CN105067213A - Large-scale structure vibration characteristic test pulse excitation apparatus and application method thereof - Google Patents
Large-scale structure vibration characteristic test pulse excitation apparatus and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to excitation apparatuses for pulse excitation sources, and specifically relates to a large-scale structure vibration characteristic test pulse excitation apparatus and an application method thereof. According to the technical scheme, the apparatus is designed as a suspension pendulum structure so that the operation and force application for personnel can be facilitated; a series of matched hammers are designed and machined and can be applicable to multi-frequency-band tests of different structures; and the work modes of the apparatus can be changed and pulse excitation signals are applied from various directions according to the requirement of the large-scale structure vibration characteristic test. The beneficial effects of the pulse excitation apparatus and the application method thereof are that the apparatus can be rapidly and conveniently applicable to the vibration characteristic tests of the large-scale structures in the on-site work state, and transient excitation is provided; the acceleration amplitude and impact time of pulse excitation can be controlled and adjusted; and the technical problems of insufficient excitation energy for the large-scale structures, loading failure with low frequency, and rough frequency response curve of the conventional excitation apparatuses are solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pulse excitation source forcing device, be specifically related to a kind of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device and using method thereof.
Background technology
Test of Vibration is also known as modal test, the vibratory response and the frequency response function curve that are obtained product structure by the energisation mode of particular type, and analysis obtains comprising the intrinsic characterisitic parameter of a series of structures such as model frequency, Mode Shape, modal mass, damping, can be the data foundation that structural seismic Vibration Absorption Designing, Modifying model and Systematical control provide important.
Large Launch Vehicle, aircraft, the engineering structure such as to build a bridge need to consider and resolution system dynamics problem in the design process.By carrying out modal test test on the spot at engineering site, can obtain accurately and effectively structure in working order under vibration parameters.Large scale structure, when carrying out on-the-spot modal test, needs the driving source that can provide low frequency, large magnitude.Utilize traditional vibrator, due to moving-coil stroke, pedestal fixing with install the problems such as consuming time, exciting force cannot reach effective magnitude and frequency.And emerging there is the defects such as data acquisition is incomplete, parameter identification precision is poor based on time domain without excitation mode discrimination method, the data of its identification cannot meet product structure design demand.Therefore, need a kind of quick, simple and easy, effective, low frequency, large magnitude motivational techniques can obtain at engineering site and meet large scale structure vibration parameters.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to that existing exciting device excitation energy on large scale structure is not enough, low frequency cannot load and the technical matters that frequency response curve is coarse, a kind of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device and using method thereof are provided.
Realize the technical scheme of the object of the invention:
A kind of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device, comprises excitation tup, studs, force cell, sensor protection container, mobile jib transition adapter, main load bar, operating handle and suspension clip; Excitation tup is connected with force cell, and force cell is arranged in sensor protection container, and sensor protection container is connected with main load bar by mobile jib transition adapter; Hanging clip is two flap-type structures, is fastened on main load bar, for whole pulse excitation device level or longitudinal direction being hanged; Main load bar is fixed with one or more operating handle.
Mobile jib transition adapter is all equipped with at the two ends of described main load bar, and the mobile jib transition adapter of the main load bar other end is connected with prolongation push rod by extending push rod connector.
Described excitation tup is connected with force cell by studs.
Described excitation tup comprises power transmission material and base.
Described suspension clip is connected with boom hoisting by hanger.
Described power transmission material is macromolecular compound, high molecular polymer or metal material.Structure frequency within 0 to 100Hz, described power transmission material selection macromolecular compound; The structure frequency of 80 to 600Hz, described power transmission material selection high molecular polymer; 500 to 2000Hz structure frequency, described power transmission material selection copper, aluminium, nickel or other metal materials.
Present invention also offers a kind of pilot system of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device as above, comprise tested structure, device suspension, pulse excitation device, testing ground fixed support, data collection and analysis instrument, signal-transmitting cable line and vibration transducer; Pulse excitation device is suspended on the fixed support of testing ground by device suspension, tested structure is provided with vibration transducer, vibration signal is introduced in station place data collection and analysis instrument by signal-transmitting cable line by vibration transducer, and the force cell of pulse excitation device is connected with data collection and analysis instrument by signal-transmitting cable line.
