CN218385740U - Antenna unit, multiaerial subassembly and car - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna unit, which is formed on a PCB substrate and comprises a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, a fourth branch, a fifth branch and a sixth branch with different shapes, wherein the first branch and the second branch are stacked along the first direction of the PCB substrate to form a first branch group, and the third branch and the fourth branch are stacked along the first direction to form a second branch group; the first branch group and the second branch group are arranged at intervals along the second direction; two ends of the fifth branch are respectively connected to the first branch group and the second branch group, and the size of the fifth branch along the first direction is 10-15 mm; the sixth branch knot is formed on the PCB substrate and arranged at intervals with the second branch knot group along the third direction. The utility model provides an antenna unit is board-mounted antenna, and the section height is low, has hidden advantage, can assemble the arbitrary space of car in a flexible way. The utility model also provides a multiaerial subassembly and car.

Description

Antenna unit, multiaerial subassembly and car

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an on-vehicle antenna technical field, concretely relates to antenna unit, multiantenna subassembly and car.

Background

At present, with the development of mobile communication technology, especially the arrival of 5G communication and car networking technology, more and more attention is paid to the function of wireless networking in automobiles. At present, most of vehicle-mounted antennas covering a multi-antenna system are shark fin antennas, the shark fin antennas are high in height due to the fact that the 5G antennas are placed in the shark fin antennas in a PCB vertical plate mode, the shark fin antennas are 40 mm-60 mm in height, the antenna structure is complex, and the placement positions of the shark fin antennas are limited.

Therefore, the conventional shark fin antenna has the problems of high antenna height and limited placement position due to the arrangement of the vehicle-mounted 5G antenna.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the problem that current shark fin antenna height is higher, place the position limitation.

In a first aspect, the utility model provides a board carries antenna unit has the lower high increase vertical polarization's irradiator so that the section height of antenna is low through the setting, has hidden characteristics for each space that contains this antenna unit's on-vehicle 5G antenna, contains the multiaerial subassembly and the system of on-vehicle 5G antenna can assemble the car in a flexible way.

In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention discloses an antenna unit, which is formed on a PCB substrate, wherein the antenna unit includes a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, a fourth branch, a fifth branch and a sixth branch having different shapes, the first branch and the second branch are stacked along a first direction of the PCB substrate to form a first branch group, the first direction is a thickness direction of the PCB substrate, and the third branch and the fourth branch are stacked along the first direction to form a second branch group; the first branch group and the second branch group are arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the second direction is vertical to the first direction; two ends of the fifth branch are respectively connected to the first branch group and the second branch group, and the size of the fifth branch along the first direction is 10-15 mm; the sixth branch knot is formed on the PCB substrate and arranged at intervals with the second branch knot group along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

By adopting the technical scheme, the antenna unit is arranged on the PCB substrate in an onboard mode, and occupies a smaller ground plane structure while realizing the same communication function as a vehicle-mounted 5G antenna in the shark fin antenna; the height of the fifth branch in the antenna unit is the highest and is only 10 mm-15 mm, so that the highest height of the antenna unit is 10 mm-15 mm, and the antenna unit has a low section height and can be flexibly placed in any space in an automobile. In addition, a nearly hidden radiator (a fifth branch) for increasing vertical polarization and a metal copper-clad structure (a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, a fourth branch and a sixth branch) on the PCB substrate are combined to design, so that the working frequency bands of various automobile communication antennas are jointly excited, 698-960 MHz, 1710-2690 MHz and 3300-5000 MHz are covered, and a compact onboard multi-mode working state is realized.

Furthermore, the first branch knot and the second branch knot are oppositely arranged and are respectively formed on the first side and the second side of the PCB substrate; first minor matters are the rectangle, and the second minor matters include first rectangle body and connect the edge on first rectangle body the second direction orientation the bellied first bellying of second minor matters group, first bellying set up and keep away from PCB base plate edge along the second direction and first rectangle body set up and keep away from PCB base plate edge along the second direction one side and align the setting in the second direction, and the area of first minor matters is less than the second minor matters.

Furthermore, the feed point of the antenna unit is arranged on the second branch knot.

