CN218168818U - Drill bit for processing composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a drill bit to combined material carries out processing, including the cutting function section and with the linkage segment that the cutting function section links to each other be provided with drill point, little tooth's socket, margin, chip groove on the cutting function section, be provided with the main cutting edge on the drill point, the margin is one or more, the margin extends to the linkage segment, the chip groove extends to the linkage segment, it has to distribute on the margin little tooth's socket. The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses improvement based on the drill bit structure realizes manufacturing performance, processingquality, machining efficiency, the effective promotion of life of drill bit.

Description

Drill bit for processing composite material

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a drilling tool technical field especially relates to a drill bit that processes is carried out to combined material.

Background

Carbon fiber reinforced Composites (CFRP) are advanced composite materials represented by the above, and have excellent physical and mechanical properties, and thus are widely used in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, rail transit, sports equipment, and the like. The composite material is generally composed of two or more than two materials, and due to the difference of physical and mechanical properties of the component materials, the problems that burrs are not effectively sheared short, and interlayer materials are torn and layered damaged easily occur in the drilling-in and drilling-out stages due to poor constraint body conditions of surface layer fibers. Therefore, when the CFRP is used for processing the connecting hole and the assembling hole, higher processing requirements are provided for the processing precision and the processing quality of the hole.

The common processing mode of the current CFRP hole processing is multi-cutter working procedures such as drilling, expanding, reaming, spot facing and the like. The technical scheme has the advantages that the number of the specifications and the types of the cutters are large, the management of the cutters is difficult, and meanwhile, the machining efficiency is low due to the fact that the number of the working procedures is large. Therefore, the researchers in the industry can effectively simplify the processing procedure of typical composite materials represented by CFRP by improving the structure of the cutter or designing structures such as a drill, a hinge and the like on one cutter, thereby improving the production efficiency and solving the problem that the traditional metal twist drill is difficult to process the composite materials with high quality.

The patent application No. 201711047792.8 and the patent application No. 201711042733.1 disclose two cutter structures for inhibiting the generation of carbon fiber processing damage, wherein the drill tip part integrates a drill tip, a hole expanding structure and a multi-edge structure. The scheme depends on the processing trend of a three-point drill from the edge of the hole to the center of the hole to reduce burrs and layered tearing damage, but due to structural limitation, the reaming section structure of the final hole limits the application parameter range to be lower, and under the condition of higher feeding amount processing, the processing damage such as layering and tearing can be easily generated, so that the improvement of the production efficiency is limited.

Another patent published by the science and technology university of Hunan: a linear tricuspid-serrate drilling and milling composite cutter (patent application No. 201920554790.6) is used for milling and removing defects generated during hole making by adopting a mode of drilling before milling. The scheme effectively eliminates the damage caused by hole making by increasing a milling structure, but improves the complexity of the structure on the structure of the cutter, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the cutter with the structure is increased, and when holes with small and medium diameters are processed, the cutter with larger major diameter needs to be manufactured, the rigidity of the cutter is reduced, cutter breakage is easy to occur, and the difficulty is brought to high-quality processing of CFRP small holes. In the aspect of processing technology, although the processing quality is further improved, the single-cutter hole making technology is changed into a first drilling and then milling technology, and the production efficiency is reduced.

A multi-groove cutting edge structure is adopted in a drill bit and perforation forming method (patent application number 201380003276.9) disclosed by the Gongcheng field well of the Kangcheng, the axial force in the CFRP material processing process is dispersed through multi-stage continuously-increased groove cutting edges, the tearing and layering damage among CFRP layers is reduced, and the gradually-increased expanding spiral cutting edges effectively and finely ream hole processing burrs and hole walls. However, the obvious disadvantage is that the structure needs to have enough clearance of the lower cutter, and the application of the structure cutter is difficult when part of the box body and other structures limit the depth of the lower cutter are machined. Meanwhile, the cutter structure is complex, so that the production and manufacturing difficulty of the cutter is improved.

