CN218385298U - Hydrogen supply device for fuel cell engine - Google Patents

Hydrogen supply device for fuel cell engine Download PDF

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CN218385298U
CN218385298U CN202222673694.8U CN202222673694U CN218385298U CN 218385298 U CN218385298 U CN 218385298U CN 202222673694 U CN202222673694 U CN 202222673694U CN 218385298 U CN218385298 U CN 218385298U
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proportional valve
hydrogen
main
fuel cell
bypass
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高明昭
李飞强
张国强
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Beijing Sinohytec Co Ltd
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Beijing Sinohytec Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Abstract

The utility model provides a hydrogen gas supply device for fuel cell engine belongs to fuel cell technical field, has solved the unstable problem of air feed pressure that prior art exists. The device comprises a main proportional valve, a bypass proportional valve and an ejector which are integrated into a whole. The main proportional valve and the ejector are sequentially connected with a hydrogen inlet of the electric pile to form a main gas supply branch for supplying hydrogen to the electric pile after the engine is started. The bypass path proportional valve is directly connected with a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile and is connected with the main gas supply branch in parallel to form a bypass gas supply branch for hydrogen supply of the galvanic pile, which is self-started when the engine is switched to a high working condition point to operate. When switching high operating point, the hydrogen consumption demand of fuel cell engine can't be satisfied to main air feed branch alone, and bypass air feed branch switches on this moment for the pile lasts supplementary hydrogen for fuel cell engine operation in the hydrogen atmospheric pressure keeps the condition that is higher than air pressure always, guarantees that the pile is under efficient operating condition all the time.

Description

Hydrogen supply device for fuel cell engine
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell technical field especially relates to a hydrogen gas supply device for fuel cell engine.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell automobile is a new energy automobile with wide development prospect, and has the advantages of short hydrogenation time, long driving range and the like. The fuel cell engine mounted thereon generally includes a stack and peripheral subsystems such as a hydrogen supply, an air supply, and a cooling cycle. Because the membrane electrode in the galvanic pile has a very high requirement on the stability of the gas supply pressure, the pressure fluctuation of the hydrogen gas supply subsystem needs to be stable.
Existing hydrogen gas supply subsystems mainly employ a hydrogen gas injector in the form of a switch. In order to improve the accuracy of the flow control, a control scheme using a hydrogen injector and a proportional valve is also proposed by professionals. In the control scheme, the FCU outputs PWM signals to control the proportional valve so as to control the hydrogen flow output by the hydrogen injector to enter the pile, but the unstable phenomenon of the gas supply pressure generally occurs due to the fact that a single proportional valve switches the working point, and the service life of the pile is influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the foregoing analysis, the embodiments of the present invention are directed to providing a hydrogen gas supply device for a fuel cell engine to solve the problem of unstable supply pressure in the prior art.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen supply apparatus for a fuel cell engine, including a main proportional valve, a bypass proportional valve, and an injector integrated together; wherein,
the main proportional valve and the ejector are sequentially connected and then connected with a hydrogen inlet of the electric pile to form a main gas supply branch which is disconnected when the engine is started and closed;
the bypass path proportional valve is directly connected with a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile and is connected with the main gas supply branch in parallel to form a bypass gas supply branch which is started when the engine is switched from a low working condition point to a high working condition point after being started and is disconnected from the high working condition point to the low working condition point.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: the hydrogen supply device integrates the ejector and the two proportional valves, the main proportional valve is controlled to be opened firstly, the bypass proportional valve is closed, and when the engine runs at a low working point after being started, the opening degree of the main proportional valve is adjusted by taking the pressure of the hydrogen entering the pile as a control target, so that the device provides hydrogen for the pile at a point where the working current of the fuel cell is low. When the engine is switched to a high working condition point (the working current of the fuel cell needs to be increased), the main gas supply branch works alone and cannot meet the hydrogen consumption requirement of the fuel cell engine, and at the moment, the bypass proportional valve is opened to continuously supplement hydrogen for the fuel cell stack, so that the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell engine is always in a high-efficiency working state.
