CN218481351U - Impact pulse generator and impact test bench - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of impact experimental equipment, and discloses an impact pulse generator and an impact test bed.A mounting base and a container cylinder body are of an integral structure, the container cylinder body is of a cylindrical structure, and the mounting base is arranged outside the barrel bottom of the container cylinder body; the inside piston that is provided with of container cylinder body, the bung hole position of container cylinder body installs the gland, and piston outer end intermediate junction has the guide bar, the guide bar outer end passes in the middle of last gland and is connected with the rubber and strikes the head, the rubber strikes the head and is located the container cylinder body outside. The utility model discloses impulse generator's use can greatly make things convenient for impulse test's operation and data acquisition, and impulse generator is once strikeed in the installation, just can accomplish all test sample's three kinds of classic impulse tests, and the switching can be adjusted to the wave form, and experimental intensity also can be adjusted as required, has saved a large amount of test time human cost.

Description

Impact pulse generator and impact test bench

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of strike experimental facilities, especially, relate to an impact pulse generator and impact test platform.

Background

Impact tests are mainly used to determine the ability of electrical and electronic components, devices and other products to withstand non-repeated mechanical impacts during use and transportation, to evaluate their suitability to impact environments and structural integrity, and then to test their internal strength for microelectronic devices. Impact testing can also be used as a means of satisfactory design and quality control of the product. In the process, the test conditions of the impact test method are mainly determined by parameters such as basic pulse waveform, peak acceleration D, impact pulse duration T and the like.

The national standard GB2423 states that when a test article is loaded on an impact tester and a clamp, the impact pulse applied to a detection point is the following three basic pulse waveforms, namely a half-sine impact pulse, a rear-peak sawtooth impact pulse and a trapezoidal impact pulse. The magnitude of the peak acceleration can intuitively reflect the magnitude of the impact force applied to the product. The structure of the electrical and electronic products is a linear system, even a nonlinear system. In the case of not much strain, a linear system can also be considered. Therefore, the response acceleration generated after the product is impacted is proportional to the excitation acceleration, that is, the larger the peak acceleration D is, the larger the damage to the product is. The shock pulse duration T refers to the time interval during which the acceleration is maintained at a specified peak acceleration rate. The impact duration has a complex effect on the product and is related to the natural period of the system under test.

At present, the basic pulse waveform, the half-sine impact pulse, the back-peak sawtooth impact pulse and the trapezoid impact pulse specified in the national standard GB2423 are mainly realized by adopting the following methods: a device for forming half sine impact pulse, a back peak sawtooth pulse forming device and a trapezoidal pulse forming device.

In the field of the existing impact test, an impact test table is developed very quickly and is various in types, and the impact test table is divided into a pneumatic impact table, a hydraulic impact table, an electromagnetic impact table and the like in form, but a matched classical impact pulse generator is developed slowly and mainly shows that the means is single and can not be interchanged, and the traditional impact test table is still under the common condition that one device can only generate one classical impact pulse and various devices can not be used universally. Meanwhile, the lead-containing product is inconvenient to use, has more limitation conditions and the like, for example, rubber, high-strength plastic and the like belong to consumables, have low repeated utilization rate and poor waveform repeatability, are cast with lead blocks, lead cones, honeycomb pyramids and other materials which can only be used once, need to be processed and manufactured again after being damaged, have complex process, and are not beneficial to environmental protection in the manufacturing and processing of lead-containing products. In addition, too many impact table configuration accessories cause high labor intensity of experiment operators.

