CN218603168U - Short circuit power-off protection circuit, power supply device and electric equipment - Google Patents
Short circuit power-off protection circuit, power supply device and electric equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN218603168U CN218603168U CN202222989800.3U CN202222989800U CN218603168U CN 218603168 U CN218603168 U CN 218603168U CN 202222989800 U CN202222989800 U CN 202222989800U CN 218603168 U CN218603168 U CN 218603168U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a short circuit power-off protection circuit, a power supply device and electric equipment, wherein the circuit comprises a series voltage division circuit, a switch circuit and a switch control circuit; the series voltage division circuit is formed by connecting a first resistor and a second resistor in series, a connecting node of the first resistor and the second resistor is connected with the control end of the switch circuit, and the working state of the switch circuit is controlled according to the voltage division value of the second resistor; the switch circuit is used for controlling the on-off of a power supply path between the power supply circuit and a load to be supplied with power, the power supply path is closed when the switch circuit is switched on, and the power supply path is disconnected when the switch circuit is switched off; and the switch control circuit is used for detecting the power supply state of the load end to be supplied with power, and when the short-circuit state of the load to be supplied with power is detected, the switch control circuit is controlled to be switched off so as to cut off the power supply path between the power supply circuit and the load to be supplied with power. The utility model discloses can in time prevent to cause the electric current too big and burn out sensitive components and parts and influence the normal work of system because of the short circuit, guarantee that the load is normal and stable work.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a protection circuit technical field especially relates to a short circuit power-off protection circuit and power supply unit, consumer.
Background
The short circuit protection of the main control circuit board is a necessary design for an industrial product. In order to avoid serious damage caused by short circuit of important parts of a hardware circuit, a short circuit power-off protection circuit needs to be designed to cut off a power supply source in time so as to prevent excessive current from continuously damaging sensitive precise components or even a whole circuit board.
In the prior art, a fuse is generally designed to realize short-circuit protection, when a circuit is short-circuited, short-circuit current is increased instantly, and the fuse is disconnected. Furthermore, the specification of the fuse is determined according to the short-circuit current, and only an approximate range and a loose upper limit threshold value are protected, so that the short-circuit protection cannot be realized accurately and reliably.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a short circuit power-off protection circuit and power supply unit, consumer to adopt the unable accurate problem that realizes short-circuit protection reliably of fuse among the solution prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a short circuit power-off protection circuit, which comprises a series voltage division circuit, a switch circuit and a switch control circuit;
the series voltage division circuit is formed by connecting a first resistor and a second resistor in series, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the output end of the power supply circuit, the other end of the second resistor is grounded, and a connecting node of the first resistor and the second resistor is connected with the control end of the switch circuit so as to control the working state of the switch circuit according to the voltage division value of the second resistor;
the switch circuit is connected to a power supply path between the power supply circuit and a load to be supplied with power and is used for controlling the on-off of the power supply path between the power supply circuit and the load to be supplied with power, the power supply path is closed when the switch circuit is switched on, and the power supply path is disconnected when the switch circuit is switched off;
the switch control circuit is connected with the control end of the switch circuit and used for detecting the power supply state of the end of the load to be supplied with power, and when the short circuit state of the load to be supplied with power is detected, the switch control circuit is controlled to be disconnected so as to cut off the power supply path between the power supply circuit and the load to be supplied with power.
Further, the switch circuit includes the MOS pipe, the grid G of MOS pipe is connected respectively as switch circuit ' S control end the switch control circuit to and the connected node of first resistance and second resistance, the source S of MOS pipe is connected with power supply circuit ' S output, the drain electrode D of MOS pipe with treat that power supply load connects, when power supply circuit ' S output appears the short-circuit state or switch control circuit detects and treats that power supply load appears the short-circuit state, the MOS pipe is in the off-state, and switch circuit breaks off.
Further, the switch control circuit comprises a triode, an emitting electrode of the triode is connected with an output end of the power supply circuit, a collecting electrode of the triode is connected with a grid electrode G of the MOS tube, a base electrode of the triode is connected with a power supply input end of a load to be supplied with power, the triode is switched on when the load to be supplied with power is in a short-circuit state, when the triode is switched on, a voltage difference between the grid electrode G and a source electrode S of the MOS tube is smaller than a switching-on voltage, the MOS tube is in a cut-off state, and the switch circuit is disconnected.
