CN218471991U - Symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate - Google Patents
Symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN218471991U CN218471991U CN202023156511.2U CN202023156511U CN218471991U CN 218471991 U CN218471991 U CN 218471991U CN 202023156511 U CN202023156511 U CN 202023156511U CN 218471991 U CN218471991 U CN 218471991U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model provides a symmetrical fuel cell bipolar plate, which comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate, the back surfaces of which are connected, wherein an anode flow field is arranged on the anode plate, a cathode flow field is arranged on the cathode plate, and the back surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate are coupled to form a cooling flow field; the anode plate is also provided with a first anode manifold port and a second anode manifold port which are communicated with the anode flow field through an anode flow field air inlet and an anode flow field air outlet respectively; the cathode plate is also provided with a first cathode manifold port and a second cathode manifold port which are communicated with the cathode flow field through a cathode flow field air inlet and a cathode flow field air outlet respectively; the anode flow field air inlet and the cathode flow field air outlet are arranged at the same end, and the shapes of the hydrogen flow field transition region and the air flow field transition region are completely symmetrical or mirror-symmetrical, so that the whole fuel cell pile performance is improved, the design difficulty is reduced, and the development period is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cell design and manufacture, specificly relate to a symmetrical formula fuel cell bipolar plate in flow field.
Background
The fuel cell is a device for generating electricity through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, the reaction product is water, and the fuel cell is clean energy with wide application prospect and huge potential. The fuel cell directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy through electrode reaction, so that the energy conversion efficiency is not limited by the Carnot cycle.
The energy conversion efficiency of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is as high as 60% -80%, and the actual use efficiency is twice of that of a common internal combustion engine. The core of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is an MEA component and a bipolar plate, wherein the MEA is characterized in that two carbon fiber paper electrodes coated with Nafion solution and Pt catalyst are arranged on two sides of a pretreated proton exchange membrane, the catalyst is close to the proton exchange membrane and is pressed under certain temperature and pressure, and the bipolar plate is used for providing a gas distribution channel for hydrogen and oxygen, isolating fuel and an oxidant, conducting and conducting electrochemical reaction heat and providing a support structure for the MEA component.
The bipolar plate is made of graphite materials, and the existing graphite bipolar plate has the problem of uneven distribution of hydrogen when the hydrogen enters an activation area, so that the whole stack performance of a fuel cell is greatly influenced; meanwhile, the distribution areas on the two sides are independently designed, the matching performance is difficult to guarantee, and the design work is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a symmetry formula fuel cell bipolar plate to solve current fuel cell bipolar plate distribution area design difficulty, the empty both sides distribution area of hydrogen need the problem of independent design.
The specific scheme is as follows: a kind of symmetrical fuel cell bipolar plate, including anode plate and negative plate that the back links, there are anode flow fields on the anode plate, there are cathode flow fields on the negative plate, and the back of anode plate and negative plate couples and forms the cooling flow field, there are first positive pole manifold ports and second positive pole manifold ports on the anode plate, the first positive pole manifold port and second positive pole manifold port communicate the two ends of the flow field of the positive pole separately;
the cathode plate is also provided with a first cathode manifold port and a second cathode manifold port which are respectively communicated with two ends of the cathode flow field;
an anode flow field air inlet transition area is also arranged between the first anode manifold port and the anode flow field; a cathode flow field exhaust transition area is also arranged between the second cathode manifold port and the cathode flow field;
the anode flow field air inlet transition area and the cathode flow field air outlet transition area are arranged in a mirror image or symmetrical mode.
The utility model discloses further technical scheme does: defining the direction from the first anode manifold port to the second anode manifold port as the length direction, and the vertical length direction as the width direction;
an anode flow field exhaust transition area is also arranged between the second anode manifold port and the anode flow field; a cathode flow field air inlet transition area is arranged between the first cathode manifold port and the cathode flow field; the exhaust transition area of the anode flow field is mirror image or symmetrical with the intake transition area of the cathode flow field.
The utility model discloses further technical scheme does: the first anode manifold port and the second cathode manifold port are respectively arranged at two sides of one end in the width direction; similarly, the second anode manifold port and the first cathode manifold port are respectively arranged at two sides of the other end in the width direction;
the first anode manifold port and the second anode manifold port are arranged on different sides, and the first cathode manifold port and the second cathode manifold port are arranged on different sides in the width direction.
