CN218599925U - Ventilation and smoke exhaust channel for underground factory building during construction period - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ventilation and smoke exhaust channel for underground factory building construction period. The underground workshop comprises a main workshop cavern and an auxiliary workshop cavern, a main transformer chamber, a tail water surge chamber and a tail water cavern, wherein the cavern group with each altitude is formed by the tail water caverns; arranging a smoke exhaust vertical shaft at the high altitude of each cavern, and arranging an air inlet at the low altitude of the other end of the cavern to form a smoke exhaust channel from low altitude to high altitude; the upper and lower adjacent caverns with longitudinal vertical cross ends are provided with a smoke exhaust vertical shaft which penetrates through the upper cavern from the lower cavern, and the other ends of the lower cavern are provided with air inlets to form a smoke exhaust channel from low to high altitude. The ventilation and smoke exhaust channel of the utility model does not need to arrange an air draft fan additionally, the air pipe of the air feeder has small length, the position of the air pipe does not need to be moved at any time, only one-time installation and dismantling process is needed, and the construction cost is low; smoke discharge is not influenced by excavation of surrounding caverns and power supply fluctuation; can realize effectively ventilating and discharging fume, guarantee the inside air quality of underground cavern.

Description

Ventilation and smoke exhaust channel for underground factory building during construction period

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering construction, especially underground factory building construction design technical field among the hydraulic and hydroelectric construction, concretely relates to ventilation smoke exhaust channel of underground factory building construction phase.

Background

In the engineering construction of large hydropower stations, during the excavation construction of large underground powerhouse cavern groups, the underground cavern groups need to utilize a large number of large fans to perform forced air supply and air extraction so as to ensure the quality of air in the caverns.

At present, air pipes are generally adopted to connect air supply and air draft fans to underground cavern explosion points so as to achieve the ventilation and smoke exhaust effects. As the sections of the caverns in the cavern group of the large underground plant are large, and the number of blasting points is large, more dust is generated by blasting, the spreading range is large, the power of a fan is required to be high, and the ventilation and smoke dissipation time is longer, so that the continuous construction and danger elimination are not facilitated; meanwhile, the caverns in the cavern group of the large underground plant are elongated, an air supply and exhaust fan is connected to a blasting point by adopting an air pipe to ventilate scattered smoke, the needed air pipe is long and needs to be adjusted in length in real time according to the blasting progress, the air pipe purchasing cost is high, and the repeated installation and dismantling process is multiple; and because the cavern in large-scale underground powerhouse cavern crowd is many, and the excavation time limit is close, and every cavern all arranges air supply and exhaust fan and will lead to that the fan purchase quantity is big, and purchase, working costs are high.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model discloses a not enough according to prior art discloses an underground factory building construction period ventilation and smoke exhaust passageway. The utility model discloses a execute and do underground ventilation and discharge fume the flat hole and the shaft as smoke exhaust channel, utilize fan forced air supply and smoke exhaust channel to discharge fume, solve the problem that large-scale underground factory building cavern crowd excavation air supply is discharged fume the cost big, fan work influence range is little.

The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:

a ventilation and smoke exhaust channel of an underground factory building in a construction period comprises a main and auxiliary factory building cavern, a main transformer chamber, a tail water surge chamber and a tail water cavern, wherein the cavern group with each altitude is formed by the tail water cavern; the method is characterized in that: arranging a smoke exhaust vertical shaft at the high altitude of each cavern, and arranging an air inlet at the low altitude of the other end of the cavern to form a smoke exhaust channel from low altitude to high altitude; the upper and lower adjacent chambers with longitudinal and vertical crossing ends are provided with smoke exhaust vertical shafts which penetrate through the upper chamber from the lower chamber, and the other ends of the lower chamber are provided with air inlets to form smoke exhaust channels from low to high altitude.

The other end of each movable chamber is provided with an air inlet to form a smoke exhaust channel from low to high altitude.

The shaft of discharging fume and the hole section diameter of discharging fume are 2.0m.