A twist drill with a double-step and double-micro-tooth structure is adopted in a multi-step multi-micro-blade drill for drilling carbon fiber reinforced composite (patent application number 201610412512.8) disclosed by university of continental engineering, on one hand, the stepped micro-tooth structure is used for realizing graded reaming of machining damage, on the other hand, the interlayer cutting axial force is reduced, the interlayer damage of materials is inhibited, and the high-quality drilling machining of CFRP is realized. But similarly, the multi-step and multi-micro-tooth structure enables the cutter to have a more complex drill point structure, the manufacturing cost of the cutter is increased, the cutting depth is prolonged, and the processing efficiency is reduced.

Therefore, the existing CFRP hole-making tool structure still has the problems of complex structure, great difficulty in manufacturing drill bits, overlong cutting action section, low processing efficiency and the like, and therefore, a universal CFRP hole-making drill bit which has a simple drill tip structure and is more convenient to produce, manufacture and apply needs to be developed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a drill bit to combined material carries out processing, including the cutting function section and with the linkage segment that the cutting function section links to each other be provided with drill point, little tooth's socket, margin, chip groove on the cutting function section, be provided with the main cutting edge on the drill point, the margin extends to the linkage segment, the chip groove extends to the linkage segment, it has to distribute on the margin little tooth's socket.

As a further improvement, the cutting function section has a step structure, and the cutting edge is distributed with the micro tooth grooves.

As a further improvement, the ladder structure comprises a plurality of steps, and each step is provided with a micro-tooth groove.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the number of the blade zones is a plurality.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the single face of the cutting function section is provided with a double-edged land, the double-edged land includes a first edged land and a second edged land, and since the single face of the cutting function section is provided with the double-edged land, the double faces of the cutting function section are provided with four edged lands.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the chip groove includes main chip groove, vice chip groove.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the ladder structure comprises a first ladder and a second ladder.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the drill point is of a double-vertex angle structure, namely a first vertex angle and a second vertex angle, and the size range of the vertex angle is 80-120 degrees; the relief angle of the main cutting edge is 10-30 deg.

As a further improvement, the groove width of the micro tooth groove is 0.1-2.0 mm, the groove depth of the micro tooth groove is plus (0.1-1.0) mm, and the included angle between the micro tooth groove and the axis of the drill bit is 60-110 degrees.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the width of the main chip removal groove is (0.5-0.8) mm D, the width of the auxiliary chip removal groove is (0.2-0.4) D mm, and D is the size of the diameter of the drill bit.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the connecting section is set to be in the form of an inverted cone.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the drill bit further comprises a clamping section, and the clamping section is connected with the connecting section.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the cutting edge adopts a convex edge structure.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the blade band width is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the height difference between the blade band and the excircle shovel back is 0.1-0.3 mm.

As a further improvement, the front angle of the upper side cutting edge of the blade band is set to be 10-30 degrees, and the rear angle of the upper side cutting edge of the blade band is set to be 10-30 degrees.

The utility model also provides a drill bit to combined material carries out processing, including cutting function section and with the linkage segment that the cutting function section links to each other, be provided with drill point, little tooth's socket, land, chip groove on the cutting function section, be provided with the main cutting edge on the drill point, the land extends to the linkage segment, the chip groove extends to the linkage segment, it has the little tooth's socket to distribute on the land; the cutting functional section has a step structure, and the number of steps is 2-3; the number of the blade zones is 2-8; the drill point is provided with a double-vertex-angle structure, and the vertex angle range of the drill point is 80-120 degrees; the relief angle of the main cutting edge is 10-30 degrees; the groove width of the micro tooth groove is 0.1-2.0 mm, the groove depth is plus (0.1-1.0) mm, and the included angle between the micro tooth groove and the axis of the drill bit can be set to be 60-110 degrees; the chip removal grooves comprise a main chip removal groove and an auxiliary chip removal groove, the width of the main chip removal groove is (0.5-0.8) × D mm, the width of the auxiliary chip removal groove is (0.2-0.4) × D mm, and D is the size of the edge diameter of the drill bit; the cutting edge adopts a convex cutting edge structure, the width of the cutting edge is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the height difference between the cutting edge and the excircle shovel back is 0.1-0.3 mm; the front angle of the upper side cutting edge of the cutting edge is set to be 10-30 degrees, and the rear angle of the upper side cutting edge of the cutting edge is set to be 10-30 degrees.

