CN218644246U - Directional well rock debris migration simulation device - Google Patents
Directional well rock debris migration simulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN218644246U CN218644246U CN202222945050.XU CN202222945050U CN218644246U CN 218644246 U CN218644246 U CN 218644246U CN 202222945050 U CN202222945050 U CN 202222945050U CN 218644246 U CN218644246 U CN 218644246U
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The application discloses directional well rock debris migration simulation device. In the technical scheme, the directional well rock debris migration simulation device and the experimental method can be used for simulating the rock debris migration rule of the horizontal well section and the inclined well section of the directional well. The experimental device comprises a drilling fluid system, a simulated shaft system, a power rotation system, a rock debris injection and collection system, a well inclination angle control system and a data monitoring system. The device has simple structure and simple and convenient operation, can be used for visually observing the rock debris migration conditions of the horizontal well section and the inclined well section, simulates the influence rule of parameters such as viscosity, shearing force, discharge capacity, rock debris particle size and addition, drill column rotation speed, eccentricity, well inclination angle and the like of drilling fluid on the rock debris migration of the directional well, and can provide beneficial reference for optimization of drilling process parameters of the directional well.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of directional drilling, in particular to a directional well rock debris migration simulation device.
Background
With increasingly harsh drilling and production conditions of fossil energy and continuous development of drilling and production processes, in order to realize efficient exploitation of resources and improve recovery efficiency, multi-branch horizontal well and large-displacement inclined well drilling technologies become important technical means for drilling and production of petroleum and natural gas, development of coal bed gas, treatment of water damage of coal bed bottom plates and the like. Compared with the conventional vertical well, the method has the advantages of high single-well yield, high extraction degree and high economic benefit when developing the low-permeability soft stratum. In the wells, due to the influence of gravity, a drill string sinks in a shaft of a horizontal well section and a shaft of an inclined well section to form an eccentric annulus, so that a large amount of rock debris is accumulated to form a rock debris bed, high torque and high resistance are increased, underground complex conditions such as buried drill sticking and the like occur, and the normal operation of drilling operation is seriously influenced.
The Chinese invention patent ' horizontal well rock debris migration simulation experiment device and experiment method ' (application number: CN 103485738A) ' discloses a horizontal well rock debris migration simulation experiment device and experiment method capable of carrying out visual observation, and the horizontal well rock debris migration simulation experiment device and experiment method comprise a drilling fluid system, a rock debris migration system, a rock debris supply system, a power system, a data processing system and a rock debris recovery system. The horizontal well rock debris migration condition under various working conditions can be observed by changing the displacement, the rotating speed of the drill string, the eccentricity between the drill string and the well bore, the rock debris amount and the rock debris particle size. The invention only relates to the influence rule of the horizontal well section rock debris migration, and the rock debris migration rule under different well angles cannot be researched.
The invention discloses a visual horizontal annulus rock debris migration simulation device (application number: CN 112227988A), which comprises a drilling fluid device, a rock debris feeding device, a simulated wellbore device, a drill rod rotating eccentric device, a rock debris separator, a computer and the like. The method simulates the influence rule of drilling fluid return speed, rock debris and rock debris amount with different physical properties, drilling tool rotating speed and drilling tool eccentricity on horizontal well rock debris migration, and the method is relatively complex in structure and fails to consider the rock debris migration rule of the inclined well section.
Chinese utility model CN203603806U discloses a detritus migration analogue means, including the simulation pit shaft, simulation drilling string and simulation drill bit are equipped with the accommodation space who holds the detritus at the drill bit tip. The structure accelerates the flowing speed of the mixture of the rock debris and the drilling fluid in the simulation drill string, and greatly improves the migration capacity of the rock debris. The invention only relates to the migration rule of rock debris when a positive circulation mode is adopted in a rock debris shaft, and the influence of the rotation speed of a drill column on the migration of the rock debris cannot be considered.
