CN218414739U - Battery cell protection structure, battery monomer, battery and power consumption device - Google Patents

Battery cell protection structure, battery monomer, battery and power consumption device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN218414739U
CN218414739U CN202222895349.9U CN202222895349U CN218414739U CN 218414739 U CN218414739 U CN 218414739U CN 202222895349 U CN202222895349 U CN 202222895349U CN 218414739 U CN218414739 U CN 218414739U
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electrode assembly
region
cavity
battery
sealed
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熊清云
李晓伟
杨道伟
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The application provides a battery core protection architecture, battery monomer, battery and power consumption device. The battery cell protection structure comprises a protection film, wherein at least one sealing cavity is arranged in the protection film, flame-retardant gas is filled in the sealing cavity, and a valve structure which can be opened by extrusion is arranged on the side wall of the sealing cavity. Through set up the seal chamber in the protection film, set up fire-retardant gas in the seal chamber, and set up the valve structure on the lateral wall of seal chamber, when using, can arrange the casing in with electrode subassembly with electric core protection architecture in the casing, in order to promote the filling rate to the casing, in order to reduce the vibration of electrode subassembly in the casing, and in the recycling process, when the pressure of electrode subassembly inflation extrusion seal chamber reached the opening value of valve structure, can open the valve structure, in order to release fire-retardant gas in the seal chamber, and then reduce the filling rate in the casing, so that provide the space for the inflation of electrode subassembly, avoid the casing to swell the risk of fracture even.

Description

Battery cell protection structure, battery monomer, battery and power consumption device
Technical Field
This application belongs to battery technical field, and more specifically says so relates to a battery cell protection architecture, battery monomer, battery and power consumption device.
Background
Energy conservation and emission reduction are the key points of sustainable development of the automobile industry, and the electric vehicle becomes an important component of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection. For electric vehicles, battery technology is an important factor in its development.
The battery monomer is at the charge-discharge cycle in-process, and electrode assembly can take place the inflation, therefore, when assembling electrode assembly to the casing, can reserve the space in the casing usually, and this can, battery monomer be in cycle use front, and electrode assembly is lower to the casing filling rate, and in the use, electrode assembly easily bumps the casing and causes the welding seam risk of breaking.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide a battery cell protection structure, a single battery, a battery and an electric device, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, when the single battery is recycled, the filling rate of an electrode assembly in a shell is low, and in the using process, the electrode assembly easily collides with the shell to cause the risk of weld joint breakage.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell protection structure, which is used in a gap between an inner surface of a casing and an electrode assembly, and includes a protection film attached to the electrode assembly, where at least one sealing cavity is arranged in the protection film, a flame retardant gas is filled in the sealing cavity, and a valve structure capable of being opened by extrusion is arranged on a side wall of the sealing cavity.
In the technical scheme of this application embodiment, through setting up the protection film, and set up the seal chamber in the protection film, set up fire-retardant gas in the seal chamber, and set up the valve structure on the lateral wall in seal chamber, thereby when using, can paste the protection film on electrode subassembly, and place in the casing together, in order to promote the packing rate to the casing, in order to reduce the vibration of electrode subassembly in the casing, avoid electrode subassembly collision casing and cause the welding seam to break, and in the recycling process, electrode subassembly inflation extrusion seal chamber, the seal chamber can play certain cushioning effect, and when the pressure that electrode subassembly inflation extrusion seal chamber reaches the opening value of valve structure, can open the valve structure, in order to release fire-retardant gas in the seal chamber, and then reduce the packing rate in the casing, in order to provide the space for electrode subassembly's inflation, reduce the casing bulging risk of even fracture.
In some embodiments, the protective film includes a first region for being attached to one side surface in a thickness direction of the electrode assembly, and the sealed cavity includes a first sealed cavity provided in the first region.
Through setting up first sealed chamber on first region to when using, first sealed chamber can cushion the corresponding side of electrode subassembly thickness direction, and when the valve structure on first sealed chamber is opened, can orient and reduce the filling rate of the corresponding side of electrode subassembly to when using for the electrode subassembly circulation, the side inflation of thickness direction provides sufficient space, guarantees safe in utilizationly.
In some embodiments, the protective film further includes a second region for attaching to the other side surface in the thickness direction of the electrode assembly and a third region connecting the first region and the second region.
Through setting up the second region and the third region, when pasting on electrode subassembly with the cooperation of first region, protection electrode subassembly that can be better prevents that electrode subassembly is not hard up, avoids causing the risk of crumpling, separating out lithium because of electrode subassembly is not hard up, promotes the security.
In some embodiments, the sealed cavity comprises a second sealed cavity disposed in the second region. Through set up the second sealed chamber on the second region to when using, first sealed chamber and the cooperation of second sealed chamber are in order to cushion the both sides face of electrode subassembly thickness direction, in order better to cushion the both sides face of electrode subassembly thickness direction, and when recycling, provide sufficient space for the side inflation of electrode subassembly thickness direction, guarantee safe in utilizationly.
In some embodiments, the sealed cavity comprises a third sealed cavity disposed in the third region. Therefore, the third sealed cavity can buffer the side face of the electrode assembly corresponding to the third area, so as to better protect the electrode assembly, improve the filling rate of the shell, and provide space for the expansion of the electrode assembly after the gas in the third sealed cavity is released.
In some embodiments, the first region has a first side adjacent to a bottom surface of the electrode assembly in a height direction, and a distance from the first sealed cavity to the first side ranges from 1 to 5mm. The sealing strength of the side, close to the first side edge, of the first sealing cavity can be ensured, and the size of the first sealing cavity can be made larger, so that the bottom area of the electrode assembly in the height direction can be better buffered and protected.
In some embodiments, the first region has a second side edge adjacent to a top surface of the electrode assembly in a height direction, and a distance from the first sealed cavity to the second side edge ranges from 3 to 10mm. The sealing strength of one side of the first sealing cavity close to the second side edge can be ensured, and the volume of the first sealing cavity can be made larger.
In some embodiments, the first region has a third side adjacent to a widthwise side of the electrode assembly, and the distance from the first sealed cavity to the third side ranges from 1 to 20mm. The first sealing cavity can be made larger, and the protective film can be attached to the side face of the electrode assembly in the width direction.
In some embodiments, the protective film is provided with a containing cavity, the containing cavity is provided with an adsorptive substance for absorbing gas, the containing cavity is communicated with at least one of the sealing cavities, and the flame retardant gas filled in the sealing cavity communicated with the containing cavity has no adsorbability relative to the adsorptive substance.
Through the structural design, the flame-retardant gas in the sealed cavity communicated with the accommodating cavity cannot be absorbed by the adsorptive substance, and the adsorptive substance can absorb the gas generated in the recycling process of the electrode assembly when the valve structure of the sealed cavity communicated with the accommodating cavity is opened, so that the use safety is improved; in addition, when the gas adsorption device is assembled, the adsorptive substance can be separated from the outside gas, and the gas adsorption capacity of the adsorptive substance is ensured.