The utility model discloses further technical scheme does: the first anode manifold port and the second cathode manifold port are arranged on two opposite sides in the width direction; the second anode manifold port and the first cathode manifold port are also arranged on two opposite sides in the width direction. The utility model discloses a further technical scheme does: the bottom end structures of the first anode manifold port and the second cathode manifold port are the same, and the height of the first anode manifold port is smaller than that of the second cathode manifold port;
the second anode manifold port has the same structure as the bottom end of the first cathode manifold port, and the height of the second anode manifold port is smaller than that of the first cathode manifold port;
the top ends of the first anode manifold port and the second anode manifold port are respectively provided with a positioning area, and the positioning areas are provided with PIN needle clamping grooves and positioning holes.
The utility model discloses a further technical scheme does: the anode flow field is a wave-shaped bent airflow channel; the cathode flow field is a straight gas flow channel.
The utility model discloses a further technical scheme does: the negative plate and the positive plate are made of graphite.
The utility model discloses a further technical scheme does: the two ends of the cooling flow field are respectively connected with a cooling manifold port through a cooling flow field transition area; one of the cooling manifolds is disposed between the first anode manifold and the second cathode manifold, and the other cooling manifold is disposed between the second anode manifold and the first cathode manifold.
The utility model discloses a further technical scheme does: the transition region of the cooling flow field is an axisymmetric or point-symmetric channel.
Has the advantages that: the utility model provides a symmetrical fuel cell bipolar plate, which comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate, wherein the back surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate are connected, an anode flow field is arranged on the anode plate, a cathode flow field is arranged on the cathode plate, and the back surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate are coupled to form a cooling flow field; the anode plate is also provided with a first anode manifold port and a second anode manifold port which are communicated with the anode flow field through an anode flow field air inlet and an anode flow field air outlet respectively; the cathode plate is also provided with a first cathode manifold port and a second cathode manifold port which are communicated with the cathode flow field through a cathode flow field air inlet and a cathode flow field air outlet respectively; the anode flow field air inlet and the cathode flow field air outlet are arranged at the same end, and the shapes of the hydrogen flow field transition region and the air flow field transition region are completely symmetrical or mirror-symmetrical, so that the whole fuel cell stack performance is improved, the design difficulty is reduced, and the development period is shortened.
The inventor of the present invention finds out that:
in the working engineering of the fuel cell, an anode reactant enters a flow field activation reaction area through a flow field runner air inlet, then reaches a catalyst layer through a diffusion layer, is changed into ions after catalysis, passes through a proton exchange membrane, and reacts with the cathode reactant in a cathode flow field activation reaction area to form current.
The width of the anode manifold port of the traditional graphite bipolar plate is small, so that the gas inlet of the hydrogen flow field is short, the transition area of the hydrogen flow field is narrow, and the hydrogen is difficult to be uniformly distributed when entering the activation area; therefore, the utility model discloses a case is through the design to the shape of anode manifold mouth for the anode manifold mouth is to hydrogen flow field air inlet and cathode manifold mouth air flow field air inlet length and angle are identical completely, thereby makes hydrogen flow field transition area widen, and it is more even to make reaction hydrogen distribute in the activation region, has promoted the performance of whole heap of fuel cell.
Simultaneously, in further technical scheme, the utility model discloses a to the design of anode manifold mouth shape for the anode manifold mouth advances to the hydrogen flow field, the gas vent advances, gas vent and cathode manifold mouth place air flow field is advanced, gas vent length and angle are unanimous completely, and makes hydrogen flow field transition district and the complete symmetry of air flow field transition district shape, only need design the emulation to one of them side flow field transition district in the design phase, has greatly reduced the design degree of difficulty, has shortened design cycle.
Simultaneously, in further technical scheme, the utility model discloses a to the design of anode manifold mouth shape for the hydrogen flow field of anode manifold mouth institute advances, the gas vent is arranged with the air flow field of cathode manifold mouth institute, air inlet length and angle are unanimous completely, thereby make cooling flow field transition district shape become the axisymmetric structure, make it reduce the design degree of difficulty to a certain extent in the design stage, and make cooling flow field homogeneity obtain promoting.
Simultaneously, in further technical scheme, the utility model discloses a to the design of positive pole branch mouth shape, because of positive pole branch mouth area is less, and the hydrogen flow field of institute advances, the gas vent is arranged with negative pole branch mouth place air flow field, air inlet length and angle are unanimous completely, make and form an official district by positive pole branch mouth, can carry out the design of characteristics such as PIN needle draw-in groove, locating hole in official district, and need not open up extra region and carry out these designs, make the full page utilization ratio obtain promoting, the regional shared ratio of activation increases, the power density of fuel cell pile has been increased to a certain extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the front three-dimensional structure of the anode plate of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the front three-dimensional structure of the cathode plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the back side three-dimensional structure of the cathode plate of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the anode side plane structure of the bipolar plate of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the cathode side planar structure of the bipolar plate of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the embodiments, the present invention provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. With these references, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and similar reference numerals are generally used to identify similar components.
