CN218624262U - Waterproof construction in undercut tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waterproof construction in undercut tunnel, it is including laying waterproofing membrane and the coating on lining concrete once waterproofing membrane's skin and the waterproof layer that the solidification formed, secondary lining concrete is pour again to waterproof layer's outside. The utility model discloses a water proof layer not only has the effect of protection bottom waterproof construction, still pours the secondary lining concrete respectively with waterproofing membrane, back and forms sealed bonding interface, has effectively prevented scurrying water phenomenon in tunnel.

Description

Waterproof construction in undercut tunnel

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the waterproof field of building especially relates to a waterproof construction for tunnel undercut construction.

Background

The tunnel waterproofing is an important content of the whole tunnel engineering quality, the existing waterproofing plate without a sealant layer is commonly used in the tunnel waterproofing construction, the waterproofing plate is a waterproofing material taking high molecular polymer as a basic raw material, the main functions of the waterproofing plate are seepage prevention and isolation, the waterproofing plate is nailed and hung on the vault and the arch wall of the tunnel by adopting a nail to form 'shielding type waterproofing', the two sides of the waterproofing plate are not provided with the sealant, the waterproofing plate can not be tightly bonded with the primary lining concrete and the secondary lining concrete of the tunnel at the two sides, and once a certain position of the waterproofing plate is damaged, leaked underground water can swim and diffuse between gaps between the waterproofing plate and the secondary lining, so that the water channeling phenomenon is caused. And after the waterproof structure is made, the poured secondary lining or the hole-binding reinforcing steel bars in subsequent construction are easy to damage the waterproof layer.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned prior art not enough, provide a waterproof construction in undercut tunnel that can effectively prevent scurrying water phenomenon.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a waterproof construction in undercut tunnel, its includes lays waterproofing membrane and the coating on the once lining concrete at tunnel arch wall position waterproofing membrane's skin and the waterproof layer that the solidification formed, secondary lining concrete is pour in the outside of waterproof layer.

The waterproof roll is wet-laid on the primary lining concrete through cement slurry, and a bonding layer is formed between the waterproof roll and the primary lining concrete after the cement slurry is solidified.

Waterproofing membrane with laid net cloth between the waterproof layer, net cloth passes through the cement nail and the metal layering is fixed waterproofing membrane surface, the waterproof layer coating is in the surface and the solidification of net cloth.

Waterproof roll fixes through the cement nail on the lining concrete of one time, dry-bond and the gland has waterproof roll at the position of nail hole waterproof roll's skin is including the position coating thick liquids that covers the nail hole and solidification formation waterproof layer.

The waterproof coiled material is padded with a metal pressing strip at the position where the cement nail is punched, the metal pressing strip is dry-bonded and is pressed with the waterproof coiled material, and the dry-bonded area only needs to cover the metal pressing strip 8 completely;

the waterproof roll material and still include wire net or net cloth between the waterproof layer, wire net or net cloth pass through cement nail and metal layering are fixed waterproof roll material is surperficial, the waterproof layer coating is in wire net or net cloth surface and solidification.

Still include through the cement nail is fixed template on the lining concrete once, waterproofing membrane lays and pastes the template on the surface, the template is the template of non-wall body, including but not limited to wooden template, plastic formwork, metal formwork or drain bar, the convex surface of drain bar is passed through the cement nail and is fixed on the lining concrete once.

Waterproofing membrane with still be equipped with net cloth between the waterproof layer, net cloth is laid waterproofing membrane surface, the waterproof layer coating is in the surface and the solidification of net cloth.

Still include to fix through the cement nail geotechnological cloth on once lining concrete surface, geotechnological cloth is located once lining concrete with between the waterproofing membrane.

Still including laying waterproofing membrane and the coating in the concrete cushion top at tunnel invert position waterproofing membrane surface top and the waterproof layer that the solidification formed, the precoat on waterproofing membrane upper layer with waterproof layer reaction bonds, secondary lining concrete is pour to waterproof layer's top.

