string rotation speed and eccentricity, cuttings migration track, starting and moving distance of cuttings bed, study different drill string rotation speed and pressure The impact of falling on cuttings migration;

S6. Change the eccentricity of the drill string by replacing different eccentric bushings 7, simulate the movement of cuttings under different eccentric conditions, record the drilling fluid viscosity and shear force, the injection volume of cuttings per minute, the particle size of cuttings, Pressure gauge A22 and pressure gauge B22, liquid flowmeter A14 and liquid flowmeter B23, drill string rotation speed and eccentricity, cuttings migration trajectory, starting and migration distance of cuttings bed, and study the effect of different eccentricity and pressure drop The effect of debris migration.

S7. Change the eccentricity of the drill string by replacing different eccentric bushings 7, simulate the movement of cuttings under different eccentric conditions, record the drilling fluid viscosity and shear force, the injection rate of cuttings per minute, the particle size of cuttings, Pressure gauge A22 and pressure gauge B22, liquid flow meter A14 and liquid flow meter B23, drill string rotation speed and eccentricity, well inclination angle, cuttings migration track, starting and migration distance of cuttings bed, study different eccentricity and the effect of pressure drop on cuttings migration.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily conceive of changes or changes within the technical scope disclosed in this application Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (9)

1. A directional well cuttings migration simulation device, characterized in that it comprises: A simulated wellbore mechanism, including a simulated well wall and a simulated drill pipe located in the simulated well wall; A drilling fluid mechanism, used to provide drilling fluid to the simulated wellbore mechanism; a cuttings injection and collection mechanism for supplying cuttings to said simulated wellbore mechanism and collecting cuttings removed by the simulated wellbore mechanism; A power slewing mechanism, used to provide the power required for drilling for the simulated wellbore mechanism; A well inclination control mechanism, used to at least support the simulated wellbore mechanism to adjust the inclination attitude of the simulated wellbore mechanism; A data monitoring mechanism is used to photograph and record the cuttings migration status of the simulated wellbore mechanism. 2. The cuttings migration simulation device for directional wells according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle control mechanism includes a fixed pulley and a support frame for at least supporting the simulated wellbore mechanism to adjust the posture of the simulated wellbore mechanism and a steel wire rope wound on the fixed pulley, one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the support frame. 3. The cuttings migration simulation device for directional wells according to claim 1, wherein the drilling fluid mechanism includes steel wire hoses, mud pumps, mud pools, and sedimentation tanks connected in sequence, and the steel wire hoses are connected to the Describe the liquid inlet end of the simulated wellbore mechanism. 4. The cuttings migration simulation device for directional wells according to claim 3, wherein the drilling fluid mechanism further comprises a pressure gauge and a liquid flow meter installed on the steel wire hose. 5. The cuttings movement simulation device for directional wells according to claim 1, further comprising an eccentric mechanism for transmission connection to the power slewing mechanism, the eccentric mechanism includes an eccentric bushing and a rolling bearing, and the simulation The simulated drill pipe of the wellbore mechanism is sleeved on the inner ring of the rolling bearing and connected to the power output rod of the power slewing mechanism. The outer ring of the rolling bearing is fixedly connected to the eccentric bushing, and the eccentric bushing is installed on the simulated wellbore mechanism. Simulate the well wall. 6. The cuttings migration simulation device for directional wells according to claim 5, wherein the simulated wellbore is connected to the eccentric mechanism through bolts and sealed with a gasket, and the liquid inlet and outlet of the simulated wellbore are The end is connected with a steel wire hose by a clamp. 7. The cuttings migration simulation device for directional wells according to claim 1, wherein the simulated well wall and simulated drill pipe are made of acrylic. 8. The cuttings migration simulation device for directional wells according to claim 1, wherein one end of the simulated drill pipe is slotted and assembled with a pin and a coupling. 9. The directional well cuttings migration simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the cuttings injection and collection mechanism includes a cuttings supply assembly and a cuttings collection assembly, and the cuttings supply assembly is a cuttings Bucket and control valve; the cuttings collection assembly includes a screen, and the screen is connected to the steel wire hose through a clamp.

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