CN218269081U

CN218269081U - Garbage cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system

Info

Publication number: CN218269081U
Application number: CN202123125333.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭娜; 陈庆平; 陈鹏辉; 曹淑芬; 张宁科
Original assignee: Xingjunding Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xingjunding Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-13
Filing date: 2021-12-13
Publication date: 2023-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-13

Abstract

The utility model provides a garbage cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system belongs to refuse treatment technical field. The system comprises a cracking incinerator, a water cooling device and a cyclone spray tower, wherein the cracking incinerator comprises a furnace body, the top of the furnace body is provided with a smoke exhaust port, a furnace core is arranged in the furnace body, a furnace bridge is erected at the bottom of the furnace core, an ash blocking plate is arranged on the furnace bridge, an ash storage chamber is arranged below the furnace bridge, one side of the ash storage chamber is provided with an ash outlet, a gas pipe gas outlet is arranged below the ash blocking plate, the side surface of the furnace body is provided with a feed inlet, the inner wall of the furnace body is provided with a plurality of gas distribution pipes, a gas distribution layer is arranged in the side wall of the furnace body and is communicated with the gas distribution layer, and the gas distribution layer is externally connected with a fan; the water cooling device is connected with the smoke outlet and is internally filled with circulated cooling water; the spraying device and the rotational flow device are arranged in the rotational flow spraying tower. The utility model discloses the system passes through the gas combustion-supporting, can handle the rubbish that the moisture content is high, and forms the negative pressure through the distribution, can the continuous feed go out the ash to carry out SOx/NOx control to the flue gas and handle.

Description

Garbage cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the refuse treatment technique and specifically relates to a rubbish schizolysis is incinerated and flue gas processing system is related to.

Background

The main method of the prior garbage disposal is through incineration or landfill treatment, but no matter the incineration or the landfill can cause certain influence on the environment, the landfill can cause huge pollution to water sources and soil and occupy a large amount of land, and the incineration technology is limited by domestic garbage components, inevitably generates dioxin pollution, and can not really achieve the purpose of converting the garbage into green energy. At present, the garbage pyrolysis gasification technology is relatively suitable for the national conditions of China, and the garbage pyrolysis gasification refers to the process of generating micromolecular gas, tar and residues by breaking macromolecules of organic components in garbage under the condition of no oxygen or oxygen deficiency. The garbage pyrolysis gasification technology not only realizes harmless, reduction and recycling of garbage, but also can generate more energy and discharge less toxic and harmful substances compared with the cracking gasification technology in which a certain amount of garbage is incinerated, and can effectively overcome the problem of dioxin pollution generated by garbage incineration.

However, the existing garbage cracking gasification treatment technology has high requirements on the moisture content of garbage, the garbage with high moisture content cannot be directly treated, the combustion of the garbage with high moisture content is insufficient, the mixed combustible gas containing CO, H2 and the like produced after the thermal decomposition of the mixed combustible gas can contain toxic and harmful high molecular organic substances (including dioxin substances) after the combustion in a stove, the effective oxidative decomposition cannot be realized, the air pollution can be caused by the direct emission of the mixed combustible gas, therefore, the garbage with high moisture content must be dehydrated and dried firstly, the garbage can be treated after reaching the moisture content requirement, otherwise, the treatment step and the treatment time can be increased, the existing garbage cracking equipment is lack of a smoke treatment device, and the toxic and harmful components cannot be purified.

In view of the above-mentioned reason, this application proposes a rubbish schizolysis incineration and flue gas processing system, can with the rubbish schizolysis that the moisture content is high and fully burn to fully purify harmful flue gas.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a rubbish schizolysis is incinerated and flue gas treatment system, this system can fully burn the rubbish that the moisture content is high, makes its schizolysis incinerate, and can discharge after carrying out purification treatment to poisonous and harmful gas in the flue gas that produces.

