CN218539829U - Coaxial nozzle for laser cladding - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a coaxial shower nozzle for laser cladding belongs to the technical field of laser cladding equipment, including laser cladding shower nozzle mechanism, laser cladding shower nozzle mechanism includes the shower nozzle body, this internal laser channel that is provided with of shower nozzle, first annular channel and second annular channel, be provided with first spiral pipeline in the first annular channel, first spiral pipeline bottom is provided with four leak protection mouths, is provided with the second spiral pipeline in the second annular channel, and second spiral pipeline bottom is provided with four air nozzles, through the utility model discloses, realized when laser irradiation, with the structure transmission powder and the protective gas of double helix, changed traditional sharp form channel design, improved the density and the homogeneity in powder flow field to improve and clad the effect, and at the in-process of switching shower nozzle position, can not have the residual powder and can spill, effectually avoided contacting with uncooled liquid metal layer, and caused the surface unevenness of tectorial membrane.

Description

Coaxial nozzle for laser cladding

Technical Field

The utility model mainly relates to the technical field of laser cladding equipment, in particular to a coaxial nozzle for laser cladding.

Background

Laser cladding, also known as laser cladding or laser cladding, is a new surface modification technology, which forms a metallurgically bonded filler cladding layer on the surface of a base layer by adding cladding material on the surface of a base material and fusing the cladding material and a thin layer of the surface of the base material together by using a high-energy-density laser beam, and the cladding process comprises the following steps: laser cladding can be roughly divided into two main categories according to the supply mode of cladding materials, namely preset laser cladding and synchronous laser cladding, wherein the preset laser cladding is to place the cladding materials on the cladding position on the surface of a base material in advance, then laser beam irradiation scanning melting is adopted, the cladding materials are added in the form of powder or wires, the powder form is the most common mode, the synchronous laser cladding is to synchronously send the powder or wire type cladding materials into a molten pool through a nozzle in the cladding process, and the cladding materials are added in the form of powder or wires, wherein the powder form is the most common mode.

The physical process of laser cladding comprises the following steps: under the irradiation of high-energy laser beams, the surface of a base material is rapidly melted, liquid metal forms a small-scale molten pool, then in the molten pool, original metal materials and added powder are mixed with each other to form a new liquid metal layer, the liquid metal is rapidly cooled, a new solid cladding layer can be formed on the metal surface, in the existing laser cladding process, two spray heads are needed to cooperate simultaneously, a main shaft transmits the laser beams, a paraxial powder is sprayed, and the paraxial powder is sprayed only on one side of the lower end of the main shaft, so that the uneven powder spraying is caused, the uneven powder spraying is not beneficial to the surface processing of a curved surface, in the process of switching the positions of the spray heads, the residual powder in the paraxial powder can leak, the uncooled liquid metal layer contacts, and the uneven surface of a coating is caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses technical scheme is too single technical problem to prior art solution, provides showing the solution that is different from prior art, specifically the utility model mainly provides a coaxial shower nozzle for laser cladding for solve the technical problem who proposes in the above-mentioned background art.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem adopted does:

the coaxial nozzle for laser cladding comprises a laser cladding nozzle mechanism, wherein the laser cladding nozzle mechanism comprises a nozzle body, a laser channel, a first annular channel and a second annular channel are arranged in the nozzle body, the second annular channel is located on the periphery of the first annular channel, a first spiral pipeline is arranged in the first annular channel, the upper end of the first spiral pipeline is open, the lower end of the first spiral pipeline is closed, the lower side of the circle at the bottom of the first spiral pipeline is in a horizontal state, four leakage-proof nozzles are arranged on the circle at the bottom of the first spiral pipeline in an equidistant surrounding mode, each leakage-proof nozzle comprises a venturi tube and an external member, the venturi tube and the external member are in meshing connection, a support frame and a spring on the upper side of the support frame are arranged in each external member, a plug is arranged at the upper end of each spring, a second spiral pipeline is arranged in the second annular channel, the upper end of the second spiral pipeline is open, the lower end of the second spiral pipeline is closed, the lower side of the circle at the bottom of the second spiral pipeline is in a horizontal state, four air nozzles are arranged on the circle at the bottom of the second spiral pipeline in an equidistant surrounding mode, the lower end of the second spiral pipeline, the air nozzles face the lower end of the external member and point to the lower end of the nozzle of the body.