In some embodiments, at least one of the sealed chambers is hermetically spaced from the receiving chamber, and the flame-retardant gas filled in the sealed chamber hermetically spaced from the receiving chamber is adsorbable with respect to the adsorptive substance. The structure design can be absorbed by adsorptive substances after the flame-retardant gas in the sealed cavity sealed and spaced with the accommodating cavity is released, so that the use safety is ensured, and the pressure in the shell can be reduced, so that the risk of the shell bulging and even cracking is reduced.
In some embodiments, the protective film includes at least one fourth region for being attached to a side surface of the electrode assembly in a width direction, and the receiving cavity is disposed in the fourth region. The fourth area is arranged, so that the protective film can be attached to the side face of the electrode assembly in the width direction, the electrode assembly is protected better, the electrode assembly is prevented from loosening better, the risks of crumpling and lithium precipitation caused by loosening of the electrode assembly are avoided, and safety is improved. When the accommodating cavity is arranged in the fourth area, the accommodating cavity can be positioned at the side edge of the electrode assembly in the width direction when the accommodating cavity is used, so that the side space occupied in the thickness direction of the electrode assembly is reduced, and the side surface of the electrode assembly is better buffered and positioned.
In some embodiments, the protective film includes at least one fourth region for attaching to a side surface of the electrode assembly in a width direction, and the sealed cavity includes a fourth sealed cavity provided in the fourth region. Therefore, the side face of the electrode assembly in the width direction can be buffered through the fourth sealing cavity, the electrode assembly can be better protected, the filling rate of the shell is improved, and a space can be provided for the expansion of the electrode assembly after gas in the fourth sealing cavity is released.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the sidewalls of the sealed cavity ranges from 0.1 to 0.3mm. The structural strength of the side walls of the sealed cavities is guaranteed, and the occupied space of the protective film is small after the flame-retardant gas in each sealed cavity is released.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the sealed cavity ranges from 0.2mm to 2mm. Therefore, the occupied space of the sealing cavity is reasonable, the electrode assembly can be well buffered and damped, too large space cannot be occupied, and the capacity of the manufactured battery is ensured.
In some embodiments, the opening pressure of the valve structure is in the range of 0.1-1.0Mpa. So as to ensure that the flame-retardant gas in the sealing cavity can be released by the expansion and extrusion of the electrode assembly during the recycling process of the electrode assembly, and the swelling of the shell can not be caused.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, which includes an electrode assembly, a casing, and the battery cell protection structure according to any of the above embodiments, where the protective film is attached to the electrode assembly, and the electrode assembly and the protective film are disposed in the casing.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery, including a battery cell as in the above embodiments.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, which includes a battery according to the foregoing embodiment.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and the present application can be implemented according to the content of the description in order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and the following detailed description of the present application is given in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understandable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the embodiments or exemplary technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first cell protection structure according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second cell protection structure according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third cell protection structure according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth cell protection structure according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 8;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth cell protection structure according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth cell protection structure according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh cell protection structure according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth cell protection structure provided in some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a ninth cell protection structure provided in some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a tenth cell protection structure according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an eleventh cell protection structure according to some embodiments of the present application.
Wherein, in the figures, the various reference numbers are given by way of example only:
1000-a vehicle; 1001-battery; 1002-a controller; 1003-motor;
100-a box body; 101-a first portion; 102-a second part;
200-a battery cell;
30-an electrode assembly; 31-a main side; 311-a first side; 312 — a second side; 32-end side; 321-a third side; 322-a fourth side; 33-end face; 331-a bottom surface; 332-top surface;
40-end cap; 41-liquid injection hole;
50-a cell protection structure; 51-a protective film; 511-a first region; 5111-first side edge; 5112-second side edge; 5113-third side; 512-a second area; 513-a third region; 514-fourth area; 52-a sealed chamber; 520-a side wall; 521-a first sealed chamber; 522-a second sealed chamber; 523-third sealed chamber; 524-a fourth sealed chamber; 53-valve configuration; 531-scoring; 5321-opening; 5322-a cover slip; 54-a housing chamber; 541-an adsorptive substance; 55-folding mark;
60-shell.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing different objects, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order, or primary-secondary relationship of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments in any suitable manner.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and/or" is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" refers to two or more (including two), and "plural pieces" refers to two or more (including two). The meaning of "a number" is one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; mechanical connection or electrical connection is also possible; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical term "adjacent" means close in position unless otherwise explicitly specified and defined. For example A 1 、A 2 And B three components, A 1 A distance from B is larger than A 2 And B, then A 2 Comparison with A 1 In other words, A 2 Closer to B, i.e. A 2 Adjacent to B, also called B adjacent to A 2 . As another example, there are a plurality of C units, each of which is C 1 、C 2 ……C N When one of the C-parts, e.g. C 2 Closer to B than to other C parts, then B is adjacent to C 2 Also, it can be said that C 2 Adjacent to B.
The battery cell in the present application may include a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a magnesium ion battery, or the like, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The battery cell may be a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The battery cells are generally divided into three types in a packaging manner: the single battery of cylindricality battery, square battery monomer and laminate polymer battery monomer, this application embodiment is to this also not limited.
Reference to a battery in embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery referred to in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack, etc. Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can avoid liquid or other foreign matters to influence the charging or discharging of battery monomer.
In the battery, when a plurality of battery cells are provided, the plurality of battery cells can be connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, and the series-parallel refers to that the plurality of battery cells are connected in series or in parallel. The plurality of battery monomers can be directly connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, and the whole formed by the plurality of battery monomers is accommodated in the box body; of course, the battery may also be in the form of a battery module formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel, and a plurality of battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel to form a whole and accommodated in a box or other form of fixed structure. The battery may further include other structures, for example, the battery may further include a bus member for achieving electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells.
The battery cell in the embodiment of the present application includes an electrode assembly, an end cap, and a case. The electrode assembly is mounted in the case, and the end cap is covered on the case.
The electrode assembly is also called a naked battery cell and consists of a positive plate, a negative plate and a diaphragm. The electrode assembly mainly operates by means of metal ions moving between the positive and negative electrode tabs. The positive plate comprises a positive current collector and a positive active substance layer, wherein the positive active substance layer is coated on the surface of the positive current collector, the part of the positive active substance layer which is not coated on the positive current collector protrudes out of the part of the positive active substance layer which is coated, and the part of the positive active substance layer which is not coated is used as a positive pole lug or a metal conductor is welded on the positive current collector and led out so as to be used as the positive pole lug. Taking a lithium ion battery as an example, the material of the positive electrode current collector may be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material may be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, lithium manganate, or the like. The negative pole piece includes negative current collector and negative pole active substance layer, and the negative pole active substance layer coats in the surface of negative current collector, and the part protrusion on the negative current collector of the not coating negative pole active substance layer has coated the part on negative pole active substance layer, and the part on the not coating negative pole active substance layer is as negative pole utmost point ear, perhaps welds and draws forth metallic conductor on the negative current collector to as negative pole utmost point ear. The material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon, silicon, or the like. In order to ensure that the high current can be passed through without fusing, a plurality of positive electrode tabs are stacked together, and a plurality of negative electrode tabs are stacked together. It is understood that the electrode assembly may have one positive electrode tab and one negative electrode tab. That is, two sets of tabs are disposed on the electrode assembly, each set includes at least one tab, and one set of tabs is a positive tab and the other set of tabs is a negative tab.