The present invention also comprises a kind of using method of above-mentioned large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device, it is characterized in that in turn including the following steps:
Step 1. preliminary work
Step 1.1, according to subjects, select the force cell of correct range and frequency response bandwidth, and demarcation verification is carried out to it;
The assembling of step 1.2, pulse excitation device, is connected with main load bar successively by excitation tup, force cell, mobile jib transition adapter, installs operating handle and extends these accessories of push rod;
The determination of step 1.3, experimental test station, assembles at station as requested by data collection and analysis instrument;
Step 2. on-site installation work
Step 2.1, build firm testing ground fixed support in testing ground, in order to hang pulse excitation device;
Step 2.2, to install hang clip and hanger at the centre of gravity place of the main load bar of pulse excitation device, hanger is connected with device suspension and is suspended on fixed support place, testing ground;
Step 2.3, architectural feature according to tested structure, install vibration transducer in the position that need measuring, and connection signal transfer cable wire, vibration signal is introduced in station place data collection and analysis instrument;
Step 2.4, by force cell connection signal transfer cable wire, signal-transmitting cable line is introduced in experimental test station place data collection and analysis instrument to obtain force signal;
Step 3. Excitation and response channel debugging works
After step 3.1, the installation of pulse excitation device, carry out the work of power channel debugging; By clashing into tested structure, whether the time-frequency curve of the power channel response that observed data acquisition and analysis instrument obtains meets structured testing demand, otherwise replacing encourages tup accordingly;
Step 3.2, under pulse excitation, the time-frequency curve of structural vibration response can be obtained simultaneously, check that whether the data-signal of each response channel is normal successively, otherwise carry out the malfunction elimination of each link connection;
Step 4. is tested and is carried out
Step 4.1, by 2 to 4 operating personnel's hand-held handles, use pulse excitation device to clash into tested structure, obtain pulse signal; This process should repeatedly repeat, and chooses normal data and is averaging processing, and obtains the frequency response function of high-quality;
Step 4.2, change different energized positions and excitation orientation, obtain the frequency domain data that structure is complete, at this moment need the work of repetition step 4.1, until data acquisition is complete;
Step 5. off-test
The data obtained are tested, the vibration parameters of analytical structure by step 4.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The invention solves traditional vibrator energisation mode problems such as excitation energy is not enough on large scale structure, low frequency cannot load, frequency response curve is coarse.Apparatus design is suspended pendulum structure, is convenient to the operation force of personnel; Design machined series matching tup, is applicable to different structure in the test of multiband; According to the demand of large scale structure test of Vibration, the working method of this device can be changed, apply pulse excitation signal from multiple direction.The pulse excitation device of the present invention's design and using method thereof, can be applied to quickly and easily in the test of Vibration test of large scale structure at the scene under duty, provide transient excite; And can control and the acceleration amplitude of regulating impulse excitation and attack time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structure of the present invention composition schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is horizontal drive working state schematic representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is longitudinal pumping working state schematic representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the pilot system composition diagram of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device;
The power spectrum density energy trace of pulse excitation device exciting in Fig. 5 process of the test;
Pulse excitation device exciting force Time Domain Amplitude figure in Fig. 6 process of the test.
In figure, 1-encourages tup, 2-studs; 3-force cell; 4-sensor protection container, 5-mobile jib transition adapter, the main load bar of 6-; 7-extends push rod connector; 8-extends push rod, 9-operating handle, and 10-hangs clip; 11-hanger, the tested structure of 201-, 202-device suspension, 203-pulse excitation device, 204-testing ground fixed support, 205-data collection and analysis instrument, 206-signal-transmitting cable line, 207-vibration transducer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further details.
Present embodiments provide a kind of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device, belong to exciting subsystem in test of Vibration system.Its structure composition as shown in Figure 1, comprises excitation tup 1, studs 2, force cell 3, sensor protection container 4, mobile jib transition adapter 5, main load bar 6, extends push rod connector 7, prolongation push rod 8, operating handle 9, hangs clip 10 and hanger 11.The working method of this device comprises level and longitudinal pumping two kinds.Fig. 2 and the two kinds of working methods that Figure 3 shows that this device, by conversion suspension point, can realize test structure excitation in a plurality of directions.