The method disclosed by the related art mainly comprises the steps of establishing a rock debris migration simulation device on a horizontal well section, and mainly has the following defects: (1) the influence of a well deviation angle on the rock debris migration cannot be considered; (2) The influence rule of comprehensive variables on rock debris migration in all aspects cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, this application provides directional well rock debris migration analogue means, can realize the simulation experiment to rock debris migration under the multiple operating mode.
The application provides a directional well rock debris migration analogue means includes:
the simulated shaft mechanism comprises a simulated shaft wall and a simulated drill rod positioned in the simulated shaft wall;
a drilling fluid mechanism for providing drilling fluid to the simulated wellbore mechanism;
the rock debris injection and collection mechanism is used for providing rock debris for the simulated shaft mechanism and collecting the rock debris discharged by the simulated shaft mechanism;
the power swing mechanism is used for providing power required by drilling actions for the simulated shaft mechanism;
a borehole angle control mechanism for supporting at least the simulated borehole mechanism to adjust the inclination attitude of the simulated borehole mechanism;
and the data monitoring mechanism is used for shooting and recording the rock debris migration condition of the simulated shaft mechanism.
Optionally, the inclination angle control mechanism includes a fixed pulley, a support frame for supporting at least the simulated wellbore mechanism to adjust the attitude of the simulated wellbore mechanism, and a steel cable wound around the fixed pulley, and one end of the steel cable is fixedly connected to the support frame.
Optionally, the drilling fluid mechanism comprises a steel wire hose, a mud pump, a mud pit and a sedimentation pit which are sequentially communicated, and the steel wire hose is communicated with a liquid inlet end of the simulated shaft mechanism.
Optionally, the drilling fluid mechanism further comprises a pressure gauge and a fluid flow meter mounted on the wireline hose.
Optionally, still include and be used for the transmission to connect power rotation mechanism's eccentric mechanism, eccentric mechanism includes eccentric bushing, antifriction bearing, the simulation drilling rod of simulation pit shaft mechanism cup joints antifriction bearing's inner circle is connected with power rotation mechanism's power take off pole, antifriction bearing's outer lane rigid coupling eccentric bushing, eccentric bushing installs on the simulation wall of a well of simulation pit shaft mechanism.
Optionally, the simulation shaft is connected with the eccentric mechanism through a bolt and sealed by a sealing gasket, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the simulation shaft are connected with the steel wire hose through a hoop.
Optionally, the simulated well wall and the simulated drill rod are made of acrylic materials.
Optionally, one end of the simulated drill rod is slotted and assembled with the coupling through a pin.
Optionally, the rock debris injection and collection mechanism comprises a rock debris supply assembly and a rock debris collection assembly, wherein the rock debris supply assembly is a rock debris barrel and a control valve; the rock debris collection device comprises a screen, and the screen and the steel wire hose are connected through a clamp.
The beneficial effects of this application mainly show: (1) The migration condition of the rock debris can be observed under visualization; (2) The influence rule of the viscosity and the shearing force of the drilling fluid, the rock debris adding amount, the particle size and the discharge amount, the rotation speed and the eccentricity of a drill column and the well inclination angle on the rock debris migration can be simulated; (3) The high-speed camera is adopted to record the movement track of the rock debris and the formation and movement of the rock debris bed, and the Image processing is carried out through software such as a computer Image J, so that the principle is reliable, the structure is simple, and the operation is simple and convenient.
Drawings
The technical solutions and other advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present application when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a directional well rock debris migration simulation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a perspective structural view of a bevel angle control mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically, electrically or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the application. To simplify the disclosure of the present application, specific example components and arrangements are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. Further, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or reference letters in the various examples for simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided herein, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize the application of other processes and/or the use of other materials.
<Example 1>
Referring to fig. 1, the directional well rock debris migration simulation device according to the embodiment of the present application includes a drilling fluid mechanism, a simulated wellbore mechanism, a power swing mechanism, a rock debris injection and collection mechanism, a well bevel angle control mechanism, and a data monitoring mechanism.