The utility model also provides a drill bit that processes to combined material, including cutting function section, and with the linkage segment that cutting function section links to each other, be provided with drill point, little tooth's socket, land, chip groove on cutting function section 10, be provided with the main cutting edge on the drill point, the land extends to the linkage segment, the chip groove extends to the linkage segment, it has the little tooth's socket to distribute on the land; the cutting functional section has a step structure, and the number of steps is 2; the number of the blade zones is 4; the drill point is provided with a double-vertex-angle structure, wherein one vertex angle is 100 degrees, and the two vertex angles are 90 degrees; the chip grooves comprise a main chip groove and an auxiliary chip groove, and the relief angle of the main cutting edge is 15 degrees; the width of the micro tooth groove is 1.0mm, the depth of the micro tooth groove is 1.2mm, and the included angle between the micro tooth groove and the axis of the drill bit can be set to be 90 degrees; the width of the main chip removal groove is 0.7X D mm, the width of the auxiliary chip removal groove is 0.3X D mm, and D is the size of the diameter of the drill bit; the cutting edge adopts a convex cutting edge structure, the width of the cutting edge is 0.3mm, and the height difference between the cutting edge and an excircle shovel back is 0.3mm; the rake angle of the upper secondary cutting edge of the land is set to 10 degrees, and the relief angle of the upper secondary cutting edge of the land is set to 10 degrees.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses based on the improvement of drill bit structure, the ladder structure adopts many ladders, solves the big hole system hole processing axial force problem, reduces system hole axial force through the hierarchical system hole of a plurality of ladders, inhibits the layering damage; the design of a single micro tooth groove and a multi-blade belt per step is adopted, the axial distance of a cutting function section is reduced, meanwhile, the micro tooth grooves are arranged on the multi-blade belt in a staggered mode, the action length of the micro teeth is increased, and the reaming and removing effect of the micro teeth on CFRP burrs is improved; thereby realizing the effective promotion of the manufacturing performance, the processing quality, the processing efficiency and the service life of the drill bit.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cutting functional segment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the top corner configuration of the drill tip;

FIG. 4 is an angular schematic view of the main cutting edge;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a micro-spline structure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a section of the margin;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a convex edge type (step clearance) structure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the OD (angular clearance) configuration;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the minor cutting edge angle;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a single step four-bladed structure;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a three step four land structure;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a dual stepped six-land configuration;

Detailed Description

The utility model discloses a drill bit is a combined material's drill bit to carbon fiber reinforced Composite (CFRP) as the representative.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the utility model discloses drill bit to combined material carries out processing, including cutting function section 10 and with linkage segment 20 that cutting function section 10 links to each other be provided with drill point 11, little flute 12, margin, chip groove on the cutting function section 10, be provided with the main cutting edge on the drill point 11, the margin extends to linkage segment 20, the chip groove extends to linkage segment 20, it has little flute 12 to distribute on the margin.

The cutting functional section 10 may or may not have a stepped structure, and the micro tooth grooves 12 are distributed on the blade. When setting up the stair structure on cutting function section 10, the stair structure can include two ladders or a plurality of ladders, and for example ladder quantity is 2 ~ 3, as the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment, the stair structure includes two ladders, is first ladder 17 and second ladder 18 respectively, and every ladder is equipped with a little tooth's socket 12.

