CN218235994U

CN218235994U - Speed reducer, power assembly and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN218235994U
Application number: CN202222407850.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈大启; 金孝武; 罗云毅; 王忠浩; 潘炳成
Original assignee: Jinan Byd Automobile Co ltd; BYD Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jinan Byd Automobile Co ltd; BYD Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-07
Filing date: 2022-09-07
Publication date: 2023-01-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-07

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a reduction gear, power assembly and vehicle, this reduction gear includes: the reduction gearbox comprises a reduction gearbox body, wherein a main shaft, an auxiliary shaft and a differential shaft are arranged in the reduction gearbox body, the auxiliary shaft and the differential shaft are respectively provided with an auxiliary shaft gear and a differential gear, and the axis position of the auxiliary shaft is higher than that of the main shaft; the oil guide structure is arranged between the auxiliary shaft and the main shaft, so that when the differential gear operates to stir oil splashes in the oil shell, at least part of the oil splashes onto the oil guide structure and is transferred to the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft through the oil guide structure. The problem that the lubricating structure of some existing speed reducers is difficult to fully lubricate structures at all positions in the speed reducer is solved.

Description

Speed reducer, power assembly and vehicle

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a speed reducer, a power assembly and a vehicle.

Background

At present, in a vehicle speed reducer, a lubricating structure is generally arranged to lubricate structures such as a main shaft, a counter shaft and a differential gear of the speed reducer so as to prevent the subsequent normal use of the speed reducer from being affected by the larger abrasion in use.

In some of the current speed reducers, in order to solve the problems of motor cooling and arrangement of the chassis of the whole vehicle, the arrangement of the structure in the speed reducer is rearranged, for example, a differential is arranged at the head of the vehicle, a main shaft is arranged at the tail of the vehicle, a secondary shaft is arranged at the position between the main shaft and the differential and faces upwards, and then the main shaft, the secondary shaft and the differential are mutually matched through gears. Through the mode, the problem of arrangement of the chassis of the whole vehicle can be solved, and the problem of motor cooling is also solved. However, in such an arrangement structure, the position of the secondary shaft in the reduction box is higher than that of the primary shaft, and the primary shaft is arranged at the rear, so that when the reduction gear operates, it is difficult to sufficiently lubricate the primary shaft, the secondary shaft, the differential gear and other structures in the reduction gear, and the difficulty of lubrication is increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The purpose of the disclosure is to provide a speed reducer, a power assembly and a vehicle, which solve the problem that the lubricating structure of some speed reducers in the prior art is difficult to fully lubricate the structures of all positions in the speed reducer.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a speed reducer comprising:

the reduction box body is internally provided with a main shaft, an auxiliary shaft and a differential shaft, the auxiliary shaft and the differential shaft are respectively provided with an auxiliary shaft gear and a differential gear, and the axis position of the auxiliary shaft is higher than that of the main shaft;

the oil guide structure is arranged between the auxiliary shaft and the main shaft, so that when the differential gear operates to drive oil to splash, at least part of the oil splashes onto the oil guide structure and is transferred to the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft through the oil guide structure.

Optionally, the oil guiding structure includes:

the first baffle is arranged above the main shaft;

the accommodating shell is arranged on one side, close to the main shaft, of the first baffle and close to the countershaft gear, and an oil outlet channel facing the main shaft and the countershaft is formed in the accommodating shell, so that oil can flow into the accommodating shell and flow to the main shaft and the countershaft through the oil outlet channel after the oil splashes to the first baffle.

Optionally, the oil outlet channel includes a first oil guide groove and a second oil guide groove disposed at two sides of the accommodating shell, and the first oil guide groove and the second oil guide groove are respectively communicated with the accommodating shell;

the oil outlet end of the first oil guide groove is positioned above the main shaft bearing of the main shaft, and the oil outlet end of the second oil guide groove faces the upper part of the auxiliary shaft bearing of the auxiliary shaft.

Optionally, the oil guiding structure further comprises a shielding plate, and the shielding plate is arranged at a joint of the accommodating shell and the second oil guiding groove.

Optionally, the oil outlet channel further includes an open slot disposed at an edge of the accommodating shell, and the open slot is disposed opposite to the counter shaft gear, so that the oil in the accommodating shell flows to the counter shaft gear through the open slot.

