CN218427115U - Knife beating mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a lathe field more particularly, relates to a unclamping mechanism, include: the spindle assembly is used for mounting a cutter and comprises a beating disc protruding in the radial direction; the cutter beating arm can rotate around the rotating shaft, and comprises a force transmission arm extending from the rotating shaft to the cutter beating disc and a power arm extending from the rotating shaft to the direction far away from the cutter beating disc, wherein the force is applied to the power arm to drive the cutter beating arm to rotate around the rotating shaft in a forward rotation mode, so that the force transmission arm is abutted against the cutter beating disc, or the force is applied to the power arm to drive the cutter beating arm to rotate around the rotating shaft in a reverse rotation mode, and the abutting state of the force transmission arm and the cutter beating disc is relieved; and the rotation stopping body is positioned at the end point of the reverse path of the unclamping arm. The utility model discloses set up on the reversal path of beating the sword arm and stop turning the reversal angle that limits the arm of beating the sword, when beating the sword arm motion, the power arm free end can accurately insert the piece of beating the sword, has guaranteed the reliability of tool changing.

Description

Knife beating mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the lathe field, more specifically relates to a vertical numerically-controlled machine tool's mechanism of forging a knife.

Background

CN2015202275865 discloses a knife beating device, which acts on a knife beating disc on a main shaft through the rotation of a knife beating arm to provide power for a loose knife and a tight knife of the main shaft. In the technology, the loosening cutter of the main shaft drives the unclamping arm to rotate forwards through the unclamping block, so that the unclamping arm acts on the unclamping disc, and the tightening cutter of the main shaft pulls the unclamping arm to rotate backwards through the tension spring so that the unclamping arm is withdrawn from the force transmission state with the unclamping disc. However, when the reversal angle of the knife striking arm is too large due to the restoring force of the continuous tension spring, the roller at the top of the knife striking arm is separated from the inclined plane of the knife striking block in the vertical direction, so that the roller cannot contact the inclined plane and is guided by the inclined plane in the vertical lifting process of the knife striking arm, and the knife striking is failed at the moment.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

A primary object of the present invention is to provide a unclamping mechanism, which can control the reversal angle of the unclamping arm, and ensure unclamping reliability.

This mechanism of forging a knife includes:

the spindle assembly is used for mounting a cutter and comprises a beating disc protruding in the radial direction;

the cutter beating arm can rotate around the rotating shaft, and comprises a force transmission arm extending from the rotating shaft to the cutter beating disc and a power arm extending from the rotating shaft to the direction far away from the cutter beating disc, wherein the force is applied to the power arm to drive the cutter beating arm to rotate around the rotating shaft in a forward rotation mode, so that the force transmission arm is abutted against the cutter beating disc, or the force is applied to the power arm to drive the cutter beating arm to rotate around the rotating shaft in a reverse rotation mode, and the abutting state of the force transmission arm and the cutter beating disc is relieved;

and the rotation stopping body is positioned at the end point of the reverse path of the unclamping arm and used for stopping the unclamping arm.

Further preferably, the rotation stopping body comprises a rotation stopping end used for being contacted with the unclamping arm, and the distance between the rotation stopping end and the rotating shaft is adjustable.

Further preferably, the rotation stopping end is located at an end point of a reverse rotation path of the transmission arm.

Further preferably, the transmission arm is in surface contact with the stopping end.

Further preferably, the rotation stopping body comprises a screw rod positioned above the force transmission arm, the rotation stopping end is arranged at the bottom end of the screw rod, and the vertical distance between the screw rod and the rotating shaft is adjusted through rotary feeding.

Further preferably, the position of the upper surface of the transmission arm, which corresponds to the rotation stopping end, is provided with a matching groove in a downward concave manner, and the matching groove is provided with a rotation stopping plane which is in surface contact with the bottom surface of the screw rod.

Preferably, the support seats are arranged on two sides of the unclamping arm, the rotating shaft of the unclamping arm is horizontally fixed on the support seats, the circumferential surface of the end part of the rotating shaft is provided with a positioning hole, a threaded hole is formed in the support seat corresponding to the positioning hole, and a positioning bolt screwed in the threaded hole penetrates into the positioning hole.

Further preferably, the unclamping mechanism further comprises a spindle box, the spindle assembly and the transmission arm are both located in the spindle box, a pipeline installation part is arranged on the spindle box, and the pipeline installation part is used for carrying a liquid supply pipeline of cutting liquid.