Excitation tup 1 is connected with force cell 3 by studs 2, and excitation tup 1 is exchangeable portion section, and excitation tup 1 designs and is made up of a whole set of series, is applicable to different structure in the dynamic characteristic test of multiband.Excitation tup 1 comprises the power transmission material and base that are fixedly connected with; Power transmission material is bulb shape, and power transmission material directly contacts with tested structural collision, and the quality of its mechanical property to test curve plays a decisive role; Under normal circumstances, structure frequency within 0 to 100Hz, the elastomeric macromolecular compound of power transmission material selection; The structure frequency of 80 to 600Hz, the high molecular polymer that power transmission material selection hardness is slightly large; 500 to 2000Hz structure frequency, tup made by the metal materials such as power transmission material selection copper, aluminium or nickel;
The base of excitation tup 1 is cylindrical shape, can match, be fixedly connected with by studs 2 with force snesor 3 with tup, when excitation tup 1 changed by needs, only needs can realize dismantling with the connection of base by disconnecting studs 2, convenient to operation.
Force cell 3 is installed in sensor protection container 4, avoids test force signal to be subject to external interference; Force cell 3 size, model, range and Hz-KHz carry out design selection according to the characteristic of tested structure.
Sensor protection container 4 top is cylinder-like structure, and the sidewall of cylinder has a gap, and bottom has externally threaded cylindrical structure, and the signal-transmitting cable of force cell 3 is drawn in the gap of sensor protection container 4 top cylinder sidewall.
Main load bar 6 is main bodys of pulse excitation device, and main load bar 6 is solid cylinder, and two bottom surfaces have metric screw internal thread hole respectively, for connecting mobile jib transition adapter 5.
Mobile jib transition adapter 5 is two stage steps shape coaxial clyinder, and protruding one end is fixedly connected with main load bar 6 by metric coarse thread mode; The other end bottom surface of mobile jib transition adapter 5 is processed with internal thread hole, for being connected with device remaining part; A mobile jib transition adapter 5 is connected with sensor protection container 4, and another is connected with prolongation push rod connector 7.
Hang clip 10 for hanging, whole pulse excitation device level or longitudinal direction to change the working method of pulse excitation device; Hanging clip 10 is two semi-circular shape structures, is connected by screw and is fixed on main load bar 6; Be connected with boom hoisting by hanger 11, the use of the present embodiment pulse excitation device at different directions can be realized by the mounting means changing hanger 11, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, when hanger 11 and main load bar 6 at right angle setting, for level lifting, when hanger 11 is parallel with main load bar 6 install time, be vertical lifting.
Extending push rod 8 is cylinder-like structure, be connected with the mobile jib transition adapter 5 of main load bar 6 one end by extending push rod connector 7 when horizontal drive mode, controlled loading point of application position during for ensureing to apply pulse excitation load, holding device balances, and improves the working range of pulse excitation device; Do not install when vertical energisation mode and extend push rod 8.
Operating handle 9 is cylindrical structure, is fixedly mounted on main load bar 6, can carry out load operation for 2 ~ 4 people simultaneously.
The pulse excitation device of the present embodiment has been successfully applied in certain New Launch target range upright state modal test test, Fig. 4 is pulse excitation device site test system composition diagram, 201 be carrier rocket rocket body/large structure, 202 is device suspension, 203 is large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device of the present invention, 204 is testing ground fixed support, 205 is data collection and analysis instrument, 206 is signal-transmitting cable line, 207 for vibration transducer in figure.Pulse excitation device is suspended on the fixed support of testing ground by device suspension, tested structure is provided with vibration transducer, vibration signal is introduced in station place data collection and analysis instrument by signal-transmitting cable line by vibration transducer, and the force cell of pulse excitation device is connected with data collection and analysis instrument by signal-transmitting cable line.Fig. 5 is the power spectral energies curve that pulse excitation device repeatedly obtains, and its energy low-frequency range can cover minimum 0.05Hz; Fig. 6 is the Time Domain Amplitude curve of certain exciting, and pulse excitation power reaches 1.4E4N.Test figure shows, apparatus of the present invention solve the needs of problems of the large magnitude exciting force of low frequency, achieve the Fast Installation debugging of excitation set, this device meets carrier rocket target range emission security operational norm completely simultaneously, fully meets the safety of operating personnel and rocket body equipment.
