CN218436969U - Standard penetration test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a standard penetration test device, the degree of depth that measurable quantity drilling rod got into the soil layer makes the drilling rod get into the soil layer with vertical state, the hammering number of times of record punching hammer. The SPT apparatus comprises: the injection device comprises a drill rod and an injector connected below the drill rod; the righting device comprises a sliding part, a plurality of inclination angle sensors and a plurality of hydraulic adjusting rods, the drill rod is coaxially sleeved in the sliding part, and the sliding part is connected with the drill rod in a sliding manner along the length direction of the drill rod; the inclination angle sensor is arranged on the sliding part, each hydraulic adjusting rod respectively comprises a first end and a second end moving relative to the first end, the second end is movably connected with the inclination angle sensor, the first ends of the hydraulic adjusting rods are distributed on the same horizontal plane, and a rotatable hinge point is formed at each first end; the inclination angle sensor is used for detecting each real-time angle between the sliding piece and each hydraulic adjusting rod, and the penetration device keeps a vertical state along with the drill rod when each real-time angle is the same.

Description

Standard penetration test device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a geotechnical engineering exploration technical field especially relates to a standard penetration test device.

Background

The standard penetration test is the most commonly used in-situ testing method in geotechnical engineering investigation, and is often used in conjunction with drilling. In the drilling stage, a winch is used for driving a drill rod to drill downwards to a position which is about 15 cm higher than the elevation of a test soil layer, then a standard penetration test is carried out, the penetration hammering times are recorded, and the change of the soil layer and the engineering property of soil are judged.

However, the current standard penetration test device needs manual recording of the penetration hammering times, and needs manual centering of the drill rod in the hammering process to vertically drive the drill rod into a soil layer, so that the problem that the measurement result is inaccurate due to manual counting errors and drill rod inclination can often occur, and the whole device is large and has certain potential safety hazards.

Therefore, the utility model provides a standard penetration test device to improve the experimental degree of automation of standard penetration, promote the experimental accuracy nature and the security of standard penetration.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that lie in to above-mentioned prior art in not enough, provide a standard penetration test device, can ensure that the drilling rod of penetration test stage keeps vertical state to get into the soil layer, reduce artifical the participation, improved the accuracy of test data on the basis of ensuring personal safety.

A SPT apparatus comprising: the device comprises a penetration device and a centering device, wherein the penetration device comprises a drill rod and a penetration device connected below the drill rod. The righting device includes: the drill rod is coaxially sleeved in the sliding part, and the sliding part is connected with the drill rod in a sliding mode along the length direction of the drill rod. The inclination angle sensor is arranged on the sliding part, each hydraulic adjusting rod respectively comprises a first end and a second end moving relative to the first end, the second end is movably connected with the inclination angle sensor, the first ends of the hydraulic adjusting rods are distributed on the same horizontal plane, and a rotatable hinge point is formed at each first end. The inclination angle sensor is used for detecting each real-time angle between the sliding piece and each hydraulic adjusting rod, and the penetrometer is configured to keep a vertical state along with the drill rod when the real-time angles are the same.

The utility model provides an injection ware connect in the one end that is used for boring into ground of drilling rod is convenient for accomplish the soil layer sample of injection test to, this application does not prescribe a limit to the connected mode of injection ware and drilling rod, as long as can stabilize connect and convenient to detach can, exemplary, can adopt threaded connection. The structure and shape of the sliding part are not limited in the present application, as long as the sliding part can slide relative to the drill rod, and the sliding part may be a cylindrical structure. Alternatively, the inner wall of the sliding member may be configured as a columnar structure, and the outer wall may be configured as a prismatic structure. The connection mode of the second end of the hydraulic adjusting rod and the inclination angle sensor is not limited, and the hydraulic adjusting rod can be connected in a rotating mode as long as the hydraulic adjusting rod can be connected in a rotating mode. For example, the connection between the second end and the tilt sensor may be a hinge.

The position of placing of this application to each hydraulic pressure regulation pole's first end does not limit as long as each first end all distributes on same horizontal plane and forms rotatable pin joint can. Illustratively, the first ends may be distributed on a plank that remains horizontally disposed, or, illustratively, the first ends may be distributed on the same horizontal plane of a rack. In addition, the number of the hydraulic pressure adjusting rods is not limited in the present application, as long as a stable structure can be formed. For example, three hydraulic adjusting rods can be arranged to drive the sliding piece to slide on the drill rod.