Furthermore, the third branch and the fourth branch are oppositely arranged and respectively formed on the first side and the second side of the PCB substrate; the third branch knot comprises a second rectangular body and a second bulge part which is connected to the second rectangular body and bulges towards the first branch knot group along the second direction; the fourth branch knot comprises a third rectangular body and a plurality of third protruding portions connected to the third rectangular body and protruding towards the first branch knot group along the second direction, and the area of the third branch knot is smaller than that of the fourth branch knot.

Further, the sixth branch is aligned with the second branch group in the third direction.

Furthermore, the fifth branch knot is door frame-shaped, and two ends of the fifth branch knot are respectively inserted into the first branch knot group and the second branch knot group.

Furthermore, the first branch group comprises a first through hole extending along the first direction, and the second branch group comprises a second through hole extending along the first direction; the first branch knot and the second branch knot are electrically connected through the first through hole, and the third branch knot and the fourth branch knot are electrically connected through the second through hole.

Further, the antenna unit is arranged in a clearance area of the PCB substrate.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a multiple antenna assembly, including a PCB substrate and an antenna unit as described above, wherein the antenna unit is formed on the PCB substrate along a first direction, and the first direction is a thickness direction of the PCB substrate; the antenna unit at least comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit extends along the second direction of the PCB substrate, the second antenna unit extends along the third direction of the PCB substrate, the second direction is perpendicular to the third direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the third direction.

By adopting the technical scheme, the multi-antenna component consisting of the plurality of antenna units has a smaller ground plane structure and a lower section height. The first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are both monopole antennas, and are vertically arranged, so that polarization isolation is realized, and field type complementation is realized.

Further, the length of the PCB substrate in the second direction is 120 mm-140mm, and the length of the PCB substrate in the third direction is 75 mm-100 mm.

Furthermore, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are arranged on opposite corners of the PCB substrate.

By adopting the technical scheme, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have better isolation.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides an automobile comprising a multiple antenna assembly as described above.

By adopting the technical scheme, the multi-antenna assembly has lower section height, so that the placement position of the multi-antenna assembly on the automobile is not limited, and the multi-antenna assembly can be flexibly placed according to actual requirements to meet different requirements of users.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an antenna unit in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 shows a perspective view one of the multiple antenna elements in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 shows a second perspective view of a multiple antenna assembly in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 shows a top view of a multiple antenna assembly in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 5 illustrates a bottom view of a multiple antenna assembly in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 6 illustrates a front view of a multiple antenna assembly in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 7 illustrates a rear view of a multiple antenna assembly in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 8 shows a main mode current diagram of a low frequency band in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 shows a low-band high-order mode current diagram in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 10 shows a main mode current diagram of a middle frequency band in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 shows a high order mode current diagram for a mid-range in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 12 shows a main mode current diagram of a high frequency band in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 13 shows a high order mode current diagram for a high frequency band in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 14 shows a voltage standing wave ratio plot one in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 15 shows a voltage standing wave ratio graph two in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 16 shows an isolation graph of multiple antenna elements in an embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings, the names of the components corresponding to the reference numerals are as follows:

1-an antenna element, 11-a first branch, 12-a second branch, 12 a-a first protrusion of the second branch, 12 b-a second groove of the second branch, 13-a third branch, 13 a-a second protrusion of the third branch, 14-a fourth branch, 14 a-a first protrusion of the fourth branch, 14 b-a second protrusion of the fourth branch, 14 c-a groove of the fourth branch, 15-a fifth branch, 16-a sixth branch, 1 a-a first branch, 1 b-a second branch, 2-a PCB substrate, 21-a first side of the PCB substrate, 22-a second side of the PCB substrate, 3-a clearance zone, 4-a via, 41-a first via, 42-a second via, 5-a metallic interposer via, 6-a multiantenna, 7-a protrusion of the first surface, W1-a fifth branch in the second direction, W1-a third branch in the second direction, H-a fifth branch in the second direction, 4-a third branch in the third direction, K-a third branch in the first direction, 3-a third branch in the length direction, K-a third branch in the second direction, 3-a third branch in the length direction, 4-a third branch in the length, a third branch in the length direction, y-second direction, Z-third direction.