In an actual impact test, a product is often subjected to three classic impact pulse tests at the same time, test operators need to prepare impact pulse generators with various specifications, such as a half-sine waveform, felt pads, rubber pads, cowhide pads and the like, the thicknesses of the impact pulse generators are also various, various combinations of the impact pulse generators are combined, and dozens of half-sine waveform cushion pads are needed; when the rear peak sawtooth-shaped impact pulse is made, the most common lead cone is prepared, a large number of lead cones are prepared in advance, the lead cones can be used only once and are destructive, the lead cones are re-processed and made after being used, and the cost is high and the efficiency is low in both time cost and labor cost; when trapezoidal impact pulse is carried out, the longest used gas waveform generator is specially made, and the installation and the use are both troublesome; and the three waveforms are used alternately for different test samples, three tests need to be performed alternately when the test samples are installed once, and three test procedures need to be replaced when the test samples are replaced, so that great time and personnel waste is often caused.

Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:

the traditional classic impact pulse generator for the impact test bed can only generate one classic impact pulse, various devices cannot be used universally, the use is inconvenient, and the limitation conditions are more; and the repeated utilization rate of the consumable is low, the waveform repeatability is poor, and the manufacturing and processing of the lead-containing product are not beneficial to environmental protection. In addition, too many impact table configuration accessories cause high labor intensity of experiment operators.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides an impact pulse generator and impact test platform.

The utility model discloses a realize like this, an impact pulse generator is provided with:

installing a base and a container cylinder body;

the mounting base and the container cylinder body are of an integral structure, the container cylinder body is of a cylindrical structure, container gas is filled in the container cylinder body, and the mounting base is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the container cylinder body;

the inside piston that is provided with of container cylinder body, the bung hole position of container cylinder body installs the gland, piston outer end intermediate junction has the guide bar, the guide bar outer end passes in the middle of last gland and is connected with the rubber and strikes the head, the rubber strikes the head and is located the container cylinder body outside.

Further, a plurality of guide shaft sleeves are arranged between the piston and the upper gland.

Further, the piston is in a shape of a circular truncated cone, and the maximum radius of the circular truncated cone is matched with the inner diameter of the barrel of the container cylinder body.

Further, a buffer protection rubber pad is fixed in the middle of the bottom of the container cylinder body, and the buffer protection rubber pad is aligned with the end of the piston.

Furthermore, the upper gland is of a circular ring structure, the inner diameter of the ring of the upper gland is tangent to the outer diameter of the guide rod, and the outer diameter of the ring is tangent to the inner diameter of the opening of the container cylinder body.

Furthermore, be provided with spacing annular structure on the container cylinder body inner wall, the piston is located between the barrel head of spacing annular structure and container cylinder body.

Another object of the utility model is to provide an install impact test platform of impulse generator, the impact test platform is provided with:

an equipment base;

an impact table lifting mechanism and a guide shaft are vertically arranged on the equipment base, an impact test table is mounted in the middle of the impact table lifting mechanism, the guide shaft penetrates through the impact test table, and an experimental sample is placed in the middle of the upper end of the impact test table;

an impact anvil block is fixed between the equipment base and the impact test table board, the impact pulse generator is installed at the vertical relative position of the impact anvil block, and the impact anvil block and a rubber impact head of the impact pulse generator are arranged oppositely.

Further, an equipment installation bottom plate is arranged on the lower side of the equipment base, and a plurality of vibration isolation air springs are clamped between the equipment base and the equipment installation bottom plate.

Further, the impact anvil block is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the equipment base, the impact pulse generator is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the impact test table board, and the impact pulse generator is located at the right upper end of the impact anvil block.

Further, the impact anvil block is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the impact test table board, the impact pulse generator is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the equipment base, and the impact pulse generator is located at the right lower end of the impact anvil block.

With the above technical solution and the technical problem solved, please analyze the following aspects and advantages of the technical solution to be protected of the present invention are:

first, to the technical problem that above-mentioned prior art exists and the degree of difficulty of solving this problem, combine closely the utility model discloses an in-process result and data etc. of technical scheme and the research and development that will protect, analyze in detail, deeply the utility model discloses technical problem that technical scheme how solved, some that bring after the solution problem possess creative technological effect. The specific description is as follows:

the utility model discloses impulse generator's use can greatly make things convenient for impulse test's operation and data acquisition, and impulse generator is once installed, just can accomplish three kinds of classic impulse tests of all test samples, and the switching can be adjusted to the wave form, and experimental intensity also can be adjusted as required, has saved a large amount of test time human cost.

