CN218241324U - Heating device for high-temperature gas cooled reactor control rod and absorption ball driving mechanism - Google Patents
Heating device for high-temperature gas cooled reactor control rod and absorption ball driving mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN218241324U CN218241324U CN202222214003.8U CN202222214003U CN218241324U CN 218241324 U CN218241324 U CN 218241324U CN 202222214003 U CN202222214003 U CN 202222214003U CN 218241324 U CN218241324 U CN 218241324U
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The utility model provides a high temperature gas cooled piles control rod, absorption ball actuating mechanism's heating device belongs to nuclear power technical field. The utility model discloses a heating device includes: at least one electric heater disposed in the reactor pressure vessel headspace; at least one temperature sensor disposed in a heating region of the electric heater; and the temperature control part is arranged outside the reactor pressure vessel, is electrically connected with the temperature sensor and the electric heater through cables respectively, and controls the electric heater according to a temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor so that the control rod and the absorption ball driving mechanism reach a preset temperature. Through setting up holistic heating device, make it and reactor pressure vessel headspace phase-match, save reactor pressure vessel headspace to through setting up at least one electric heater, can realize heating the dehumidification to control rod, the absorption ball actuating mechanism at reactor pressure vessel top.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the nuclear power, concretely relates to high temperature gas cooled piles heating device of control rod, absorption ball actuating mechanism.
Background
The high temperature gas cooled reactor is further developed by improved gas cooled reactor AGR, helium with good chemical inertia and thermal performance is used as a coolant, spherical fuel made of all-ceramic wrapped fuel particles with excellent performance of binding radioactive fission products is used as a fuel element, and high temperature resistant graphite is used as a moderator and a reactor core structural material, so that the temperature of the helium at the outlet of the reactor core can reach more than 750 ℃ and even reach 950 ℃.
The high temperature gas cooled reactor is the highest running temperature reactor type in various nuclear reactors, and can be used as a nuclear heat source for high-efficiency power generation and high-temperature heat supply. The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor can also be widely applied to thickened oil thermal recovery, petrochemical industry, coal gasification and liquefaction and other industrial departments which need to consume a large amount of high-temperature process heat through combined heat and power supply, and is the only reactor type of the nuclear reactor which can provide the high-temperature process heat at present. The modular high-temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power plant has the characteristics of inherent safety, high power generation efficiency, wide application and the like, receives wide attention internationally, and is a novel nuclear reactor type with the main characteristics of a fourth-generation nuclear energy system.
The control rod system and the absorption ball system are high temperature gas cooled reactor reactivity control and shutdown systems. The control rod system consists of 24 sets of driving mechanisms and control rods, and the absorption ball system consists of 6 sets of driving mechanisms, a ball storage tank, a feeder and absorption balls. When the reactor normally operates, the control rod system driving mechanism drives the control rods to move in the reactor core, so that the reactivity and power control of the reactor are realized. When the reactor needs to enter a normal shutdown mode from a power operation mode, all control rods are inserted into the pore channels through the control rod driving mechanism, so that shutdown is realized; when the reactor needs to enter a cold shutdown mode from a normal shutdown mode, the absorption balls in the ball storage tank fall into the pore channel through the absorption ball driving mechanism, and cold shutdown is realized.
Generally, the height of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel is about 25 meters, and a control rod and absorption ball system driving mechanism is arranged at the top of the reactor pressure vessel and is connected with a reactor pressure vessel control rod and an absorption ball nozzle. The shell of the driving mechanism and the reactor pressure container form a loop pressure boundary, the inside of the driving mechanism is communicated with a loop of the reactor through a hole and a matching gap, and the inside atmosphere is consistent with the atmosphere of the loop.
The reactor internals of the high temperature gas cooled reactor adopt carbon materials and graphite materials, and can absorb a large amount of moisture in the transportation and installation processes, and in addition, before the reactor is firstly operated, a large amount of graphite spheres are pre-installed in a reactor core for controlling reactivity, and a certain amount of moisture can be absorbed. If the reactor is not treated, water and carbon can generate chemical reaction to generate water gas along with the rise of the temperature in the reactor when the reactor is operated, and the safe operation of the reactor is seriously influenced.