Based on the further improvement of the device, the hydrogen supply device also comprises an explosion-proof shell; wherein,
the main proportional valve, the bypass proportional valve and the ejector are all integrated inside the explosion-proof shell;
a first hydrogen input end used for being connected with a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder, a second hydrogen input end used for being connected with a hydrogen tail gas outlet of the galvanic pile and a hydrogen output end used for being connected with a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile are arranged on the outer side of the anti-explosion shell; and the first hydrogen input end is connected with a main proportional valve in the explosion-proof shell, the second hydrogen input end is connected with a drainage inlet of an ejector in the explosion-proof shell, and the hydrogen output end is connected with a hydrogen inlet of an outer electric pile of the explosion-proof shell.
The hydrogen supply device further comprises a controller, wherein the controller is used for controlling the opening of the main proportional valve to be opened and the closing of the bypass proportional valve when the engine runs at a low working condition point, increasing the opening of the main proportional valve after receiving a control command for switching the engine to a high working condition point, and opening the bypass proportional valve for a set time and then adjusting the opening of the bypass proportional valve according to the target stack-entering air pressure at the high working condition point; wherein,
and the output end of the controller is respectively connected with the control ends of the main proportional valve and the bypass proportional valve.
Further, the controller comprises a data acquisition unit and a data processing and control unit which are connected in sequence.
Further, the data acquisition unit further comprises:
the first pressure sensor is arranged at a jet flow inlet of the ejector or at an output end of the main proportional valve;
the second pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the pipeline at the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile;
and the current sensor is arranged at the control end of the bypass passage proportional valve.
Further, the data processing and control unit is provided with a display module; wherein,
real-time data collected by the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the current sensor are displayed on a display screen of the display module.
Further, the hydrogen supply device also comprises a third proportional valve; wherein,
the input end of the third proportional valve is connected with a hydrogen tail gas outlet of the galvanic pile, the output end of the third proportional valve is connected with a drainage inlet of the ejector, and the control end of the third proportional valve is connected with the output end of the controller;
and the third proportional valve is integrated with the main proportional valve, the bypass proportional valve and the ejector.
Further, the hydrogen supply device also comprises a stop valve; wherein,
the output end of the stop valve is respectively connected with the input ends of the main proportional valve and the by-pass proportional valve and integrated with the main proportional valve, the by-pass proportional valve and the ejector.
Further, the hydrogen gas supply device also comprises a gas-liquid separator; wherein,
the input end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a hydrogen tail gas outlet of the galvanic pile, the gas output end is connected with a drainage inlet of the ejector through a third proportional valve, and the liquid output end is connected with a tail discharge pipeline of a fuel cell engine;
the gas-liquid separator is integrated with the third proportional valve, the main proportional valve, the bypass proportional valve and the ejector.
Further, all the inner walls of the pipelines in contact with the hydrogen in the main gas supply branch and the bypass gas supply branch are coated with hydrogen permeation resistant coatings.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses can realize one of following beneficial effect at least:
1. the high operating point and the low operating point of the fuel cell engine are efficiently controlled by the two proportional valves.
2. When the engine is switched to a high working condition point, the opening degree of the main proportional valve is firstly improved to increase the hydrogen flow entering the pile, and then the bypass proportional valve is opened to reach the target position to overcome the problem of response delay of the bypass proportional valve.
3. And monitoring the hydrogen gas intake state of the fuel cell engine in real time through each pressure sensor and each current sensor.
The summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. The summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the composition of a hydrogen supply apparatus for a fuel cell engine according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the principle of a hydrogen supply apparatus according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the composition of a hydrogen gas supply apparatus according to example 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect on flow of directly actuating a bypass proportional valve during a trip in an operating point of embodiment 2;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the influence of the control scheme of the present embodiment on the flow rate during the operating point switching of embodiment 2.