The number of the cutting edge can be single or multiple, for example, single cutting edge, double cutting edge, three cutting edge, eight cutting edge, as the preferred embodiment of the utility model discloses, the single face of cutting function section 10 is provided with double cutting edge, and double cutting edge includes first cutting edge 13, second cutting edge 14, and cutting function section 10 is two-sided, so the two-sided of cutting function section 10 is provided with four cutting edge, the chip groove includes main chip groove 15, vice chip groove 16, and the ratio range of first step diameter and second step diameter is 0.3 ~ 0.9.

The utility model discloses preferably adopt the structure of two terraces four-bladed, of course, the utility model discloses other structures can also be adopted, for example, the single terraces four-bladed structure that figure 10 shows, the three terraces four-bladed structure that figure 11 shows, the six-bladed structure of two terraces that figure 12 shows.

As shown in fig. 10, a double margin is provided on one side of the functional cutting segment 10, the double margin includes a first margin 13 and a second margin 14, and four margins are provided on both sides of the functional cutting segment 10.

As shown in fig. 11, a double-edged land is provided on a single surface of the cutting function section 10, the double-edged land includes a first edged land 13 and a second edged land 14, and four edged lands are provided on both surfaces of the cutting function section 10; the steps include a first step 17, a second step 18, and a third step 19.

As shown in fig. 12, a single face of the cutting function section 10 is provided with three lands including a first land 13, a second land 14 and a third land 31, and a double face of the cutting function section 10 is provided with six lands; the dual step includes a first step 17 and a second step 18.

As shown in fig. 3, the drill tip 11 has a double-vertex angle structure, which includes a first vertex angle a and a second vertex angle B, and the vertex angle ranges from 80 to 120 °, preferably, the first vertex angle is 100 ° and the second vertex angle is 90 °. The drill tip 11 is provided with a main cutting edge, and as shown in fig. 4, the relief angle C of the main cutting edge is 10 to 30 ° (preferably 15 °), and the rake angle of the main cutting edge is denoted by E.

As shown in fig. 5, the groove width L1 and the groove depth L2 of the micro tooth groove 12 are determined by the diameter of the drill, the groove width L1 is generally 0.1 to 2.0mm (preferably 1.0 mm), the groove depth L2 is L1+ (0.1 to 1.0) mm, and the groove depth L2 is preferably 1.2mm; the micro-gullet 12 may be disposed at an angle K to the bit axis of 60 to 110 degrees (preferably 90 degrees).

As shown in fig. 6, one blade has the same number of micro-grooves as the number of steps. The stepped micro-tooth structure is used for realizing the graded removal of processing damage, so that the processing quality is effectively improved; the axial length of a single blade zone is saved due to the distribution design of the single-micro tooth slot and the multiple blade zones of each step, and the compact arrangement effect of the micro-tooth reverse shearing effect is realized through the axial height difference of the micro-teeth on the two blade zones.

As shown in FIG. 7, the blade zone is in the form of a convex edge (step clearance), the blade width f is 0.3-0.5 mm (preferably 0.3 mm), and the height difference h between the blade zone and the excircle shovel back is generally 0.1-0.3 mm (preferably 0.3 mm). Compared with an OD form (angle clearance), the space formed by the convex edge form and the processed surface is larger, and if the blade zone is abraded and sunk, the blade zone area participating in abrasion is prevented from being further increased, so that the cutting heat is reduced more favorably, and the processing quality of holes is ensured.

As shown in fig. 9, the rake angle F of the upper minor cutting edge (peripheral edge) of the land is set to 10 to 30 ° (preferably 10 °), and the relief angle G is set to 10 to 30 ° (preferably 10 °).

The cutting functional section 10 and the connecting section 20 are provided with a main chip groove 15 and an auxiliary chip groove 16, the width of the main chip groove 15 is (0.5-0.8) × Dmm (D is the diameter of the drill edge), and the width of the main chip groove 15 is preferably 0.7 × D mm; the width of the secondary flute 15 is typically (0.2 to 0.4) × Dmm, and the width of the secondary flute 15 is preferably 0.3 × d mm.