Referring to fig. 3, the bevel angle control mechanism includes a fixed pulley 33, a support frame 11 for supporting at least the simulated shaft mechanism to adjust the posture of the simulated shaft mechanism, and a steel cable wound on the fixed pulley 33, wherein one end of the steel cable is fixedly connected to the support frame 11, one end of the support frame 11 is fixed, and the other end of the support frame 11 is rotatably disposed.
Thus, when the wire rope is pulled, one end of the support bracket 11 can be lifted, thereby adjusting the inclined posture of the support bracket 11.
It cannot be misunderstood that the simulation experiment device provided by the application, although comprising the well inclination angle control mechanism, does not mean that the simulation experiment device is only suitable for simulation experiments of inclined sections (i.e. the simulation well wall 2 is in an inclined posture), and can also be used for simulation experiments of horizontal sections (i.e. the simulation well wall 2 is in a horizontal posture). The inclination angle control mechanism is operated until the placing posture of the simulated well wall 2 is in the actually required horizontal or inclined placing posture.
The simulation shaft mechanism comprises a simulation well wall 2, a simulation drill rod 4, a flange joint 5, a liquid inlet end 1, a liquid outlet end 25 and a water stop gasket.
The drilling fluid mechanism comprises a mud pump 16, a mud pit 18, a sedimentation tank 20 and a steel wire hose 12 which are sequentially communicated. The steel wire hose 12 is divided into two sections by a mud pump 16, a mud pit 18 and a sedimentation tank 20, wherein the first section is communicated with the liquid inlet end 1, and the second section is communicated with the liquid outlet end 25. The pressure gauge A22 and the pressure gauge B22, the liquid flowmeter A14 and the liquid flowmeter B23, the valve A15 and the valve B24, and the butterfly valve A17 and the butterfly valve B19 are all arranged in the steel wire hose 12 to achieve flow and on-off control.
The power swing mechanism comprises a stepless speed regulating motor 10, a coupler 9 and a fixer, wherein a power output rod of the stepless speed regulating motor 10 is fixedly connected with the coupler 9, and the coupler 9 is connected with the simulation drill rod 4 so as to realize the power output of the stepless speed regulating motor 10 to the simulation drill rod 4.
Referring to fig. 2, the eccentric mechanism includes an eccentric sleeve 7, a top cover 6, an end cover 8, a rolling bearing 30, and a seal ring. The simulation drill rod 4 of the simulation shaft mechanism is sleeved with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 30 and is connected with the power output rod of the power swing mechanism, and the outer ring of the rolling bearing 30 is fixedly connected with the eccentric shaft sleeve 7. The top cover 6 plays a role in preventing drilling fluid from overflowing, the outer ring of the top cover is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the eccentric shaft sleeve 7, and the inner wall of the eccentric shaft sleeve 7 is connected with the simulation drill rod 4 in a clearance fit manner; the end cover 8 prevents the rolling bearing from sliding, the outer side surface of the end cover is arranged on the outer side of the eccentric shaft sleeve 7, and the inner ring is connected with the simulation drill rod in an excessive matching mode.
The rock debris injection and collection mechanism comprises a rock debris supply assembly 3 and a rock debris collection device 21; the data monitoring mechanism comprises a high-speed camera 27 and a computer 26. The computer 26 is used for processing the images which are acquired by the high-speed camera 27 and simulate the rock debris migration condition of the shaft mechanism, and software such as Image J can be arranged on the computer 26 for processing the images according to actual needs.
Specifically, the simulated shaft is connected with an eccentric mechanism through a flange structure by using a bolt 28 and is sealed by a sealing gasket 29; the liquid inlet end 1 and the liquid outlet end 25 of the simulated shaft are connected and sealed with the steel wire hose 12 by adopting a hoop.