The utility model provides a garbage cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system, include:

the pyrolysis incinerator comprises a furnace body, the top of the furnace body is provided with a smoke exhaust port, a hollow furnace core is arranged in the furnace body, the bottom of the furnace core is provided with a plurality of furnace bridges which are uniformly arranged at intervals, ash blocking plates are arranged on the surfaces of the furnace bridges, an ash storage chamber is arranged below the furnace bridges, one side of the ash storage chamber is provided with an ash outlet, a gas pipe penetrates through the furnace body and extends to the position below the furnace bridges, the gas outlet of the gas pipe is positioned below the ash blocking plates, a feed inlet communicated with the furnace core is formed in the side surface of the furnace body, a plurality of gas distribution pipes are arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body and are obliquely arranged towards the top of the furnace body, a hollow gas distribution layer is arranged in the side wall of the furnace body and communicated with the gas distribution layer, and the gas distribution layer is externally connected with a fan;

the water cooling device is connected with the smoke outlet and is internally filled with circulated cooling water;

the cyclone spray tower is characterized in that a flue gas inlet is formed in one side of the bottom of the cyclone spray tower, the flue gas inlet is communicated with the water cooling device, a spray device and a cyclone device are arranged in the cyclone spray tower, and a flue gas outlet is formed in the top of the cyclone spray tower.

Preferably, the stove core is cylindrical, the gas distribution pipes and the connection holes in the inner wall of the stove body are located below the feed port, the centers of the connection holes are uniformly distributed on the same circumference, and the gas distribution pipes are communicated with the gas distribution layer through the connection holes.

Preferably, the included angle between the axis of each gas distribution pipe and the inner wall of the furnace body is 15-75 degrees.

Preferably, the diameter of the air distribution pipe is 6 mm-16 mm, and the distance between the adjacent air distribution pipes is 50 mm-150 mm.

Preferably, the outer surface of the furnace body is cylindrical or rectangular column-shaped, the inner wall of the furnace body is made of high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, a heat-insulating layer is arranged between the outer wall of the furnace body and the gas distribution layer, a furnace foot is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and the height of the furnace foot is adjustable.

Preferably, the top of kitchen core is equipped with the gas distribution dish, the gas distribution dish is discoid, the center of gas distribution dish is located on the axis of kitchen core, just the gas distribution dish surface with the axis of kitchen core is mutually perpendicular, the diameter of gas distribution dish equals half of the diameter of kitchen core, the bottom of gas distribution dish with the feed inlet is close to the last edge of kitchen core one end flushes mutually.

Preferably, the longitudinal section of the feeding hole is rectangular, the area of the longitudinal section of the feeding hole is gradually increased from one side of the inner wall of the furnace body to one side of the outer wall of the furnace body, and a feeding table is arranged below the feeding hole.

Preferably, the top of the furnace body is provided with a circular opening, and a water boiler is erected on the circular opening.

Preferably, the water cooling device comprises three stages of cooling water tanks connected in sequence, a heat absorption return pipe is arranged in the cooling water tank, and the heat absorption return pipe is internally circulated with circulatable cooling water.

Preferably, the bottom of whirl spray column is equipped with circulation tank, the splendid attire has lime thick liquid in the circulation tank, circulation tank pass through circulating water pump with spray set is linked together, spray set includes the multiunit shower head, swirl set is a whirl section of thick bamboo, the shower head is located the top of a whirl section of thick bamboo, the top of shower head still is equipped with the active carbon adsorption layer.

The technical scheme of the utility model through set up the gas pipe in the below of grate, can let in the gas and carry out supplementary burning, the problem that high moisture content rubbish can not direct processing has been solved, be equipped with distribution gas layer and a plurality of distribution pipe on the furnace body, distribute through external fan, the distribution is even, make rubbish can fully schizolysis incineration, after carrying out pyrolysis to rubbish, make rubbish organic component contain CO through pyrolysis, H2, the combustible gas of CH4 etc. carries out abundant burning, thereby avoid or reduce harmful gas such as dioxin and produce, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, and easy and simple to handle, can carry out direct processing to rubbish that the moisture content is high, and this system still is equipped with water cooling plant and whirl spray tower, cool off the back to the flue gas that burns the production, let in the spray tower, discharge again after carrying out SOx/NOx control treatment, safety ring protects more.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the system of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the inner structure of the pyrolysis incinerator of the system of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the pyrolysis incinerator (after removing the water boiler) in the system of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

