CN218321462U - Blast furnace hearth structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a blast furnace hearth structure, to the composite masonry structure of "bold carbon brick + fritter carbon brick", include the stave that sets gradually from cold face to hot face, fritter carbon brick layer, pouring material intermediate layer, bold carbon brick layer and the ceramic pouring bed of material. The pouring material interlayer is arranged between the large carbon brick and the small carbon brick, so that the two carbon bricks are well connected, the thermal resistance is effectively reduced, the heat of a hot surface is conveniently and timely transferred out, and the damage effect of thermal stress and displacement on the middle part of the carbon brick is eliminated; the ceramic lining casting material is used for replacing the traditional ceramic cup, so that the gap between the ceramic cup and the carbon brick is reduced, seamless connection is realized, heat is led out to form a hot-surface iron slag protective layer, and the service life of the hearth is prolonged.

Description

Blast furnace hearth structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a blast furnace technical field especially relates to a blast furnace hearth structure.

Background

The blast furnace hearth is a structural region of the blast furnace, and a blast furnace body is divided into from top to bottom: furnace throat, furnace shaft, furnace waist, furnace belly, 5 parts of furnace hearth. The blast furnace hearth generally refers to a furnace body from the center line of a first exhaust port to the bottom of the furnace, and the volume of the furnace body determines the capacity of the blast furnace. In the blast furnace smelting process, molten iron flows into the forehearth through the hearth and the gap bridge. The blast furnace adopts a steel plate as a furnace shell, and a fireproof lining is built in the furnace shell. After the copper cooling wall is adopted, the weak links of the long service life of the blast furnace are transferred to the hearth part from the middle lower part of the furnace body, the furnace waist and the furnace belly. Therefore, the increase of the service life of the hearth becomes the key work of the long-service-life work of the blast furnace.

At present, the construction of a blast furnace hearth mainly adopts a structural form of pouring large carbon bricks, small carbon bricks and ceramic cups, but gaps and displacement are easy to occur on the joint surfaces of the large carbon bricks and the small carbon bricks, so that heat of a working surface is not transferred, the most important function of the carbon bricks is to form a hot surface protective layer by utilizing the heat conduction capability of the carbon bricks, and therefore, the problem of how to reasonably transfer heat needs to be solved by adopting a composite construction structure of the large carbon bricks and the small carbon bricks. Because the blast furnace hearth is under the action of thermal stress, the carbon bricks can generate slight displacement and internal thermal stress change, and the problem of reducing the influence of the thermal stress is solved.

The invention discloses a long-life blast furnace bottom and hearth refractory structure and a maintenance method, wherein the side wall of a hearth is manufactured by combining composite brown corundum brick masonry with sol castable pouring, the masonry composite brown corundum bricks are compositely built by 2-3 brick types according to the field condition, the composite brown corundum bricks are built from a ceramic pad to the lower edge of a tuyere, then the sol castable is poured by taking the masonry composite brown corundum as a mold, and the lower edge of the tuyere is directly poured by using the sol castable. However, the patent does not relate to a composite masonry structure using "large carbon bricks + small carbon bricks".

The utility model with the publication number of CN202509095U discloses an "improved lining structure of a furnace hearth of an iron-making blast furnace", a castable or ramming material layer is filled between a ceramic cup wall masonry body built by ceramic refractory bricks of which four edges of a cold surface are butted into a trapezoid or dovetail tenon shape and a carbon product masonry body, thereby blocking the structural defect of a direct brick joint between the cold and hot surfaces of the ceramic cup wall of the furnace steel lining, and integrating the ramming material or the castable between the carbon brick and the ceramic cup wall into a whole to form a seamless sealing layer. However, the patent does not relate to a composite masonry structure using "large carbon bricks + small carbon bricks".