Detailed Description

The following description is given for illustrative embodiments of the invention, and other advantages and effects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the features of the invention to that embodiment. On the contrary, the intention of implementing the novel features described in connection with the embodiments is to cover other alternatives or modifications which may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are included to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. The invention may be practiced without these particulars. Furthermore, some of the specific details are omitted from the description so as not to obscure or obscure the present invention. It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

The terms "first," "second," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present embodiment, it should be further noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present embodiment can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In a first aspect, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides an antenna unit 1, wherein the antenna unit 1 is formed on a PCB substrate 2, and the antenna unit 1 includes a first branch 11, a second branch 12, a third branch 13, a fourth branch 14, a fifth branch 15, and a sixth branch 16 having different shapes.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 are stacked along a first direction X of the PCB substrate 2 to form a first branch group 1a, where the first direction X is a thickness direction of the PCB substrate 2. The third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 are stacked in the first direction X to form the second branch group 1b. The first branch group 1a and the second branch group 1b are arranged at intervals along a second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X.

Referring to fig. 1, both ends of the fifth branch 15 are respectively connected to the first branch group 1a and the second branch group 1b, and a dimension H1 of the fifth branch 15 in the first direction X is 10mm to 15mm.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the sixth branches 16 are formed on the PCB substrate 2 and spaced apart from the second branch group 1b along a third direction Z, which is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y.

The utility model provides an antenna unit 1 is board-mounted 5G antenna, and first minor matters 11, second minor matters 12, third minor matters 13, fourth minor matters 14 and sixth minor matters 16 are formed on first side 21 or second side 22 of PCB base plate 2 respectively. The highest height in the antenna unit 1 is the dimension of the fifth branch 15 along the first direction X, and is 10mm to 15mm. In the shark fin antenna, the 5G antenna is arranged in the inner cavity of the shark fin antenna in the form of a PCB vertical plate, and in the shark fin antenna of the multi-antenna system, the height of the 5G antenna is the highest, so that the section height of the shark fin antenna is 40 mm-60 mm. Compared with shark fin antenna, the utility model provides an antenna unit 1 has lower profile height, and the multi-antenna system or the subassembly that form such as V2X antenna, LTE antenna by antenna unit 1 and other antennas are more flat for the position of placing of multi-antenna system or subassembly on the car is more nimble, has higher degree of freedom.

In some possible embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 are oppositely disposed and respectively formed on two sides of the PCB substrate. Namely, the first branch 11 is formed on the PCB substrate 2 and located at the first side 21 of the PCB substrate 2; the second branch 12 is formed on the PCB substrate 2 and located on the second side 22 of the PCB substrate 2, and the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 are stacked.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first branch 11 has a rectangular shape. Referring to fig. 2 and 5, the second branch 12 includes a first rectangular body and a first protruding portion 12a (as shown in fig. 2) connected to the first rectangular body and protruding toward the second branch group 1b along the second direction Y, wherein one side of the first protruding portion 12a, which is disposed along the second direction Y and is far away from the edge of the PCB substrate 2, and one side of the first rectangular body, which is disposed along the second direction Y and is far away from the edge of the PCB substrate 2, are aligned in the second direction Y, or the two sides are a straight line in the second direction Y.

Referring to fig. 1, the first branch 11 has a smaller area than the second branch 12. The entire area of the first branch 11 overlaps with a partial area of the second branch 12. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the length of the first branch 11 in the third direction Z is L1, the length of the second branch 12 in the third direction Z is L2, and L1 is smaller than L2. The length of the first branch 11 along the second direction Y is K1, the lengths of the two ends of the second branch 12 along the second direction Y in the third direction Z are K1 and K2, respectively, and K1 is smaller than K2. That is, the length of the first rectangular body of the second branch 12 along the second direction Y is K1, and the total length of the first rectangular body and the first protrusion 12a (as shown in fig. 2) connected to the first rectangular body and protruding toward the second branch group 1b along the second direction Y is K2. The area L1 × K1 of the first branch 11 is smaller than the area L2 × K2- (L2-L1) × (K2-K1) of the second branch 12.