101: a pyrolysis incinerator; 102: a water cooling device; 103: a cyclone spray tower; 2: a furnace body; 3: a stove core; 4: a smoke exhaust port; 5: a furnace bridge; 6: a dust baffle; 7: a dust storage chamber; 8: an ash outlet; 9: a gas pipe; 10: a gas valve; 11: a feed inlet; 12: a feeding table; 13: a gas distribution pipe; 14: an air inlet; 15: a gas distribution layer; 16: a fan; 17: a gas distribution disc; 18: a furnace foot; 19: a water boiler; 20: a cooling water tank; 21: a heat absorption return pipe; 22: a flue gas inlet; 23: a dust hood; 24: a spraying device; 25: a swirling device; 26: a circulating water tank; 27: a water circulating pump; 28: an activated carbon adsorption layer; 29: and a flue gas outlet.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as a specific case by those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the utility model provides a garbage cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system, which comprises: the garbage incinerator comprises a cracking incinerator 101, a water cooling device 102 and a cyclone spray tower 103 which are connected in sequence, wherein the cracking incinerator 101 is used for decomposing organic components of garbage into combustible gas containing CO, H2, CH4 and the like through high temperature and then burning the generated combustible gas, the water cooling device 102 is used for cooling high-temperature flue gas generated in the garbage cracking and incineration process, and the cyclone spray tower 103 is used for discharging sulfur-containing gas generated in the garbage burning process after desulfurization treatment.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the pyrolysis incinerator 101 comprises a furnace body 2, the appearance of the furnace body 2 is cylindrical or rectangular column, in this embodiment, rectangular column is selected for use, a hollow stove core 3 is arranged in the furnace body 2, the stove core 3 is cylindrical, the inner wall of the furnace body 2 is made of high temperature and corrosion resistant materials, the garbage pyrolysis incineration is performed in the stove core 3, a smoke exhaust port 4 is arranged on one side of the top of the inner wall of the furnace body 2, a plurality of bridges 5 which are uniformly arranged at intervals are erected on the positions, close to the bottom, of the stove core 3, two ends of the bridges 5 are erected on the inner wall of the furnace body 2, an ash baffle 6 is arranged on the surface of each bridge 5, an ash storage chamber 7 is arranged below the corresponding bridge 5, an ash outlet 8 is arranged on one side of the ash storage chamber 7, and the ash outlet 8 can be opened and closed relative to the ash storage chamber 7.

In this embodiment, the furnace bridges 5 are long and flaky and made of high temperature and corrosion resistant metal, and the distance between adjacent furnace bridges 5 is 10mm to 100mm. The ash blocking plate 6 is a high-temperature-resistant metal wafer, the ash blocking plate 6 is placed in the middle of the furnace bridge 5, and the diameter of the ash blocking plate 6 is about 100mm. The below of ash baffle 6 is equipped with gas pipe 9, and the export of gas pipe 9 is located ash baffle 6 and under the grate 5, and gas pipe 9 passes 2 lateral wall bottoms of furnace body, is connected with outside air supply, and the 2 outside one end that lie in of furnace body of gas pipe 9 is equipped with gas valve 10, through the leading in of the steerable gas of gas valve 10. The gas is introduced through the gas pipe 9 to assist combustion, so that the problem that the garbage with high water content cannot be directly treated can be solved, the garbage with high water content can be fully combusted, and harmful gases such as dioxin are avoided or reduced.

Feed inlet 11 has been seted up to middle part one side of furnace body 2, and feed inlet 11 is linked together with kitchen core 3, and the vertical section of feed inlet 11 is the rectangle, and the area of vertical section is by inner wall one side of furnace body 2 to outer wall one side grow gradually, conveniently drops into the rubbish of treating burning in the kitchen core 3, and the below of feed inlet 11 is equipped with feed table 12, and feed table 12 is used for placing the rubbish of treating burning.

The inner wall of the furnace body 2 is provided with a plurality of gas distribution pipes 13, the gas distribution pipes 13 are made of high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal and are integrally cast and connected with the inner wall of the furnace body 2, the gas distribution pipes 13 are arranged in an upward inclined manner, and the included angle between the axis of the gas distribution pipes 13 and the inner wall of the furnace body 2 is 15-75 degrees. The air distribution pipe 13 is provided with air inlet holes 14 at the connection hole with the inner wall of the furnace body 2, the air inlet holes 14 are positioned below the feed inlet 11, and the centers of the air inlet holes are uniformly distributed on the same circumference. The distance between the adjacent air inlet holes 14 and the distance between the adjacent air distribution pipes 13 are 50 mm-150 mm, and the diameter of the air distribution pipe 13 is 6 mm-16 mm. The side wall of the furnace body 2 is internally provided with a hollow air distribution layer 15, the air distribution layer 15 surrounds the outer side of the inner wall of the furnace body 2, the air distribution pipe 13 is communicated with the air distribution layer 15 through an air inlet 14, the air distribution layer 15 is externally connected with an air outlet of a fan 16, air can be introduced into the air distribution layer 15 through the fan 16, and the air is distributed into the stove core 3 through the air inlet 14 and the air distribution pipe 13.