The second, regard technical scheme as a whole or from the angle of product, the utility model discloses technical effect and advantage that technical scheme to protect possessed, the concrete description is as follows:

the utility model discloses can greatly make things convenient for impact test's operation and data acquisition, experimental intensity also can be adjusted as required, has saved a large amount of test time human costs.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an impact pulse generator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an impact test bed provided by an embodiment of the present invention when an impact pulse generator is placed on top;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an impact test bed provided by an embodiment of the present invention when an impact pulse generator is placed downward;

fig. 4 is an internal state diagram of an impact pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention when generating a half-sine impact pulse, where the internal pressure of the generator is less than 1MPa;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an internal state of an impact pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention when generating a rear-peak sawtooth-shaped impact pulse, wherein the internal pressure of the generator is less than 10MPa;

fig. 6 is an internal state diagram of an impact pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention when generating trapezoidal impact pulses, where the internal pressure of the generator is greater than 15MPa;

fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of a half-sine impact pulse provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a waveform diagram of a rear-peak sawtooth shock pulse provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a waveform diagram of a trapezoidal shock pulse provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. an impact table lifting mechanism; 2. a guide shaft; 3. an experimental sample; 4. impacting a test table; 5. an impulse generator; 6. impacting an anvil block; 7. an equipment base; 8. a vibration isolation air spring; 9. an equipment mounting base plate; 51. installing a base; 52. a buffer protection rubber pad; 53. a container gas; 54. a container cylinder; 55. a piston; 56. a guide bar; 57. a guide shaft sleeve; 58. a gland is arranged; 59. and (3) a rubber impact head.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

1. Illustrative embodiments are explained. This section is an illustrative example for expanding the claims so as to fully understand how to implement the invention for those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, an impact pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a mounting base 51, a cushion rubber pad 52, a container cylinder 54, a piston 55, a guide rod 56, an upper gland 58, and a rubber impact head 59; the container cylinder 54 is a cylindrical structure; the mounting base 51 and the container cylinder 54 are of an integral structure and are arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the container cylinder; the piston 55 is in a circular truncated cone shape, the maximum radius of the circular truncated cone is matched with the inner diameter of the barrel of the container cylinder body, the piston 55 can be ensured to move back and forth along the central axis direction of the container cylinder body, and a certain fluid is contained in a sealed space formed by the piston 55 and the container cylinder body 54; the buffer protection rubber pad 52 is arranged at the bottom of the barrel inside the container cylinder 54; the guide rod 56 is vertically connected to the bottom of the piston 55 and extends out of the barrel opening of the container cylinder 54, and the other end of the guide rod 56 is provided with a rubber impact head 59; the upper gland 58 is of a circular ring structure and is arranged at the barrel mouth of the container cylinder body, the inner diameter of the ring is tangent to the outer diameter of the guide rod 56, and the outer diameter of the ring is tangent to the inner diameter of the barrel mouth of the container cylinder body 54, so that the guide rod 56 can move back and forth along the vertical direction of the upper gland through the ring mouth of the upper gland.

The impulse generator in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a guide shaft sleeve 57; the plurality of guide bushings 57 are disposed between the piston 55 and the upper gland 58 to prevent the piston from tilting or being unstable during the experiment.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in be provided with spacing annular structure on the 54 inner walls of container cylinder body, prevent that the piston from deviating from in the experimentation.

The fluid in the sealed space formed by the piston 55 and the container cylinder 54 in the embodiment of the present invention may be gas or liquid.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides an impact testing stand, including: the device comprises an impact table lifting mechanism 1, a guide shaft 2, an impact test table 4, an impact pulse generator 5, an impact anvil block 6 and an equipment base 7.

