SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing an anti-icing wind power blade, this anti-icing wind power blade is including setting up electrical heating element and the light and heat conversion layer at the blade body, can get rid of the icing on blade body surface to the icing condition in different regions, and anti-icing effect is better.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an anti-icing wind turbine blade, including:
the blade comprises a blade body, a first region and a second region are formed on the surface of the blade body;
the electric heating assembly is arranged in the first area; and
and the light-heat conversion layer is arranged in the second area or simultaneously arranged in the first area and the second area.
Optionally, the blade body includes a root section, a middle section and a tip section sequentially arranged along a length direction of the blade body, and the first region is located at a blade leading edge position of the middle section.
Optionally, the electric heating assembly comprises an electric heating film layer and a protective glass fiber layer, the electric heating film layer is laid on the outer surface of the blade body, and the protective glass fiber layer is laid on the surface of the electric heating film layer deviated from the outer surface of the blade body.
Optionally, the electric heating assembly further comprises an anti-icing coating, and the anti-icing coating is laid on one surface of the protective glass fiber layer deviating from the electric heating film layer.
Optionally, the electrical heating assembly comprises an electrical heating film layer and an anti-icing coating; the electric heating film layer is arranged in a blade skin of the blade body in the first area, and the anti-icing coating is arranged on the outer surface of the blade body corresponding to the electric heating film layer.
Optionally, the electrical heating film layer is configured as a graphene electrical heating film layer.
Optionally, the photothermal conversion layer comprises a photothermal conversion unit and a phase change energy storage unit;
the photo-thermal conversion unit is used for converting light energy into heat energy;
and the phase change energy storage unit is used for storing and releasing the heat energy converted by the photothermal conversion unit.
Optionally, the photothermal conversion layer is configured as a photothermal phase change film for converting light energy into thermal energy for storage and release.
Optionally, when the electric heating element is disposed in the first region and the photothermal conversion layer is disposed in the first region and the second region, the electric heating element is disposed between the photothermal conversion layer and the blade body.
Optionally, the anti-icing wind turbine blade further comprises an icing sensor, and the icing sensor is arranged on the surface of the blade body or the top of the nacelle and used for detecting the icing state of the surface of the blade body.
Through the technical scheme, this anti-icing wind power blade that promptly discloses includes blade body, electrical heating subassembly and light and heat conversion layer, and the surface of blade body is formed with first region and second area, and electrical heating subassembly locates the first region, and light and heat conversion layer locates the second region or locates first region and second region simultaneously, for example, the first region is the most easily region of icing of whole blade body, and the second region is other regions of blade body except that the first region. When the electric heating assembly is arranged in the first area and the photo-thermal conversion layer is arranged in the second area, the heat generated by the electric heating assembly can melt part of the ice coating of the first area close to the blade body to form a water layer, the photo-thermal conversion layer can convert absorbed light energy into heat energy, then the part of the ice coating of the second area close to the blade body is melted to form the water layer, and the ice coating in contact with the water layer slides off under the action of gravity. When the electric heating assembly is arranged in the first area, the light-heat conversion layer is arranged in the first area and the second area simultaneously, the ice coating close to the blade body in the first area and the second area can be melted to form a water layer by directly absorbing heat released by the light-heat conversion layer, or the ice coating close to the blade body is melted together by the electric heating assembly and the light-heat conversion layer to form a water layer, and the ice coating in contact with the water layer slides off under the action of gravity. By the combined deicing mode, the icing of the blade can be better removed.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present disclosure, the positional or orientational terms such as "upper, lower, left and right" used in the present disclosure without a contrary explanation are generally directed to the upper, lower, left and right based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of the component or structure itself. The terms "first," "second," and the like are used herein to distinguish one element from another, and are not intended to be sequential or important.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present disclosure provides an anti-icing wind turbine blade comprising: a blade body, a first area 21 and a second area are formed on the surface of the blade body; an electric heating element 6 arranged in the first region 21; and a photothermal conversion layer 8 provided in the second region or both the first region 21 and the second region.
In the above embodiment, the first region 21 may be a region of the blade body where the surface is very susceptible to ice coating during operation, and the second region may be a region of the blade body surface other than the first region 21.