The waterproof roll is characterized in that a mesh cloth is additionally arranged between the waterproof roll and the waterproof protective layer, and the waterproof protective layer is coated on the surface of the mesh cloth and is cured and molded.

After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the background art, the utility model, have following advantage:

1. the utility model discloses a waterproofing membrane can with concrete cushion, one lining concrete, perhaps form sealed bonding through protective layer and secondary lining concrete, compare in the waterproof board that other tunnel construction used, the sealed boundary layer of formation has played and has prevented scurrying the water effect.

2. The waterproof protective layer with the thickness of 3mm is applied to the surface of the waterproof coiled material, the waterproof protective layer can avoid the damage of subsequent construction operation to the waterproof coiled material at the bottom layer, and compared with the traditional method for paving the fine aggregate concrete to form the protective layer, the waterproof protective layer of the structure has the advantages that the protection effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost and the construction period cost can be saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an inverted arch region of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an inverted arch region of example 2;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the waterproof embodiment 1 for the arch wall part;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the waterproof embodiment 2 of the arch wall part;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the waterproof embodiment 3 of the arch wall part;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the waterproof embodiment 4 for the arch wall part;

fig. 7 and 10 are schematic structural views of a waterproof embodiment 5 of an arch wall part;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a waterproof embodiment 6 of an arch wall part;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a water-proofing embodiment 7 for arch wall portions;

1-waterproof roll 2-waterproof protective layer 3-mesh cloth 4-concrete cushion 5-primary lining concrete 6-bonding layer 7-cement nail 8-metal layering 9-steel wire mesh 10-template 11-geotextile 12-drainage plate

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The waterproof construction in undercut tunnel includes the waterproof construction at the inverted arch position of the waterproof construction at arch wall position (including the side wall on both sides and the vault at top) and bottom, wherein:

example 1 for waterproofing of inverted arch part

As shown in fig. 1, the waterproof structure at the inverted arch part comprises a waterproof roll material 1 laid above a concrete cushion layer 4 and a waterproof protective layer 2 coated above the surface of the waterproof roll material 1 and formed by curing, and secondary lining concrete is poured above the waterproof protective layer 2.

Waterproofing membrane 1 includes middle one deck child basic unit, establishes respectively at the sizing material layer of child basic unit both sides and lies in the outmost plastic film layer in both sides respectively, tears the plastic film layer of 1 the superiors of waterproofing membrane during the construction, and the sizing material layer of upside combines with 2 reactions of water proof layer, and the plastic film layer of 1 lower floor of waterproofing membrane remains, and the sizing material layer of downside does not contact with concrete cushion layer 4. Or the plastic films on the outmost layers of the two sides can be torn off, and the lower adhesive layer is wet-laid on the concrete cushion layer 4 through cement slurry.

Waterproof protective layer 2 with the thickness of 3mm is applied on the surface of waterproof roll 1, waterproof protective layer 2 is slurry prepared by using cement, fine aggregate, polymer and functional auxiliary as main components, the slurry is sprayed on the surface of a sizing material layer on the upper side of the waterproof roll on site, waterproof protective layer 2 is formed after curing, waterproof protective layer 2 not only plays a role in protecting a bottom waterproof layer, the waterproof roll can be prevented from being damaged by the construction of a subsequent tunnel bottom plate, but also waterproof protective layer 2 can be bonded with the waterproof rolls on two sides and secondary lining concrete respectively to form two sides, and the generated interface is sealed and has a good water channeling prevention function.

Example 2 for waterproofing of inverted arch part

As shown in fig. 2, the waterproof structure at the inverted arch position comprises a waterproof roll 1 laid above a concrete cushion 4, a mesh cloth 3 laid above the surface of the waterproof roll 1, and a waterproof protective layer 2 coated above the surface of the mesh cloth 3 and formed by curing, and secondary lining concrete is poured above the waterproof protective layer 2.