Specifically, the simulation shaft wall 2, the simulation drill rod 4 and the flange joint 5 are made of acrylic materials and meet the visualization requirement, so that the high-speed camera 27 can observe the migration condition of rock debris in the simulation shaft wall 2 through the simulation shaft wall.
Specifically, the flange joint 5 connects three one-meter-long simulation well walls 2, and adopts a flange gasket to seal water.
Specifically, one end of the simulation drill rod 4 is grooved and assembled with the coupling 9 through a pin.
Specifically, the rock debris supply device comprises a rock debris barrel and a control valve. The rock debris collecting device comprises a 16-mesh (1 mm) screen, and the screen and the steel wire hose are connected through a clamping hoop.
<Example 2>
The experimental method using the directional well rock debris migration simulation device mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, injecting drilling fluid into a visual simulation shaft through a drilling fluid adjusting mechanism, simulating the drilling fluid in the annular space of the shaft, recording the viscosity and the shearing force of the drilling fluid, the injection amount of rock debris per minute, the particle size of the rock debris, a pressure gauge A22 and a pressure gauge B22, a liquid flow meter A14 and a liquid flow meter B23, the rotation speed and the eccentricity of a drill string, the migration track of the rock debris and the starting and migration distance of a rock debris bed, and researching the influence of the viscosity, the shearing force and the pressure drop of the drilling fluid on the migration of the rock debris;
s2, injecting rock debris into the simulated shaft by controlling a valve to be opened and closed, simulating the amount of rock debris generated by well drilling, recording the viscosity and the shearing force of drilling fluid, the injection amount of the rock debris per minute, the particle size of the rock debris, a pressure gauge A22 and a pressure gauge B22, a liquid flow meter A14 and a liquid flow meter B23, the rotation speed and the eccentricity of a drill string, a rock debris migration track and the starting and migration distance of a rock debris bed, and researching the influence of different rock debris addition amounts and pressure drops on the migration of the rock debris;
s3, injecting rock debris with different particle sizes into the simulated shaft by controlling the opening and closing of a valve, recording the viscosity and the shearing force of drilling fluid, the injection amount of the rock debris per minute, the particle size of the rock debris, a pressure gauge A22 and a pressure gauge B22, a liquid flow gauge A14 and a liquid flow gauge B23, the rotation speed and the eccentricity of a drill string, the migration track of the rock debris and the starting and migration distance of a rock debris bed, and researching the influence of different particle sizes and pressure drop of the rock debris on the migration of the rock debris;
s4, simulating rock debris migration conditions under different drilling fluid return speeds by adjusting the flow of a mud pump 16, recording the viscosity and the shearing force of the drilling fluid, the injection amount of rock debris per minute, the particle size of the rock debris, a pressure gauge A22 and a pressure gauge B22, a liquid flow meter A14 and a liquid flow meter B23, the rotation speed and the eccentricity of a drill string, a rock debris migration track and the starting and migration distances of a rock debris bed, and researching the influence of different drilling fluid return speeds and pressure drops on the rock debris migration;
s5, controlling frequency by adjusting the electrodeless motor 10, changing the rotation speed of a drill column, simulating rock debris migration conditions of different rotation speeds of the drill column, recording the viscosity and the shearing force of drilling fluid, the injection amount of rock debris per minute, the particle size of the rock debris, a pressure gauge A22, a pressure gauge B23, a liquid flow meter A14, a liquid flow meter B23, the rotation speed and the eccentricity of the drill column, a rock debris migration track and the starting and migration distances of a rock debris bed, and researching the influence of different rotation speeds and pressure drops of the drill column on the rock debris migration;
s6, changing the eccentricity of the drill string by replacing different eccentric sleeves 7, simulating the rock debris migration situation under different eccentricity situations, recording the viscosity and the cutting force of drilling fluid, the injection amount of rock debris per minute, the particle size of the rock debris, a pressure gauge A22 and a pressure gauge B22, a liquid flow meter A14 and a liquid flow meter B23, the rotation speed and the eccentricity of the drill string, the rock debris migration track and the starting and migration distance of a rock debris bed, and researching the influence of different eccentricities and pressure drops on the rock debris migration.