The utility model discloses profitability: the utility model discloses ventilation and smoke exhaust channel need not to arrange the induced draft fan separately, and forced draught blower tuber pipe length is little, need not to remove the tuber pipe position at any time, only needs once installation and demolition process, and construction convenience, construction cost is low; after construction and formation, smoke discharge is not influenced by excavation of surrounding caverns and power supply fluctuation; the utility model discloses ventilation smoke exhaust channel can realize effectively ventilating and discharging fume to large-scale underground cavern crowd during excavation, guarantees the inside air quality of underground cavern, and construction resources drops into lowly, reduces the cost of discharging fume that ventilates.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an elevation view of a smoke evacuation shaft in embodiment 4 of the present invention.

In the figure, 4# is a smoke exhaust vertical shaft, A is a left onshore dam traffic tunnel, B is a wellhead expanding excavation section, C is an expanding excavation section, D is a ventilation safety tunnel, and E is a diversion lower horizontal tunnel.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments, which are intended to illustrate the principles of the present invention without limiting the present invention in any way, and the present invention is not beyond the scope of the present invention.

The utility model discloses raise boring machine parameter and exhaust air mass flow demand are fully considered to the discharge flue, get the circular section for diameter 2.0m, can adopt LM-200 type raise boring machine to expand once and dig taking shape, and the construction is simple and convenient. The smoke exhaust channel is arranged on one side of the cavern and communicated with the outside of the plant, and meanwhile, a fan is arranged on the other side of the cavern to supply air forcibly. Forced air supply is carried out from one side, smoke is discharged from the smoke discharge channel from the other side, and accordingly ventilation circulation is formed, the dust forms convection along with the channel to accelerate ventilation circulation, and circulation deposition of the dust in the cavern is prevented. The required length of air supply fan tuber pipe is short, need not instant removal and arranges the position, only needs once to install and demolish the process, greatly reduces the expense input. The exhaust fan is replaced by the smoke exhaust channel, and the exhaust fan does not need to be arranged.

There is the construction branch hole in the equal both sides in main and auxiliary factory building hole, main room, tail water surge-chamber, arranges the ventilation shaft in two construction branch holes exhaust in the hole and extend to the massif is outer, arranges the fan air supply at the opposite side simultaneously. The air is supplied to the air exhaust hole from the side of the air inlet hole to form continuous and stable convection to drive the dust in the hole to flow to one side of the air exhaust hole; the air exhaust hole is higher in arrangement elevation and is generally arranged on the vault of the cavern; the air supply fan is low in elevation and is generally arranged at the elevation of excavation; the whole forms an ascending airflow from bottom to top. The air flow drives the dust to flow into the exhaust hole, and then the dust is exhausted to the outside from the ventilation vertical shaft through the trend of ascending air current.

The ventilation and smoke exhaust channel in the construction period of the underground powerhouse of a hydropower station in a certain ditch is taken as an example for the following description.

A diversion power generation system of a certain ditch hydropower station mainly comprises an underground cavern, a main and auxiliary plant cavern, a main transformer chamber, a tail water surge chamber and a tail water cavern. The design of a smoke exhaust channel structure is adopted to arrange 6 smoke exhaust vertical shafts and 1 smoke exhaust horizontal hole in total from 1# -6 #. The construction effect proves that the smoke exhaust channel structure not only improves the construction operation environmental conditions of the underground cavern, but also ensures the health of constructors and the construction progress.

The No. 1 smoke exhaust vertical shaft is arranged at the intersection end of the plant wind inlet tunnel and the main and auxiliary plant tunnel and extends upwards to a smoke exhaust horizontal tunnel, and the diameter of the smoke exhaust vertical shaft is 2.0m.

The 2# smoke exhaust vertical shaft is arranged at the crossed end of the plant wind inlet tunnel and the main transformer tunnel and extends upwards to a smoke exhaust horizontal tunnel with the diameter of 2.0m.

The No. 3 smoke exhaust vertical shaft is arranged at the intersection end of the wind inlet tunnel and the tail water surge chamber of the plant and extends upwards to a smoke exhaust horizontal tunnel, and the diameter of the smoke exhaust vertical shaft is 2.0m.

The No. 4 smoke exhaust vertical shaft is divided into an upper section and a lower section, the lower half section is arranged below water diversion, a horizontal tunnel construction branch tunnel extends upwards to a ventilation and safety tunnel expanding excavation horizontal tunnel, and the diameter of the horizontal tunnel construction branch tunnel is 2.0m; the upper half section is extended to a left onshore dam traffic hole from a ventilation and safety hole expanded excavation flat hole, and the diameter of the ventilation and safety hole is 2.0m.