In other possible embodiments, the second branch 12 may serve as a feed point for the antenna element 1. For example, the signal may be introduced into and derived from the antenna unit 1 through a coaxial cable. Specifically, the core of the coaxial cable may be connected to the second branch 12, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable may be connected to a grounded copper-clad region on the PCB substrate 2 (e.g., a grounded copper-clad region near the second branch 12).

In some other possible embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 are oppositely disposed and respectively formed on two sides of the PCB substrate. That is, the third branch 13 is formed on the PCB substrate 2 and located on the first side 21 of the PCB substrate 2, the fourth branch 14 is disposed on the PCB substrate 2 and located on the second side 22 of the PCB substrate 2, and the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 are stacked.

Referring to fig. 2 in conjunction with fig. 1 and 4, the third branch 13 includes a second rectangular body and a second protrusion 13a (shown in fig. 2) connected to the second rectangular body and protruding toward the first branch group 1a along the second direction Y, and the second protrusion 13a is disposed at a middle position of the third branch 13, so that the third branch 13 is in a shape of a "convex".

Referring to fig. 2 in conjunction with fig. 1 and 5, the fourth branch 14 includes a third rectangular body and a plurality of third protrusions, namely, a first protrusion 14a and a second protrusion 14b (shown in fig. 2), connected to the third rectangular body and protruding toward the first branch group 1a along the second direction Y.

Referring to fig. 2, the third branch 13 has a smaller area than the fourth branch 14. The entire area of the third branch 13 overlaps with a partial area of the fourth branch 14. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the length of the third branch 13 in the third direction Z is L3, the length of the fourth branch 14 in the third direction Z is L4, and L3 is equal to L4. The length of the third branch 13 along the second direction Y is K3, the length of the second direction Y of the two ends of the fourth branch 14 along the third direction Z is K4, and K3 is smaller than K4.

In this embodiment, the length L2 of the second branch 12 in the third direction Z is equal to the length L3 of the third branch 13 in the third direction Z, that is, L2= L3.

The utility model provides an antenna unit 1 is including first minor matters 11, second minor matters 12, third minor matters 13, the fourth minor matters 14 that have different shapes. The first branch 11 and the third branch 13 are copper-clad branches of the PCB substrate 2 on the first side 21 and have different shapes, and the second branch 12 and the fourth branch 14 are copper-clad branches of the PCB substrate 2 on the second side 22 and have different shapes. That is, the shape of the copper-clad branch on the first side 21 is different from the shape of the copper-clad branch on the second side 22, and the first side 21 and the second side 22 combine the fifth branch 15 connected to the PCB substrate 2 (or the first branch 11, the second branch 12, the third branch 13, and the fourth branch 14) through a differentiated copper-clad branch structure, so that the current flowing through the fifth branch 15 is finely and differentially distributed to different positions on the first side 21 and the second side 22 of the PCB substrate 2, and the first branch 11, the second branch 12, the third branch 13, the fourth branch 14, and the fifth branch 15 jointly excite a plurality of ultra-wide bandwidth antenna operation modes which are continuously stacked and converged, thereby forming the on-board low-profile ultra-wide band antenna unit 1.

In some other possible embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the sixth branch 16 is aligned with the second branch group 1b along the third direction Z. Specifically, the sixth branch 16 and the second branch group 1b are both disposed on the edge of the PCB substrate 2 along the second direction Y, and are on the same straight line along the third direction Z. The length of the sixth branch 16 in the second direction Y is K6, which is equal to the length K4 of the fourth branch 14 in the second direction Y, i.e., K6= K4. The sixth stub 16 is a grooved structure on the first side 21 of the PCB substrate 2.

With the above technical solution, referring to fig. 2, design points of copper plating on the first side 21 and the second side 22 on the pcb substrate 2 are specifically the first protruding portion 12a of the second branch 12, the third protruding portion 14a and the third protruding portion 14b of the fourth branch 14, and the protruding portion 7 of the first side 21. The projections (design points) combine with parasitic effects generated by the perturbed trench structure, so that the original single current distribution path is dispersed into a plurality of different current path distributions, and the bandwidth range limited by single resonance is expanded. The grooving structure comprises a grooving part 12b of the second branch, a grooving part 14c of the fourth branch and a sixth branch 16.