Further preferably, the unclamping mechanism further comprises a spindle box, the spindle assembly and the transmission arm are both located in the spindle box, an observation window is arranged in the position, corresponding to the spindle assembly, of the spindle box, and a sealing plate is detachably arranged on the observation window in a covering mode.

Preferably, an oil discharge groove is formed in the peripheral wall of the bottom of the observation window, and a gap communicated with the oil discharge groove is formed between the sealing plate and the observation window.

The utility model discloses a technical scheme has following advantage or one of beneficial effect at least among the above-mentioned technical scheme: the utility model discloses set up on the reversal path of beating the sword arm and end the reversal angle of turning and limiting the arm of beating the sword, when beating the sword arm motion, the power arm free end can accurately insert the piece of beating the sword, has guaranteed the reliability of tool changing.

Drawings

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples;

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a unclamping mechanism;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the unclamping mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating the adjustment of the distance between the rotation stop end and the rotating shaft;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tool changing state;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the unclamping mechanism;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the headstock;

fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 6.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as the directions or positional relationships indicated by upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but not for indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, a plurality of means are one or more, a plurality of means are two or more, and the terms greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood as not including the number, and the terms greater than, less than, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" is to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection or a movable connection, a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically, electrically or otherwise in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through both elements or indirectly connected through any combination thereof.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different aspects of the invention.

The embodiment discloses a vertical machining center, in particular to a knife beating mechanism of the vertical machining center. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the vertical machining center includes a bed 100, and a unclamping mechanism including an unclamping arm, a rotation stopping body, and a spindle assembly 200. The spindle assembly 200 is used for mounting a tool, and is arranged vertically, a striking disc 201 is arranged in a protruding manner in the radial direction, and a striking face is formed on the striking disc 201. The knife driving arm is used for driving a knife loosening and a knife tightening of the spindle assembly 200, the spindle assembly 200 is loosened by abutting against and applying force to a knife driving surface, and the spindle assembly 200 is tightened by withdrawing the acting force on the knife driving surface.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the spindle assembly 200 is mounted in a spindle head 300, and a driving motor 202 for driving the spindle assembly 200 to rotate is further provided at an upper end of the spindle head 300. The tool beating arm 1 comprises a power arm 11 and a force transmission arm 12 which form a lever structure, the tool beating arm 1 can rotate along a rotating shaft 13 which is installed and connected in the spindle box 300, the rotating shaft 13 is arranged along the horizontal direction, the tool beating arm 1 extends from the rotating shaft 13 to the tool beating disc 201 direction to form the force transmission arm 12, and the free end of the force transmission arm 12 is positioned above a tool beating surface; the beater arm 1 extends from the rotating shaft 13 to a direction away from the beater disc 201 to form a power arm 11. As shown in fig. 4, the tool changing operation of the spindle assembly 200 is as follows: as shown in fig. 4a, the knife striking arm 1 and the force transmission arm 12 can rotate around the rotating shaft 13 in a forward direction by applying an acting force F to the power arm 11, and the free end of the force transmission arm 12 abuts against a knife striking surface, so that the spindle assembly 200 loosens a knife; as shown in fig. 4c, the pressing state between the transmission arm 12 and the striking surface can be released by removing the force F applied to the power arm 11, so that the spindle assembly 200 tightens the tool. As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the power arm 11 is further connected to a reset member, the other end of the reset member is opposite to the spindle assembly 200 and is connected to the spindle head 300, and after the above-mentioned acting force on the power arm 11 is cancelled, the reset member pulls the power arm 11 to form a restoring force on the power arm 11, so that the force transmission arm 12 is reversed, the force transmission arm 12 cancels the pressing action on the striking plate 201, and the spindle assembly 200 can tighten the knife more quickly. The preferred return member is a spring 2.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the spindle box 300 is further provided with a rotation stopper 3, and the rotation stopper 3 is located at an end point of a reverse rotation path of the unclamping arm 1 and is used for blocking the unclamping arm to limit a reverse rotation angle of the unclamping arm 1.