The test operation step of the type vibration characteristics test pulse exciting bank of application the present embodiment is: the inspection of instrument and equipment of 1, participating in the experiment and demarcation; 2, the installation of testing sensor and wiring in structure; 3, the installation of on-the-spot pulse excitation device; 4, selected excitation tup, and carry out the debugging of test channel; 5, test is carried out, and the collection of data obtains; 6, the analysis of dynamic performance parameters; 7, off-test, measures the disconnection of excitation system.Concrete using method is as follows:
Step 1. preliminary work
A, according to subjects, select the force cell 3 of correct range and frequency response bandwidth, and demarcation verification is carried out to it.
The assembling of b, pulse excitation device, connects successively by excitation tup 1, force cell 3, mobile jib transition adapter 5, main load bar 6, installs operating handle 9, extends the accessories such as push rod 8.
The determination of c, experimental test station, assembles at station as requested by equipment such as data collection and analysis instrument.
Step 2. on-site installation work
A, build firm support 204 in testing ground, in order to hang pulse excitation device; Support 204 should be moderate with the distance of tested structure 201, and be convenient to the normal work of pulse excitation device, concrete form can be determined according to site environment.
B, to install hang clip 10 and hanger 11 at the centre of gravity place of the main load bar 6 of pulse excitation device, hanger 11 is connected fixed support 204 place of building at the scene of being suspended on device suspension 202.
C, architectural feature according to subjects, the installation vibration transducer 207 correct at key position place, and connection signal transfer cable wire 206, introduce vibration signal in station place data collection and analysis instrument 205.
D, by the force cell 3 connection signal transfer cable wire 206 of pulse excitation device inside, signal-transmitting cable line 206 is introduced in experimental test station place data collection and analysis instrument 205 to obtain force signal.
Step 3. Excitation and response channel debugging works
After a, the installation of pulse excitation device, carry out the work of power channel debugging; By clashing into tested structure, whether the time-frequency curve of observation channel response meets structured testing demand, otherwise changes corresponding tup.
B, under pulse excitation, the time-frequency curve of structural vibration response can be obtained simultaneously, check that whether the data-signal of each response channel is normal successively, otherwise carry out the malfunction elimination of each link connection.
Step 4. is tested and is carried out
A, by 2 to 4 operating personnel's hand-held handles, use pulse excitation device to clash into tested structure, obtain pulse signal; Shock should avoid the situation such as double hit, sluggishness; This process should repeatedly repeat, and chooses normal data and is averaging processing, and obtains the frequency response function of high-quality.
B, change different energized positions and excitation orientation, obtain the frequency domain data that structure is complete, at this moment need the work of repetition step, until data acquisition is complete.
Step 5. off-test
A, the data obtained by test, the vibration parameters of analytical structure.
After b, confirmation data are errorless, testing ground pulse excitation device is removed receipts; All passage cables disconnect and reclaiming.
The advantage of the large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device of the present embodiment is:
Adopt the excitation tup power transmission material of special facture, the magnitude of pulse excitation power can reach 10E4N.
According to the stiffness characteristics of tested structure, by changing different excitation tups 1, pulse excitation energy can reach 0.1 ~ 1000Hz in frequency domain effective range.
Apparatus of the present invention possess two kinds of working methods, can meet the demand of large scale structure different energized position at the scene, to obtain the complete vibration characteristics frequency response function of structure.
Compared with traditional vibrator energisation mode, carry out test of Vibration at the engineering site of large scale structure and adopt pulse excitation device more convenient, reduce the installment and debugging time of test excitation set.
Present invention eliminates power amplification link, exciting bank does not need to exchange forceful electric power and drives, and adopts direct current supply mode, possesses high reliability and security.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to the present invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.If these amendments and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (9)
1. a large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device, is characterized in that: comprise excitation tup (1), studs (2), force cell (3), sensor protection container (4), mobile jib transition adapter (5), main load bar (6), operating handle (9) and hang clip (10);
Excitation tup (1) is connected with force cell (3), force cell (3) is arranged in sensor protection container (4), and sensor protection container (4) is connected with main load bar (6) by mobile jib transition adapter (5); Hanging clip (10) is two flap-type structures, is fastened on main load bar (6), for whole pulse excitation device level or longitudinal direction being hanged; Main load bar (6) is fixed with one or more operating handle (9).