The utility model discloses a blast furnace hearth with a safety wall, which comprises a furnace shell, a carbon brick layer, a safety wall and a cooling water tank, wherein the safety wall is made of high heat conduction castable or small carbon bricks; when the safety wall is made of small carbon bricks, a carbon pounding material layer or a carbon slurry layer is also arranged between the carbon brick layer and the safety wall. Although its safety wall can adopt the fritter carbon brick, but is not the compound masonry structure of "bold carbon brick + fritter carbon brick" in the conventional meaning, in addition, it adopts many the cooling water basin set up in order to be used for circulation cooling water to cool down the stove outer covering on the outer wall of the stove outer covering of hearth, replace conventional stave, consequently its structure with blast furnace hearth structure is different.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a blast furnace hearth structure, aiming at the composite masonry structure of 'big carbon bricks + small carbon bricks', a pouring material interlayer is arranged between the big carbon bricks and the small carbon bricks, so that good connection is formed between the two carbon bricks, the thermal resistance is effectively reduced, the heat of a hot surface is favorably and timely transmitted, and the destructive effect of thermal stress and displacement on the middle parts of the carbon bricks is simultaneously eliminated; the ceramic lining castable is used for replacing the traditional ceramic cup, so that the gap between the ceramic cup and the carbon brick is reduced, seamless connection is realized, heat is led out to form a hot-surface slag iron protective layer, and the service life of the hearth is prolonged.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a blast furnace hearth structure comprises a cooling wall, a small carbon brick layer, a pouring material interlayer, a large carbon brick layer and a ceramic pouring material layer which are sequentially arranged from a cold surface to a hot surface.

The small carbon brick layer is built by a wet method, and a gap between the small carbon brick layer and the cooling wall is filled with a carbon ramming material.

And the large carbon brick layer is built by adopting a dry method.

The thickness of the castable interlayer is 150-200 mm, and the castable is cast by high-thermal-conductivity carbon castable in sections along the height direction.

The thickness of the ceramic castable layer is as follows: the thickness of the non-taphole area is 400-500 mm, and the thickness of the taphole area is 600-700 mm; the ceramic casting material layer in the iron notch area transversely extends to 2-3 air notches on two sides of the iron notch, and the ceramic casting material layer in the iron notch area is in smooth transition with the ceramic casting material layer in the non-iron notch area.

The ceramic castable layer is cast by corundum ceramic castable.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

aiming at the composite masonry structure of the large carbon bricks and the small carbon bricks, the castable interlayer is arranged between the large carbon bricks and the small carbon bricks, so that the two carbon bricks are well connected, the thermal resistance is effectively reduced, the heat of a hot surface is favorably transferred out in time, and the destructive effect of stress and displacement on the middle parts of the carbon bricks is eliminated; the ceramic lining castable is used for replacing the traditional ceramic cup, so that the gap between the ceramic cup and the carbon brick is reduced, seamless connection is realized, heat is led out to form a hot-surface slag iron protective layer, and the service life of the hearth is prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a blast furnace hearth structure according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a cooling wall 2, a small carbon brick layer 3, a pouring material interlayer 4, a large carbon brick layer 5, a ceramic pouring material layer

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in figure 1, the blast furnace hearth structure comprises a cooling wall 1, a small carbon brick layer 2, a pouring material interlayer 3, a large carbon brick layer 4 and a ceramic pouring material layer 5 which are sequentially arranged from a cold surface to a hot surface.

The small carbon brick layer 2 is built by a wet method, and a gap between the small carbon brick layer 2 and the cooling wall 1 is filled with a carbon ramming material.

The large carbon brick layer 4 is built by a dry method.

The thickness of the casting material interlayer 3 is 150-200 mm, and the high-heat-conductivity carbon casting material is cast in sections along the height direction.

The thickness of the ceramic castable layer 5 is as follows: the thickness of the non-taphole area is 400-500 mm, and the thickness of the taphole area is 600-700 mm; the ceramic casting material layer 5 in the iron notch area transversely extends to 2-3 air notches on two sides of the iron notch, and the ceramic casting material layer in the iron notch area is in smooth transition with the ceramic casting material layer in the non-iron notch area.

The ceramic castable layer 5 is formed by pouring corundum ceramic castable.