Therefore, in the reactor test operation stage, the primary reactor internals need to be heated and dehumidified under the helium atmosphere. And because control rod, absorption ball actuating mechanism install in pressure vessel top, are in the cold junction and the end of a return circuit, at the reactor return circuit primary heating dehumidification in-process, a large amount of moisture is appeared from reactor internals and graphite nodule, after moisture reaches certain concentration in the return circuit atmosphere, will condense in control, absorption ball actuating mechanism inside. Once water vapor condenses, the equipment insulation is affected by the electric instruments such as a stepping motor, a limiting device, a travel switch, a rotary transformer and the like in the driving mechanism; a bearing of a transmission part in the driving mechanism is subjected to high-temperature-resistant and irradiation-resistant solid lubrication, and a solid lubrication coating can be damaged due to water vapor condensation, so that a rotating part is jammed; the casting exists in the driving mechanism, and the corrosion of the casting is accelerated due to the water vapor condensation.
However, because of the end of the loop, the humidity of the driving mechanism is reduced and lags behind that of the other parts of the loop in the heating and dehumidifying process. In order to ensure that the phenomenon of water vapor condensation does not occur in the driving mechanism in the process, the driving mechanism needs to be heated so that the internal temperature of the driving mechanism is higher than the dew point temperature of the area. The control rod and absorption ball system totally 30 sets of driving mechanisms are installed at the top of the reactor pressure vessel, the distance between the driving mechanisms is short, the space at the top of the reactor pressure vessel is provided with a large number of cable bridges besides the control rod and the absorption ball driving mechanisms, the space arrangement is tight, and the single set of driving mechanism cannot be provided with an independent heating device.
Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a heating device for a high temperature gas cooled reactor control rod and an absorption ball driving mechanism.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses aim at solving one of the technical problem that exists among the prior art at least, provide a heating device of high temperature gas cooled reactor control rod, absorption ball actuating mechanism.
The utility model provides a high temperature gas cooled piles heating device of control rod, absorption ball actuating mechanism, include:
at least one electric heater disposed in the reactor pressure vessel headspace;
at least one temperature sensor disposed in a heating region of the electric heater;
and the temperature control part is arranged outside the reactor pressure vessel, is electrically connected with the temperature sensor and the electric heater through cables respectively, and controls the electric heater according to a temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor so that the control rod and the absorption ball driving mechanism reach a preset temperature.
Optionally, the number of the electric heaters is multiple, and the electric heaters are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the top space of the reactor pressure vessel.
Optionally, the heating device further comprises a plurality of fixing pieces, and the fixing pieces correspond to the electric heaters one to one;
the first end of the fixing piece is arranged on the inner wall of the cabin at the top of the reactor pressure vessel, and the electric heater is fixed above the second end close to the fixing piece.
Optionally, the heating device further includes a plurality of supporting members, and the supporting members correspond to the fixing members one to one;
the first end of the supporting piece is arranged on the inner wall of the top cabin of the reactor pressure vessel, and the second end of the supporting piece is fixed at a position close to the first end of the fixing piece.
Optionally, an orthographic projection of the supporting member on the fixing member falls on the fixing member, and the supporting member is disposed to be inclined from the first end to the second end thereof.
Optionally, the inclined angle is in a range of 40 ° to 50 °.
Optionally, the temperature control element comprises a power adjusting module and a storage module; wherein,
and the power adjusting module is used for adjusting the power of the electric heater according to the detected temperature signal and a temperature target value prestored in the storage module.
Optionally, the temperature controller further includes an alarm module, configured to send an alarm signal according to the detected temperature signal and the temperature protection value pre-stored in the storage module.
Optionally, the temperature controller further includes an equipment protection module, configured to cut off the electric heater according to the detected temperature signal and a temperature protection value pre-stored in the storage module.
Optionally, the number of the temperature sensors is plural, and the plural temperature sensors are provided at least one of a head space region of the reactor pressure vessel, a peripheral side of the electric heater, an outer wall of the driving mechanism, and a peripheral side of the cable fixture.
The utility model provides a heating device to high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power station control rod, absorption ball actuating mechanism through setting up holistic heating device, makes its and reactor pressure vessel head space phase-match to save reactor pressure vessel head space. And at least one electric heater is arranged in the space at the top of the reactor pressure vessel, so that heating and dehumidification of a control rod and an absorption ball driving mechanism at the top of the reactor pressure vessel can be realized, and a separate heating device does not need to be arranged on the driving mechanism.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of electric heaters in a reactor pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the fixing of an electric heater on the side wall of a reactor pressure vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fixing manner of an electric heater according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless specifically defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. As used in this application, the terms "comprises" or "comprising" and the like do not specify the presence of stated shapes, numbers, steps, acts, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof, nor preclude the presence or addition of one or more other different shapes, numbers, steps, acts, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number and order of the indicated features.