In this embodiment, on the basis of the above embodiment 1, a layer of mesh cloth 3 is additionally arranged between the waterproof roll 1 and the waterproof protective layer 2, the mesh cloth 3 not only plays a role of preventing cracking, but also when a constructor sprays the waterproof protective layer 2 on the surface of the waterproof roll on site, the glue on the surface of the waterproof roll can stick shoes of the constructor, which affects the construction, and after the layer of mesh cloth 3 is firstly paved, the constructor steps on the mesh cloth to construct, which can not stick the shoes; meanwhile, the mesh cloth can help constructors to control the thickness, and when the protective layer is constructed on the surface of the mesh cloth, the sprayed slurry is observed to cover the mesh cloth by eyes, which indicates that the sprayed thickness is about 3 mm.

It should be noted that if there is a drainage ditch at the bottom of the tunnel, the inverted arch part does not need to be waterproof, and it can be only waterproof at the arch wall part.

Example 1 for waterproofing arch wall part

For the conditions of the relatively flat and water-seepage-free arch wall base surface, as shown in fig. 3, the waterproof structure at the arch wall part comprises a waterproof roll material 1 which is wet-paved on the surface of primary lining concrete 5 and a waterproof protective layer 2 which is coated on the surface of the waterproof roll material 1 and is formed by curing, and secondary lining concrete is poured on the outer side of the waterproof protective layer 2.

The waterproof coiled material 1 is wet-laid on the primary lining concrete 5 through cement slurry, after the cement slurry is solidified, a Bonding layer 6 is formed between the waterproof coiled material 1 and the primary lining concrete 5, the waterproof coiled material 1 comprises a middle base layer and sizing material layers respectively arranged on two sides of the base layer, and in the cement solidification process, the sizing material layers on two sides can respectively form a tight Bonding interface with the primary lining concrete 5 and the waterproof protective layer 2 through the synergistic effect of Chemical Bonding and Physical mortise and tenon (CPS for short, see patent ZL912000114456. X previously granted by the applicant for details). And the waterproof protective layer 2 is tightly bonded with the post-poured secondary lining concrete.

Example 2 for waterproofing arch wall part

For the condition of a relatively flat and water-seepage-free base surface, as shown in fig. 4, the waterproof structure at the arch wall part comprises a waterproof roll material 1 which is wet-laid on the surface of primary lining concrete 5, a mesh cloth 3 which is nailed on the surface of the waterproof roll material 1, and a waterproof protective layer 2 which is coated on the surface of the mesh cloth 3 and is formed by curing, and secondary lining concrete is poured on the outer side of the waterproof protective layer 2.

A plurality of metal battens 8 are arranged on the surface of the gridding cloth 3 along the length direction of the tunnel, cement nails 7 are fixed by penetrating the metal battens 8 and the gridding cloth 3 through a nail gun, then slurry of a waterproof protective layer is sprayed on the surface of the gridding cloth 3, the waterproof protective layer 2 is formed by on-site solidification, and then secondary lining concrete is poured.

Example 3 for waterproofing arch wall part

For the condition of a relatively flat and water-permeable base surface, as shown in fig. 5, the waterproof structure at the arch wall part comprises a waterproof roll material 1 fixed on the surface of primary lining concrete 5 in a mechanical fixing mode and a waterproof protective layer 2 coated on the surface of the waterproof roll material 1 and formed by curing, and secondary lining concrete is poured on the outer side of the waterproof protective layer 2.

For the base surface condition with water seepage, the waterproof coiled material can not be paved by a wet paving method, so a plurality of metal battens 8 are arranged on the surface of the waterproof coiled material 1 along the length direction of the tunnel, cement nails 7 are penetrated through the metal battens 8 and the waterproof coiled material 1 by a nail gun and fixed on the arch wall, then slurry is sprayed on the surface of the waterproof coiled material 1, after the waterproof coiled material is cured into a waterproof protective layer 2 on site, secondary lining concrete is poured. The waterproof roll material with a certain area can be adhered on the position where the metal pressing strip 8 is arranged (the adhered area is only needed to cover the metal pressing strip 8), and then the waterproof roll material is sprayed with slurry to be solidified into the waterproof protective layer 2.