The gas distribution disc 17 is arranged above the stove core 3, the gas distribution disc 17 is disc-shaped, the center of the gas distribution disc 17 is positioned on the central axis of the stove core 3, the surface of the gas distribution disc 17 is perpendicular to the central axis of the stove core 3, the diameter of the gas distribution disc 17 is equal to half of the diameter of the stove core 3, and the bottom of the gas distribution disc 17 is flush with the upper edge of the inner side of the feed inlet 11. The gas distribution pipe 13 is obliquely and upwards arranged, the introduced air can be gathered below the gas distribution disc, high-temperature flue gas generated in the waste incineration process is upwards discharged, is blocked by the gas distribution disc 17 and upwards discharged along two sides of the gas distribution disc 17, at the moment, weak vacuum is formed in the stove core 3, negative pressure is formed at the feed inlet 11 and the ash outlet 8, and continuous feeding and continuous ash discharge can be realized.

In this embodiment, a heat insulation layer is further disposed between the outer wall of the furnace body 2 and the gas distribution layer 15, a furnace foot 18 is disposed at the bottom of the furnace body 2, and the height of the furnace foot 18 is adjustable, so that the furnace body 2 is leveled. The top of the furnace body 2 is provided with a round opening, and a water boiler 19 is arranged on the round opening. The water boiler 19 may be used for cooling after the pyrolysis incinerator 101 is used, and when the maintenance is required, the water boiler 19 may be taken down for maintenance.

The water cooling device 102 comprises three stages of cooling water tanks 20 which are sequentially connected, the inlet of each cooling water tank 20 is connected with the smoke outlet 4, smoke generated by garbage cracking incineration can enter the cooling water tanks 20 along the smoke outlet 4, heat absorption return pipes 21 are arranged in the cooling water tanks 20, and cooling water capable of circulating flows through the heat absorption return pipes 21.

A flue gas inlet 22 is formed in one side of the bottom of the rotational flow spray tower 103, the flue gas inlet 22 is communicated with an outlet of the cooling water tank 20 through a pipeline, a dust hood 23 is arranged at an outlet of the cooling water tank 20, a spray device 24 and a rotational flow device 25 are arranged in the rotational flow spray tower 103, the spray device 24 comprises a plurality of groups of spray heads, the spray heads are located above the rotational flow device 25, and the rotational flow device 25 is a rotational flow cylinder. The bottom of the rotational flow spray tower 103 is provided with a circulating water tank 26, lime slurry is contained in the circulating water tank 26, the circulating water tank 26 is communicated with the spray device 24 through a circulating water pump 27, an active carbon adsorption layer 28 is further arranged above the spray device 24, the top of the spray rotational flow tower 103 is provided with a flue gas outlet 29, and the flue gas outlet 29 is provided with an exhaust fan for auxiliary exhaust.

The use steps of the system are as follows:

1. before garbage disposal, the connection and the function of each component should be checked, whether the sealing condition is intact or not is checked, and the phenomenon of air leakage cannot occur; preparing an operation tool; preparing combustion-supporting ignition materials, preparing dry and wet garbage,

2. the garbage added into the cracking incinerator 101 can be placed into the incinerator, the garbage is not too large and too large so as to avoid the phenomenon of overhead in the incinerator, large or overlong garbage materials are crushed firstly and then added into the negative pressure cracking incinerator, and the garbage with extremely high water content is preferably placed for a period of time for treatment;

3. putting easily ignitable garbage into the stove core 3, starting the fan 16 after the gas combustion-supporting ignition, and repeatedly putting garbage;

4. the organic components of the garbage are decomposed into combustible gas containing CO, H2, CH4 and the like at high temperature, the generated combustible gas is combusted, and negative pressure is generated at the feed inlet 11 and the ash outlet 8 under the action of air entering from the gas distribution pipe 13, the gas distribution plate 17 and high-temperature flue gas;

5. after being cooled by the three-stage cooling water tank 20, flue gas generated by combustion passes through the cyclone spray tower 101 and is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification under the action of cyclone lime slurry.