S7, changing the eccentricity of the drill string by replacing different eccentric sleeves 7, simulating the rock debris migration condition under different eccentricity conditions, recording the viscosity and the shearing force of drilling fluid, the injection amount of rock debris per minute, the particle size of the rock debris, a pressure gauge A22 and a pressure gauge B22, a liquid flow meter A14 and a liquid flow meter B23, the rotation speed and the eccentricity of the drill string, the well inclination angle, the rock debris migration track and the starting and migration distance of a rock debris bed, and researching the influence of different eccentricities and pressure drops on the rock debris migration.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A directional well rock debris migration simulation device is characterized by comprising:
the simulated shaft mechanism comprises a simulated shaft wall and a simulated drill rod positioned in the simulated shaft wall;
a drilling fluid mechanism for providing drilling fluid to the simulated wellbore mechanism;
a debris injection and collection mechanism for providing debris to the simulated wellbore mechanism and collecting debris removed by the simulated wellbore mechanism;
the power slewing mechanism is used for providing power required by drilling action for the simulated shaft mechanism;
a bevel angle control mechanism for supporting at least the simulated wellbore mechanism to adjust a tilt attitude of the simulated wellbore mechanism;
and the data monitoring mechanism is used for shooting and recording the rock debris migration condition of the simulated shaft mechanism.
2. The directional well debris migration simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle control mechanism comprises a fixed pulley, a support frame for supporting at least the simulated well bore mechanism to adjust the posture of the simulated well bore mechanism, and a wire rope wound around the fixed pulley, and one end of the wire rope is fixedly connected with the support frame.
3. The directional well rock debris migration simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the drilling fluid mechanism comprises a steel wire hose, a mud pump, a mud pit and a sedimentation pit which are sequentially communicated, and the steel wire hose is communicated with a liquid inlet end of the simulation shaft mechanism.
4. A directional well rock debris migration simulator according to claim 3, in which the drilling fluid mechanism further comprises a pressure gauge and a fluid flow meter mounted on the wireline hose.
5. The directional well rock debris migration simulation device according to claim 1, further comprising an eccentric mechanism for driving and connecting the power swing mechanism, wherein the eccentric mechanism comprises an eccentric bushing and a rolling bearing, a simulation drill rod of the simulation well bore mechanism is sleeved on an inner ring of the rolling bearing and connected with a power output rod of the power swing mechanism, an outer ring of the rolling bearing is fixedly connected with the eccentric bushing, and the eccentric bushing is mounted on a simulation well wall of the simulation well bore mechanism.
6. The directional well rock debris migration simulation device according to claim 5, wherein the simulation shaft is connected with the eccentric mechanism through a bolt and sealed by a sealing gasket, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the simulation shaft are connected with the steel wire hose through a hoop.
7. The directional well rock debris migration simulation device of claim 1, wherein the simulated well wall and the simulated drill rod are made of acrylic materials.
8. The directional well rock debris migration simulation device of claim 1, wherein one end of the simulation drill rod is slotted and assembled with a coupling through a pin.
9. The directional well rock debris migration simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the rock debris injection and collection mechanism comprises a rock debris supply assembly and a rock debris collection assembly, and the rock debris supply assembly is a rock debris barrel and a control valve; the rock debris collecting assembly comprises a screen and is connected with the steel wire hose through a clamp.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115749641A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-03-07 | 安徽省煤田地质局第一勘探队 | Directional well rock debris migration simulation device and experimental method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115749641A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-03-07 | 安徽省煤田地质局第一勘探队 | Directional well rock debris migration simulation device and experimental method |
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