Furthermore, a first protective lens and a focusing lens are arranged at the position, close to the upper end, of the inner cavity of the laser channel, and the focusing lens is located below the first protective lens.

Furthermore, a second protective lens is arranged at the position, close to the lower end, of the inner cavity of the laser channel.

Furthermore, the opening position of the upper end of the first spiral pipeline is connected with a feeding interface through a pipeline.

Furthermore, an opening position at the upper end of the second spiral pipeline is connected with an air inlet connector through a pipeline.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

the utility model discloses a first annular channel that sets up, the second annular channel, first helical pipeline, the second helical pipeline, feeding interface and air inlet interface, realized when high energy laser beam's shining, structure transmission powder and shielding gas with double helix, traditional sharp form channel design has been changed, the density and the homogeneity in powder flow field have been improved, thereby the tension in laser molten bath has been improved, the melting proportion, a series of cladding results such as cladding height, and by the leak protection mouth, the venturi tube spare, the external member, a support frame, a spring, mutually support between end cap and the air nozzle, at the in-process that switches the shower nozzle position, cut off the transport to the powder, make can not have in the first annular pipeline to remain the powder and can spill, the effectual liquid metal layer contact of having avoided with uncooled, and cause the problem of the surface injustice of tectorial membrane.

The present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inner structure of the nozzle body according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the area of fig. 2A.

In the figure: 1. a laser cladding nozzle mechanism; 11. a nozzle body; 111. a laser channel; 112. a first annular channel; 113. a second annular channel; 12. a first protective lens; 13. a focusing lens; 14. a second protective lens; 15. a first helical conduit; 16. a second helical conduit; 17. a leakage-proof nozzle; 171. a venturi element; 172. a kit; 173. a support frame; 174. a spring; 175. a plug; 18. an air nozzle; 2. a feed interface; 3. an air inlet interface; 4. a substrate; 5. and (4) cladding the layer.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which several embodiments of the present invention are shown, but the present invention can be implemented in different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text, and on the contrary, these embodiments are provided so as to make the disclosure more thorough and complete.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may be present, and when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present, as the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and the like are used herein for descriptive purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, and the use of the term knowledge in the specification of the present invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention, and the term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a coaxial nozzle for laser cladding includes a laser cladding nozzle mechanism 1, where the laser cladding nozzle mechanism 1 includes a nozzle body 11, a laser channel 111, a first annular channel 112, and a second annular channel 113 are disposed in the nozzle body 11, the second annular channel 113 is located at the periphery of the first annular channel 112, a first spiral pipe 15 is disposed in the first annular channel 112, an upper end of the first spiral pipe 15 is open, a lower end of the first spiral pipe is closed, a lower side of a circle at the bottom of the first spiral pipe 15 is in a horizontal state, four anti-leakage nozzles 17 are disposed on the circle at the bottom of the first spiral pipe 15 at equal intervals, each anti-leakage nozzle 17 includes a venturi tube 171 and a sleeve 172, the venturi tube 171 and the sleeve 172 are connected in a meshing manner, a support frame 173 and a spring 174 disposed on the upper side of the support frame 173 are disposed in each sleeve 172, a plug 175 is disposed on an upper end of each spring 174, a second spiral pipe 16 is disposed in the second annular channel 113, an upper end of the second spiral pipe 16 is open, a lower end of the second spiral pipe is in a state, and a lower end of the second spiral pipe 18 is adjacent to the lower end of the nozzle 18, and the nozzle 18 is directed toward the lower end of the second spiral pipe 18.