Optionally, the oil guiding structure further includes a second baffle, the second baffle is disposed at a position where the accommodating shell is close to the second oil guiding groove, and the second baffle is inclined toward the direction of the countershaft.

Optionally, lead oily structure still includes first oil muscle of leading, first oil muscle slope set up in the countershaft below is led, just first oil muscle of leading one end orientation differential gear sets up, and the other end orientation the main shaft sets up.

Optionally, the oil guiding structure further includes a second oil guiding rib, the second oil guiding rib is obliquely arranged above the countershaft gear, the upper end of the second oil guiding rib is connected to the upper edge of the reduction box body, and the lower end of the second oil guiding rib is inclined towards the direction of the accommodating shell and is located above the accommodating shell.

Optionally, the oil guiding structure further comprises a mounting plate, the mounting plate is connected to the accommodating shell and connected between the first baffle plate and the baffle plate, and the mounting plate is fixed to the front box body of the reduction box body through bolts.

Optionally, the oil guiding structure further comprises a limiting column connected to one side of the accommodating shell opposite to the mounting plate;

and a position, facing the limiting column, of the rear box body of the reduction box body is provided with a limiting hole, and the limiting column is connected into the limiting hole in a matching manner.

In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a power assembly including a retarder according to any one of the above embodiments.

In a third aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, which includes the powertrain described in the above embodiment.

Through the technical scheme, the oil guide structure is arranged between the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft, the differential gear operates to drive oil to splash, part of oil can be directly splashed to the auxiliary shaft, the other part of oil can be splashed to the oil guide structure, and then the oil is transferred to the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft through the oil guide structure, so that the gear of the main shaft, the main shaft bearing, the auxiliary shaft gear and other structures are fully lubricated, and the condition that the oil cannot be fully transferred to the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft is avoided. In addition, aiming at the speed reducer with the position of the axis of the auxiliary shaft higher than that of the main shaft, the oil guide result can be utilized to avoid the waste of oil caused by splashing the oil to the position below the main shaft, and the loss of the oil is reduced.

Additional features and advantages of the present disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a speed reducer provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a front case side inside a speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view at a on fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil guiding structure of a speed reducer provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.

Description of the reference numerals

1. A reduction box body; 11. a main shaft; 111. a main shaft bearing; 12. a counter shaft; 121. a counter gear; 122. a counter shaft bearing; 13. a differential shaft; 131. a differential gear; 2. an oil shell; 3. an oil guiding structure; 31. a first baffle; 32. a housing case; 331. a first oil guide groove; 332. a second oil guide groove; 333. an open slot; 34. a shielding plate; 35. a second baffle; 36. mounting a plate; 37. a limiting column; 41. a first oil guiding rib; 42. and the second oil guide rib.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the disclosure refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

The present disclosure provides a speed reducer, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the speed reducer includes a speed reducer case 1, an oil casing 2, and an oil guiding structure 3, a main shaft 11, a counter shaft 12, and a differential shaft 13 are provided in the speed reducer case 1, a counter gear 121 and a differential gear 131 are provided on the counter shaft 12 and the differential shaft 13, respectively, wherein the axial center position of the counter shaft 12 is higher than the axial center position of the main shaft 11. In addition, the oil casing 2 is fixedly disposed at the differential gear 131 in the reduction box 1, and at least a portion of the differential gear 131 extends into the oil casing 2, so that when the differential gear 131 rotates, the oil in the oil casing 2 is agitated and splashed out of the oil casing 2.

The oil guiding structure 3 is disposed between the auxiliary shaft 12 and the main shaft 11, so that when the differential gear 131 operates to stir oil splashes in the oil casing 2, at least a part of the oil splashes onto the oil guiding structure 3 and is transferred to the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12 through the oil guiding structure 3.

Through the arrangement of the structure, after the differential gear 131 rotates to enable oil in the oil casing 2 to splash out of the oil casing 2, part of the oil can be directly splashed to the auxiliary shaft 12, and the other part of the oil can be splashed to the oil guide structure 3, so that the oil is prevented from splashing to the position below the main shaft 11, and the oil waste is avoided. After the oil is splashed onto the oil guide structure 3, the oil on the oil guide structure 3 is further transferred to the main shaft 11 and the sub shaft 12, and the main shaft bearing 111 of the main shaft 11 and the sub shaft bearing 122 of the sub shaft 12 and the like can be further lubricated. In this way, in the reduction gear in which the axial center position of the counter shaft 12 is higher than the axial center position of the main shaft 11, after the oil casing 2 and the oil guide structure 3 are provided, the oil can be efficiently splashed to the main shaft 11 and the counter shaft 12 by the operation of the differential gear 131, so that the main shaft 11 and the counter shaft 12 can be lubricated.