In addition, when the electric heating assembly 6 is arranged in the first area 21 and the photothermal conversion layer 8 is arranged in the second area, the heat generated by the electric heating assembly 6 can melt part of the ice coating of the first area 21 close to the blade body to form a water layer, the photothermal conversion layer 8 can convert the absorbed light energy into heat energy, further melt part of the ice coating of the second area close to the blade body to form a water layer, and the ice coating contacting with the water layer slides off under the action of gravity or the wind power blade is rotated. When the electric heating assembly 6 is arranged in the first area 21 and the light-heat conversion layer 8 is arranged in the first area 21 and the second area simultaneously, the heat released by the light-heat conversion layer 8 can be directly absorbed by the light-heat conversion layer 8 to melt the ice coating close to the blade body in the first area 21 and the second area to form a water layer, or the electric heating assembly 6 and the light-heat conversion layer 8 are used for melting the ice coating close to the blade body together to form a water layer, and under the action of gravity, the wind power blade is rotated, and the ice coating in contact with the water layer slides off. By the combined deicing mode, the icing of the blade can be better removed.
It can be understood that the blade body of the present disclosure is formed with a cavity inside, the web 9 is disposed in the cavity, the electric heating element 6 and the light-to-heat conversion layer 8 in the present disclosure can be simultaneously disposed on the SS surface (suction surface) and the PS surface (pressure surface) of the outer surface of the blade body, the electric heating element 6 and the light-to-heat conversion layer 8 can also be simultaneously disposed on one of the two surfaces of the blade body, and the specific arrangement of the electric heating element 6 and the light-to-heat conversion layer 8 can be determined according to actual conditions.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in some embodiments, the blade body comprises a root section 1, a middle section 2 and a tip section 4 arranged in sequence along the length thereof, and the first region 21 is located at the blade leading edge 5 of the middle section 2.
In the above embodiment, the root section 1 is a region of the wind turbine blade close to the blade root, the blade body includes a blade trailing edge 3 and a blade leading edge 5, and the position of the blade leading edge 5 of the middle section 2 is a region with the highest aerodynamic efficiency, is also a position easy to freeze, and is a key deicing region. The first region 21 is located at the position of the blade front edge 5 of the middle section 2, which is substantially the position of the first region 21 at the blade front edge 5 of the middle section 2, and the blade front edge 5 of the middle section 2 is contained in the first region 21, the electric heating assembly 6 is arranged in the first region 21, so that more heat can be generated more rapidly, part of ice coating close to the surface of the blade body can be melted rapidly to form a water layer, and the wind power blade can be rotated or under the action of gravity, so that the ice coating contacting with the water layer in the first region 21 slides off. It should be understood that when the first region 21 is provided with both the electric heating element 6 and the light-to-heat conversion layer 8, ice may be selectively removed using only the light-to-heat conversion layer 8 or by selectively turning on the electric heating element 6 depending on the ice coating condition.
As shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments, the electric heating assembly 6 includes an electric heating film 63 and a protective glass fiber layer 62, the electric heating film 63 is disposed on the outer surface of the blade body, and the protective glass fiber layer 62 is disposed on a surface of the electric heating film 63 facing away from the outer surface of the blade body.
In some specific embodiments, the electrical heating film 63 is laid on the blade skin 7 of the blade body, the electrical heating film 63 is formed by an electrical heating film, the electrical heating film may be configured as a graphene electrical heating film, and then the electrical heating film 63 is configured as a graphene electrical heating film, the graphene electrical heating film has low power consumption, high efficiency of converting electrical energy into thermal energy, stable performance, light weight, and thin thickness, and the electrical heating stability of other regions is not affected by local breakage. In addition, the graphene electric heating film is not easy to attract lightning.
Of course, the electric heating film may also be constructed using a structure known in the related art, for example, and may also be constructed of carbon fiber, a resistance wire, or the like.
In some specific embodiments, the protective glass fiber layer 62 is made of glass fiber cloth, the glass fiber cloth is glass fiber cloth, and the protective glass fiber layer 62 made of glass fiber cloth is laid on the surface of the electric heating film layer 63, which is far away from the outer surface of the blade body, so that the electric heating film layer 63 can be protected.
As shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments, the anti-icing wind turbine blade further includes an anti-icing coating 61, and the anti-icing coating 61 is laid on a surface of the protective glass fiber layer 62 facing away from the electric heating film layer 63. Anti-icing coating 61 may be constructed in any suitable configuration and may be selected as desired by one skilled in the art and will not be described further herein.
In the above embodiment, the electric heating film 63 is laid on the blade skin 7 of the blade body, the protective glass fiber layer 62 is laid on the surface of the electric heating film 63 departing from the outer surface of the blade body, that is, the protective glass fiber layer 62 is laid on the surface of the electric heating film 63 departing from the blade skin 7 of the blade body, and the anti-icing coating 61 is laid on the surface of the protective glass fiber layer 62 departing from the electric heating film 63. The anti-icing coating 61 is made of anti-icing paint, and the anti-icing coating 61 can greatly reduce the adsorption force on ice crystals so as to resist icing adhesion. For example, anti-icing coating 61 may achieve ice adhesion strengths less than 55Kpa and surface icing temperatures less than-15 ℃.