The electrode assembly may be of a wound type structure or a laminated type structure. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. The winding structure is that the tabs are welded on the current collector, and then the tabs are arranged in the order of the positive plate, the diaphragm, the negative plate and the diaphragm; and then winding to form a cylindrical or square battery cell. The laminated structure is characterized in that a tab is led out from a current collector, and a positive plate, a negative plate and a diaphragm are sequentially arranged according to the order of the positive plate, the diaphragm, the negative plate and the diaphragm, and are laminated together one by one to form a laminated cell; wherein the membrane may be cut and laminated directly with a membrane sheet, or the membrane may not be cut but laminated in a Z-fold. The material of the separator may be PP (Polypropylene) or PE (Polyethylene). The diaphragm is an insulating film arranged between the positive plate and the negative plate, and has the main functions of: the positive electrode and the negative electrode are separated, electrons in the battery cannot freely pass through the battery, short circuit is prevented, and ions in the electrolyte can freely pass through the battery between the positive electrode and the negative electrode so as to form a loop between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive plate and the negative plate are collectively referred to as a pole piece. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are collectively referred to as tabs.
The end cap refers to a member covering the opening of the case to insulate the internal environment of the battery cell from the external environment. The shape of the end cap may be adapted to the shape of the housing to fit over the housing. Optionally, the end cap may be made of a material (e.g., an aluminum alloy) having a certain hardness and strength, so that the end cap is not easily deformed when being extruded and collided, and thus, the single battery can have a higher structural strength, and the safety performance can be improved.
The end cover is provided with a liquid injection hole so as to be convenient for injecting electrolyte. The end caps are typically provided with electrode terminals. The electrode terminal is a conductive member disposed on the end cap, and is connected to a tab of the electrode assembly to output electric energy of the battery cell or charge the battery cell. The number of the electrode terminals of the battery cell is generally two, the two electrode terminals are respectively connected with the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly, the electrode terminal connected with the positive electrode tab is the positive electrode terminal, and the electrode terminal connected with the negative electrode tab is the negative electrode terminal. The electrode assembly is connected to the electrode terminals on the end cap to form a battery cell, but the battery cell may include other functional components.
The case is an assembly for mating with end caps to form an internal environment of the battery cell, wherein the formed internal environment may be used to house the electrode assembly, electrolyte, and other components. The housing and the end cap may be separate components, and an opening may be formed in the housing, and the opening may be covered by the end cap to form an internal environment of the battery cell. The housing may be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the case may be determined according to the specific shape and size of the battery cell. The material of the housing may be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not limited in this application.
After the battery is manufactured, the battery is subjected to charge and discharge cycle use. In the process of recycling the battery, pole pieces of an electrode assembly in a battery cell are rebounded and expanded to be thickened. Because the electrode assembly expands in the process of recycling, certain allowance is left in the shell when the electrode assembly is installed, namely, a space for the expansion of the electrode assembly is reserved in the shell, so that the electrode assembly is in an unbound state in the shell in the early stage of charging and discharging recycling of the electrode assembly, a gap exists between the inner surface of the shell and the electrode assembly, the filling rate in the shell is low, and the group allowance of the electrode assembly is small in the early stage of recycling. The battery has uncertainty in the environment of use, and under some circumstances, the battery may face the application of vibration and put in place, can make electrode assembly swing pat the casing, even cause the casing welding seam risk of breaking, and the pole piece of electrode assembly expands the bodiness under the unconstrained condition moreover, can make the interval increase between the pole piece, and lead to risks such as crumpling, lithium analysis, and influence the performance and the life-span of battery.
Based on the above consideration, in order to solve the problem that the battery cell can expand without restraint before recycling, the embodiment of the application provides a battery cell protection structure, and a valve structure capable of being pressed to open is arranged on the side wall of a sealing cavity by arranging the sealing cavity in a protection film and filling a flame retardant gas in the sealing cavity. Therefore, when the battery cell protection structure is used, the battery cell protection structure can be arranged in the shell to increase the filling rate of the shell, the electrode assembly is protected in a buffering mode through the sealing cavity, the electrode assembly is restrained, vibration of the electrode assembly is reduced, the electrode assembly is prevented from being expanded in an unconstrained mode, and risks of wrinkling, lithium precipitation and the like caused by the increase of the distance between the pole pieces are avoided. And in the recycling process, the expansion of the electrode assembly can lead to the extrusion of the sealing cavity, and when the electrode assembly expands to a certain degree, the valve structure can be extruded to open, so that the flame-retardant gas in the sealing cavity is released, the space occupied by the battery cell protection structure in the shell is reduced, the filling rate of the shell is reduced, a space is provided for the expansion of the electrode assembly, and the risk of the shell bulging and even cracking is avoided.
The battery cell disclosed in the embodiment of the application can be used for various electric devices using a battery as a power supply or various energy storage systems using a battery as an energy storage element, such as energy storage power supply systems applied to hydraulic power, fire power, wind power, solar power stations and the like. The powered device may be, but is not limited to, a cell phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like. The electric toy may include a stationary or mobile electric toy, such as a game machine, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, and the like, and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, and the like.
For convenience of description, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, and the electric device is described by taking a vehicle as an example.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel automobile, a gas automobile, or a new energy automobile, and the new energy automobile may be a pure electric automobile, a hybrid electric automobile, or a range-extended automobile, etc. A battery 1001 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 1001 may be provided at the bottom or the head or the tail of the vehicle 1000. Battery 1001 may be used for power supply of vehicle 1000, and battery 1001 may serve as an operation power source of vehicle 1000, for example. Vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 1002 and a motor 1003, controller 1002 being configured to control battery 1001 to power motor 1003, e.g., for start-up, navigation, and operational power requirements while traveling of vehicle 1000.
In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 1001 may be used not only as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source of the vehicle 1000, instead of or in part of fuel or natural gas, to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 1001 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery 1001 includes a case 100 and a battery cell 200, and the battery cell 200 is accommodated in the case 100. The case 100 is used to provide a receiving space for the battery cells 200, and the case 100 may have various structures. In some embodiments, the case 100 may include a first portion 101 and a second portion 102, the first portion 101 and the second portion 102 cover each other, and the first portion 101 and the second portion 102 together define a receiving space for receiving the battery cell 200. The second part 102 may be a hollow structure with an open end, the first part 101 may be a plate-shaped structure, and the first part 101 covers the open side of the second part 102, so that the first part 101 and the second part 102 define an accommodating space together; the first portion 101 and the second portion 102 may be both hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first portion 101 covers the open side of the second portion 102. Of course, the box 100 formed by the first part 101 and the second part 102 may have various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, and the like. After being connected in parallel or in series-parallel combination, a plurality of battery cells 200 are arranged in the box 100 formed by buckling the first part 101 and the second part 102.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is an exploded schematic view of a battery cell 200 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery cell 200 includes an electrode assembly 30, a cell protection structure 50, an end cap 40, and a case 60. The cell protection structure 50 is attached to the electrode assembly 30, the cell protection structure 50 and the electrode assembly 30 are mounted in the casing 60, the end cap 40 covers the casing 60, and the casing 60 is filled with electrolyte. The cell protection structure 50 is mounted in the casing 60 together with the electrode assembly 30, so that the filling rate of the casing 60 can be improved, and the electrode assembly 30 is restrained and protected by the cell protection structure 50.