In addition, by utilizing the characteristics of low Q value and bandwidth expansion brought by air medium, a wider single working mode broadband can be obtained compared with the traditional single PCB on-board antenna by the scheme of combining the fifth branch 15 with the on-board copper-coated branch of the PCB substrate 2. The Q value is a main parameter for measuring the inductance device, and refers to the ratio of the inductance presented by the inductor when it is operated under an ac voltage of a certain frequency to the equivalent loss resistance. The higher the Q value of the inductor, the smaller its losses and the higher the efficiency.

In some possible embodiments, the fifth branch 15 is a radiator that adds vertical polarization. The fifth branch knot 15 is shaped like a door frame, and two ends of the fifth branch knot 15 are respectively inserted into the first branch knot group 1a and the second branch knot group 1b. Illustratively, referring to fig. 1, the fifth branch 15 is a metal insert, and the metal insert is in the shape of a door frame. The metal insert can increase vertical polarization.

Correspondingly, the PCB substrate 2, the first branch group 1a and the second branch group 1b are all provided with metal plug-in through holes 5 along the first direction X, and the metal plug-in through holes 5 are used for placing metal plugs. Specifically, the metal insert is provided with a first side and a second side along the second direction Y, which are capable of being inserted into the metal insert through holes 5 to be connected to the first branch group 1a and the second branch group 1b, respectively, and the first side and the second side extend along the first direction X. The first edge and the second edge are connected by a connecting edge, which extends in the second direction Y. The dimension H1 of the metal insert along the first direction X is 10 mm-15 mm.

In the antenna unit 1, the length H1 of the metal insert (fifth branch) along the first direction X determines the height of the antenna unit 1, so that the size of the antenna unit 1 along the first direction X is 10mm to 15mm, and the antenna unit 1 has a low profile height and can be flexibly placed in various spaces of an automobile.

In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the first branch group 1a and the second branch group 1b are each provided with a through hole 4. The first branch group 1a includes a first through hole 41 extending along the first direction X, and the second branch group 1b includes a second through hole 42 extending along the first direction X; the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 are electrically connected through a first through hole 41, and the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 are electrically connected through a second through hole 42.

In some possible embodiments, referring to fig. 5, the distance between the first through hole 41 and the second through hole 42 and the metal insert through hole 5 provided on the first stub set 1a and the second stub set 1b along the second direction Y is 5mm to 8mm, that is, the closest distance between the through hole 4 and the metal insert through hole 5 is 5mm to 8mm, so that the pulse signal can be transmitted to the destination with very small loss, allowing signals above the cutoff frequency to pass through, while signals below the cutoff frequency are blocked or attenuated, so as to optimize the performance of the antenna unit 1.

In other possible embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the antenna unit 1 is provided in the clearance area 3 of the PCB substrate 2, so that the antenna unit 1 is less subject to electromagnetic interference. The length of the clearance area 3 in the third direction Z is L5, which is greater than the length L2 of the first branch group 1a and the length L4 of the second branch group 1b.

The utility model provides an antenna unit 1 comprises copper facing minor matters (first minor matters 11, second minor matters 12, third minor matters 13 and fourth minor matters 14, sixth minor matters 16), metal plug-in components (fifth minor matters 15) and headroom region 3, has the structure of minimality, and lower section height, and the broadband of the expansion of the frequency channel of covering 698 ~ 960MHz, 1710 ~ 2690MHz, 3300 ~ 5000MHz. Wherein 698-960 MHz is a low frequency band; 1710-2690 MHz is a middle frequency range; 3300-5000 MHz is high frequency band.

Referring to fig. 8 to 13 in conjunction with fig. 1, current diagrams of the main mode and the higher mode of different frequency bands are respectively shown. The current path corresponding to each operation mode is formed by the length W1 of the fifth branch 15 (metal insert) along the second direction Y, the length H1 along the first direction X, the length of the copper-clad branch (i.e., L2 or L3) on the first side 21, the first and second bosses 14a and 14b on the fourth branch 14, the clearance area 3 of the PCB substrate 2 at the distance Dx from the first branch group 1a in the second direction Y, and the clearance area 3 of the PCB substrate 2 at the distance Dy from the first branch group 1a in the third direction Z, the edge of the on-board structure (e.g., the sixth branch 16 and the boss 7 on the first side shown in fig. 2).