Reference numerals:
1-a main proportional valve; 2-a bypass proportional valve; 3-an ejector; 4-a first pressure sensor; 5-second pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The term "including" and variations thereof as used herein is intended to be open-ended, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "or" means "and/or". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
Example 1
The invention discloses a hydrogen supply device for a fuel cell engine, which comprises a main proportional valve, a bypass proportional valve and an ejector which are integrated into a whole as shown in figures 1 to 2.
The main proportional valve and the ejector are sequentially connected with a hydrogen inlet of the electric pile to form a main gas supply branch which is disconnected when the engine is started and closed. When the engine is at a low working condition point and a high working condition point, the main air supply branch is conducted.
The bypass path proportional valve is directly connected with a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile and is connected with the main gas supply branch in parallel to form a bypass gas supply branch which is started when the engine is switched from a low working condition point to a high working condition point after being started and is disconnected from the high working condition point to the low working condition point.
The operating point may be one of output current, output power and required hydrogen pressure of the electric pile. Taking the output current of the galvanic pile as an example, the high working condition point is that the current reaches more than 280A, the low working condition point is that the current is less than 260A, the current is a hysteresis interval between 260A and 280A, when the current exceeds 280A, the Bypass proportional valve is opened, and when the current is less than 260A, the Bypass proportional valve is closed, so that the frequent jump of the state of the Bypass proportional valve is prevented.
When the fuel cell engine is switched to the high working condition point, the main gas supply branch and the bypass gas supply branch are both switched on to supplement hydrogen for the fuel cell engine.
Compared with the prior art, the cooling device provided by the embodiment integrates the ejector and the two proportional valves, the main proportional valve is controlled to be opened first, the bypass proportional valve is closed, and when the engine runs at a low working condition point after being started, the opening degree of the main proportional valve is adjusted by taking the pressure of the hydrogen entering the reactor as a control target, so that the device provides hydrogen for the electric reactor at a point where the working current of the fuel cell is low. When the engine is switched to a high working condition point (the working current of the fuel cell needs to be increased), the main gas supply branch works alone and cannot meet the hydrogen consumption requirement of the fuel cell engine, and at the moment, the bypass path proportional valve is opened to continuously supplement hydrogen for the fuel cell stack, so that the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell engine is always in a high-efficiency working state.
Example 2
The improvement is carried out on the basis of the embodiment 1, and the hydrogen supply device also comprises an explosion-proof shell. The main proportional valve, the bypass proportional valve and the ejector are all integrated inside the explosion-proof shell.
A first hydrogen input end used for being connected with a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder, a second hydrogen input end used for being connected with a hydrogen tail gas outlet of the galvanic pile and a hydrogen output end used for being connected with a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile are arranged on the outer side of the anti-explosion shell; and the first hydrogen input end is connected with a main proportional valve in the explosion-proof shell, the second hydrogen input end is connected with a drainage inlet of an ejector in the explosion-proof shell, and the hydrogen output end is connected with a hydrogen inlet of an outer electric pile of the explosion-proof shell.
Preferably, the hydrogen supply device further comprises a controller. The output end of the controller is respectively connected with the control ends of the main proportional valve and the bypass proportional valve.
And the controller is used for controlling the opening of the main proportional valve and the closing of the bypass proportional valve when the engine runs at a low working condition point after starting, and adjusting the opening of the main proportional valve in real time according to the pressure of the hydrogen entering the reactor (a second pressure sensor) to maintain the pressure of the hydrogen entering the reactor to be stable. After a control command of switching the engine to a high working condition point is received, the opening degree of the main proportional valve is increased firstly to enable the indication number of the second pressure sensor to reach an original value plus the calibrated pressureS,Maintaining the set time D, and then opening the bypass proportional valve to maintain the set timeBAnd then adjusting the opening of the bypass path proportional valve according to the target stack-entering air pressure of the high working condition point. The above procedure relates only to the prior art and not to the improvement of the method.
Exemplaryly,Sthe pressure of the water is 5 kPa,Bis 1 s.