The spindle box 300 is vertically slidably disposed on a column of the bed 100, and a cutter block 4 is further disposed on the top of the column. The striking block 4 has a slant surface and a vertical surface. As shown in fig. 4b, in the upward movement process of the spindle box 300, the free end of the power arm 11 first abuts against the inclined surface, and is forced to rotate around the rotating shaft 13 in the forward direction under the guidance of the inclined surface, and the force transmission arm 12 starts to press against the knife-striking surface; as shown in fig. 4a, when the free end of the power arm 11 moves to the vertical position, the power transmission arm 12 rotates to the right position, and the spindle assembly 200 maintains the tool-loosening state; the spindle box 300 moves downwards until the power arm 11 reaches the inclined plane, the force transmission arm 12 rotates reversely, the power arm 11 is kept to abut against the inclined plane under the action of the reset piece, and the spindle assembly 200 is switched from the cutter loosening state to the cutter tightening state. As shown in fig. 4c, the headstock 300 may continue to move downward until the power arm 11 disengages from the bevel, after which the reverse rotation of the tool holder arm 1 is restricted by the rotation stopper 3 by contacting the rotation stopper 3.

The vertical machining center further comprises a clamping arm type tool magazine 400, wherein the clamping arm type tool magazine autorotates to drive a tool to reach the position below the spindle assembly 200, and the tool is loosened and tightened by the spindle assembly 200 to complete tool changing.

In the embodiment, the rotation stopping body 3 is arranged, and the reverse rotation range and the reverse rotation angle of the unclamping arm 1 are controlled. After the knife is tightened, the extension line of the motion path of the free end of the power arm 11 moving vertically along with the spindle box 300 always points to the inclined plane of the knife striking block 4 and does not deviate, namely, the free end of the power arm 11 can be accurately connected into the knife striking block 4, and the reliability of knife changing is ensured.

In some preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the rotation stopping body 3 includes a rotation stopping end 31 located in the spindle head 300, and the distance between the rotation stopping end 31 and the rotating shaft 13 is adjustable. In the installation, debugging and use processes, the distance between the rotation stopping end 31 and the rotating shaft 13 can be adjusted according to actual conditions to limit the reverse rotation angle of the unclamping arm 1. For example, when the unclamping arm 1 is applied to machining centers of different models, the distance can be adjusted to form the unclamping block 4 with offset position or to form an inclined plane with inclination deviation; or after long-term use, the rotation stopping end and the cutter arm are worn, and the distance can be adjusted to adapt to errors caused by wear.

As shown in fig. 4, the distance between the rotation stop end 31 and the rotating shaft 13 includes a vertical distance H and a horizontal distance L, and at least one of the distances H and L can be adjusted to achieve the same effect. For example, the vertical distance is adjusted by changing the depth of the rotation stopping body in the spindle box 300, and when the vertical distance becomes H1, the distance of the rotation stopping end 31a from the tool striking arm 1 becomes smaller, and the reverse rotation angle of the tool striking arm 1 becomes smaller; and vice versa. Or the horizontal position of the rotation stopping body in the spindle box 300 is changed to adjust the horizontal distance L, when the horizontal distance L1 is reduced, the rotation stopping end 31b is far away from the free end of the transmission arm 12, and the reverse rotation angle of the unclamping arm 1 is reduced. The rotation stop end 31 can be in contact with one of the power arm 11 and the force transmission arm 12 to block the knife arm 1 from further rotating reversely.

In some preferred embodiments, referring to fig. 5, the rotation stopping body 3 includes a screw 32, and the spindle box 300 is provided with a vertical screw hole 33, which is located above the transmission arm 12. A screw 32 is screwed into the screw hole 33 and extends into the spindle head 300, the screw 32 being located on the path of the reverse rotation of the transmission arm 12.

The end of screw 32 extending into headstock 300 forms a rotation stop end 31. The user adjusts the vertical distance H between the rotation stopping end 31 and the rotating shaft 13 by rotating the portion of the screw 32 exposed out of the spindle box 300, and when the vertical distance becomes smaller, the distance between the rotation stopping end 31 and the relative force arm 12 becomes smaller, and the reverse rotation angle of the unclamping arm 1 becomes smaller. The embodiment adopts the screw rod structure to adjust the vertical distance H, is convenient, and can also ensure the accuracy of the distance adjustment. The screw 32 is also provided with a nut 34, which nut 34 is located above the headstock 300 for further positioning of the screw 32.

Of course, in an embodiment not shown in the drawings, the spindle head is provided with a horizontal screw hole, the screw hole is located on the side of the power arm far from the spindle assembly 200, the end of the screw extending into the spindle head from the horizontal screw hole forms a rotation stop end, and the user rotates the portion of the screw exposed out of the spindle head to adjust the horizontal distance L between the rotation stop end and the rotating shaft.