In some descriptions of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," or "fixed" and the like are not intended to be limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect through an intermediate medium, communication between two elements, or interaction between two elements. Also, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are used only to indicate a relative positional relationship, which may also be changed accordingly when the absolute position of the object being described is changed.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a heating device for a high temperature gas cooled reactor control rod and an absorption ball driving mechanism, comprising: at least one electric heater 110 disposed in a head space of the reactor pressure vessel 210; at least one temperature sensor disposed in a heating region of the electric heater; and the temperature control part is arranged outside the reactor pressure vessel 210, is respectively and electrically connected with the temperature sensor and the electric heater through cables, and controls the electric heater according to a temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor so that the control rod and the absorption ball driving mechanism reach a preset temperature.
This embodiment saves reactor pressure vessel headspace by providing an integral heating device that matches the reactor pressure vessel headspace. And this whole heating device is provided with at least one electric heater at reactor pressure vessel headspace, through arranging electric heater in reactor pressure vessel headspace, can realize heating and dehumidification to the control rod at reactor pressure vessel top, absorption ball actuating mechanism, is equivalent to only set up one set of heating device to realize heating and dehumidification's purpose to control rod and absorption ball system totally 30 sets of actuating mechanism, need not to set up solitary heating device to every actuating mechanism to save space.
The temperature sensors of the present embodiment may be provided only in the heating zones, for example, one temperature sensor may be provided at the electric heater, one temperature sensor may be provided at the driving mechanism, and one temperature sensor may be provided at the head space zone of the reactor pressure vessel, without providing a corresponding temperature sensor for each electric heater and each driving mechanism, to further save space.
It should be noted that, the number of the electric heaters in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and may be specifically set according to actual needs, and when the number of the electric heaters is plural, the plural electric heaters are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the head space of the reactor pressure vessel.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, six electric heaters 110 are arranged in the head space of the reactor pressure vessel 210 along the circumferential direction thereof, and the electric heaters are respectively arranged at the angular positions of 30 °, 120 °, 150 °, 240 °, 300 ° and 330 °, of course, the arrangement orientation of the electric heaters can be properly adjusted according to the actual situation on site, and the electric heaters are arranged as close to symmetry as possible, so as to make the driving mechanism heated uniformly.
It should be further noted that the working parameters of the electric heater are not specifically limited in this embodiment. For example, the power of a single electric heater is 15kW, the rated voltage is 380V, the maximum working temperature range is 150-200 ℃ by adopting a triangular connection method, wherein a heating element meets the requirement of JB/T2379-2015, the electric heating tube is made of austenitic stainless steel, the wall thickness of the electric heating tube is not less than 1.0mm, and high-temperature magnesium oxide powder is filled in the electric heating tube, so that the heating tube has sufficient temperature resistance, heat conduction and insulation performance, and is ensured to be non-conductive and not to break under the working state. Based on the operating parameters of the electric heater, the power of the single-stack heating device of the embodiment is 90kW.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the fixing manner of the electric heater on the top of the reactor pressure vessel is also not specifically limited. For example, it may be secured directly to a side wall or top wall of the roof, or it may be secured to the headspace of the reactor pressure vessel by means of fasteners.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the heating apparatus further includes a plurality of fixing members 120, the fixing members 120 corresponding to the electric heaters 110 one to one; the first end of the fixing member 120 is disposed on the inner wall of the top compartment of the reactor pressure vessel 210, and the electric heater 110 is fixed above the second end close to the fixing member 120. That is to say, the fixed part is equivalent to a cantilever beam, one end of the cantilever beam can be directly welded on a steel inner wall embedded part of a cabin at the top of the reactor pressure vessel, and an electric heater is arranged above the other end of the cantilever beam, so that the electric heater is arranged in the cabin at the top of the reactor pressure vessel in a suspending way.
The material and size of the fixing piece are not particularly limited in this embodiment, for example, the fixing piece is a 16# channel steel, the length of the channel steel is 1.5m, the notch of the channel steel faces downward, and one end of the channel steel is welded on an embedded part of the steel inner wall of the top cabin of the reactor pressure vessel.