To illustrate the technical effect of the above control scheme, a set of comparative tests was performed below.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a scheme test result of directly opening a Bypass gas supply branch Bypass proportional valve when the operating point is switched, and it can be seen that a great sudden change occurs in total flow of the stack.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a delay response scheme test result for eliminating the start of the Bypass proportional valve by increasing the opening of the main proportional valve and then starting the Bypass proportional valve according to the target stack-entering pressure of the high operating point and simultaneously adjusting the opening of the main proportional valve according to the real-time jet gas pressure when the operating point is switched, and it can be seen that the total flow slowly changes, bypass slowly intervenes, and the hysteresis is effectively suppressed.
Preferably, the controller comprises a data acquisition unit and a data processing and control unit which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the data acquisition unit further comprises a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a current sensor and a temperature sensor.
A first pressure sensor arranged on the guideJet inlet of ejector or output of main proportional valve for obtaining real-time jet gas pressureP 1 As shown in fig. 3.
The second pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the pipeline at the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile and used for acquiring real-time stack-entering gas pressureP 2 As shown in fig. 3.
And the current sensor is arranged at the control end of the bypass proportional valve and used for acquiring the opening current of the bypass proportional valve.
And the temperature sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the pipeline at the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile and used for acquiring the temperature of the hydrogen entering the galvanic pile.
Preferably, the data processing and control unit has a display module. Real-time data collected by the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the current sensor and the temperature sensor are displayed on a display screen of the display module.
Preferably, the hydrogen supply device further comprises a third proportional valve. The input end of the third proportional valve is connected with a hydrogen tail gas outlet of the galvanic pile, the output end of the third proportional valve is connected with a drainage inlet of the ejector, and the control end of the third proportional valve is connected with the output end of the controller and used for controlling the flow of drainage gas of the ejector.
Preferably, the third proportional valve is integrated with the main proportional valve, the bypass proportional valve and the ejector.
Preferably, the hydrogen gas supply device further includes a shutoff valve.
The output end of the stop valve is connected with the input ends of the main proportional valve and the bypass proportional valve respectively, and the control end of the stop valve is connected with the output end of the controller and used for being opened after the fuel cell engine is started and being disconnected after the fuel cell engine is closed, so that the safety of hydrogen consumption is ensured.
Preferably, the stop valve is integrated with the main proportional valve, the bypass proportional valve and the ejector.
Preferably, the hydrogen gas supply device further includes a gas-liquid separator.
The input end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a hydrogen tail gas outlet of the galvanic pile, the gas output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a drainage inlet of the ejector through a third proportional valve, and the liquid output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a tail discharge pipeline of a fuel cell engine and used for reducing moisture in hydrogen entering the galvanic pile.
The gas-liquid separator is integrated with the third proportional valve, the main proportional valve, the bypass proportional valve and the ejector.
Preferably, all the inner walls of the pipelines in contact with the gas in the main gas supply branch and the bypass gas supply branch are coated with hydrogen permeation resistant coatings, so that hydrogen leakage is prevented, and the hydrogen use safety is further improved.
Preferably, the components of the hydrogen supply device are hermetically connected to prevent hydrogen leakage.
Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen supply device for the fuel cell engine provided by the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
1. the high operating point and the low operating point of the fuel cell engine are efficiently controlled by the two proportional valves.
2. When the engine is switched to a high working condition point, the opening degree of the main proportional valve is firstly improved to increase the hydrogen flow entering the pile, and then the bypass proportional valve is opened to reach the target position to overcome the problem of response delay of the bypass proportional valve.
3. And monitoring the hydrogen gas intake state of the fuel cell engine in real time through each pressure sensor and each temperature sensor.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements over the prior art, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims (9)

1. A hydrogen gas supply device for a fuel cell engine is characterized by comprising a main proportional valve, a bypass proportional valve and an ejector which are integrated into a whole; wherein,
the main proportional valve and the ejector are sequentially connected and then connected with a hydrogen inlet of the electric pile to form a main gas supply branch which is disconnected when the engine is started and closed;
the bypass proportional valve is directly connected with a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile and is connected with the main gas supply branch in parallel to form a bypass gas supply branch which is started when the engine is switched from a low working condition point to a high working condition point and disconnected from the high working condition point to the low working condition point after the engine is started.