The anti-icing coating 61 is laid on the surface, deviating from the electric heating film layer 63, of the protective glass fiber layer 62, so that the power consumption during deicing can be remarkably reduced, the power consumption can be reduced by about 20%, and the consumption of electric energy is saved.
As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the electrical heating assembly 6 includes an electrical heating film layer 63 and an anti-icing coating 61; an electrically heated film 63 is provided in the blade skin 7 of the blade body in the first region 21, and an anti-icing coating 61 is provided on the outer surface of the blade body corresponding to the electrically heated film 63.
In some embodiments, the blade skin 7 is composed of an upper glass fiber layer 71, a core material layer and a lower glass fiber layer, the upper glass fiber layer 71 and the lower glass fiber layer are formed by bonding multiple layers of glass fiber cloth together, the electrical heating film 63 can be arranged between the multiple layers of glass fiber cloth of the upper glass fiber layer 71 of the blade skin 7 of the blade body in the first region 21, the electrical heating film 63 can be laid between the multiple layers of glass fiber cloth of the upper glass fiber layer 71 when the blade skin 7 is prepared, the outer surface of the blade does not need to be polished for laying, the working procedures are saved, manpower and material resources are saved, the anti-icing coating 61 is arranged on the outer surface of the blade body, the deicing effect can be further improved, and meanwhile, the electricity consumption of the electrical heating film 63 during deicing is saved.
In addition, electrical heating rete 63 still can set up between core material layer and last glass fiber layer 71 or between core material layer and the glass fiber layer down, and the specific position that sets up of electrical heating rete 63 can be confirmed according to actual conditions, and it is no longer repeated here.
The light-to-heat conversion layer 8 may be configured in any suitable structure, and in some embodiments, the light-to-heat conversion layer 8 includes a light-to-heat conversion unit and a phase change energy storage unit; the photothermal conversion unit is used for converting light energy into heat energy; the phase change energy storage unit is used for storing and releasing the heat energy converted by the photo-thermal conversion unit.
In the above embodiment, the photothermal conversion layer 8 absorbs light energy under the irradiation of sunlight, converts the light energy into heat energy, stores the heat energy, and then slowly releases the heat energy to melt part of the ice coating to form a water layer, so that the ice coating contacting with the water layer slides off under the action of gravity.
In some embodiments, the light-to-heat conversion layer 8 is configured as a light-to-heat phase change film for converting light energy into thermal energy for storage and release.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, the photothermal phase transition film is located in the first region 21 on the surface of the blade body or is located in the first region 21 and the second region simultaneously, and can store energy when sunshine is sufficient, and can release heat when ambient temperature is lower, reaches the effect of removing the icing, in addition, when the photothermal phase transition film slowly releases energy at night, can realize the anti-icing of photothermal phase transition film at night.
In some embodiments, the photothermal phase change film may be formed by self-assembling polyvinyl alcohol as a host material, a trace amount of gold nanoparticles as a photothermal conversion material, and an organic phase change material, and the photothermal phase change film has both photothermal conversion and thermal energy storage and release functions by using the surface plasma resonance effect of the filled gold nanoparticles and the heat storage and release characteristics of the phase change material.
In some embodiments, where the electrical heating assembly 6 is disposed in the first zone 21 and the light-to-heat conversion layer 8 is disposed in both the first zone 21 and the second zone, the electrical heating assembly 6 is disposed between the light-to-heat conversion layer 8 and the blade body, and the first zone 21 can be selected to de-ice the light-to-heat conversion layer 8 or the electrical heating assembly 6 depending on the ice coating.
In some embodiments, the anti-icing wind turbine blade further comprises an icing sensor disposed on a surface of the blade body or on a top of the nacelle for detecting an icing condition of the surface of the blade body. The number of the icing sensors may be multiple, for example, the icing sensors may correspond to each blade of each wind turbine. The icing sensor can be selected from known structures as required, and is a known technology, and is not described in detail here.
In the above embodiment, the icing sensor can detect the thickness of the ice on the blade body, and when the thickness of the ice on the blade body detected by the icing sensor is equal to or greater than the light icing threshold and less than the medium icing threshold, the blade body is in the light icing state, and the ice can be removed by the combination of the anti-icing coating 61 provided in the first region 21 and the photothermal phase change film provided in the second region without turning on the electric heating unit 6.