In the present embodiment, the fixing manner of the fixing element and the electric heater is not specifically limited, for example, referring to fig. 3, four first mounting holes are opened at the second end position of the fixing element 120, a second mounting hole corresponding to the first mounting hole is provided on the electric heater, and the bolt 140 is inserted into the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole to fix the electric heater 110 on the fixing element 120.
The height of the electric heater can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the fixing piece, and it should be understood that, in order to make the electric heater generate the maximum heating effect, the height of the fixing piece can be reduced as much as possible to reduce the relative height of the electric heater, so that the lower space of the electric heater is sufficiently heated, and the control rod and the absorption ball driving mechanism reach the preset temperature to achieve the purpose of dehumidification.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the heating apparatus further includes a plurality of supporting members 130, wherein the supporting members 130 correspond to the fixing members 120 one to one; the first end of the supporting member 130 is disposed on the inner wall of the top cabin of the reactor pressure vessel 210, and the second end of the supporting member 130 is fixed at a position close to the first end of the fixing member 120, so as to support the fixing member and increase the stability.
As a further preferable scheme, the supporting member is arranged above the fixing member, an orthographic projection of the supporting member on the fixing member is on the fixing member, and the supporting member is arranged obliquely from the first end to the second end thereof. Namely, one end of the supporting piece is welded on the fixing piece, the other end of the supporting piece is welded on a steel inner wall embedded part of a cabin at the top of the reactor pressure vessel, and the fixing piece is pulled from the upper part by the supporting piece to form a stable supporting structure.
In addition, the angular range of the inclined arrangement of the present embodiment is 40 ° to 50 °.
As a further preferred solution, the inclination angle of the present embodiment is set to 45 °, and the length of the support member ranges from 0.3m to 0.8m, so that the support member, the first end region of the fixing member and the steel inner wall of the reactor pressure vessel top compartment form an isosceles triangle, further increasing the stability.
Furthermore, the number of the temperature sensors of the present embodiment is multiple, and multiple temperature sensors may be disposed in the heating area of the electric heater, for example, the top space area of the reactor pressure vessel, the peripheral side of the electric heater, the outer wall of the driving mechanism, and so on, to collect the temperatures at different positions in the reactor pressure vessel, and of course, in addition to the above positions, the temperature signal at the peripheral side of the cable fixing part may be collected to feed back the temperature signal near the cable, so as to improve the safety.
In some preferred embodiments, 10 temperature sensors are provided, respectively arranged at the drive mechanism, the cable tray, the electric heater, etc. The reactor pressure vessel comprises a shell, a control rod driving mechanism, an absorption ball driving mechanism, a reactor pressure vessel top space, a control rod driving mechanism sealing cylinder, an absorption ball driving mechanism, a reactor pressure vessel, an electric heater and a control rod driving mechanism, wherein 2 temperature sensors are arranged near a cable bridge, 2 temperature sensors are arranged on the outer wall of the control rod driving mechanism sealing cylinder, 1 pressure-bearing shell outer wall of the absorption ball driving mechanism, 2 temperature sensors are arranged on the side wall of the reactor pressure vessel top space, 2 temperature sensors are arranged on the top wall of the reactor pressure vessel top space, and 1 temperature sensor is arranged at the electric heater.
It should be noted that the present embodiment does not specifically limit the type of the temperature sensor, for example, a PT100 thermal resistor is adopted and respectively disposed at the heating unit, the driving mechanism, the cable bridge, the concrete wall, and the like, so as to provide the temperature feedback signal for the temperature control component.
Furthermore, the temperature control element of the embodiment comprises a power adjusting module and a storage module; the power adjusting module is used for adjusting the power of the electric heater according to the detected temperature signal and a temperature target value prestored in the storage module.
Illustratively, the target temperature value inside the control rod and the absorption ball driving mechanism is set to be not lower than 55 ℃,10 temperature sensors are used as feedback signals for power regulation, and the output power of the electric heater is adjusted by comparing the temperature signals detected by the temperature sensors with the target temperature value. Certainly, the power regulating module can set the deviation value of the target temperature, and when the temperature of a certain measuring point reaches the target temperature within the deviation allowable range, the temperature control cabinet automatically reduces the power output of the electric heater in the area, so that the temperature is kept, and the heat preservation effect is achieved.
Furthermore, the temperature controller also comprises an alarm module which is used for sending out an alarm signal according to the temperature signal detected by each temperature sensor and the temperature protection value prestored in the storage module. That is to say, when the temperature of a certain point to be measured reaches the temperature protection value, a buzzer alarm is given.