The application discloses standard penetration test device, the inclined angle sensor of being convenient for install on the slider surface, each inclined angle sensor carries out swing joint with the second end of each hydraulic pressure regulation pole, and the first end of each hydraulic pressure regulation pole distributes on same level to form rotatable pin joint, the connection position at each hydraulic pressure regulation pole's both ends all can rotate, and then realize that each inclined angle sensor is right slider and each the detection of each real-time angle that forms between the hydraulic pressure regulation pole, when each real-time angle is different, each hydraulic pressure regulation pole carries out flexible regulation, makes the slider slide on the drilling rod, and until each real-time angle is the same, the slider is in vertical state with the drilling rod, in order to solve artifical righting and cause the unsafe problem of measuring result, and improved the security.

In one embodiment, the SPT apparatus further comprises a drop hammer device, the drop hammer device comprising: the guide limiting rod is connected to the upper end portion of the drill rod, the guide limiting rod is coaxially sleeved in the first elevator, and the fixed end of the first steel wire rope is connected to the first elevator. Along the length direction of the guide limiting rod, the first steel wire rope drives the first elevator to move up and down. The guide limiting rod is coaxially sleeved in the piercing hammer, the first lifter can be detachably installed in the piercing hammer in a limiting mode, so that the piercing hammer moves upwards along with the first lifter, when the piercing hammer passes through a certain position of the guide limiting rod, the piercing hammer is separated from the first lifter and then falls, and the hammer falling function of the device is achieved.

In one embodiment, the first elevator is provided with a reducing position at a position on the guide limiting rod where the guide limiting rod moves through, the diameter of the guide limiting rod at one side of the reducing position close to the drill rod is a first diameter, the diameter of the guide limiting rod at one side of the reducing position far away from the drill rod is a second diameter, and the first diameter is larger than the second diameter. The diameter-changing position is provided with a counting sensor, and the counting sensor is used for detecting the falling frequency of the piercing hammer. The utility model provides a direction gag lever post adopts above-mentioned structure to be convenient for place the count sensor in reducing department, and the count sensor can automatic recording injection hammering number of times, avoids artificial count error.

In one embodiment, the first elevator is provided with a stopper protruding at least one of an outer wall and an inner wall of the first elevator. When the limiting device protrudes out of the outer wall of the first elevator, the first elevator and the piercing hammer are in a limiting installation state. When the limiting device protrudes out of the inner wall of the first elevator, the first elevator and the piercing hammer are in a separation state. The shape of the stopper is not limited, and the center-penetrating hammer can be installed in a detachable limiting mode. Illustratively, the retainer may be a steel ball. Adopt the standard penetration test device of this application, through the stopper in the position change of the inside and outside wall of first elevator, realize the spacing installation of liftoff of punching hammer.

In one embodiment, the guide limiting rod comprises a conical joint, the conical joint is detachably connected with the upper end of the drill rod, and the conical joint comprises a first plane used for receiving hammering of downward movement of the piercing hammer. For example, the detachable connection between the cone adapter and the upper end of the drill rod in the present application may be a threaded connection or a snap connection. The detachable connection structure of the conical joint and the upper end of the drill rod is adopted, so that convenient detachment and installation between the guide limiting rod and the drill rod are facilitated.

In one embodiment, the SPT apparatus further comprises a bracket, the bracket comprises a plurality of support rods, and the hinge point is located on the support rods, so that the first end of the hydraulic adjusting rod can be conveniently installed.

In one embodiment, the bracket further comprises a connecting rod, the connecting rod is located between two adjacent supporting rods, and at least one hinge point is located on the connecting rod. The application is right the quantity of connecting rod does not do the restriction, as long as according to the connection needs of each first end of each hydraulic pressure regulation pole of choosing set up can. For example, if three hydraulic pressure adjusting rods are selected, the first end of one of the hydraulic pressure adjusting rods may be connected to the connecting rod to constitute a stable structure. The first ends of the hydraulic adjusting rods are connected to the connecting rod, the connectable positions of the first ends of the hydraulic adjusting rods can be increased, and therefore the hydraulic adjusting rods are further guaranteed to be stably and uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the sliding part.