An impact table lifting mechanism 1 and a guide shaft 2 are vertically arranged on the equipment base, an impact test table 4 is connected with the impact table lifting mechanism 1, and the guide shaft 2 penetrates through the impact test table 4 to play a role in motion guiding; the impact pulse generator 5 is connected to the central part right below the impact test table top 4 or the equipment base 7 through the mounting base 51 of the impact pulse generator 5; the impact anvil block 6 is arranged at the central part right below the equipment base 7 or the impact test table top 4, vertically opposite to the impact pulse generator 5 and plays a role in absorbing impact force.

The impact test bed in the embodiment of the utility model is also provided with a vibration isolation air spring 8 and an equipment installation bottom plate 9; the plurality of vibration isolation air springs 8 are arranged below the equipment base 7; the equipment installation bottom plate 9 is arranged below the vibration isolation air spring 8, so that equipment can be effectively protected.

The utility model discloses when carrying out the experiment use, place experimental sample 3 on impact test mesa 4, when impact test mesa 4 is down strikeed, impact impulse generator 5's rubber impact head 59 striking strikes anvil block 6, makes rubber impact head 59 upward movement, and the gaseous impulse that produces in the container cylinder body 54.

The manner in which the corresponding impact pulses are obtained is as follows:

fig. 4 to 6 show three methods for realizing three classic impact pulses, namely a half-sine impact pulse, a back-peak sawtooth impact pulse and a trapezoidal impact pulse, respectively, wherein different impact pulses can be generated by adjusting the gas pressure of a cylinder container and the opening and closing of an upper gland, and the specific method comprises the following steps:

(1) The half sine impact pulse is generated, the upper gland 8 is in a closed state, low-pressure gas is filled in the container 3, the pressure is generally less than 1MPa, an ideal elastomer is formed in the container, the anvil block can be made of a rigid body or an elastomer, and the gas in the container is pressurized and the gas is the elastomer, so that the impact pulse waveform generated when the rubber impact head 9 impacts the anvil block is half sine and better.

(2) The generation of the impact pulse of the back peak sawtooth shape, the upper gland 8 is in the open state, the container 3 is filled with medium pressure gas, generally less than 10MPa, when the generator punch impacts the anvil block, the material of the anvil block is a rigid body, when the rigidity of the anvil block is greater than that of the gas in the cylinder, the impact makes the piston 5 move, the gas above the piston rapidly enters the lower part of the piston after the piston leaves the initial position, and is discharged out of the cylinder 4 through the vent hole of the guide shaft sleeve 7, the acting force generated on the table surface due to the impact is suddenly and rapidly attenuated and approaches zero (only minimal force is reserved due to the existence of the piston rod, generally 1/10 of the original force), and at the moment, the generated impact pulse is the back peak sawtooth pulse.

(3) The generation of trapezoidal impact pulse, the upper gland 8 is in the closed state, the container 3 is filled with high-pressure gas, generally greater than 15MPa, thus form the high-pressure quasi-constant force gas spring in the cylinder 4, the pre-charging pressure of this gas spring is very high and the volume change is very small (relative to the initial volume), when the rubber impact head 9 of the generator impacts the anvil block, the material of the anvil block is a rigid body, its rigidity is greater than the rigidity of the gas in the cylinder, can produce quasi-constant force when the gas spring deforms, can produce trapezoidal pulse when this kind of high-pressure quasi-constant force gas spring is used in tandem with elastic punch.

2. Evidence of the relevant effects of the examples. The embodiment of the utility model provides an in research and development or use some positive effects have been got, compare with prior art and do possess very big advantage, following content describes in combination test process's data, chart etc..