As shown in fig. 3, the electrode assembly 30 has a height direction, a width direction, and a thickness direction, wherein the Z direction is the height direction of the electrode assembly 30, the X direction is the width direction of the electrode assembly 30, and the Y direction is the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 30. For convenience of description, the surfaces of the electrode assembly 30 are defined as a first side 311, a second side 312, a third side 321, a fourth side 322, a top surface 332, and a bottom surface 331, respectively, wherein: the first side 311 and the second side 312 are opposite sides of the electrode assembly 30 in the thickness direction (Y direction), that is, the direction from the first side 311 to the second side 312 is the thickness direction (Y direction) of the electrode assembly 30; the third side 321 and the fourth side 322 are opposite sides of the electrode assembly 30 in the width direction (X direction), that is, a direction from the third side 321 to the fourth side 322 is the width direction (X direction) of the electrode assembly 30; the top surface 332 and the bottom surface 331 are opposite side surfaces in the height direction (Z direction) of the electrode assembly 30, that is, the direction from the top surface 332 to the bottom surface 331 is the width direction (Z direction) of the electrode assembly 30. The first side 311 and the second side 312 are collectively referred to as a main side 31, the third side 321 and the fourth side 322 are collectively referred to as an end side 32, and the bottom 331 and the top 332 are collectively referred to as an end 33, that is, the side of the electrode assembly 30 in the thickness direction is the main side 31, the side of the electrode assembly 30 in the width direction is the end side 32, and the surface of the electrode assembly 30 in the height direction is the end 33.
Referring to fig. 4 and fig. 5, fig. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic structural diagram ofbase:Sub>A battery cell protection structure 50 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and fig. 5 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional structural diagram alongbase:Sub>A linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 4. The embodiment of the application provides a battery cell protection structure 50, including protection film 51, be equipped with at least one sealed chamber 52 in the protection film 51, it has flame retardant gas to fill in each sealed chamber 52, is equipped with valve structure 53 on the lateral wall 520 of each sealed chamber 52, when extrusion sealed chamber 52, because of the pressure increases in sealed chamber 52, can open valve structure 53. Referring to fig. 3, when the cell protection structure 50 is used, the protective film 51 may be attached to the electrode assembly 30, so that the cell protection structure 50 and the electrode assembly 30 are mounted in the casing 60 together, so that the cell protection structure 50 is disposed in a gap between an inner surface of the casing 60 and the electrode assembly 30, so as to improve a filling rate of the casing 60, so that a skirt margin of the electrode assembly 30 is higher, the sealing cavity 52 of the cell protection structure 50 may buffer and protect the electrode assembly 30, so as to restrain the electrode assembly 30, reduce swinging and shaking of the electrode assembly 30 in the casing 60, and prevent the electrode assembly 30 from slapping the casing 60. During cycling, expansion of electrode assembly 30 causes compression of seal cavity 52 to open valve structure 53 above seal cavity 52, and release the flame-retardant gas within seal cavity 52 to provide room for expansion of electrode assembly 30 to prevent casing 60 from bulging or cracking.
In the embodiment of the present application, by providing the protection film 51, providing the sealed cavity 52 in the protection film 51, providing the flame retardant gas in the sealed cavity 52, and providing the valve structure 53 on the sidewall 520 of the sealed cavity 52, when in use, the protection film 51 can be attached to the electrode assembly 30 and placed together in the case 60 to increase the filling rate of the case 60, and the electrode assembly 30 is protected by buffering through the sealed cavity 52 to restrain the electrode assembly 30, reduce the vibration of the electrode assembly 30, and prevent the electrode assembly 30 from expanding without restraint, thereby avoiding the risk of wrinkling, lithium precipitation and the like due to the increase of the distance between the electrode sheets. In the recycling process, the electrode assembly 30 expands to press the sealing cavity 52, and the sealing cavity 52 can play a certain role in buffering, and when the pressure of the electrode assembly 30 expanding to press the sealing cavity 52 reaches the opening value of the valve structure 53, the valve structure 53 is opened to release the flame-retardant gas in the sealing cavity 52, so that the space occupied by the battery cell protection structure 50 in the casing 60 is reduced, the filling rate in the casing 60 is further reduced, a space is provided for the expansion of the electrode assembly 30, and the risk of the casing 60 bulging and even cracking is reduced.
In some embodiments, the protection film 51 may be a film made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP film, PE film, or the like.
In some embodiments, two base films may be used for packaging by means of adhesion, hot melting, etc. to form the protection film 51, so as to fabricate the sealed cavity 52 in the protection film 51. It is understood that the protection film 51 may also be made by injection molding or the like, and the sealed cavity 52 may be formed in the protection film 51.
In some embodiments, the end cap 40 may be provided with a pour hole 41 for filling the casing 60 with electrolyte.
In some embodiments, the end cap 40 may further include a pressure relief mechanism for relieving the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 200 reaches a threshold value. The material of the end cap 40 may be various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the thickness H1 of the sidewall 520 of the sealed cavity 52 ranges from 0.1mm to 0.3mm, for example, the thickness H1 of the sidewall 520 of the sealed cavity 52 may be 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, etc., to ensure the structural strength of the sidewall 520 of the sealed cavity 52 and to make the protective film 51 occupy a small space after the release of the flame retardant gas in each sealed cavity 52. If the thickness H1 of the sidewall 520 of the sealing cavity 52 is set to be too large, for example, greater than 0.3mm, the space occupied by the sealing cavity 52 may be large, and particularly, after the flame retardant gas is released from the sealing cavity 52, the space occupied by the protective film 51 may be large, which requires the electrode assembly 30 to be made smaller in volume, thereby reducing the capacity density of the battery cell 200. Setting the thickness H1 of the sidewall 520 of the sealed cavity 52 too small, for example, less than 0.1mm, may result in the sidewall 520 of the sealed cavity 52 having too small structural strength to be easily crushed, and thus weak constraint capability of the electrode assembly 30 in the early stage of recycling.