The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in connection with fig. 1-3, this embodiment provides a symmetric fuel cell graphite bipolar plate comprising an anode plate as shown in fig. 1 and a cathode plate as shown in fig. 2.
Wherein, the front of the anode plate is provided with a hydrogen flow field 3 which is used for introducing hydrogen and is used as an anode flow field, and the front of the cathode plate is provided with an air flow field 7 which is used for introducing air and is used as a cathode flow field; meanwhile, the back of the cathode plate is provided with a groove of the cooling flow field 11, and the cooling flow field 11 is formed by coupling the back of the anode plate and the back of the cathode plate.
In this embodiment:
referring to fig. 1 and 4, a first anode manifold port 2 and a second anode manifold port 21 are respectively disposed at two ends of the anode plate, in the graphite bipolar plate of this embodiment, a direction from the first anode manifold port 2 to the second anode manifold port 21 is defined as a length direction, and a direction perpendicular to the length direction is defined as a width direction, the first anode manifold port 2 is used for injecting hydrogen, and the second anode manifold port 21 is used for removing reaction products or residues.
In the embodiment, the anode flow field inlet 12 is a plurality of inlets extending along the length direction and obliquely towards the outer side of the width direction, so that the lower end of the first anode manifold 2 forms an acute angle inward, and the bottom side of the first anode manifold 2 forms an oblique triangle.
Similarly, at the end of the anode plate away from the first anode manifold port 2, the hydrogen flow field 3 is communicated with the second anode manifold port 21 through an anode flow field exhaust port 13; the specific structure of the anode flow field exhaust port 13 is as follows: a plurality of exhaust ports arranged in the longitudinal direction of the hole and extending obliquely inward in the width direction, and the second anode manifold port 21 has the same structure as the first anode manifold port 2.
Meanwhile, in this embodiment, an anode flow field intake transition region 1 is further disposed between the anode flow field intake port 12 and the hydrogen flow field 3, and similarly, an anode flow field exhaust transition region 11 is further disposed between the anode flow field exhaust port 13 and the hydrogen flow field 3.
Meanwhile, in the width direction, the first anode manifold port 2 and the second anode manifold port 21 are arranged on different sides, so that the distribution of the anode flow field air inlet 12 and the anode flow field air outlet 13 on different sides is realized, hydrogen flows along the diagonal direction of the anode plate, and the hydrogen distribution uniformity is further improved.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the cathode plate is further provided with a second cathode manifold 6 and a first cathode manifold 61, the second cathode manifold 6 is provided at the rear end in the longitudinal direction, and the first cathode manifold 61 is provided at the front end in the longitudinal direction.
Meanwhile, the gas path structure of the cathode flow field is approximately the same as that of the anode flow field: the second cathode manifold port 6 is communicated with the cathode flow field exhaust port 14 and the cathode flow field exhaust transition region 5 in sequence to serve as a cathode flow field, and an air flow field 7 of air is introduced; similarly, at the end of the cathode plate away from the first cathode manifold 61, the air flow field 7 is communicated with the first cathode manifold 61 through a cathode flow field inlet transition region 51 and a cathode flow field inlet 15 in sequence.
In this embodiment, the second cathode manifold 6 and the first cathode manifold 61 are disposed on opposite sides, achieving a diagonal distribution.
The anode flow field inlet 12 and the cathode flow field outlet 14 are disposed at the same end, and have the same length and inlet angle. The anode flow field exhaust port 13 and the cathode flow field air inlet 15 are arranged at the same end, and the length and the exhaust angle are the same; the anode flow field inlet 12 and the cathode flow field outlet 14 are arranged on two opposite sides in the width direction; the anode flow field exhaust port 13 and the cathode flow field air inlet 15 are also arranged on two opposite sides in the width direction; the realization is as follows: the cathode flow field exhaust transition region 5 between the cathode flow field exhaust 14 and the air flow field 7 mirrors the anode flow field intake transition region 1.
Similarly, a cathode flow field air inlet transition region 51 is also arranged between the cathode flow field air inlet 15 and the air flow field 7; the anode flow field exhaust transition 51 mirrors the cathode flow field inlet transition 11.
Of course, in other embodiments, the two air intake transition areas can also be of a symmetrical structure with different surfaces, and the two air exhaust transition areas can also be of a symmetrical structure with different surfaces, which can also achieve the purpose of the present invention.
The first anode manifold port 2 and the second cathode manifold port 6 are respectively arranged at two sides of the width direction of the air inlet end; similarly, the second anode manifold 21 and the first cathode manifold 61 are provided on both sides in the width direction of the exhaust end.