In one embodiment, the bracket is provided with a pulley, the pulley is sleeved with a second steel wire rope, and the second steel wire rope is connected to the free end of the first steel wire rope, so that the drop hammer device can be conveniently detached and installed.

In one embodiment, the SPT apparatus further comprises a hole depth measuring device, the hole depth measuring device comprising: displacement sensor, second elevator and vertical scroll, displacement sensor set up in the support top, the winding has third wire rope on displacement sensor's the inside wheel hub, third wire rope's expansion end is connected the second elevator, the second elevator is connected the vertical scroll, the vertical scroll is connected the upper end of drilling rod, third wire rope is used for detecting the drilling rod bores the degree of depth on ground, realizes the function that the drilling rod of this application record probing stage bored the degree of depth to experimental soil layer downwards.

In one embodiment, the SPT apparatus further comprises a central control unit, the central control unit comprising: the processor is in signal connection with the display, the processor is in signal connection with the inclination angle sensor, the processor is used for controlling the telescopic length of each hydraulic adjusting rod, the processor is in signal connection with the displacement sensor, the processor is in signal connection with the counting sensor, and the display is used for displaying the falling times of the center-piercing hammer and the displacement parameters of the third steel wire rope, so that the functions of counting and depth measurement of the whole device are realized, and the automation degree of the device is further improved.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and the present application may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description so as to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and the detailed description of the present application will be given below in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a standard penetration test apparatus of the present application at a penetration test stage;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the centralizer according to the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the drop hammer device of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the SPT apparatus of the present application during the drilling phase;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a related structure of the hole depth measuring device of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1-a penetration device; 11-a penetration device; 12-a drill rod;

2-a righting device; 21-a slide; 22-a tilt sensor; 23-a first hydraulic adjusting rod; 24-a second hydraulic adjusting rod; 25-a third hydraulic adjusting rod;

231-a first end of a first hydraulic adjustment lever; 232-the second end of the first hydraulic adjustment lever;

241-a first end of a second hydraulic adjustment lever; 242-a second end of a second hydraulic adjustment lever;

251-a first end of a third hydraulic adjustment bar; 252-a second end of a third hydraulic adjustment lever;

3-a drop hammer device; 31-a guide limiting rod; 32-a first elevator; 33-a first steel cord; 34-a punching hammer; 35-a counting sensor; 36-a stopper;

311-taper joint; 312-a first diameter; 313-a second size;

3111-a first plane;

331-a fixed end of the first wire rope; 332-the free end of the first wire rope;

4-a winch; 41-a second wire rope; 42-vertical shaft assembly;

5-a central control device; 51-a processor; 52-a display;

6-a hole depth measuring device; 61-a displacement sensor; 62-a second elevator; 63-vertical axis;

611-a third steel cord; 6111-the movable end of the third wire rope;

7-a scaffold; 71-a first support bar; 72-a second support bar; 73-a third support bar; 74-a fourth support bar; 75-a connecting rod; 76-a base;

8-pulley

Detailed Description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, as those skilled in the art will be able to make similar modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

It should be noted that "righting" in this embodiment means that the element is in a vertical state.

In the prior art, a standard penetration test is carried out by manually centering a drill rod, the problem that the measurement result is inaccurate due to the inclination of the drill rod often occurs, and certain potential safety hazards exist.

In view of the above-described problems, the present applicant has provided a SPT apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the penetrating device 1 and the righting device 2, wherein, the penetrating device 1 includes drilling rod 12 and penetrating ware 11, and the penetrating ware 11 carries out threaded connection with the one end that is used for boring into ground of drilling rod 12, is convenient for sample the soil layer in the process of the test. The righting device 2 includes: the drill rod 12 is coaxially sleeved in the sliding part 21, the sliding part 21 is slidably connected with the drill rod 12 along the length direction of the drill rod 12, the inclination angle sensor 22 is arranged on the sliding part 21, the hydraulic adjusting rods respectively comprise first ends and second ends moving relative to the first ends, the second ends are hinged with the inclination angle sensors 22, and the first ends are distributed on the same horizontal plane. Referring to fig. 2, the first hydraulic pressure adjusting rod 23 includes a first end 231 and a second end 232, the second hydraulic pressure adjusting rod 24 includes a first end 241 and a second end 242, and the third hydraulic pressure adjusting rod 25 includes a first end 251 and a second end 252, wherein the first end 231 of the first hydraulic pressure adjusting rod forms a rotatable hinge point O1, the first end 241 of the second hydraulic pressure adjusting rod forms a rotatable hinge point O2, the first end 251 of the third hydraulic pressure adjusting rod forms a rotatable hinge point O3, the connection portions of the two ends of each hydraulic pressure adjusting rod can rotate, the second end of each hydraulic pressure adjusting rod and the outer wall of the slider 21 form real-time angles θ 1, θ 2, θ 3, respectively, and each tilt sensor 22 detects the real-time angles θ 1, θ 2, θ 3.