In some embodiments, the thickness H2 of the sealing cavity 52 ranges from 0.2mm to 2mm, that is, after the sealing cavity 52 is flattened, the thickness H2 of the sealing cavity 52 ranges from 0.2mm to 2mm, for example, the thickness H2 of the sealing cavity 52 ranges from 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, etc., so that the space occupied by the sealing cavity 52 is reasonable, which can perform good buffering and vibration damping on the electrode assembly 30, and does not occupy too much space, thereby ensuring the capacity of the battery. If the thickness H2 of the sealing cavity 52 is too large, for example, greater than 2mm, the sealing cavity 52 occupies too much space in the case 60 at the side of the electrode assembly 30, which requires the electrode assembly 30 to be made smaller, which may reduce the capacity density of the battery cell 200. If the thickness H2 of the sealed cavity 52 is too small, for example, less than 0.2mm, the buffer protection capability of the sealed cavity 52 is weak.
In some embodiments, the opening pressure of the valve structure 53 is in a range of 0.1-1.0Mpa, that is, the threshold value of the valve structure 53 that is pressed open is in a range of 0.1-1.0Mpa, such as 0.1Mpa, 0.2Mpa, 0.3Mpa, 0.4Mpa, 0.5Mpa, 0.6Mpa, 0.7Mpa, 0.8Mpa, 0.9Mpa, 1Mpa, etc. of the valve structure 53, so that the electrode assembly 30 expands to press the sealed cavity 52, and when the pressure in the sealed cavity 52 reaches the opening pressure, the valve structure 53 is opened to release the flame retardant gas in the sealed cavity 52. When the opening pressure of the valve structure 53 is too small, for example, less than 0.1Mpa, the valve structure 53 is easily pressed open, resulting in a weak constraint capability of the electrode assembly 30 at the early stage of recycling. When the opening pressure of the valve structure 53 is too high, for example, greater than 1Mpa, the valve structure 53 is difficult to be pressed open, which may cause the housing 60 to bulge or even crack.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the protective film 51 includes a first region 511, and the sealed cavity 52 includes a first sealed cavity 521 disposed in the first region 511. In use, the first region 511 is adapted to fit over the major side 31 of the electrode assembly 30 with the first sealed chamber 521 on that side of the electrode assembly 30. For example, the first region 511 may be attached to the first side 311 of the electrode assembly 30 such that the first sealed chamber 521 is located on the first side 311; the first region 511 may also be attached to the second side 312 of the electrode assembly 30 such that the first sealed chamber 521 is on the second side 312. So that the first sealing chamber 521 buffers the major side 31 of the electrode assembly 30 to better restrain and buffer-protect the electrode assembly 30 in the thickness direction. Since the electrode assembly 30 expands and thickens during recycling, the expansion of the electrode assembly 30 is mainly increased in thickness, and the first region 511 and the first sealed cavity 521 are arranged to restrain the main side 31 of the electrode assembly 30 and buffer the corresponding main side 31 of the electrode assembly 30 at the early stage of recycling; and after the electrode assembly 30 expands and extrudes, the valve structure 53 on the first sealed cavity 521 is opened, so that after the flame-retardant gas in the first sealed cavity 521 is released, the filling rate of the corresponding side of the electrode assembly 30 can be directionally reduced, a larger space can be provided for the thickness increase of the electrode assembly 30, the swelling of the shell 60 caused by the expansion of the electrode assembly 30 is prevented, and the use safety is ensured.
In some embodiments, the first region 511 has a first side 5111, a second side 5112 and a third side 5113, the first side 5111 is a side of the first region 511 on the side of the bottom surface 331 of the electrode assembly 30 in the height direction, the second side 5112 is a side of the first region 511 on the side of the top surface 332 of the electrode assembly 30 in the height direction, the third side 5113 is a side of the first region 511 on the side of the end side surface 32 of the electrode assembly 30, and the third sides 5113 are two, respectively, a side of the first region 511 on the third side 321 of the electrode assembly 30 and a side of the first region 511 on the fourth side 322 of the electrode assembly 30.
In some embodiments, the distance L1 from the first sealed cavity 521 to the first side 5111 is in the range of 1-5mm, for example, L1 may be 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, etc., to ensure the sealing strength of the first sealed cavity 521 at the side close to the first side 5111, and to make the volume of the first sealed cavity 521 larger. If the distance L1 from the first sealed cavity 521 to the first side 5111 is too large, for example, greater than 5mm, the volume of the first sealed cavity 521 may be small, and the buffering effect on the electrode assembly 30 may be weak, and particularly, the distance from the first sealed cavity 521 to the bottom 331 of the electrode assembly 30 in the height direction may be large, and the bottom constraint and buffering capability in the height direction of the electrode assembly 30 may be deteriorated. If the distance L1 from the first sealed cavity 521 to the first side 5111 is too small, for example, less than 1mm, the sealing strength of the first sealed cavity 521 at the side close to the first side 5111 is poor, and the first sealed cavity 521 may be easily broken by pressing, and the edge of the bottom surface 331 of the electrode assembly 30 may be deformed by pressing.
In some embodiments, the distance L2 from the first sealed cavity 521 to the second side 5112 is in the range of 3-10mm, for example, L2 may be 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, 8.5mm, 9mm, 9.5mm, 10mm, etc., so as to ensure the sealing strength of the first sealed cavity 521 near the side of the second side 5112, and to make the volume of the first sealed cavity 521 larger. If the distance L2 from the first sealed cavity 521 to the second side 5112 is too large, for example, greater than 10mm, the first sealed cavity 521 will have a smaller volume and have a weaker buffer effect on the electrode assembly 30, and particularly, the distance from the first sealed cavity 521 to the top surface 332 of the electrode assembly 30 in the height direction will be larger, and the top constraint and the buffer capability of the electrode assembly 30 in the height direction will be deteriorated. If the distance L2 from the first sealed cavity 521 to the second side 5112 is too small, for example, less than 3mm, the sealing strength of the first sealed cavity 521 on the side close to the second side 5112 is poor and the first sealed cavity 521 may deform the edge of the top surface 332 of the electrode assembly 30. In addition, for some electrode assemblies 30, the tabs are more led out from the top surface of the electrode assembly 30, and the design can better reduce the influence of the first sealed cavity 521 on the tabs.
In some embodiments, the distance L3 from the first sealed chamber 521 to the third side 5113 is in the range of 1-20mm, for example, L3 may be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 17mm, 18mm, 19mm, 20mm, etc., to ensure the sealing strength of the side of the first sealed chamber 521 close to the third side 5113 and to ensure the fitting effect of the protection film 51 and the end side 32 of the electrode assembly 30. If the distance L3 from the first sealed cavity 521 to the third side 5113 is too large, for example, greater than 20mm, the volume of the first sealed cavity 521 will be small, and the buffering effect on the electrode assembly 30 will be weak. If the distance L3 from the first sealed cavity 521 to the third side 5113 is too small, for example, less than 1mm, the sealing strength of the first sealed cavity 521 near the third side 5113 is poor, and the first region 511 between the third side 5113 and the first sealed cavity 521 can be easily broken by pressing, and the adhesion effect between the end side 32 of the electrode assembly 30, for example, the third side 321 or the fourth side, is poor.