In this embodiment, the bottom end structures of the first anode manifold port 2 and the second cathode manifold port 6 are the same, and the height of the first anode manifold port 2 is smaller than that of the second cathode manifold port 6; the bottom end structure of the second anode manifold 21 is the same as that of the first cathode manifold 61, and the height of the second anode manifold 21 is less than that of the first cathode manifold 61; furthermore, the top ends of the first anode manifold 2 and the second anode manifold 21 are respectively provided with a positioning area 4, and the positioning areas are provided with PIN card slots and positioning holes to realize plugging and positioning.
Two ends of the cooling flow field 11 are respectively connected with a cooling manifold port 10 and a cooling manifold port 101 through a cooling flow field transition region; one cooling manifold port 10 is arranged between the first anode manifold port 2 and the second cathode manifold port 6, and the other cooling manifold port 101 is arranged between the second anode manifold port 21 and the first cathode manifold port 61, so that the axial symmetry of the cooling flow field 11 is realized, the design is simple, and the cooling effect is good.
In order to fully utilize hydrogen and effectively drain water, the anode flow field is a wave-shaped bent airflow channel; to reduce the performance loss caused by excessive pressure drop, the cathode flow field is a straight gas flow channel.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a symmetrical formula fuel cell bipolar plate, includes anode plate and the negative plate that the back is connected, is equipped with the anode flow field on this anode plate, is equipped with the cathode flow field on this negative plate, and anode plate and negative plate back coupling constitute cooling flow field, its characterized in that:
the anode plate is also provided with a first anode manifold port and a second anode manifold port which are respectively communicated with two ends of the anode flow field;
the cathode plate is also provided with a first cathode manifold port and a second cathode manifold port which are respectively communicated with two ends of the cathode flow field;
an anode flow field air inlet transition area is arranged between the first anode manifold port and the anode flow field; a cathode flow field exhaust transition area is also arranged between the second cathode manifold port and the cathode flow field;
the anode flow field air inlet transition area and the cathode flow field exhaust transition area are arranged in a mirror image or symmetry mode;
defining the direction from the first anode manifold port to the second anode manifold port as the length direction, and the vertical length direction as the width direction; the anode flow field air inlet transition area and the cathode flow field exhaust transition area are all provided with a plurality of transition grooves extending in the width direction; each transition groove is correspondingly communicated to the corresponding anode flow field and the corresponding cathode flow field area so as to play a role in uniform gas guiding.
2. The symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein:
an anode flow field exhaust transition area is also arranged between the second anode manifold port and the anode flow field; a cathode flow field air inlet transition area is arranged between the first cathode manifold port and the cathode flow field; the anode flow field exhaust transition region is mirrored or symmetrical to the cathode flow field intake transition region.
3. The symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein: the first anode manifold port and the second cathode manifold port are respectively arranged at two sides of one end in the width direction; similarly, the second anode manifold port and the first cathode manifold port are respectively arranged at two sides of the other end in the width direction;
the first anode manifold port and the second anode manifold port are arranged on different sides, and the first cathode manifold port and the second cathode manifold port are arranged on different sides in the width direction.
4. The symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein: the first anode manifold port and the second cathode manifold port are arranged on two opposite sides in the width direction; the second anode manifold port and the first cathode manifold port are also arranged on two opposite sides in the width direction.
5. The symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein: the bottom end structures of the first anode manifold port and the second cathode manifold port are the same, and the height of the first anode manifold port is smaller than that of the second cathode manifold port;
the second anode manifold port has the same structure as the bottom end of the first cathode manifold port, and the height of the second anode manifold port is smaller than that of the first cathode manifold port;
the top ends of the first anode manifold port and the second anode manifold port are respectively provided with a positioning area, and the positioning areas are provided with PIN needle clamping grooves and positioning holes.
6. A symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the anode flow field is a wave-shaped bent airflow channel; the cathode flow field is a straight gas flow channel.
7. The symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the cathode plate and the anode plate are made of graphite.
8. A symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein: the two ends of the cooling flow field are respectively connected with a cooling manifold port through a cooling flow field transition region; one of the cooling manifolds is disposed between the first anode manifold and the second cathode manifold, and the other cooling manifold is disposed between the second anode manifold and the first cathode manifold.
9. The symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 8, wherein: the transition region of the cooling flow field is an axisymmetric or point-symmetric channel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023156511.2U CN218471991U (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023156511.2U CN218471991U (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN218471991U true CN218471991U (en) | 2023-02-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202023156511.2U Active CN218471991U (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Symmetric fuel cell bipolar plate |
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| CN (1) | CN218471991U (en) |
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- 2020-12-24 CN CN202023156511.2U patent/CN218471991U/en active Active
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