Each operating mode has a unique current distribution and current direction, illustratively, fig. 8 shows a main mode current diagram for the low frequency band, and fig. 9 shows a higher mode current diagram for the low frequency band; fig. 10 shows a diagram of the main mode current in the middle frequency band, and fig. 11 shows a diagram of the higher mode current in the middle frequency band; fig. 12 shows a main mode current diagram of a high frequency band, and fig. 13 shows a higher mode current diagram of a high frequency band. The single working mode with widened bandwidth is further overlapped with the high-order mode, and the multi-order working modes excited by the antenna unit 1 are mutually fused, so that the common stacking of the main mode and a plurality of high-order modes is realized, and the ultra-wide working bandwidth is formed.

Fig. 14 to 15 show the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna unit 1. Exemplarily, referring to fig. 14, the ordinate is SWR (standing wave ratio) and the abscissa is frequency. The first mark point shows that when the frequency is 698MHz, the standing-wave ratio is 3.78; the second mark point shows that when the frequency is 960MHz, the standing-wave ratio is 3.15; the third marked point shows that when the frequency is 1710MHz, the standing-wave ratio is 1.19; the fourth mark point shows that when the frequency is 2690MHz, the standing-wave ratio is 1.63; the fifth marked point represents that when the frequency is 3300MHz, the standing-wave ratio is 1.52; the sixth marker point indicates that the standing wave ratio is about 2 at a frequency of 5000MHz.

With reference to the six marks in fig. 14, it can be seen that the voltage standing wave ratio of the port is below 5, and the port is in a low frequency band, i.e., 698 to 960MHz; when the voltage standing wave ratio is below 3, the voltage standing wave ratio is in a middle frequency band, namely 1710-2690 MHz; when the voltage standing wave ratio is below 3, the voltage standing wave ratio is in a high frequency band, namely 3300-5000 MHz.

In a second aspect, referring to fig. 2 in combination with fig. 3 to 7, the present invention provides a multi-antenna assembly 6, which includes a PCB substrate 2 and an antenna unit 1 as described above, wherein the antenna unit 1 is formed on the PCB substrate 2 along a first direction X, and the first direction X is a thickness direction of the PCB substrate 2.

The antenna unit 1 at least comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have the same structure. The first antenna unit extends along a second direction Y of the PCB substrate 2, the second antenna unit 1 extends along a third direction Z of the PCB substrate 2, the second direction Y is perpendicular to the third direction Z, and the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y and the third direction Z. The first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are both monopole antennas, and the first antenna unit is perpendicular to the second antenna unit, so that the monopole antennas can receive incoming signals in the horizontal direction and can receive incoming signals in the vertical direction, and field type complementation is realized. On the other hand, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are vertically arranged, so that the polarization directions of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are vertical, and high isolation is realized.

Referring to fig. 2 in conjunction with fig. 3 to 7, the length of the pcb substrate 2 in the second direction Y is 120mm to 140mm, and the length of the pcb substrate 2 in the third direction Z is 75mm to 100mm. In this embodiment, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are disposed at opposite corners of the PCB substrate 2, so that the isolation between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is-13 dB to-10 dB, and mutual interference is reduced.

Preferably, the length of the PCB substrate 2 is 100mm x 140mm, the antenna units 1 are respectively disposed at the edges of the PCB substrate 2, as shown in fig. 2, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are respectively disposed at opposite corners of the PCB substrate 2, so that a sufficiently high isolation between the two antenna units is obtained, and especially, the isolation of the low frequency band 698-960 MHz can reach-10 dB or less.

Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 16, the isolation between the first antenna element and the second antenna element is below-10 dB. Specifically, the first marked point shows that at a frequency of 698MHz, the isolation is about-18 dB; the second marker shows isolation of-17.66 dB at a frequency of 960MHz; the third plot shows that at a frequency of 1710MHz, the isolation is about-19.28 dB; the fourth plot shows that at a frequency of 2690MHz, the isolation is about-30.75 dB; the fifth marked point shows that at a frequency of 3300MHz, the isolation is about-42.37 dB; the sixth marked point shows that at a frequency of 5000MHz, the isolation is about-43.58 dB.