In some embodiments, the valve structure 53 on the capsule 52 includes a score 531 disposed on the sidewall 520 of the capsule 52 such that when the capsule 52 is squeezed, the internal gas pressure will squeeze the score 531 apart to open the valve structure 53, thereby releasing the flame-retardant gas from the capsule 52. The notch 531 may be provided in a long strip shape, or may be provided in a polygonal shape, etc., and the length of the notch 531 may be 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, etc., as long as the notch 531 is broken and opened, and the flame-retardant gas in the sealed cavity 52 may be released, which is not limited herein. The provision of the score 531 as the valve structure 53 facilitates manufacturing.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 6, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell protection structure 50 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring also to fig. 3, an opening 5321 may be formed in the sidewall 520 of the sealed chamber 52, and a cover 5322 may be adhered to the sidewall 520 of the sealed chamber 52 to form a valve structure 53, such that when the sealed chamber 52 is pressed, the internal air pressure pushes the cover 5322 open to open the opening 5321 and release the flame-retardant gas in the sealed chamber 52. It will be appreciated that other structures that can be squeezed open may be used for the valve structure 53.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 7, and fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell protection structure 50 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 3, the protection film 51 further includes a second region 512 and a third region 513, and the third region 513 connects the first region 511 and the second region 512, that is, the first region 511 and the second region 512 are respectively located at two sides of the third region 513. Referring to fig. 3, the first region 511 and the second region 512 are respectively used for being attached to two main sides 31 of the electrode assembly 30, that is, the first region 511 is attached to the first side 311 of the electrode assembly 30, the second region 512 is attached to the second side 312 of the electrode assembly 30, or the first region 511 is attached to the second side 312 of the electrode assembly 30, and the second region 512 is attached to the first side 311 of the electrode assembly 30, and accordingly, the third region 513 may be attached to one side between the first side 311 and the second side 312 of the electrode assembly 30, so that the electrode assembly 30 may be better restrained, the electrode assembly 30 may be protected, the electrode assembly 30 may be prevented from being loosened, the risk of wrinkle and lithium deposition caused by the loosening of the electrode assembly 30 may be avoided, and safety may be improved.
In some embodiments, when the cell protection structure 50 is used, the third region 513 may be attached to the bottom surface 331 of the electrode assembly 30, so as to protect the bottom surface 331 of the electrode assembly 30 through the third region 513. It is understood that the third region 513 may also be attached to the top surface 332 of the electrode assembly 30 to protect the top surface 332 of the electrode assembly 30 by the third region 513. For some electrode assemblies 30, openings may be provided in the third region 513 to expose the tabs when the tabs are extracted from the top surface 332. Of course, a groove may be provided in the third region 513 to avoid the tab.
In some embodiments, capsule 52 includes a second capsule 522 disposed in second region 512. By providing the second sealed cavity 522 on the second region 512, the first sealed cavity 521 and the second sealed cavity 522 can be respectively disposed at two sides of the electrode assembly 30 in the thickness direction when in use, so that the first sealed cavity 521 and the second sealed cavity 522 are matched to position and buffer the two main sides 31 of the electrode assembly 30, so as to well prevent the electrode assembly 30 from colliding with the case 60, and provide sufficient space for the main sides 31 of the electrode assembly 30 to expand when in cyclic use, thereby ensuring the use safety.
As shown in fig. 11, in some embodiments, the sealed cavity 52 includes a third sealed cavity 523 disposed in the third region 513, so that the side of the electrode assembly 30 corresponding to the third region 513 can be buffered by the third sealed cavity 523. The third sealing chamber 523 may position and buffer the bottom surface 331 of the electrode assembly 30, for example, when the third region 513 is attached to the bottom surface 331 of the electrode assembly 30. The third sealing chamber 523 may position and buffer the top surface 332 of the electrode assembly 30 when the third region 513 is attached to the top surface 332 of the electrode assembly 30. The third sealing chamber 523 may position and buffer the third side 321 of the electrode assembly 30 when the third region 513 is attached to the third side 321 of the electrode assembly 30. When the third region 513 is attached to the fourth side 322 of the electrode assembly 30, the third sealing chamber 523 may position and buffer the fourth side 322 of the electrode assembly 30. To better protect the electrode assembly 30, to improve the filling rate of the case 60, and to provide a space for the electrode assembly 30 to expand after the gas is released in the third sealing chamber 523.
As shown in fig. 7, in one embodiment, a crease 55 is provided between the first region 511 and the third region 513 to bend the protective film 51.
In one embodiment, a crease 55 is provided between the second region 512 and the third region 513 in order to bend the protective film 51.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 8 and 9, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell protection structure 50 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram along a line B-B in fig. 8. Referring to fig. 3, the protection film 51 includes a fourth region 514, and the fourth region 514 is configured to be attached to the end side 32 of the electrode assembly 30, so that when in use, the fourth region 514 can be attached to the end side 32 of the electrode assembly 30 to better restrain the electrode assembly 30, protect the electrode assembly 30, prevent the electrode assembly 30 from loosening, avoid the risk of wrinkling and lithium deposition caused by loosening of the electrode assembly 30, and improve safety. If the fourth region 514 may be attached to the third side 321 of the electrode assembly 30, or the fourth region 514 may be attached to the fourth side 322 of the electrode assembly 30, specifically, the fourth region 514 may be disposed according to the position of the fourth region 514.
In some embodiments, when the protective film 51 includes the first region 511, the second region 512, and the third region 513 is attached to the bottom surface 331 or the top surface 332 of the electrode assembly 30, four fourth regions 514 may be provided, the fourth regions 514 may be provided on the first region 511 at both sides in the width direction of the electrode assembly 30, and the fourth regions 514 may be provided on the second region 512 at both sides in the width direction of the electrode assembly 30, respectively, to better bind the electrode assembly 30 and protect the electrode assembly 30. It is understood that when the protective film 51 includes the first, second and third regions 511, 512 and 513, and the third region 513 is applied to the bottom surface 331 or the top surface 332 of the electrode assembly 30, the fourth regions 514 may be respectively disposed only on both sides of the first region 511 in the width direction of the electrode assembly 30. The fourth regions 514 may be provided only on the second region 512 at both sides in the width direction of the electrode assembly 30, respectively. Of course, the fourth region 514 may be provided only on one side of the first region 511 in the width direction of the electrode assembly 30. It is also possible to provide the fourth region 514 on only one side of the second region 512 in the width direction of the electrode assembly 30. The number and position of the fourth regions 514 may be set as required, and are not limited herein.
In some embodiments, the first region 511 and the second region 512 may be sized the same for ease of manufacturing and ease of mounting on the electrode assembly 30. It is understood that there may be a certain difference in the sizes of the first and second regions 511 and 512 as long as it is ensured that the first and second regions 511 and 512 can be attached to both major sides 31 of the electrode assembly 30.
In some embodiments, the first and second sealed cavities 521 and 522 may be sized the same for ease of manufacturing, ease of mounting on the electrode assembly 30, and location and cushioning of both major sides 31 of the electrode assembly 30. It is understood that there may be a difference in the sizes of the first and second sealed cavities 521 and 522 as long as it is ensured that the first and second sealed cavities 521 and 522 can be attached to the two major sides 31 of the electrode assembly 30.