Or the metal pressing strip 8 is not padded, the cement nails 7 penetrate through the waterproof coiled material 1 and are fixed on the arch wall by a nail gun, in order to ensure that the nail holes are not seeped, the waterproof coiled material with the size of about 5cm x 5cm is fixed on the positions of the cement nails 7 in a dry bonding mode, and then the waterproof protective layer 2 is formed by spraying and curing slurry.

Example 4 waterproofing of arch wall part

For the conditions of a relatively flat and water-permeable base surface, as shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, a layer of steel wire mesh 9 is added on the basis of embodiment 3, the steel wire mesh 9 is fixed on the surface of the waterproof roll 1 through cement nails 7 and metal battens 8, then slurry is sprayed on the surface of the steel wire mesh 9, a waterproof protective layer 2 is formed after the slurry is cured, and secondary lining concrete is poured on the outer side of the waterproof protective layer 2. The steel wire mesh 9 can also be replaced by a mesh cloth 3.

Example 5 for waterproofing arch wall part

For the case that the base surface is uneven and has water seepage, as shown in fig. 7, the waterproof structure of the arch wall part comprises a template 10 fixed on the primary lining concrete 5, a waterproof roll 1 laid on the surface of the template 10 and a waterproof protective layer 2 coated on the outer surface of the waterproof roll 1 and formed by curing, and the secondary lining concrete is poured on the outer side of the waterproof protective layer 2.

The template 10 is fixed on the base surface of the primary lining concrete 5 through the cement nails 7 by using a nail gun, and the template 10 provides a flat paving surface for the waterproof coiled material, so that the waterproof coiled material can be well adhered to the fixed template 10, and leveling of the uneven primary lining concrete base surface is avoided.

Form 10 is a non-wall form, including but not limited to a wooden form, a plastic form, or a metal form (e.g., sheet iron/galvanized sheet iron), etc.

Template 10 can also adopt drain bar 12, as shown in fig. 10, drain bar 12 is a plurality of bellied cavity cylinders of making through the punching press by the plastic sheet material, thereby the back formation has a plurality of bellied surfaces, lean on the convex surface in one side of lining concrete 5 once, beat on the cavity cylinder bottom surface of convex surface through cement nail 7, the bottom surface and the concrete laminating of cavity cylinder are fixed mutually, drain bar 12's front is used for paving the waterproofing membrane, form the space of walking water between the cavity cylinder at its back, can arrange the rainwater of deriving fast, the water pressure of the waterproof layer that significantly reduces, reach the effect of manger plate simultaneously.

Example 6 for waterproofing arch wall part

For the case that the base surface is uneven and has water seepage, as shown in fig. 8, the waterproof structure of the arch wall portion in this embodiment is that a layer of mesh cloth 3 is added on the basis of embodiment 5, the mesh cloth 3 is laid on the surface of the waterproof roll 1, then the mesh cloth 3 is sprayed with cement slurry, after the slurry is cured, a waterproof protective layer 2 is formed, and the outer side of the waterproof protective layer 2 is poured with secondary lining concrete.

Example 7 for waterproofing arch wall part

As shown in fig. 9, in the case of relatively large water pressure, the waterproof structure of the arch wall portion of the present embodiment includes the geotextile 11 and the waterproof roll material 1 fixed on the surface of the primary lining concrete 5, and the waterproof protective layer 2 coated on the surface of the waterproof roll material 1 and formed by curing, and the secondary lining concrete is poured on the outer side of the waterproof protective layer 2.

Penetrate the metal layering 8 of penetrating pad on waterproofing membrane 1 surface with the nail rifle with cement nail 7 to fix waterproofing membrane 1 and geotechnological cloth 11 on encircleing the wall, geotechnological cloth 11 is located once between lining concrete 5 and waterproofing membrane 1, this embodiment is equivalent to add one deck geotechnological cloth 11 under the condition of embodiment 3, geotechnological cloth 11 has good water permeability and water guide performance, can inside form drainage channel, discharge the rivers of soil body structure to the escape canal of tunnel bottom, thereby reduce the water pressure in tunnel.