In one embodiment, when the real-time angles θ 1, θ 2, and θ 3 detected by the tilt sensor 22 are not 90 ° at the same time, it indicates that the drill rod 12 in the sliding member 21 is not in the vertical state, and at this time, the hydraulic adjusting rods perform telescopic adjustment to slide the sliding member 21 on the drill rod 12 until the tilt sensor 22 detects that the real-time angles θ 1, θ 2, and θ 3 are all 90 °, it indicates that the drill rod 12 is being straightened and in the vertical state.

In the present scheme, when the detected real-time angles θ 1, θ 2, and θ 3 are all 90 °, it is indicated that the drill rod 12 is in a vertical state, wherein the preset values of the detected real-time angles θ 1, θ 2, and θ 3 may be any one of 0 to 180 °, and as long as the real-time angles θ 1, θ 2, and θ 3 are the same value, it is indicated that the drill rod 12 has been kept in the vertical state.

As shown in fig. 1, the connection mode of the penetration device 11 and the drill rod 12 is a threaded connection, and the connection mode of the penetration device and the drill rod is not limited in the present application as long as the penetration device and the drill rod can be firmly connected and are convenient to detach. As is clear from the centralizer 2 of fig. 1, the slider 21 of the present application is cylindrical, and the inclination sensor 22 can be easily attached thereto, and the present application does not limit the structure and shape of the slider 21, as long as it can slide relative to the drill rod. For example, the structure of the sliding member 21 may be such that the inner wall is configured as a columnar structure and the outer wall is configured as a prismatic structure. In addition, the second ends of the hydraulic adjusting rods are hinged to the tilt angle sensor 22, so that the second ends are rotatably connected with the tilt angle sensor 22.

Further, the first end of each hydraulic pressure regulation pole of this application distributes on same horizontal plane and forms rotatable pin joint, and this application does not do the injecing to the position of placing of the first end of each hydraulic pressure regulation pole, and is exemplary, and each above-mentioned first end can distribute on a plank that keeps horizontal placing, forms rotatable pin joint with the plank. And, the standard penetration test device of this application adopts three hydraulic pressure to adjust the pole and drive slider 21 and slide on drilling rod 12, and this application does not do the restriction to the quantity of each hydraulic pressure regulation pole, as long as can form stable structure can.

In one embodiment, the SPT apparatus further comprises a drop hammer apparatus 3, wherein the drop hammer apparatus 3 comprises: a guide limit rod 31, a first lifter 32, a first wire rope 33 and a through hammer 34. Referring to fig. 3, the guiding limiting rod 31 is sleeved in the first elevator 32, the fixed end 331 of the first wire rope is connected to the first elevator 32, the first wire rope 33 drives the first elevator 32 to move up and down along the length direction of the guiding limiting rod 31, the guiding limiting rod 31 is coaxially sleeved in the piercing hammer 34, the first elevator 32 is detachably installed in the piercing hammer 34 in a limiting manner, so that the piercing hammer 34 moves up along with the first elevator 32, and when passing through a certain position of the guiding limiting rod 31, the piercing hammer 34 is separated from the first elevator 32 and then falls down, thereby realizing the drop hammer.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the first elevator 32 is provided with a reducing position at a position on the guiding and limiting rod 31 moving through, the diameter of the guiding and limiting rod 31 at the reducing position on the side close to the drill rod 12 is a first diameter 312, the diameter of the guiding and limiting rod 31 at the reducing position on the side far away from the drill rod 12 is a second diameter 313, and the first diameter 312 is larger than the second diameter 313. The diameter-variable position is provided with a counting sensor 35, and the counting sensor 35 is used for detecting the falling frequency of the piercing hammer 34.