Further, the switch control circuit further comprises a third resistor, and the third resistor is connected in series between the base of the triode and the power supply input end of the load to be supplied with power.
Further, the switch control circuit further comprises a first filter circuit, and the first filter circuit is connected between the emitter of the triode and the base of the triode.
Further, the first filter circuit is implemented by a first filter capacitor.
Further, the short-circuit power-off protection circuit further comprises a fourth resistor, and the fourth resistor is connected between a connection node of the first resistor and the second resistor and the gate G of the MOS transistor.
Furthermore, the short circuit power-off protection circuit further comprises a second filter circuit, the second filter circuit is connected between the gate G and the source S of the MOS transistor, and the second filter circuit is implemented by a second filter capacitor.
Furthermore, the utility model also provides a power supply unit, include as above short circuit power-off protection circuit.
Furthermore, the utility model also provides an consumer, include as above short-circuit power-off protection circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the main advantage of technical scheme as follows:
the utility model provides a short circuit power-off protection circuit through at supply circuit source control supply voltage, carries out short circuit power-off protection design, can in time prevent to cause the electric current too big and burn out sensitive components and parts and influence system's normal work because of the short circuit, guarantees that the load is normal and stable work. Moreover, the utility model provides a design short circuit power-off protection circuit can carry out nimble adjustment according to the different demands of concrete project, can be applied to the short-circuit protection of various output voltage's power module or load, and the range of application is extensive. In addition, the circuit design idea reduces the system development cost and the after-sale cost, increases the system stability and has high commercial value.
The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the present invention is given.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a short circuit power-off protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a short circuit power-off protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It will be understood by those within the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-circuit power-off protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the short-circuit power-off protection circuit provided by this embodiment includes a series voltage dividing circuit 10, a switching circuit 20, and a switching control circuit 30, wherein;
the series voltage division circuit 10 is formed by connecting a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 in series, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the output end of the power supply circuit, the other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded, the connection node of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 is connected with the control end of the switch circuit 20 so as to control the working state of the switch circuit 20 according to the voltage division value of the second resistor R2, and the working state of the switch circuit 20 comprises on and off.
The switch circuit 20 is connected to a power supply path between the power supply circuit and a load to be supplied with power, and is used for controlling the on-off of the power supply path between the power supply circuit and the load to be supplied with power, wherein the power supply path is closed when the switch circuit 20 is switched on, and the power supply path is disconnected when the switch circuit 20 is switched off.
And the switch control circuit 30 is connected with the control end of the switch circuit 20 and is used for detecting the power supply state of the end of the load to be supplied with power, and when the short-circuit state of the load to be supplied with power is detected, the switch circuit 20 is controlled to be disconnected so as to cut off the power supply path between the power supply circuit and the load to be supplied with power.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the switch circuit 20 includes a MOS transistor Q2, a gate G of the MOS transistor Q2 is used as a control terminal of the switch circuit 20 and is connected to the switch control circuit 30, and a connection node of a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, a source S of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to an output terminal of the power supply circuit, a drain D of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the load to be supplied, and when the output terminal of the power supply circuit is in a short-circuit state or the switch control circuit 30 detects that the load to be supplied is in a short-circuit state, the MOS transistor Q2 is in a cut-off state, that is, the switch circuit 20 is disconnected.
As shown in fig. 2, the switch control circuit 30 includes a triode Q1, an emitter 1 of the triode Q1 is connected to an output terminal of the power supply circuit, a collector 3 of the triode Q1 is connected to a gate G of the MOS transistor Q2, a base 2 of the triode Q1 is connected to a power supply input terminal of the load to be powered, the triode Q1 is turned on when the load to be powered is in a short-circuit state, a voltage difference between the gate G and a source S of the MOS transistor Q2 is smaller than a turn-on voltage when the triode Q1 is turned on, and the MOS transistor Q2 is in a cut-off state, that is, the switch circuit 20 is turned off.