When the tool arm 1 rotates reversely, the rotation stopping end collides with the force transmission arm 12, if the contact between the two is point contact or line contact, the collision will generate larger abnormal sound and vibration, the screw 32 is loosened and shifted slightly, and the tool arm 1 is damaged seriously. In some preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the force-transmitting arm 12 is provided with a mating slot 4 at a position corresponding to the rotation-stopping end 31. The matching groove 4 is downwards recessed relative to the upper surface of the transmission arm 12 to form a rotation stopping plane 41, and the rotation stopping plane 41 is used for forming surface contact with the rotation stopping end 31 when the unclamping arm 1 rotates reversely, so that the rotation stopping precision is improved, and the structural stability is ensured. In order to maintain the above surface contact effect, the user can adjust the depth of the screw 32 extending into the headstock 300, that is, the position between the rotation stop end 31 and the engagement groove 4.

For the sake of processing convenience, the fitting groove 4 is formed along the width direction of the force transmission arm 12.

In some preferred embodiments, a support seat 35 is disposed in the headstock 300, the rotating shaft 13 is horizontally fixed on the support seat 35, and the tool striking arm 1 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 13. A positioning hole, not shown, is formed in the circumferential surface of the end of the rotary shaft 13, a threaded hole is formed in the support base 35 at a position corresponding to the positioning hole, and a positioning bolt 36 screwed into the threaded hole penetrates into the positioning hole, so that the rotation of the rotary shaft 13 is prevented, and the reliability of the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the unclamping arm 1 is ensured.

In some preferred embodiments, the free end of the force transfer arm 12 is provided with a cam bearing 121 which is in rolling contact with the cutting surface, reducing wear of the cutting surface.

In some preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the headstock 300 is provided with a pipe mounting part 5 for mounting a liquid supply pipe, supplying cutting fluid from the outside, and cooling and lubricating the tool. Specifically, the pipe fitting portion 5 is formed in a stepped shape on the left and right side walls, and a through hole is formed in the stepped structure, and the axes of the through holes are substantially coincident. A connection pipe is inserted into the two through holes, not shown, and the main body of the connection pipe is located in the spindle head 300, and both ends of the connection pipe are exposed out of the spindle head 300 and are respectively connected to the universal bamboo joint pipes 51. A water diversion fixing block 52 is further fixed at the step-shaped structure on one side, the water diversion fixing block 52 is communicated with a connecting pipe and the universal bamboo joint pipe 51 on one side, meanwhile, a liquid inlet pipeline 53 is arranged on the water diversion fixing block 52, and an inlet of the liquid inlet pipeline 53 extends upwards to a position which is approximately equal to the top of the spindle box 300 in height, so that an external pipeline can be conveniently connected. The above-described connection pipe is located below the beater arm 1 without interfering with the rotation of the beater arm 1.

In this embodiment, the connecting pipe that communicates universal bamboo joint pipe 51 on both sides sets up in headstock 300, and the inside spatial position of reasonable utilization headstock 300 has improved space utilization to headstock 300 can also form the support to connecting pipe and whole liquid supply pipe, has simplified the structure.

In some preferred embodiments, referring to fig. 7 in combination, the headstock 300 includes a front body and a rear body in communication, the rear body being adjacent to the column, the front body being adjacent to the tool magazine, the striking arm 1 being mounted in the rear body, and the spindle assembly 200 being mounted in the front body. The wall of the front main body is provided with an observation window corresponding to the position of the main shaft assembly 200, and the observation window is detachably covered with a sealing plate. The worker can detach the closing plate, observe the installation state of the spindle assembly 200 through the observation window, and observe the operation state of the unclamping arm 1, so as to provide convenience for properly adjusting the unclamping arm 1.

The observation window comprises a side observation window 6 of the side wall of the front main body and a front observation window 7 of the front wall of the front main body, and the sealing plates comprise a side sealing plate 61 correspondingly covered on the side observation window 6 and a front sealing plate 71 covered on the front observation window 7.

An observation channel is formed between the side observation window 6 and the force transmission arm 12, and the motion condition of the tool striking arm 1 can be observed through the observation channel so as to judge the tool loosening and tightening states of the spindle assembly 200; an operation passage is formed between the side observation window 6 and the spindle assembly 200, and the spindle assembly 200 can be operated through the operation passage, such as an air tube for installing the spindle assembly 200. The side sealing plate 61 is locked outside the side observation window 6 through bolts, and is convenient to disassemble and assemble. The side walls of the front body are recessed around the side viewing window 6 to accommodate the side seal plates 61 so that the outer walls of the side seal plates 61 are substantially in a vertical plane with the side walls of the front body.