In some embodiments, when the fourth region 514 is disposed at a side of the first region 511, a fold 55 is disposed between the first region 511 and the fourth region 514 so as to bend the protection film 51.
In some embodiments, when fourth region 514 is disposed at the side of second region 512, crease 55 is disposed between second region 512 and fourth region 514 so as to bend protective film 51.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 10, where fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell protection structure 50 according to some embodiments of the present application. Referring also to fig. 3, the protective film 51 of the cell protection structure 50 includes only the first region 511 and the fourth region 514, and in use, the first region 511 is attached to one major side 31 of the electrode assembly 30, and the fourth region 514 is attached to the end side 32 of the electrode assembly 30, so that the protective film 51 is stably mounted on the electrode assembly 30.
In some embodiments, fourth regions 514 may be respectively disposed at both sides of the first region 511 to more stably mount the first region 511 on one major side 31 of the electrode assembly 30. Of course, the fourth region 514 may be provided only on one side of the first region 511.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 11, where fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell protection structure 50 according to some embodiments of the present application. Referring to fig. 3, the protection film 51 includes a fourth region 514, the sealing cavity 52 includes a fourth sealing cavity 524, and the fourth sealing cavity 524 is disposed on the fourth region 514, so that the end side 32 of the electrode assembly 30 can be buffered by the fourth sealing cavity 524, the electrode assembly 30 can be better protected, the filling rate of the case 60 can be improved, and a space can be provided for the electrode assembly 30 to expand after the gas in the fourth sealing cavity 524 is released.
In some embodiments, the protective film 51 includes a first region 511, a second region 512, a third region 513, and four fourth regions 514, the fourth regions 514 are respectively disposed on the first region 511 at both sides in the width direction of the electrode assembly 30, the fourth regions 514 are respectively disposed on the second region 512 at both sides in the width direction of the electrode assembly 30, and a fourth sealing chamber 524 may be respectively disposed on each of the fourth regions 514 to better protect the electrode assembly 30, increase the filling rate of the case 60, and provide a space for the electrode assembly 30 to expand after the gas is released in the fourth sealing chamber 524. It is understood that the fourth capsule 524 may be disposed only on a portion of the fourth region 514. Of course, referring to fig. 8, the fourth area 514 may not have the sealed cavity 52.
In some embodiments, the protective film 51 includes a first region 511, a second region 512, a third region 513, and four fourth regions 514, the fourth regions 514 are respectively disposed on the first region 511 at both sides in the width direction of the electrode assembly 30, the fourth regions 514 are respectively disposed on the second region 512 at both sides in the width direction of the electrode assembly 30, a third sealed chamber 523 may be disposed on the third region 513, and a fourth sealed chamber 524 is disposed on each fourth region 514, to better protect the electrode assembly 30, to improve the filling rate of the case 60, and to provide a space for the electrode assembly 30 to expand after the gas is released in the fourth sealed chamber 524. It is understood that the third region 513 may not have the third sealed chamber 523.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 12, and fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell protection structure 50 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 3, the protection film 51 includes a first region 511, a second region 512, and a third region 513, and the third region 513 is attached to one end side surface 32 of the electrode assembly 30. The structure can better restrain the side surface of the electrode assembly 30, prevent the electrode assembly 30 from loosening, avoid the risks of wrinkling and lithium precipitation caused by the loosening of the electrode assembly 30 and improve the safety.
In the above embodiment, the protection film 51 further includes the fourth regions 514, for example, the fourth region 514 is disposed on the side of the first region 511 away from the third region 513, and the fourth region 514 is disposed on the side of the second region 512 away from the third region 513, so that when the cell protection structure 50 is mounted on the electrode assembly 30, two fourth regions 514 can be attached to the same end side 32 of the electrode assembly 30, so as to better restrain the side of the electrode assembly 30, prevent the electrode assembly 30 from loosening, avoid the risk of wrinkling and lithium deposition caused by loosening of the electrode assembly 30, and improve safety. It is to be understood that the fourth region 514 may also be provided only on the side of the first region 511 remote from the third region 513. Of course, the fourth region 514 may be provided only on the side of the first region 511 remote from the third region 513.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 13, where fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell protection structure 50 according to some embodiments of the present application. The protective film 51 is provided with a containing cavity 54, the containing cavity 54 is provided with an adsorptive substance 541 for absorbing gas, the containing cavity 54 is communicated with at least one sealed cavity 52, and the sealed cavity 52 communicated with the containing cavity 54 is filled with flame-retardant gas without adsorbability.
The adsorptive material 541 refers to a material having gas adsorptivity, which can adsorb some of the gas having adsorptivity. Such as 13X type molecular sieve (also called sodium X type molecular sieve), metal organic framework material, etc.
Non-adsorptive gas means that the gas is not readily adsorbed by the adsorptive material 541, such as H 2 、CH 4 、CO 2 And so on. The adsorptive gas means that the gas is easily adsorbed by the adsorptive material 541, such as HF, HCl, NH 3 、SO 2 、Cl 2 ETO (Ethylene Oxide), H 2 S、N 2 And the like.
The accommodating chamber 54 is communicated with at least one sealed chamber 52, and the flame-retardant gas filled in the sealed chamber 52 communicated with the accommodating chamber 54 is gas without adsorbability, so that the flame-retardant gas in the sealed chamber 52 communicated with the accommodating chamber 54 is not absorbed by the adsorbability substance 541, the sealed chamber 52 can keep buffering, positioning and restraining on the electrode assembly 30 in the early stage of the cyclic use of the electrode assembly 30, and when the electrode assembly 30 expands to a certain degree, and the valve structure 53 of the sealed chamber 52 communicated with the accommodating chamber 54 is opened, the flame-retardant gas in the sealed chamber 52 can be translated to provide a space for the expansion of the electrode assembly 30, and the accommodating chamber 54 is communicated with the inside of the shell 60, so that the adsorbability substance 541 can absorb the gas generated in the cyclic use process of the electrode assembly 30, and the use safety is improved. In addition, when the adsorptive substance 541 is used, the adsorptive substance 541 can be kept sealed to separate from the outside air, so that the adsorptive substance 541 is prevented from adsorbing the outside air, the adsorption capacity of the adsorptive substance 541 is ensured, and the gas generated in the use process of the electrode assembly 30 can be better adsorbed.
In some embodiments, two base films may be used to form the protective film 51 by means of bonding, hot melting, or the like, so as to fabricate the accommodating cavity 54 in the protective film 51. It is understood that the protective film 51 may also be made by injection molding or the like, and the accommodating cavity 54 is formed in the protective film 51.