In some possible embodiments, in addition to including a 5G communications antenna, a V2X communications band covering the 5850 to 5920MHz band is integrated into multiple antenna assembly 6 to optimize performance of multiple antenna assembly 6. And the antenna unit 1 enables the section height of the multi-antenna assembly 6 to be reduced, and the multi-antenna assembly can be flexibly placed without being influenced by the section height when being installed on an automobile.

In a third aspect, the present invention discloses an automobile comprising a multiple antenna assembly 6 as described above.

By adopting the technical scheme, the multi-antenna assembly 6 with a low section height is used on the automobile, so that the placement position of the multi-antenna assembly 6 is flexible and is not limited. The multi-antenna assembly 6 not only has compact antenna layout and lower section height, but also can realize higher low-frequency isolation, and simultaneously meets the application requirements of various multi-antenna multi-band automobile communication systems.

While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention, and the specific embodiments thereof are not to be considered as limiting. Various changes in form and detail, including simple deductions or substitutions, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (12)

1. An antenna unit is characterized in that the antenna unit is formed on a PCB substrate and comprises a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, a fourth branch, a fifth branch and a sixth branch which have different shapes,

the first branch and the second branch are stacked along a first direction of the PCB substrate to form a first branch group, the first direction is the thickness direction of the PCB substrate, and the third branch and the fourth branch are stacked along the first direction to form a second branch group;

the first branch group and the second branch group are arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

two ends of the fifth branch are respectively connected to the first branch group and the second branch group, and the size of the fifth branch along the first direction is 10-15 mm;

the sixth branch knot is formed on the PCB substrate and is arranged at intervals with the second branch knot group along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

2. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the first leg and the second leg are oppositely disposed and formed on a first side and a second side of the PCB substrate, respectively; first minor matters are the rectangle, the second minor matters include first rectangle body and connect the edge on first rectangle body the second direction orientation the bellied first bellying of second minor matters group, first bellying is followed the second direction sets up and keeps away from one side at PCB base plate edge with first rectangle body is followed the second direction sets up and keeps away from one side at PCB base plate edge aligns the setting in the second direction, the area of first minor matters is less than the second minor matters.

3. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein a feed point of said antenna element is disposed on said second leg.

4. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the third branch and the fourth branch are oppositely disposed and respectively formed on the first side and the second side of the PCB substrate; the third branch knot comprises a second rectangular body and a second bulge part which is connected to the second rectangular body and bulges towards the first branch knot group along the second direction;

the fourth branch knot comprises a third rectangular body and a plurality of third protruding portions connected to the third rectangular body and oriented to the first branch knot group in the second direction, and the area of the third branch knot is smaller than that of the fourth branch knot.

5. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the sixth stub is aligned with the second stub set along the third direction.

6. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the fifth stub is shaped like a door frame, and two ends of the fifth stub are respectively inserted into the first stub set and the second stub set.

7. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the first set of stubs includes a first via extending along the first direction, and the second set of stubs includes a second via extending along the first direction;

the first branch knot is electrically connected with the second branch knot through the first through hole, and the third branch knot is electrically connected with the fourth branch knot through the second through hole.

8. The antenna element of any one of claims 1-7, wherein said antenna element is disposed in a clearance area of said PCB substrate.

9. A multiple antenna assembly comprising a PCB substrate and an antenna unit according to any of claims 1 to 8,

the antenna unit is formed on the PCB substrate along a first direction, and the first direction is the thickness direction of the PCB substrate;

the antenna unit at least comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit extends along the second direction of the PCB substrate, the second antenna unit extends along the third direction of the PCB substrate, the second direction is perpendicular to the third direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the third direction.

10. The multiple antenna assembly of claim 9, wherein the length of the PCB substrate in the second direction is 120mm to 140mm, and the length of the PCB substrate in the three directions is 75mm to 100mm.

11. The multiple antenna assembly of claim 10, wherein the first antenna element and the second antenna element are disposed diagonally across the PCB substrate.

12. An automobile, characterized in that it comprises a multiple antenna assembly according to any one of claims 9 to 11.

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