The utility model discloses waterproofing membrane 1 can adopt the patent that the present applicant applied for earlier: a tear-resistant anti-delamination waterproof roll (patent No. ZL 202022425235.9), a composite fiber reinforced double-sided adhesive waterproof roll (patent No. ZL 201820342178.8), a composite fiber reinforced single-sided adhesive waterproof roll (ZL 201820341655.9), a double-sided adhesive waterproof roll (patent No. ZL 201820342179.2) with high nail-bar tearing strength, and a single-sided adhesive waterproof roll (ZL 201820341390.2) with high nail-bar tearing strength.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a waterproof construction in undercut tunnel which characterized in that: including lay waterproofing membrane and the coating on the primary lining concrete at tunnel arch wall position waterproofing membrane's the outer waterproof layer that just solidifies and form of waterproofing membrane, secondary lining concrete is pour in the outside of waterproof layer.

2. A waterproof structure of an underground excavated tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the waterproof roll is wet-laid on the primary lining concrete through cement slurry, and a bonding layer is formed between the waterproof roll and the primary lining concrete after the cement slurry is solidified.

3. A waterproof structure of an underground excavated tunnel according to claim 2, wherein: waterproofing membrane with laid net cloth between the waterproof layer, net cloth passes through the cement nail and the metal layering is fixed waterproofing membrane surface, the waterproof layer coating is in the surface and the solidification of net cloth.

4. A waterproof structure of an underground excavated tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: waterproof roll fixes through the cement nail on the lining concrete of one time, dry-bond and the gland has waterproof roll at the position of nail hole waterproof roll's skin is including the position coating thick liquids that covers the nail hole and solidification formation waterproof layer.

5. The waterproof structure of an underground excavated tunnel according to claim 4, wherein: the waterproof coiled material is characterized in that a metal pressing strip is padded at the position where the cement nail is punched, the metal pressing strip is dry-bonded and is pressed with the waterproof coiled material, and the dry-bonded area only needs to cover the metal pressing strip completely;

the waterproof roll material and still include wire net or net cloth between the waterproof layer, wire net or net cloth pass through cement nail and metal layering are fixed waterproof roll material is surperficial, the waterproof layer coating is in wire net or net cloth surface and solidification.

6. The waterproof structure of an undercut tunnel of claim 1, wherein: still include the cement nail and pass through the cement nail is fixed template on the lining concrete once, waterproofing membrane is spread and is pasted on the surface of template, the template is the template of non-wall body, including but not limited to wooden template, plastic formwork, metal form or drain bar, the convex surface of drain bar passes through the cement nail and fixes on the lining concrete once.

7. A waterproof structure of an underground excavated tunnel according to claim 6, wherein: waterproofing membrane with still be equipped with net cloth between the waterproof layer, net cloth is laid waterproofing membrane surface, the waterproof layer coating is in the surface and the solidification of net cloth.

8. The waterproof structure of an undercut tunnel of claim 4, wherein: still include to fix through the cement nail the geotechnological cloth on once lining concrete surface, geotechnological cloth is located once lining concrete with between the waterproofing membrane.

9. A waterproof structure of an underground excavated tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: still including laying waterproofing membrane and the coating in the concrete cushion top at tunnel invert position waterproofing membrane surface top and the waterproof layer that the solidification formed, the precoat on waterproofing membrane upper layer with waterproof layer reaction bonds, secondary lining concrete is pour to waterproof layer's top.

10. A waterproof structure of an underground excavated tunnel according to claim 9, wherein: the waterproof roll is characterized in that a mesh cloth is additionally arranged between the waterproof roll and the waterproof protective layer, and the waterproof protective layer is coated on the surface of the mesh cloth and is formed by curing.

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