In some embodiments, the protection film 51 includes a fourth region 514, and the receiving cavity 54 is disposed in the fourth region 514, so that in use, the receiving cavity 54 can be disposed at the side of the electrode assembly 30 in the width direction, and the receiving cavity 54 and the adsorptive substance 541 do not occupy the space at the side of the electrode assembly 30 in the thickness direction, so as to better cushion and position the main side 31 of the electrode assembly 30, and after the release of the fire-retardant gas in the sealing cavity 52, the expansion and thickening of the electrode assembly 30 can be facilitated, and the adsorptive substance 541 can prevent the expansion and thickening of the electrode assembly 30.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 14, where fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell protection structure 50 according to some embodiments of the present application. The plurality of sealed cavities 52 are provided, at least one sealed cavity 52 is sealed and separated from the containing cavity 54, and the flame-retardant gas filled in the sealed cavity 52 sealed and separated from the containing cavity 54 has adsorbability. After the fire-retardant gas in the sealed chamber 52 sealed and spaced from the accommodating chamber 54 is released, the fire-retardant gas can be absorbed by the adsorptive substance to ensure the use safety, and the pressure in the shell 60 can be reduced so as to reduce the risk of the shell 60 bulging and even cracking. If the sealed chamber 52 includes the first sealed chamber 521 and the second sealed chamber 522, the first sealed chamber 521 is communicated with the accommodating chamber 54, and the second sealed chamber 522 is spaced from the accommodating chamber 54 in a sealed manner, that is, the second sealed chamber 522 is not communicated with the accommodating chamber 54, so that the gas in the first sealed chamber 521 is a gas without adsorbability, and the gas in the second sealed chamber 522 is a gas with adsorbability, so that after the flame retardant gas in the first sealed chamber 521 and the second sealed chamber 522 is released, the adsorbable substance 541 can absorb the gas released in the second sealed chamber 522, and reduce the pressure in the housing 60, so as to reduce the risk of the housing 60 bulging or even cracking. It can be understood that the second sealed chamber 522 can be communicated with the accommodating chamber 54, and the first sealed chamber 521 can be sealed and spaced from the accommodating chamber 54, so that the gas in the second sealed chamber 522 is non-adsorptive gas, and the gas in the first sealed chamber 521 is adsorptive gas.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 15, and fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell protection structure 50 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The accommodating chambers 54 are provided with a plurality of adsorbing materials 541 respectively arranged in the accommodating chambers 54 to improve the adsorption capacity to the gas in the housing 60. As shown in fig. 15, the accommodating chambers 54 are respectively disposed on the fourth areas 514 on both sides of the first area 511, and the accommodating chambers 54 on the fourth areas 514 are communicated with the first sealed chamber 521. It is understood that the receiving cavity 54 may be provided in only one fourth area 514. Of course, a plurality of receiving cavities 54 may be provided in a fourth area 514. It is understood that the receiving chamber 54 may also be provided on the third region 513.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 16, where fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell protection structure 50 according to some embodiments of the present application. Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of sealing cavities 52 may be disposed on the first region 511, and one of the sealing cavities 52 may be communicated with the accommodating cavity 54. That is, the number and position of the receiving cavities 54 are not limited to the only ones in actual use.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a battery cell 200, which includes an electrode assembly 30, a case 60 and the cell protection structure 50 described in any above, wherein the protective film 51 is attached to the electrode assembly 30, and the electrode assembly 30 and the protective film 51 are disposed in the case 60.
According to some embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a battery including the battery cell according to any one of the above aspects.
According to some embodiments of the present application, there is also provided an electric device including the battery according to any one of the above aspects.
The powered device may be any of the aforementioned battery-powered devices or systems.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure should be construed as being covered by the claims and the specification. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed herein, but rather to cover all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (17)

1. The utility model provides a battery core protection architecture for locate in the clearance between the internal surface of casing and the electrode subassembly, its characterized in that, including being used for pasting in protection film on the electrode subassembly, be equipped with at least one sealed chamber in the protection film, it has flame retardant gas to fill in the sealed chamber, be equipped with the valve structure that can be opened by the extrusion on the lateral wall in sealed chamber.
2. The cell protection structure of claim 1, wherein: the protective film comprises a first area for attaching to one side surface in the thickness direction of the electrode assembly, and the sealed cavity comprises a first sealed cavity arranged in the first area.
3. The cell protection structure of claim 2, wherein: the protective film further includes a second region for being attached to the other side surface in the thickness direction of the electrode assembly and a third region connecting the first region and the second region.
4. The cell protection structure of claim 3, wherein: the sealed cavity comprises a second sealed cavity arranged in the second area, and/or the sealed cavity comprises a third sealed cavity arranged in the third area.
5. The cell protection structure of claim 2, wherein: the first region has a first side adjacent to a bottom surface of the electrode assembly in a height direction, and a distance from the first sealed cavity to the first side ranges from 1mm to 5mm.
6. The cell protection structure of claim 2, wherein: the first region has a second side adjacent to a top surface of the electrode assembly in a height direction, and a distance from the first sealing cavity to the second side ranges from 3 to 10mm.
7. The cell protection structure of claim 2, wherein: the first region has a third side adjacent to a side of the electrode assembly in a width direction, and a distance from the first sealing cavity to the third side ranges from 1 to 20mm.
8. The cell protection structure of any of claims 1-7, wherein: the protective film is provided with a containing cavity, the containing cavity is internally provided with adsorptive substances for absorbing gas, the containing cavity is communicated with at least one sealing cavity, and the flame-retardant gas filled in the sealing cavity communicated with the containing cavity does not have adsorbability relative to the adsorptive substances.
9. The cell protection structure of claim 8, wherein: at least one of the sealed cavities is spaced from the containing cavity in a sealing way, and the flame-retardant gas filled in the sealed cavity spaced from the containing cavity in a sealing way has adsorbability relative to the adsorbability substance.
10. The cell protection structure of claim 8, wherein: the protective film comprises at least one fourth area which is used for being attached to the side face of the electrode assembly in the width direction, and the accommodating cavity is formed in the fourth area.
11. The cell protection structure of any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the protective film comprises at least one fourth area for being attached to the side face of the electrode assembly in the width direction, and the sealing cavity comprises a fourth sealing cavity arranged in the fourth area.
12. The cell protection structure of any of claims 1-7, wherein: the thickness range of the side wall of the sealed cavity is 0.1-0.3mm.
13. The cell protection structure of any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the thickness range of the sealing cavity is 0.2-2mm.
14. The cell protection structure of any of claims 1-7, wherein: the opening pressure range of the valve structure is 0.1-1.0Mpa.
15. A battery cell, comprising an electrode assembly and a housing, characterized in that: the cell protection structure of any one of claims 1-14, further comprising a protective film laminated to the electrode assembly, the electrode assembly and the protective film being disposed in the casing.
16. A battery, characterized by: comprising a battery cell according to claim 15.
17. An electric device, characterized in that: comprising the battery of claim 16.
CN202222895349.9U 2022-11-01 2022-11-01 Battery cell protection structure, battery monomer, battery and power consumption device Active CN218414739U (en)

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CN202222895349.9U CN218414739U (en) 2022-11-01 2022-11-01 Battery cell protection structure, battery monomer, battery and power consumption device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202222895349.9U CN218414739U (en) 2022-11-01 2022-11-01 Battery cell protection structure, battery monomer, battery and power consumption device

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