According to the structure, the laser cladding nozzle mechanism 1 is adopted, so that the double-spiral structure is used for transferring powder and shielding gas during irradiation of high-energy laser beams, the traditional linear channel design is changed, and the density and uniformity of a powder flow field are improved, so that a series of cladding results such as the tension, the melting proportion, the cladding height and the like of a laser molten pool are improved, no residual powder can leak out in the process of switching the position of the nozzle, and the problem that the surface of a coated film is uneven due to contact with an uncooled liquid metal layer is effectively avoided;

the specific operation is as follows, firstly, whether each device on the nozzle body 11 has damage or not is determined, after no damage is ensured, a high-energy laser beam is irradiated to the surface of the base material 4 through the laser channel 111 in the nozzle body 11, so that the surface of the base material 4 is rapidly melted, liquid metal forms a small-scale molten pool, meanwhile, powder and shielding gas are respectively sprayed out from the leakage-proof nozzle 17 and the air nozzle 18 through the first spiral pipeline 15 and the second spiral pipeline 16, and the plug 175 is moved downwards by the impact force of the powder, the spring 174 is compressed, then in the molten pool, the metal material and the added powder are mixed with each other to form a new liquid metal layer, after the laser beam passes through, the temperature of the molten pool is reduced, a new solid cladding layer 5 is formed on the metal surface when the liquid metal is rapidly cooled, the powder conveying is disconnected in the process of switching to the next position, at this time, the powder cannot punch the plug 175, the spring 174 pushes the plug 175 to reset, the outlet of the powder is closed, so that residual powder cannot be contacted with the uncooled to the non-cooled liquid metal surface of the coating film.

Please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a first protective lens 12 and a focusing lens 13 are disposed at a position close to an upper end of an inner cavity of the laser channel 111, the focusing lens 13 is disposed below the first protective lens 12, a second protective lens 14 is disposed at a position close to a lower end of the inner cavity of the laser channel 111, the first protective lens 12 and the second protective lens 14 protect the focusing lens 13 to avoid pollution, and an opening position at an upper end of the first spiral pipeline 15 is connected to the feeding port 2 through a pipeline. Through feeding interface 2, realized the access to transportation powder pipeline, the open position of 16 upper ends of second spiral pipeline has air inlet 3 through the pipe connection, through air inlet 3, has realized the access to transportation protection gas pipeline.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, if the method and the technical solution of the present invention are adopted, the present invention can be directly applied to other occasions without substantial improvement, and the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A coaxial nozzle for laser cladding comprises a laser cladding nozzle mechanism (1), and is characterized in that the laser cladding nozzle mechanism (1) comprises a nozzle body (11), a laser channel (111), a first annular channel (112) and a second annular channel (113) are arranged in the nozzle body (11), the second annular channel (113) is located on the periphery of the first annular channel (112), a first spiral pipeline (15) is arranged in the first annular channel (112), the upper end of the first spiral pipeline (15) is open, the lower end of the first spiral pipeline is closed, the lower side of the bottom ring of the first spiral pipeline (15) is in a horizontal state, four leakage-proof nozzles (17) are arranged on the bottom ring of the first spiral pipeline (15) in an equidistant surrounding manner, each leakage-proof nozzle (17) comprises a Venturi tube (171) and a sleeve member (172), the Venturi tube (171) and the sleeve member (172) are in a meshing connection, a support frame (173) and a spring (174) on the upper side of the support frame (173) are arranged in each sleeve member (172), the upper end of each spring (174) is arranged on the upper end of the second spiral pipeline (16), the second spiral pipeline (16) is in a closed state, and a circle of the bottom of the second spiral pipeline (16) is provided with four air nozzles (18) in an encircling manner at equal intervals, and the lower end of each air nozzle (18) faces to the lower end of the adjacent sleeve member (172) and points to the lower end of the sprayer body (11).

2. The coaxial nozzle for laser cladding as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first protective lens (12) and a focusing lens (13) are disposed in the inner cavity of the laser channel (111) near the upper end, and the focusing lens (13) is located below the first protective lens (12).

3. The coaxial nozzle for laser cladding as claimed in claim 2, wherein a second protective lens (14) is arranged in the inner cavity of the laser channel (111) near the lower end.

4. The coaxial nozzle for laser cladding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the opening position of the upper end of the first spiral pipe (15) is connected with a feeding interface (2) through a pipe.

5. The coaxial nozzle for laser cladding according to claim 1, wherein an opening position of an upper end of the second spiral pipe (16) is connected with the gas inlet interface (3) through a pipe.

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