Guide limiting rod 31 adopts above-mentioned structure to be convenient for place count sensor 35 in reducing department, and count sensor 35 can automatic recording injection hammering number of times, avoids artificial count error.

In addition, the first elevator 36 is provided with an inner wall and an outer wall, a through hole is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall, a limiter 36 is arranged in the through hole, the limiter 36 is a steel ball, when the first elevator 32 enters the piercing hammer 34, the outer wall of the guide limiting rod 31 and the limiter 36 are extruded because the guide limiting rod 31 is arranged in the first elevator 32, so that the limiter 36 protrudes out of the outer wall of the first elevator 32, and the first elevator 32 and the piercing hammer 34 are installed in a limiting mode; when the first elevator 32 drives the piercing hammer 34 to move upwards, the first elevator 32 passes through the diameter-changing position of the guide limiting rod 31, and at this time, the guide limiting rod 31 becomes narrow, the stopper 36 is not extruded any more, the stopper 36 protrudes out of the inner wall of the first elevator 32, and the first elevator 32 is separated from the piercing hammer 34.

Illustratively, the stopper 36 of the present application is a steel ball, which facilitates the limit installation and separation of the piercing hammer 34 and the first elevator 32, and the shape of the stopper 36 is not limited as long as the detachable limit installation of the piercing hammer 34 and the first elevator 32 can be realized.

As shown in fig. 3, the guide limit rod 31 includes a taper joint 311, the taper joint 311 is screwed with the upper end of the drill rod 12, and the taper joint 311 includes a first plane 3111, and the first plane 3111 is used for receiving hammering of the downward movement of the piercing hammer 34.

For example, the detachable connection mode between the taper joint 311 and the upper end of the drill rod 12 in the present application is a threaded connection, which facilitates convenient detachment and installation between the guide limiting rod 31 and the drill rod 12. And, the connection mode of the two can also adopt the joint, as long as can realize that the upper end of direction gag lever post 31 and drilling rod 12 is connected and is dismantled firmly.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the SPT apparatus further comprises a bracket 7, the bracket 7 comprises a first support rod 71, a second support rod 72, a third support rod 73, a fourth support rod 74 and a base 76, and as shown in fig. 2, a hinge point O1 is located on the first support rod 71, and a hinge point O2 is located on the second support rod 72, so as to facilitate installation with the first end of each hydraulic pressure adjusting rod. Wherein, the whole tower form that is of support 7 places to the ground, and each bracing piece bottom welds on base 76, and the shape of each bracing piece is rectangular, and the shape of the pole that constitutes the base is rectangular triangle-shaped, and the material of each bracing piece and base is steel.

This application does not do the restriction to the overall structure and the material of support 7, as long as can support the intensity of integrated device and stably place can. For example, the support of the present application may be a tower or other stable structure, the shape of each component may be an elongated rectangle or an elongated cylinder, the material may be steel or cast iron, and the number of each component may be adjusted as required. The bottom ends of the support rods can be welded or screwed on the base 76, and the connection mode between each support rod and the base 76 is not limited in the application, as long as the stable connection between the support rods and the base 76 can be realized.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the bracket 7 further includes a connecting rod 75, the connecting rod 75 is located between the third supporting rod 73 and the fourth supporting rod 74 and welded to the third supporting rod 73 and the fourth supporting rod 74, and as shown in fig. 2, a hinge point O3 is disposed on the connecting rod 75.

The number of the connecting rods 75 is not limited in the application, and the connecting rods can be set according to the connection requirements of the first ends of the selected hydraulic adjusting rods. Illustratively, if three hydraulic pressure adjusting levers are selected, the first end of one of the hydraulic pressure adjusting levers may be connected to the connecting rod 75 to constitute a stable structure. Or, for example, when three hydraulic pressure adjusting rods are selected, the bracket is provided with three support rods, and a connecting rod is respectively arranged between the support rods, so that the first ends of the hydraulic pressure adjusting rods can be respectively connected to the connecting rods. The first ends of the hydraulic adjusting rods are connected to the connecting rod, the connectable positions of the first ends of the hydraulic adjusting rods can be increased, and therefore the hydraulic adjusting rods are further guaranteed to be stably and uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the sliding part.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the bracket 7 is provided with a pulley 8, the pulley 8 is sleeved with a second steel wire rope 41, and the second steel wire rope 41 is connected to the free end 332 of the first steel wire rope, so that the drop hammer device 3 can be detached and installed conveniently.