It should be noted that an oil inlet may be disposed at the bottom of the oil casing 2, so as to inject oil into the oil casing 2 through the oil inlet.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the oil guiding structure 3 includes a first baffle plate 31 and a housing case 32, wherein the first baffle plate 31 is disposed above the main shaft 11 and disposed facing the counter gear 121, and the housing case 32 is fixedly connected to an end of the first baffle plate 31 near the main shaft 11 and disposed near the counter gear 121. An oil outlet passage is provided in the housing case 32 toward the main shaft 11 and the counter gear 121, so that after the oil splashes to the first baffle 31, the oil flows into the housing case 32 along the first baffle 31 and flows to the main shaft 11 and the counter shaft 12 through the oil outlet passage.

Through the structure, when the differential gear 131 stirs oil in the oil casing 2 to splash, part of the oil may directly flow through the position above the main shaft 11, the oil splashed to the position can be blocked by the arrangement of the first baffle 31, then the part of the oil can flow into the accommodating casing 32 along the first baffle 31, and then the oil in the accommodating casing 32 can enter the positions of the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12 through the oil outlet channel, so that lubrication of the structures such as the main shaft bearing 111 and the auxiliary shaft bearing 122 is realized, the splashed oil is fully utilized, and the loss of the oil is avoided.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the oil outlet passage includes a first oil guide groove 331 and a second oil guide groove 332 disposed at both sides of the receiving case 32, and the first oil guide groove 331 and the second oil guide groove 332 respectively communicate with the receiving case 32, so that the oil in the receiving case 32 can flow into the first oil guide groove 331 and the second oil guide groove 332. The oil outlet end of the first oil guide groove 331 is located above the main shaft bearing 111 of the main shaft 11, and the oil outlet end of the second oil guide groove 332 faces above the sub shaft bearing 122 of the sub shaft 12.

By providing the first oil guide groove 331 and the second oil guide groove 332, the oil in the housing case 32 can be guided to the main shaft bearing 111 and the sub shaft bearing 122, and lubrication of the main shaft bearing 111 and the sub shaft bearing 122 can be effectively achieved. When the oil is discharged through the first oil guide groove 331 and the second oil guide groove 332, the oil is also caused to flow to the gear of the main shaft 11, the counter gear 121, and other positions, so that the respective parts of the main shaft 11 and the counter shaft 12 are effectively lubricated.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the oil guiding structure 3 further includes a shielding plate 34, and the shielding plate 34 is fixedly disposed at a connection position of the accommodating case 32 and the second oil guiding groove 332.

After the housing 32 is installed in the reduction gear box 1, since the differential gear 131 is disposed relatively close to the inner wall of the reduction gear box 1, when the oil in the oil housing 2 is agitated, a part of the oil may pass directly between the first baffle 31 and the side wall of the reduction gear box 1, so that the oil splashed to the position can be effectively blocked after the baffle plate 34 is disposed at the position of the second oil guide groove 332, and then the oil splashed to the baffle plate 34 can directly flow to the position between the housing 32 and the second oil guide groove 332, so that the part of the oil can rapidly flow out to the auxiliary shaft 12 through the second oil guide groove 332 for lubrication.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the oil outlet passage further includes an open groove 333 provided at an edge of the accommodating case 32, and the open groove 333 is provided opposite to the counter gear 121, so that the oil in the accommodating case 32 flows to the counter gear 121 through the open groove 333.

Because the accommodating shell 32 is arranged close to the counter shaft gear 121, after the position of the accommodating shell 32, which is opposite to the counter shaft gear 121, is provided with the open groove 333, the oil liquid in the accommodating shell 32 can directly flow onto the counter shaft gear 121 after flowing out of the position of the open groove 333, so as to lubricate the counter shaft gear 121. Similarly, when the oil flows out from the position of the open groove 333, the oil can be made to flow to the structure near the counter gear 121, and the lubrication can be made more sufficient.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the oil guiding structure 3 further includes a second baffle 35, the second baffle 35 is disposed at a position of the accommodating case 32 close to the second oil guiding groove 332, and one end of the second baffle 35 is connected to the edge of the accommodating case 32, and the other end is inclined toward the direction of the auxiliary shaft 12.