The No. 5 smoke exhaust shaft is arranged in a smoke exhaust horizontal hole and extends upwards to a left quay cable crane platform traffic hole, and the diameter of the smoke exhaust vertical shaft is 2.0m.

The No. 6 smoke exhaust vertical shaft is arranged in the No. 1 construction branch hole of the tail water and extends upwards to the tail adjusting connecting hole, and the diameter of the smoke exhaust vertical shaft is 2.0m.

The horizontal arrangement of the smoke-discharging flat hole is communicated with 1#, 2#, 3#, and 5# smoke-discharging vertical shafts, which are of an urban door hole type 5.0m multiplied by 5.0m.

The steps of the excavation and forming of the smoke discharging vertical shaft and the smoke discharging horizontal tunnel are as follows:

(1) The smoke-discharging level tunnel is formed by adopting full-section blasting excavation;

(2) The smoke discharging vertical shaft is constructed by adopting an LM-200 type raise boring machine, the diameter of the section of the vertical shaft is 2.0m, a guide hole with the diameter of 216mm is firstly constructed to the lower opening of the vertical shaft, and then a reaming drill bit with the diameter of 2000mm is replaced to perform backward upward reaming. The smoke exhausting vertical shaft discharges slag from the lower cavity. After deslagging is finished, firstly, pouring a well ring at the upper opening of the well, arranging a protective grate at the upper opening of the well ring, welding and connecting the periphery of the grate with the embedded steel bars of the well ring, and pouring C20 concrete for fixation. After the upper part is fixed, danger elimination construction below the well mouth is carried out, 5C 25L =3m steel bars are arranged on the periphery of the well mouth after construction, a steel bar grate at the lower mouth is installed, and the grate is welded and connected with the steel bars, so that the use safety of the vertical shaft is ensured.

Taking the 4# smoke exhaust shaft as an example, the construction method of the smoke exhaust shaft is shown in fig. 1.

The main and auxiliary plant holes, the main transformer chamber and the tail water surge chamber of the hydropower station in a certain ditch are respectively provided with 1#, 2# and 3# smoke discharging vertical shafts in the intersecting end heads of the plant wind inlet hole and the tunnel, and the elevation is the top arch part of the tunnel; and arranging a fan for air supply at the side of the incoming traffic tunnel, wherein the air supply fan descends layer by layer along with the excavation elevation. The whole forms an ascending airflow from bottom to top.

The tail water tunnel smoke exhaust vertical shaft is arranged in the top layer excavation construction branch tunnel and extends out of the mountain body, and the elevation is located at the highest position. And arranging an air supply fan in the tailwater tunnel, wherein the air supply fan is arranged at the height of the excavation and descends layer by layer along with the height of the excavation. The whole body forms ascending air flow from bottom to top, the air flow drives the dust to flow into the top layer excavation construction branch tunnel, and then the dust is discharged to the outside from the ventilation vertical shaft through the trend of the ascending air flow.

Claims (3)

1. A ventilation and smoke exhaust channel for an underground workshop in a construction period comprises a main workshop chamber, an auxiliary workshop chamber, a main transformation chamber, a tail water surge chamber and a tail water chamber, wherein the main workshop chamber, the auxiliary workshop chamber, the tail water surge chamber and the tail water chamber form a chamber group with each altitude; the method is characterized in that: arranging a smoke exhaust vertical shaft at the high altitude of each cavern, and arranging an air inlet at the low altitude of the other end of the cavern to form a smoke exhaust channel from low altitude to high altitude; the upper and lower adjacent caverns with longitudinal vertical cross ends are provided with a smoke exhaust vertical shaft which penetrates through the upper cavern from the lower cavern, and the other ends of the lower cavern are provided with air inlets to form a smoke exhaust channel from low to high altitude.

2. The ventilation and smoke evacuation channel for the underground powerhouse during construction according to claim 1, wherein: the other end of each movable chamber is provided with an air inlet to form a smoke exhaust channel from low to high altitude.

3. The ventilation and smoke evacuation channel for the underground powerhouse in the construction period as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the section diameters of the smoke exhaust vertical shaft and the smoke exhaust flat tunnel are both 2.0m.

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