2. The hydrogen gas supply device for a fuel cell engine according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising an explosion-proof housing; wherein,
the main proportional valve, the bypass proportional valve and the ejector are all integrated inside the explosion-proof shell;
a first hydrogen input end used for being connected with a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder, a second hydrogen input end used for being connected with a hydrogen tail gas outlet of the galvanic pile and a hydrogen output end used for being connected with a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile are arranged on the outer side of the anti-explosion shell; and the first hydrogen input end is connected with a main proportional valve in the explosion-proof shell, the second hydrogen input end is connected with a drainage inlet of an ejector in the explosion-proof shell, and the hydrogen output end is connected with a hydrogen inlet of an outer galvanic pile of the explosion-proof shell.
3. The hydrogen supply apparatus for a fuel cell engine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a controller for controlling the opening of the main proportional valve to be opened and the closing of the bypass proportional valve when the engine is operated at a low operating point, and for increasing the opening of the main proportional valve after receiving a control command for switching the engine to a high operating point, and for adjusting the opening of the bypass proportional valve according to a target stack-entering air pressure at the high operating point after opening the bypass proportional valve for a set time; wherein,
and the output end of the controller is respectively connected with the control ends of the main proportional valve and the bypass proportional valve.
4. A hydrogen gas supply device for a fuel cell engine according to claim 3, wherein said controller comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing and control unit connected in sequence.
5. The hydrogen gas supply device for a fuel cell engine according to claim 4, wherein the data collection unit further comprises:
the first pressure sensor is arranged at a jet flow inlet of the ejector or at an output end of the main proportional valve;
the second pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the pipeline at the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile;
and the current sensor is arranged at the control end of the bypass passage proportional valve.
6. The hydrogen gas supply device for a fuel cell engine according to claim 5, wherein the data processing and control unit has a display module; wherein,
real-time data collected by the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the current sensor are displayed on a display screen of the display module.
7. The hydrogen gas supply device for a fuel cell engine according to any one of claims 4, 5, and 6, characterized by further comprising a third proportional valve; wherein,
the input end of the third proportional valve is connected with a hydrogen tail gas outlet of the galvanic pile, the output end of the third proportional valve is connected with a drainage inlet of the ejector, and the control end of the third proportional valve is connected with the output end of the controller;
and the third proportional valve is integrated with the main proportional valve, the bypass proportional valve and the ejector.
8. The hydrogen gas supply device for a fuel cell engine according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6, characterized by further comprising a shut-off valve; wherein,
the output end of the stop valve is respectively connected with the input ends of the main proportional valve and the by-pass proportional valve and integrated with the main proportional valve, the by-pass proportional valve and the ejector.
9. The hydrogen gas supply device for a fuel cell engine according to claim 7, characterized by further comprising a gas-liquid separator; wherein,
the input end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a hydrogen tail gas outlet of the galvanic pile, the gas output end is connected with a drainage inlet of the ejector through a third proportional valve, and the liquid output end is connected with a tail discharge pipeline of a fuel cell engine;
the gas-liquid separator is integrated with the third proportional valve, the main proportional valve, the bypass proportional valve and the ejector.
CN202222673694.8U 2022-10-11 2022-10-11 Hydrogen supply device for fuel cell engine Active CN218385298U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116387557A (en) * 2023-06-05 2023-07-04 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 Hydrogen supply system of low-pressure fuel cell and control method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116387557A (en) * 2023-06-05 2023-07-04 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 Hydrogen supply system of low-pressure fuel cell and control method
CN116387557B (en) * 2023-06-05 2023-08-25 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 Hydrogen supply system of low-pressure fuel cell and control method

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