Further, the switch control circuit 30 further includes a third resistor R3, and the third resistor R3 is connected in series between the base 2 of the triode Q1 and the power supply input terminal of the load to be supplied with power.
Furthermore, the switch control circuit further comprises a first filter circuit, the first filter circuit is realized by adopting a first filter capacitor C1, and the first filter capacitor C1 is connected between the emitter 1 of the triode Q1 and the base 2 of the triode Q1.
The short-circuit power-off protection circuit further comprises a fourth resistor R4, wherein the fourth resistor R4 is connected between a connection node of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 and the gate G of the MOS transistor Q2.
Further, the short circuit power-off protection circuit further comprises a second filter circuit, wherein the second filter circuit is realized by a second filter capacitor C2, and the second filter capacitor C2 is connected between the grid G and the source S of the MOS transistor Q2.
Understandably, in the specific implementation process of the circuit, the MOS transistor Q2 can be replaced by a suitable triode Q1 or an optocoupler to implement the on-off control of the power supply path, and the utility model discloses do not specifically limit this.
The following is to the utility model provides a short circuit power-off protection circuit's realization principle specifically explains. The utility model provides a short circuit power-off protection circuit is short circuit automatic monitoring circuit, when treating the power supply rear end of power supply load and taking place the short circuit, switches on through triode Q1 and goes control MOS pipe Q2 to turn off to cut off power supply loop, reach protection system's purpose.
Specifically, when the circuit normally works, the triode Q1 is in a cut-off state, voltage passes through the divider resistors R1 and R2, the current-limiting resistor R4 comes to the grid G of the MOS tube Q2, the voltage of the source electrode S is greater than the voltage of the grid G, the MOS tube Q2 is conducted, normal power supply is realized, OUT output voltage is supplied to a rear-end load, and the system continuously and normally works.
When a power supply front-end circuit (power supply circuit) is in a short-circuit condition, the voltage of the output end INPUT of the power supply circuit is close to 0V, the triode Q1 and the MOS tube Q2 are in a cut-off state, the INPUT power supply loop is directly cut off, namely, the power supply loop is automatically cut off immediately after short circuit, therefore, the phenomenon that after short circuit, large current is continuously generated to damage sensitive components is avoided, the circuit board is protected, and the after-sale cost is reduced.
When a power supply back-end circuit (load to be supplied with power) has a short circuit condition, the voltage of the OUTPUT end is close to 0V, the triode Q1 is conducted, the voltage of the INTPUT end is led to the current-limiting resistor R4 end through the emitting electrode and the collecting electrode of the triode and then flows to the grid electrode of the MOS tube through the current-limiting resistor R4, the grid electrode and the source electrode are almost equal in voltage, and therefore the MOS tube Q2 is switched off and is in a cut-off state. When the rear-end load is in short circuit, the transistor Q1 is conducted to control the turn-off of the MOS tube Q2, so that the power supply OUTPUT loop is cut off, the purpose of automatically cutting off the power supply protection circuit in short circuit is achieved, and the hardware circuit and the load equipment of the whole system are protected.
The utility model provides a short-circuit power-off protection circuit can be used in any return circuit that needs short-circuit protection, for example power module and load, realize the on-off control to supply voltage, solve the short-circuit problem that causes because of reasons such as power module or components and parts load, avoid damaging the hardware circuit board, reduce economic loss. The maximum protection voltage threshold of different rated current values is controlled to the model that this circuit accessible was changed MOS pipe, through switching on and turn-off of triode Q1 and MOS pipe Q2, controls power supply output voltage value, avoids the loss that the short circuit caused, protection hardware circuit system.
Furthermore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a power supply unit is still provided, include as above embodiment short circuit power-off protection circuit.
Furthermore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a consumer, include as above embodiment short circuit outage protection circuit.