2. a kind of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: mobile jib transition adapter (5) is all equipped with at the two ends of described main load bar (6), the mobile jib transition adapter (5) of main load bar (6) other end is connected with prolongation push rod (8) by extending push rod connector (7).
3. a kind of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described excitation tup (1) is connected with force cell (3) by studs (2).
4. a kind of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described excitation tup (1) comprises power transmission material and base.
5. a kind of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described suspension clip (10) is connected with boom hoisting by hanger (11).
6. a kind of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: described power transmission material is macromolecular compound, high molecular polymer or metal material.
7. a kind of large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: structure frequency within 0 to 100Hz, described power transmission material selection macromolecular compound; The structure frequency of 80 to 600Hz, described power transmission material selection high molecular polymer; 500 to 2000Hz structure frequency, described power transmission material selection copper, aluminium, nickel or other metal materials.
8. a pilot system for large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise tested structure (201), device suspension (202), pulse excitation device (203), testing ground fixed support (204), data collection and analysis instrument (205), signal-transmitting cable line (206) and vibration transducer (207); Pulse excitation device (203) is suspended on testing ground fixed support (204) by device suspension (202), tested structure (201) is provided with vibration transducer (207), vibration signal is introduced in station place data collection and analysis instrument (205) by signal-transmitting cable line (206) by vibration transducer (207), and the force cell (3) of pulse excitation device (203) is connected with data collection and analysis instrument (205) by signal-transmitting cable line (206).
9. a using method for large scale structure test of Vibration pulse excitation device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in turn including the following steps:
Step 1. preliminary work
Step 1.1, according to subjects, select the force cell (3) of correct range and frequency response bandwidth, and demarcation verification is carried out to it;
The assembling of step 1.2, pulse excitation device, tup (1), force cell (3), mobile jib transition adapter (5) will be encouraged to be connected successively with main load bar (6), to install operating handle (9) and extend push rod (8) these accessories;
The determination of step 1.3, experimental test station, assembles at station as requested by data collection and analysis instrument (205);
Step 2. on-site installation work
Step 2.1, build firm testing ground fixed support (204) in testing ground, in order to hang pulse excitation device (203);
Step 2.2, to install hang clip (10) and hanger (11) at the centre of gravity place of the main load bar of pulse excitation device (6), hanger (11) is connected with device suspension (202) and is suspended on testing ground fixed support (204) place;
Step 2.3, architectural feature according to tested structure (201), in the position that need measure, vibration transducer (207) is installed, and connection signal transfer cable wire (206), vibration signal is introduced in station place data collection and analysis instrument (205);
Step 2.4, by force cell (3) connection signal transfer cable wire (206), signal-transmitting cable line (206) is introduced in experimental test station place data collection and analysis instrument (205) to obtain force signal;
Step 3. Excitation and response channel debugging works
After step 3.1, pulse excitation device (203) installation, carry out the work of power channel debugging; By clashing into tested structure (201), whether the time-frequency curve of the power channel response that observed data acquisition and analysis instrument (205) obtains meets structured testing demand, otherwise replacing encourages tup (1) accordingly;
Step 3.2, under pulse excitation, the time-frequency curve of structural vibration response can be obtained simultaneously, check that whether the data-signal of each response channel is normal successively, otherwise carry out the malfunction elimination of each link connection;
Step 4. is tested and is carried out
Step 4.1, by 2 to 4 operating personnel's hand-held handles (9), use pulse excitation device (203) clash into tested structure (201), obtain pulse signal; This process should repeatedly repeat, and chooses normal data and is averaging processing, and obtains the frequency response function of high-quality;
Step 4.2, change different energized positions and excitation orientation, obtain the frequency domain data that structure is complete, at this moment need the work of repetition step 4.1, until data acquisition is complete;
Step 5. off-test
The data obtained are tested, the vibration parameters of analytical structure by step 4.
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| CN114152153A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-03-08 | 重庆零壹空间科技集团有限公司 | Rocket body natural frequency test supporting platform |
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