By the arrangement of the second baffle 35, a part of the oil splashes on the second baffle 35 in the process of splashing the oil onto the first baffle 31, and after the oil splashes on the second baffle 35, the oil flows along the second baffle 35 to the counter gear 121 and the gear of the main shaft 11.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the oil guiding structure 3 may further include a first oil guiding rib 41, the first oil guiding rib 41 is obliquely disposed below the auxiliary shaft 12, and one end of the first oil guiding rib 41 is disposed toward the differential gear 131, and the other end is disposed toward the main shaft 11.

By means of the arrangement of the first oil guiding rib 41, when the differential gear 131 rotates clockwise, the stirred oil can splash onto the first oil guiding rib 41, so that the oil is prevented from splashing to the position below the main shaft 11, and waste of the oil is avoided. In addition, after the oil splashes onto the first oil guiding rib 41, the oil can be splashed to the positions of the auxiliary shaft 12, the main shaft 11 and the accommodating shell 32, so that the lubrication of the structures of the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12 is finally realized.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the oil guiding structure 3 may further include a second oil guiding rib 42, the second oil guiding rib 42 is obliquely disposed above the counter gear 121, and an upper end of the second oil guiding rib 42 is connected to an upper edge of the reduction gear box body 1, and a lower end of the second oil guiding rib 42 is obliquely inclined toward the accommodating shell 32 and is located above the accommodating shell 32.

With the arrangement of the second oil guiding rib 42, when the differential gear rotates counterclockwise, the differential gear 131 can directly throw most of the oil to the positions of the auxiliary shaft 12 and the main shaft 11, and thus lubrication of the structures such as the main shaft bearing 111 and the auxiliary shaft bearing 122 can be realized. However, when the oil is thrown to the positions of the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12, a part of the oil may float over the gears of the auxiliary shaft gear 121 and the main shaft 11 and fall to the other side of the reduction box 1, which causes waste of the oil, and by using the arrangement of the second oil blocking rib, the oil may float over the gears of the auxiliary shaft gear 121 and the main shaft 11 and fall onto the second oil blocking rib, and then the oil on the second oil blocking rib may directly drip onto the positions of the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12, or may drip into the housing 32 through the position of the lower end portion of the second oil blocking rib.

Further, a vent hole is provided at a position between the counter gear 121 and the gear of the main shaft 11 at the upper edge of the reduction case 1, and a vent plug is provided at the vent hole. After the second oil guiding rib 42 is obliquely arranged above the counter gear 121 and the lower end of the second oil guiding rib 42 is inclined towards the direction of the accommodating shell 32, the position of the vent plug can be shielded to a certain extent, so that the oil can be prevented from splashing to the position of the vent plug to cause the oil to leak from the position.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the oil guiding structure 3 further includes a mounting plate 36, the mounting plate 36 is fixedly connected to the accommodating case 32 and connected between the first blocking plate 31 and the shielding plate 34, the mounting plate 36 is perpendicular to the first blocking plate 31, and the mounting plate 36 can be fixed to the front case of the reduction case 1 by bolts.

By providing the mounting plate 36, the housing case 32, the first baffle plate 31, and the like can be fixed to the upper side of the main shaft 11 in a stable manner after the mounting plate 36 is fixed to the front housing of the reduction housing 1. Meanwhile, the follow-up maintenance is convenient to disassemble.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the oil guiding structure 3 may further include a limiting column 37, the limiting column 37 is connected to a side of the accommodating case 32 opposite to the mounting plate 36, and in particular, the limiting column 37 may be connected to a side wall of the first oil guiding groove 331 away from the mounting plate 36. In addition, a limiting hole is formed in the position, opposite to the limiting column 37, of the rear box body of the reduction box body 1, and the limiting column 37 is connected into the limiting hole in a matched mode.