When the icing sensor detects that the thickness of the ice on the blade body is greater than or equal to a moderate icing threshold or greater than a severe icing threshold, the electric heating film can be opened, so that the temperature of the surface of the wind power blade is rapidly increased, the ice in contact with the surface of the wind power blade is melted to form a water layer, and the ice in contact with the water layer slides off when the blade rotates, so that the effect of removing the ice is achieved. After the electric heating film is turned on, a water film is formed between the anti-icing coating 61 and the ice coating due to the temperature rise, and the water film is generally in a micron order, so that the adhesion force of the ice coating can be reduced. In breeze or blade rotation process, the ice layer is easy to fall off, thereby realizing the effects of ice prevention and ice removal. The heat generated by the electric heating film can also be transferred to the region where the photothermal conversion layer 8 is laid, and the heat released from the photothermal conversion layer 8 is combined to remove the ice coating on the region where the photothermal conversion layer 8 is laid.
The disclosure also provides a preparation method of the anti-icing wind power blade, which comprises the following steps: defining a first region 21 and a second region on the surface of the blade body; respectively preprocessing the first area 21 and the second area; mounting the electrical heating assembly 6 in the first region 21; the photothermal conversion layer 8 is laid on the second region.
In some embodiments, the method for manufacturing the anti-icing wind power blade may further include: defining a first region 21 and a second region on the surface of the blade body; respectively pretreating the first area 21 and the second area, and installing an electric heating assembly 6 in the first area 21; the photothermal conversion layer 8 is laid on the first region 21 and the second region.
In some embodiments, the first region 21 and the second region are defined on the surface of the blade body, and specifically include: an icing prone area is defined at the outer surface of the blade body, and the icing prone area is defined as a first area 21, which is marked, for example, where the first area 21 is the blade leading edge 5 of the mid-section 2. The region of the outer surface of the blade body other than the first region 21 is identified as a second region and marked.
In some embodiments, the pre-processing of the first region 21 and the second region specifically includes: and (3) polishing the outer surfaces of the first area 21 and the second area by using an angle grinder, and cleaning the polished areas after polishing the first area 21 and the second area to ensure that no dust or impurities exist.
In some embodiments, the electric heating assembly 6 is mounted in the first area 21, in particular comprising: sequentially laying the electric heating film layer 63 and the protective glass fiber layer 62 in the first area 21; wherein, the fine layer 62 of protection glass is laid in the one side that electrical heating rete 63 deviates from the blade body, then lays the drawing of patterns cloth on the fine layer 62 of protection glass again. The electric heating film layer 63 and the protective glass fiber layer 62 are solidified on the blade body in a mode of vacuum resin infusion or hand lay-up resin, then the area of the vacuum resin infusion or the area of the hand lay-up resin is polished and modified, and then the anti-icing paint is coated on the first area 21 after polishing and modification.
In some embodiments, the photothermal conversion layer 8 is applied in the second zone, specifically including: the outer surface of the blade body in the second region is polished, cleaned, and the photothermal conversion layer 8 is then attached to the second region.
Further, the light-heat conversion layer 8 may be laid while the first area 21 passes through the second area, and specifically includes: the photothermal conversion layer 8 is laid on the electric heating layer of the first region 21, followed by polishing and cleaning of the outer surface of the blade body of the second region, and then the photothermal conversion layer 8 is attached to the second region.
The present disclosure exemplarily describes a preparation process of an anti-icing wind power blade, which includes providing a blade body, determining an easily icing area on an outer surface of the blade body, determining the easily icing area as a first area 21, and marking; the region of the outer surface of the blade body other than the first region 21 is identified as a second region and marked. Then, the outer surfaces of the first area 21 and the second area are polished by an angle grinder, and after the first area 21 and the second area are polished, the polished areas are cleaned to ensure that no dust or impurities exist. Then, the electric heating film layer 63 and the protective glass fiber layer 62 are sequentially laid in the first area 21; wherein, the fine layer 62 of protection glass is laid in the one side that electrical heating rete 63 deviates from the blade body, then lays the drawing of patterns cloth on the fine layer 62 of protection glass again. The electric heating film layer 63 and the protective glass fiber layer 62 are solidified on the blade body in a mode of vacuum resin infusion or hand lay-up resin, then the area of the vacuum resin infusion or the area of the hand lay-up resin is polished and modified, and then the anti-icing paint is coated on the first area 21 after polishing and modification. Then, the outer surface of the blade body in the second region is polished, cleaned, and then the photothermal conversion layer 8 is attached to the second region.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.