Before the penetration test phase is carried out, the soil layer needs to be drilled, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the standard penetration test device further comprises a hole depth measuring device 6, and the hole depth measuring device 6 comprises: the displacement sensor 61 is arranged at the top of the support 7, a third steel wire rope 611 is wound on an inner hub of the displacement sensor 61, a movable end 6111 of the third steel wire rope is connected with the second elevator 62, the second elevator 62 is connected with the vertical shaft 63, the vertical shaft 63 is connected with the upper end of the drill rod 12, and the third steel wire rope 611 detects the drilling depth of the drill rod 12 into the ground so as to record the drilling depth of the drill rod downwards to a test soil layer in the drilling stage.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the SPT apparatus further includes a central control unit 5, and the central control unit 5 includes: the processor 51 is in signal connection with the display 52, the processor 51 is in signal connection with the tilt sensor 22, the processor 51 is used for controlling the telescopic length of each hydraulic adjusting rod, the processor 51 is in signal connection with the displacement sensor 61 and the counting sensor 35, and the display 52 displays the falling frequency of the piercing hammer 34 and the displacement parameter of the third steel wire rope 611, so that counting and depth measurement of the whole device in the test process are achieved.

Based on the structure of the standard penetration test device, the involved standard penetration test processes respectively comprise a drilling stage and a penetration test stage. The specific process is as follows:

referring to fig. 5, in the drilling stage, the third wire rope 611 in the displacement sensor 61 is pulled out by a length before drilling, the length is defined as the zero scale of the displacement sensor 61, when the vertical shaft assembly 42 drives the vertical shaft 63 to move downwards, the drill pipe 12 enters the soil layer, in the process, the second elevator 62 moves downwards along with the vertical shaft 63, the third wire rope 611 in the displacement sensor 61 is elongated, after the drill pipe 12 completely enters the soil, the drilling is stopped temporarily, at the moment, the third wire rope 611 is pulled out by a length from the zero scale downwards, the displacement sensor 61 sends a signal to the processor 51 for processing, and the display 52 displays the depth of the drill pipe entering the soil layer. Since a drill rod with a certain length is composed of a plurality of short drill rods, the drill rods are extended by threaded connection among the short drill rods, then the vertical shaft 63 and the upper end part of the drill rod 12 are unscrewed, a new drill rod 12 is connected to extend the length of the drill rod, the vertical shaft 63 and the upper end part of the new drill rod 12 are in threaded connection, so that the third steel wire rope 611 returns to a zero scale position, and then the vertical shaft assembly 42 is started to continuously drive the vertical shaft 63 and the extended drill rod 12 to drill downwards. The above drilling process is repeated until the drilling is finished, the processor 51 sums the displacement parameters of the third steel wire rope 611 every time, and the display finally displays the total depth of the drill rod 12 drilled into the soil layer.

Referring to fig. 1, in the penetration test stage, the centralizer 2 is used to detect whether the drill rod 12 is in a vertical state, if the drill rod 12 is not in the vertical state, the drill rod is centralized, the centralizer is not used in the subsequent test process, then, the second wire rope 41 is released by the winch 4, so that the first wire rope 33 and the first elevator 32 move downwards, the first elevator 32 enters the penetrating hammer 34, the stopper 36 is installed in a limiting manner with the penetrating hammer 34, then, the winch 4 winds up the second wire rope 41, the first wire rope 33 and the first elevator 32 as well as the penetrating hammer 34 move upwards, when the first elevator 32 and the penetrating hammer 34 pass through the reducing position of the guide limiting rod 31, the stopper 36 is separated from the penetrating hammer 34, the penetrating hammer 34 falls downwards, and the first plane 3111 of the conical joint 311 of the guide limiting rod 31 receives the hammering hammer 34, so that the guide limiting rods 31 and 12 as well as the drill rod 11 move downwards. In the process of passing through once, the first elevator 32 passes through the diameter-changing position twice, wherein the first elevator 32 is connected with the piercing hammer 34 at one time, and the first elevator 32 and the piercing hammer 34 are separated at the other time and pass through the diameter-changing position of the guide limiting rod 31 together. That is, the first elevator 32 passes the counting sensor 35 twice, the counting sensor 35 records the number of times the first elevator 32 passes twice, a signal is transmitted to the processor 51, and the processor 51 processes the data to obtain a result that the piercing hammer 34 falls once, and then the result is displayed on the display 52. The hammering process is repeated until the test is finished, and finally the hammering times of the punching hammer 34 in the test process are displayed on the display 52.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A SPT apparatus, comprising:

the device comprises a penetration device and a control device, wherein the penetration device comprises a drill rod and a penetration device connected below the drill rod;

the righting device comprises a sliding part, a plurality of inclination angle sensors and a plurality of hydraulic adjusting rods, the drill rod is coaxially sleeved in the sliding part, and the sliding part is connected with the drill rod in a sliding manner along the length direction of the drill rod;

the inclination angle sensor is arranged on the sliding part, each hydraulic adjusting rod respectively comprises a first end and a second end moving relative to the first end, the second end is movably connected with the inclination angle sensor, the first ends of the hydraulic adjusting rods are distributed on the same horizontal plane, and a rotatable hinge point is formed at each first end;

the inclination angle sensor is used for detecting each real-time angle between the sliding piece and each hydraulic adjusting rod, and the penetrometer is configured to keep a vertical state along with the drill rod when the real-time angles are the same.

2. The SPT apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a drop weight device;

the drop hammer device includes: the guide limiting rod is connected to the upper end of the drill rod, the guide limiting rod is coaxially sleeved in the first elevator, and the fixed end of the first steel wire rope is connected to the first elevator; the first steel wire rope drives the first elevator to move up and down along the length direction of the guide limiting rod; the guide limiting rod is coaxially sleeved in the punching hammer, and the first elevator can be detachably and limitedly arranged in the punching hammer so as to enable the punching hammer to move upwards along with the first elevator.

3. The standard penetration test device according to claim 2, wherein the first elevator is provided with a diameter-changing position at a position on the guide limiting rod along which the first elevator moves, the diameter of the guide limiting rod at one side of the diameter-changing position close to the drill rod is a first diameter, the diameter of the guide limiting rod at one side of the diameter-changing position far away from the drill rod is a second diameter, and the first diameter is larger than the second diameter;

the diameter-changing position is provided with a counting sensor, and the counting sensor is used for detecting the falling frequency of the piercing hammer.

4. The SPT apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the first elevator is provided with a stopper protruding from at least one of an outer wall and an inner wall of the first elevator;

when the limiter protrudes out of the outer wall of the first elevator, the first elevator and the core penetrating hammer are in a limiting installation state;

when the limiting device protrudes out of the inner wall of the first elevator, the first elevator and the piercing hammer are in a separation state.

5. The SPT apparatus of claim 4, wherein the guide limiting rod comprises a tapered joint, the tapered joint is detachably connected with the upper end of the drill rod, and the tapered joint comprises a first plane, and the first plane is used for receiving the hammering of the downward movement of the piercing hammer.

6. The SPT apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a support frame, said support frame comprising a plurality of support rods, said hinge points being located on said support rods.

7. The SPT apparatus of claim 6, wherein said frame further comprises a connecting bar, said connecting bar being positioned between two adjacent support bars, at least one of said hinge points being positioned on said connecting bar.

8. The SPT apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a pulley is disposed on the bracket, a second steel wire rope is sleeved on the pulley, and the second steel wire rope is connected to a free end of the first steel wire rope.

9. The apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a hole depth measuring device;

the hole depth measuring device includes: the vertical shaft is connected with the upper end part of the drill rod, and the third steel wire rope is used for detecting the drilling depth of the drill rod into the ground.

10. The SPT apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a central control unit;

the central control device includes: the processor is in signal connection with the display, the processor is in signal connection with the inclination angle sensor, the processor is used for controlling the telescopic length of each hydraulic adjusting rod, the processor is in signal connection with the displacement sensor, the processor is in signal connection with the counting sensor, and the display is used for displaying the falling frequency of the punching hammer and the displacement parameter of the third steel wire rope.

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