The utility model discloses the rubbish requirement is handled to the system: the dry and wet are mixed for use, and the comprehensive water content is not higher than 40%; the comprehensive heat value of the garbage is W, wherein W is less than 5000KCal/kg when the KCal/kg is 2000; the high-heat value components in the garbage, such as plastic components, should be mixed with other low-heat value components for use, and the inorganic components in the garbage, such as metal, masonry, dust, etc., should be removed as much as possible.

The utility model discloses the system passes through institutional advancement, has solved the difficult problem that high moisture content rubbish can not the direct processing, makes pyrolysis incinerator 101 can handle rubbish such as forest and agricultural wood discarded object, domestic waste, industry solid useless, mud shaping material and partial dangerous discarded object, and supporting whirl spray column 103 carries out purification treatment to tail gas, has better environmental protection effect.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a garbage cracking incineration and flue gas processing system which characterized in that includes:

the pyrolysis incinerator comprises a furnace body, the top of the furnace body is provided with a smoke exhaust port, a hollow furnace core is arranged in the furnace body, the bottom of the furnace core is provided with a plurality of uniformly spaced furnace bridges, ash blocking plates are arranged on the surfaces of the furnace bridges, an ash storage chamber is arranged below the furnace bridges, one side of the ash storage chamber is provided with an ash outlet, a gas pipe penetrates through the furnace body and extends to the lower part of the furnace bridges, an air outlet of the gas pipe is positioned below the ash blocking plates, a feed inlet communicated with the furnace core is formed in the side surface of the furnace body, a plurality of gas distribution pipes are arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body, a hollow gas distribution layer is arranged in the side wall of the furnace body and communicated with the gas distribution layer, and the gas distribution layer is externally connected with a fan;

2. The refuse cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the core is cylindrical, the connection holes of the distribution pipes and the inner wall of the furnace body are located below the feeding port, the centers of the connection holes are uniformly distributed on the same circumference, and the distribution pipes are communicated with the distribution layer through the connection holes.

3. The garbage cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the gas distribution pipe is obliquely arranged towards the top of the furnace body, and an included angle between an axis of the gas distribution pipe and the inner wall of the furnace body is 15-75 °.

4. The garbage cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the gas distribution pipes is 6mm to 16mm, and the distance between adjacent gas distribution pipes is 50mm to 150mm.

5. The refuse cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the furnace body is cylindrical or rectangular column-shaped, the inner wall of the furnace body is made of high temperature and corrosion resistant materials, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the outer wall of the furnace body and the gas distribution layer, furnace feet are arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and the height of the furnace feet is adjustable.

6. The refuse cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system according to claim 2, wherein a gas distribution plate is disposed above the core, the gas distribution plate is disc-shaped, the center of the gas distribution plate is located on the central axis of the core, the surface of the gas distribution plate is perpendicular to the central axis of the core, the diameter of the gas distribution plate is equal to half of the diameter of the core, and the bottom of the gas distribution plate is flush with the upper edge of the feed port near one end of the core.

7. The garbage cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal section of the feeding port is rectangular, the area of the longitudinal section of the feeding port gradually increases from the inner wall side to the outer wall side of the furnace body, and a feeding table is arranged below the feeding port.

8. The garbage cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the top of the furnace body is provided with a circular opening, and a water boiler is arranged on the circular opening.

9. The garbage cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the water cooling device comprises three stages of cooling water tanks connected in sequence, and a heat absorption return pipe is arranged in the cooling water tank, and the heat absorption return pipe is internally circulated with circulated cooling water.

10. The garbage cracking incineration and flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a circulating water tank is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone spray tower, lime slurry is contained in the circulating water tank, the circulating water tank is communicated with the spray device through a circulating water pump, the spray device comprises a plurality of groups of spray heads, the cyclone device is a cyclone cylinder, the spray heads are positioned above the cyclone cylinder, and an active carbon adsorption layer is further arranged above the spray heads.