A blast furnace hearth structure improves on the basis of current "bold carbon brick + fritter carbon brick" composite masonry structure, and the purpose is solved the blast furnace hearth and adopts "bold carbon brick + fritter carbon brick" composite masonry back, and gap and displacement appear easily in the face of linking up of two kinds of type carbon bricks, lead to the working face heat transfer not to go out, the unable problem that forms the hot face protective layer fast. Meanwhile, the problem that the carbon bricks slightly displace and cause the damage of internal tissues under the action of the thermal stress of the blast furnace hearth is solved.

The following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[ examples ] A method for producing a compound

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the blast furnace hearth construction process is as follows:

(1) The cold surface (the side close to the cooling wall 1) is built by adopting a small carbon brick wet method, the selection of the small carbon brick is executed according to the prior design manual, and in the embodiment, the size of the small carbon brick is 300mm multiplied by 150mm multiplied by 75mm (length multiplied by width multiplied by thickness); during the masonry, the mud at the brick joints is ensured to be full, and the brick joints close to the pouring material interlayer 3 can be left untreated; the gaps between the small carbon bricks and the cooling wall 1 are filled with carbon ramming mass (the specific requirements of the construction of the part refer to a general design manual of the blast furnace);

(2) The hot surface (working surface) is built (dry-built) by adopting large carbon bricks along a ring, the specification of the large carbon bricks is 800mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 150mm (length multiplied by width multiplied by thickness) (adjusted according to the specific size of different blast furnaces), and a gap of 150mm is reserved between the large carbon brick layer 4 and the small carbon brick layer 2 for pouring the castable interlayer 3;

(3) After the large carbon brick layer 4 and the small carbon brick layer 2 are built, the castable interlayer 3 can be poured; the castable interlayer 3 is designed to have equal thickness, and high-heat-conductivity carbon castable is adopted (the concrete material is referred to the castable standard for blast furnaces). And the pouring is performed along the high-direction subsection, and the pouring effect is prevented from being influenced by the overhigh pouring section. In the embodiment, the height of the large carbon bricks is taken as a reference, and the large carbon bricks are poured for 1 time when 2 layers of the large carbon bricks are built; after pouring, the upper surface of the large carbon brick is cleaned in time, and gaps are prevented from appearing during subsequent masonry.

(4) After the pouring material interlayer 3 is solidified, pouring of an internal working surface (namely a hot surface directly contacting with the slag iron) can be carried out, so that carbon brick displacement is prevented; in this embodiment, adopt corundum ceramic pouring material to carry out pouring of working face, pour thickness: the thickness of the non-taphole area is 450mm, the thickness of the taphole area is 650mm, the taphole area transversely extends to 2 tuyeres on two sides of the taphole during pouring, and the joint of the taphole area (thick pouring area) and the castable of the non-taphole area is in smooth transition and cannot have edges and corners.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A blast furnace hearth structure is characterized by comprising a cooling wall, a small carbon brick layer, a castable interlayer, a large carbon brick layer and a ceramic castable layer which are sequentially arranged from a cold surface to a hot surface.

2. The blast furnace hearth structure according to claim 1, wherein said carbon brick bed is constructed by a wet method, and a gap between the carbon brick bed and the stave is filled with a carbon ramming material.

3. The blast furnace hearth structure according to claim 1, wherein said layer of bulk carbon bricks is laid by a dry method.

4. The blast furnace hearth structure according to claim 1, wherein the castable interlayer has a thickness of 150-200 mm and is cast in sections in a high direction by using a high thermal conductivity carbon castable.

5. The blast furnace hearth structure according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of said ceramic castable layer is: the thickness of the non-taphole area is 400-500 mm, and the thickness of the taphole area is 600-700 mm; the ceramic casting material layer in the iron notch area transversely extends to 2-3 air ports on two sides of the iron notch, and the ceramic casting material layer in the iron notch area is in smooth transition with the ceramic casting material layer in the non-iron notch area.

6. The blast furnace hearth structure according to claim 1 or 5, wherein said ceramic castable layer is cast from a corundum ceramic castable.

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