The front body front wall has a certain thickness at a position corresponding to the front observation window 7, that is, the peripheral wall of the front observation window 7 has a certain depth, and the depth direction is toward the spindle assembly 200. The bottom peripheral wall of the front observation window 7 is provided with an oil discharge groove 72, one end of the oil discharge groove 72 extends to the main shaft assembly 200, and the other end leads to the outside of the front observation window 7. The spindle assembly 200 forms an air curtain during use, which shields oil mist from entering the bearings of the spindle assembly 200, and part of the oil mist is condensed and deposited in the oil drain groove 72 of the front observation window 7. The front sealing plate 71 is locked on the front side of the front observation window 7 through bolts, a gap is formed between the front sealing plate 71 and the front observation window 7 by adjusting locking force, the gap is communicated with the oil discharge groove 72, oil deposited in the oil discharge groove 72 can be discharged along the gap, accumulation of the oil in the spindle box 300 is avoided, and safety and reliability of the spindle assembly 200 are guaranteed. The user periodically wipes the surface of the spindle head 300 to keep clean, and periodically removes the front seal plate 71 to clean the inside of the spindle head 300. The front wall of the front body is recessed about the periphery of the front observation window 7 to accommodate the front closure plate 71 such that the outer wall of the front closure plate 71 is substantially in a vertical plane with the front wall of the front body.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A unclamping mechanism, comprising:

the spindle assembly is used for mounting a cutter and comprises a beating disc protruding in the radial direction;

the cutter beating arm can rotate around the rotating shaft, and comprises a force transmission arm extending from the rotating shaft to the cutter beating disc and a power arm extending from the rotating shaft to the direction far away from the cutter beating disc, wherein the force is applied to the power arm to drive the cutter beating arm to rotate around the rotating shaft in a forward rotation mode, so that the force transmission arm is abutted against the cutter beating disc, or the force is applied to the power arm to drive the cutter beating arm to rotate around the rotating shaft in a reverse rotation mode, and the abutting state of the force transmission arm and the cutter beating disc is relieved;

and the rotation stopping body is positioned at the end point of the reverse path of the unclamping arm and used for stopping the unclamping arm.

2. The unclamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotation stopping body comprises a rotation stopping end which is used for being in contact with the unclamping arm, and the distance between the rotation stopping end and the rotating shaft is adjustable.

3. The unclamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: the rotation stopping end is positioned at the end point of the reverse rotation path of the transmission arm.

4. The unclamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: the transmission arm is in surface contact with the stop end.

5. The unclamping mechanism according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the rotation stopping body comprises a screw rod positioned above the force transmission arm, the rotation stopping end is arranged at the bottom end of the screw rod, and the vertical distance between the screw rod and the rotating shaft is adjusted through rotary feeding.

6. The unclamping mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: the upper surface of the transmission arm is provided with a matching groove corresponding to the position of the rotation stopping end and sinking downwards, and the matching groove is provided with a rotation stopping plane which is in surface contact with the bottom surface of the screw rod.

7. The unclamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support seats are arranged on two sides of the cutter beating arm, the rotating shaft of the cutter beating arm is horizontally fixed on the support seats, the circumferential surface of the end portion of the rotating shaft is provided with a positioning hole, a threaded hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the positioning hole, of the support seat, and a positioning bolt in threaded connection with the threaded hole penetrates into the positioning hole.

8. The unclamping mechanism according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: the knife beating mechanism further comprises a spindle box, the spindle assembly and the transmission arm are both located in the spindle box, a pipeline installation portion is arranged on the spindle box, and the pipeline installation portion is used for carrying a liquid supply pipeline of cutting liquid.

9. The unclamping mechanism according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: the unclamping mechanism further comprises a spindle box, the spindle assembly and the force transmission arm are both located in the spindle box, an observation window is formed in the position, corresponding to the spindle assembly, of the spindle box, and a sealing plate is detachably arranged on the observation window in a covering mode.

10. The unclamping mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: an oil discharge groove is formed in the peripheral wall of the bottom of the observation window, and a gap communicated with the oil discharge groove is formed between the sealing plate and the observation window.

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