The utility model provides a short circuit power-off protection circuit, circuit structure is simple, can imbed into power supply unit (power module) or consumer (load) that need short-circuit protection, and the application is wide, and is with low costs, especially satisfies low-cost short-circuit protection's various application.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the main advantage of technical scheme as follows:
the utility model provides a short-circuit power-off protection circuit through at the power supply circuit source control supply voltage, carries out short-circuit power-off protection design, can in time prevent to cause the electric current too big and burn out sensitive components and parts and influence the normal work of system because of the short circuit, guarantees that the load is normal and stable work. Moreover, the utility model provides a design short circuit power-off protection circuit can carry out nimble adjustment according to the different demands of concrete project, can be applied to the short-circuit protection of various output voltage's power module or load, and the range of application is extensive. In addition, the circuit design idea reduces the system development cost and the after-sale cost, increases the system stability and has high commercial value.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that although some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, not others, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (10)
1. A short circuit power-off protection circuit is characterized by comprising a series voltage division circuit, a switch circuit and a switch control circuit;
the series voltage division circuit is formed by connecting a first resistor and a second resistor in series, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the output end of the power supply circuit, the other end of the second resistor is grounded, and a connecting node of the first resistor and the second resistor is connected with the control end of the switch circuit so as to control the working state of the switch circuit according to the voltage division value of the second resistor;
the switch circuit is connected to a power supply path between the power supply circuit and a load to be supplied with power and is used for controlling the on-off of the power supply path between the power supply circuit and the load to be supplied with power, the power supply path is closed when the switch circuit is switched on, and the power supply path is disconnected when the switch circuit is switched off;
the switch control circuit is connected with the control end of the switch circuit and used for detecting the power supply state of the end of the load to be supplied with power, and when the short circuit state of the load to be supplied with power is detected, the switch control circuit is controlled to be disconnected so as to cut off the power supply path between the power supply circuit and the load to be supplied with power.
2. The short-circuit power-off protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switching circuit includes a MOS transistor, the gate G of the MOS transistor is connected to the switching control circuit as the control terminal of the switching circuit, and the connection node of the first resistor and the second resistor, the source S of the MOS transistor is connected to the output terminal of the power supply circuit, the drain D of the MOS transistor is connected to the load to be powered, and when the output terminal of the power supply circuit is in a short-circuit state or the switching control circuit detects that the load to be powered is in a short-circuit state, the MOS transistor is in a cut-off state, and the switching circuit is turned off.
3. The short-circuit power-off protection circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the switch control circuit comprises a triode, an emitter of the triode is connected with an output end of the power supply circuit, a collector of the triode is connected with a gate G of the MOS transistor, a base of the triode is connected with a power supply input end of a load to be powered, the triode is turned on when the load to be powered is in a short-circuit state, a voltage difference between the gate G and a source S of the MOS transistor is smaller than a turn-on voltage when the triode is turned on, the MOS transistor is in a turn-off state, and the switch circuit is turned off.
4. The short-circuit shutdown protection circuit of claim 3, wherein the switch control circuit further comprises a third resistor connected in series between the base of the transistor and a power supply input of a load to be powered.
5. The short circuit protection circuit of claim 3, wherein the switch control circuit further comprises a first filter circuit coupled between the emitter of the transistor and the base of the transistor.
6. The short circuit outage protection circuit of claim 5, wherein the first filtering circuit is implemented with a first filtering capacitor.
7. The short circuit shutdown protection circuit of any one of claims 2 to 6, further comprising a fourth resistor connected between a connection node of the first and second resistors and the gate G of the MOS transistor.
8. The short-circuit power-off protection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, further comprising a second filter circuit connected between the gate G and the source S of the MOS transistor, wherein the second filter circuit is implemented by a second filter capacitor.
9. A power supply device characterized by comprising the short-circuit shutdown protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An electric device comprising the short-circuit shutdown protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222989800.3U CN218603168U (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Short circuit power-off protection circuit, power supply device and electric equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222989800.3U CN218603168U (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Short circuit power-off protection circuit, power supply device and electric equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218603168U true CN218603168U (en) | 2023-03-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222989800.3U Active CN218603168U (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Short circuit power-off protection circuit, power supply device and electric equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218603168U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-11-09 CN CN202222989800.3U patent/CN218603168U/en active Active
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