Furthermore, the temperature controller also comprises an equipment protection module which is used for cutting off the electric heater according to the temperature signal detected by each temperature sensor and the temperature protection value prestored in the storage module. That is to say, when the temperature of a certain point to be measured reaches the temperature protection value, the power output of the electric heater is automatically cut off in addition to the buzzer alarm, so as to achieve the effect of protecting equipment.
It should be noted that the temperature control member may be mounted on an external perimeter of the reactor pressure vessel headspace chamber such that the temperature control member is connected to the temperature sensor and the electric heater via cables. Referring to fig. 1, a mechanical cabin penetration member 220 and a leakage pipe penetration member 230 are further disposed on the reactor pressure vessel 210, and a power cable and a control cable are connected to the temperature control member, the electric heater and the temperature sensor through the mechanical cabin penetration member 220.
The temperature controller of this embodiment can adopt a temperature control cabinet, and this temperature control cabinet adopts three-phase four-wire system, and rated voltage is 380V, and single load capacity is 90kVA. The temperature control cabinet has a protection function, and the power of the electric heater is adjusted through the silicon controlled rectifier, so that the purpose of adjusting the heating power is achieved. Of course, the temperature control cabinet is also internally provided with a storage chip, an alarm control circuit and other structures to realize that the temperature control cabinet receives a temperature feedback signal of the temperature measuring thermal resistor, and when a set overtemperature alarm and shutdown temperature value is reached, an overtemperature alarm signal and a shutdown signal are sent out to protect a heating element and simultaneously prevent the overtemperature of equipment, cables and concrete in the top area of the reactor pressure vessel.
The utility model provides a heating device of high temperature gas cooled reactor control rod, absorption ball actuating mechanism has following beneficial effect: the system has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and good heating effect, meets the heating requirements of the control rod and the absorption ball driving mechanism, can effectively improve the overall temperature of the region, and can meet the requirements of narrow space at the top of the reactor pressure vessel and complex space environment.
It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments that have been employed to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and that the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heating device for a high-temperature gas cooled reactor control rod and an absorption ball driving mechanism is characterized by comprising:
at least one electric heater disposed in the reactor pressure vessel headspace;
at least one temperature sensor disposed in a heating region of the electric heater;
and the temperature control part is arranged outside the reactor pressure vessel, is electrically connected with the temperature sensor and the electric heater through cables respectively, and controls the electric heater according to a temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor so that the control rod and the absorption ball driving mechanism reach a preset temperature.
2. The heating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the number of electric heaters is plural, and the plural electric heaters are uniformly distributed circumferentially along the reactor pressure vessel headspace.
3. The heating apparatus as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a plurality of fixing members, the fixing members corresponding to the electric heaters one-to-one;
the first end of the fixing piece is arranged on the inner wall of the cabin at the top of the reactor pressure vessel, and the electric heater is fixed above the second end close to the fixing piece.
4. The heating device of claim 3, further comprising a plurality of support members, the support members corresponding one-to-one with the fixture members;
the first end of the supporting piece is arranged on the inner wall of the top cabin of the reactor pressure vessel, and the second end of the supporting piece is fixed at the position close to the first end of the fixing piece.
5. The heating device of claim 4, wherein an orthographic projection of the support member on the fixing member falls on the fixing member, and the support member is disposed obliquely from a first end to a second end thereof.
6. A heating device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the angle of inclination is in the range 40 ° to 50 °.
7. The heating device of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the temperature control comprises a power conditioning module and a storage module; wherein,
and the power adjusting module is used for adjusting the power of the electric heater according to the detected temperature signal and a temperature target value prestored in the storage module.
8. The heating device of claim 7, wherein the temperature control further comprises an alarm module for issuing an alarm signal based on the detected temperature signal and a temperature protection value pre-stored in the memory module.
9. The heating apparatus of claim 8, wherein the temperature control further comprises a device protection module for switching off the electric heater based on the detected temperature signal and a temperature protection value pre-stored in the storage module.
10. The heating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the number of the temperature sensors is plural, and the plural temperature sensors are provided at least one of a head space region of the reactor pressure vessel, a peripheral side of the electric heater, an outer wall of a driving mechanism, and a peripheral side of a cable fixing member.
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CN202222214003.8U CN218241324U (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2022-08-23 | Heating device for high-temperature gas cooled reactor control rod and absorption ball driving mechanism |
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