Thus, when the structure of the housing case 32 is mounted, the limit post 37 can be inserted into the limit hole of the rear case of the reduction gear case 1, so that the front case and the rear case are mounted to each other to form the reduction gear case 1, and the structure of the housing case 32 can be more stably fixed in the reduction gear case 1. In addition, because the limiting column 37 extends into the limiting hole and the mounting plate 36 is fixed on the front box body through a bolt, a support is formed between the front box body and the rear box body, and the mode and the rigidity of the front box body and the rear box body are improved.

It should be noted that the structure of the accommodating case 32 can also be connected to the reduction box 1 by other means, such as directly fixing the mounting plate 36 to the front box by welding, and welding the other side of the accommodating case 32 to the rear box, which is not limited by the present disclosure.

Based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a power assembly, which includes the speed reducer in the above embodiment.

After the speed reducer is arranged in the power assembly, when the speed reducer runs, due to the arrangement of the oil guide structure 3, part of oil stirred by the differential gear 131 directly splashes on the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12, meanwhile, other oil splashes on the oil guide structure 3, and then the oil guide structure 3 transfers to the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12, so that the lubrication of the structures at the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12 is fully ensured, and the condition that the oil cannot be splashed to the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12 is avoided. In addition, the oil guide structure 3 relatively avoids splashing a large amount of oil to the edge part in the speed reducer, so that the structures at the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12 are fully lubricated, a large amount of oil is saved, and the loss of the oil is effectively reduced.

Based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle including the powertrain referred to in the above embodiments.

After the power assembly is arranged in a vehicle, the power assembly is started to work, so that when a speed reducer in the power assembly operates, oil entering the oil shell 2 can be fully stirred and splashed to the main shaft 11, the auxiliary shaft 12 and the oil guide structure 3, and then the oil on the oil guide structure 3 is further transferred to the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12, so that the structures of the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shaft 12 are fully lubricated, and the loss of the oil can be relatively reduced.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A speed reducer, comprising:

the oil guide structure is arranged between the auxiliary shaft and the main shaft, so that when the differential gear operates to drive oil to splash, at least part of the oil splashes to the oil guide structure and is transferred to the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft through the oil guide structure.

2. The decelerator of claim 1, wherein the oil guide structure comprises:

the first baffle is arranged above the main shaft;

the accommodating shell is arranged on one side, close to the main shaft, of the first baffle plate and is arranged close to the countershaft gear, an oil outlet channel facing the main shaft and the countershaft is arranged on the accommodating shell, and after oil splashes to the first baffle plate, the oil flows into the accommodating shell and flows to the main shaft and the countershaft through the oil outlet channel.

3. The decelerator according to claim 2, wherein the oil outlet passage includes a first oil guide groove and a second oil guide groove provided at both sides of the accommodating shell, and the first oil guide groove and the second oil guide groove are respectively communicated with the accommodating shell;

4. The decelerator of claim 3, wherein the oil guide structure further comprises a baffle plate disposed at a junction of the receiving shell and the second oil guide groove.

5. The reducer according to claim 2, wherein the oil outlet passage further includes an open groove provided at an edge of the accommodation case, the open groove being provided to face the counter gear, so that the oil in the accommodation case flows onto the counter gear through the open groove.

6. The decelerator of claim 3, wherein the oil guiding structure further comprises a second baffle plate disposed at a position of the accommodation shell near the second oil guiding groove, and the second baffle plate is inclined toward the direction of the secondary shaft.

7. The reducer according to claim 2, wherein the oil guiding structure further comprises a first oil guiding rib, the first oil guiding rib is obliquely arranged below the auxiliary shaft, one end of the first oil guiding rib is arranged towards the differential gear, and the other end of the first oil guiding rib is arranged towards the main shaft.

8. The reduction gear according to claim 2, wherein the oil guiding structure further includes a second oil guiding rib, the second oil guiding rib is disposed above the counter gear in an inclined manner, an upper end of the second oil guiding rib is connected to an upper edge of the reduction gear case, and a lower end of the second oil guiding rib is inclined toward the accommodating case and is located above the accommodating case.

9. The decelerator of claim 4, wherein the oil guide structure further includes a mounting plate connected to the receiving case and between the first baffle plate and the shielding plate, and the mounting plate is fixed to the front case of the deceleration case by bolts.

10. The decelerator of claim 9, wherein the oil guide structure further comprises a limit post connected to a side of the accommodation shell opposite the mounting plate;

11. A drive assembly comprising a retarder according to any of claims 1 to 10.

12. A vehicle comprising the powertrain of claim 11.