The following data are the waveforms of three classic impact pulses, namely a half-sine impact pulse (figure 7), a back-peak sawtooth impact pulse (figure 8) and a trapezoidal impact pulse (figure 9), wherein the waveforms are a nominal pulse line, a tolerance range line, the duration of a D nominal pulse, the peak acceleration of the A nominal pulse, the shortest time for monitoring the pulse when the conventional impact machine is used for generating impact, and the shortest time for monitoring the pulse when the electric vibration table is used for generating impact:

as shown in fig. 7: the half sine wave pulse is suitable for simulating impact effect caused by impact of a linear system or deceleration of the linear system, such as impact of an elastic structure and the like, and the waveform is most commonly used in impact test.

As shown in fig. 8: trapezoidal pulse: i.e., a symmetrical quadrilateral with short rise and fall times, trapezoidal shaped pulses produce a higher response over a wider frequency spectrum than half-sinusoidal shaped pulses. Such a shock waveform can be used if the purpose of the test is to simulate the effects of a shock environment such as that caused by an explosive bolt during the space probe or satellite launch phase.

As shown in fig. 9: post-peak sawtooth pulses, i.e., asymmetric triangles with short fall times, have a more uniform response spectrum than half-sine and trapezoidal pulses.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An impact pulse generator, characterized in that it is provided with:

installing a base and a container cylinder body;

the mounting base and the container cylinder body are of an integral structure, the container cylinder body is of a barrel-shaped structure, container gas is filled in the container cylinder body, and the mounting base is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the container cylinder body;

the inside piston that is provided with of container cylinder body, the bung hole position of container cylinder body installs the gland, piston outer end intermediate junction has the guide bar, the guide bar outer end passes in the middle of last gland and is connected with the rubber and strikes the head, the rubber strikes the head and is located the container cylinder body outside.

2. The impulse generator of claim 1, wherein a plurality of guide bushings are installed between said piston and said upper gland.

3. The impulse generator of claim 1, wherein said piston is in the shape of a truncated cone, the maximum radius of which coincides with the barrel inside diameter of said vessel cylinder.

4. The shock pulse generator according to claim 1, wherein a cushion rubber pad is fixed to a middle of a bottom position of the vessel cylinder inside, the cushion rubber pad being aligned with an end of the piston.

5. The shock pulse generator according to claim 1, wherein the upper cover has a circular ring structure, and the inner diameter of the ring of the upper cover is tangential to the outer diameter of the guide rod, and the outer diameter of the ring is tangential to the inner diameter of the barrel opening of the vessel cylinder.

6. The impulse generator of claim 1, wherein said vessel cylinder has a limiting ring structure on its inner wall, and said piston is located between the limiting ring structure and the bottom of the vessel cylinder.

7. An impact test stand equipped with the impact pulse generator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the impact test stand is provided with:

an equipment base;

an impact table lifting mechanism and a guide shaft are vertically arranged on the equipment base, an impact test table is arranged in the middle of the impact table lifting mechanism, the guide shaft penetrates through the impact test table, and an experimental sample is placed in the middle of the upper end of the impact test table;

an impact anvil block is fixed between the equipment base and the impact test table board, the impact pulse generator is installed at the vertical relative position of the impact anvil block, and the impact anvil block and a rubber impact head of the impact pulse generator are arranged oppositely.

8. The impact test stand of claim 7, wherein an equipment mounting base plate is disposed on the underside of the equipment base, and a plurality of vibration isolation air springs are sandwiched between the equipment base and the equipment mounting base plate.

9. The impact test stand of claim 7, wherein the impact anvil is mounted at an intermediate location on the upper end of the base of the apparatus, and the impact pulse generator is mounted at an intermediate location on the lower end of the impact test table, the impact pulse generator being located directly above the impact anvil.

10. The impact test stand of claim 7, wherein the impact anvil is mounted at a lower intermediate position on the impact test table top, and the impact pulse generator is mounted at an upper intermediate position on the equipment base, the impact pulse generator being located directly below the impact anvil.

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