The connecting section 20 is arranged in an inverted conical form, so that the diameter of the end edge is gradually reduced, and the friction action between the machined surface and the edge of the connecting section is avoided. The back taper is generally taken as 1:1000 to 5:1000, namely, every 1000mm of axial distance is prolonged, the two sides are radially reduced by 1-5 mm.

The drill further comprises a clamping section 30, the clamping section 30 is connected with the connecting section 20, and the clamping section 30 is used for facilitating the clamping of a tool holder.

The drill bit processed by the composite material has a simple and compact drill point functional structure, is convenient for production and manufacture of the drill bit, and improves the manufacturability; the problems that the composite material represented by CFRP is easy to generate processing burrs, delamination and tearing damage in the hole-making processing process can be solved; meanwhile, the lower cutter depth is short, and the machining efficiency of the drill bit can be effectively improved; the drill bit structure is adjusted to be suitable for a higher cutting parameter range; through the structural improvement, the abrasion of the drill bit in the cutting process is reduced, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged.

In conclusion, the improvement based on the drill bit structure realizes the effective promotion of the manufacturing performance, the processing quality, the processing efficiency and the service life of the drill bit.

The utility model has the advantages as follows:

1. designing a stepped micro-tooth structure: the grading effective removal of CFRP processing damage is realized.

2. The utility model discloses a stair structure adopts many ladders: the problem of big hole drilling processing axial force is solved, and hole drilling axial force is reduced through the hierarchical system hole of a plurality of ladders, and the layering damage is restrained.

3. Design of each step of single micro tooth groove and multiple blade bands: the axial distance of the cutting functional section 10 is reduced, and meanwhile, the micro tooth grooves 12 are arranged on the multi-blade belt in a staggered mode, so that the acting length of the micro teeth is increased, and the reaming effect of the micro teeth on CFRP burrs is improved. The compact arrangement mode of the drill point angle and the micro teeth can reduce the depth of the lower cutter, and effectively improve the processing efficiency.

4. The cutting edge adopts the convex edge structure, has avoided the increase of cutting edge wearing surface area, has reduced the production of course of working cutting heat, because the processing cutting generates heat when great, the resin material among the combined material easily vitrifys, leads to descending to fibrous restraint, and the course of working takes place the processing damage more easily to hole processingquality has been promoted.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments shown and described. To the utility model discloses to the ordinary skilled person in technical field's the prerequisite that does not deviate from the utility model discloses under the design, can also make a plurality of simple deductions or replacement, all should regard as belonging to the utility model discloses a protection scope.

Claims (17)

1. A drill bit that is directed at combined material carries out processing its characterized in that: including cutting function section (10) and with linkage segment (20) that cutting function section (10) link to each other be provided with drill point (11), little tooth socket (12), land, chip groove on cutting function section (10), be provided with the main cutting edge on drill point (11), the land extends to linkage segment (20), the chip groove extends to linkage segment (20), it has to distribute on the land little tooth socket (12).

2. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the cutting functional section (10) is of a stepped structure, and the micro tooth grooves (12) are distributed on the blade.

3. The drill bit of claim 2, wherein: the stair structure comprises a plurality of steps, and each step is provided with a micro-tooth groove (12).

4. The drill bit of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the number of the blade zones is multiple.

5. The drill bit of claim 4, wherein: the single face of the cutting function section (10) is provided with a double-edged land which comprises a first edged land (13) and a second edged land (14), and the double faces of the cutting function section (10) are provided with four edged lands because the single face of the cutting function section (10) is provided with the double-edged land.

6. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the chip grooves comprise main chip grooves (15) and auxiliary chip grooves (16).

7. The drill bit of claim 3, wherein: the ladder structure comprises a first ladder (17) and a second ladder (18).

8. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the drill point (11) is of a double-vertex-angle structure and is respectively a first vertex angle (A) and a second vertex angle (B), and the vertex angle range is 80-120 degrees; the relief angle of the main cutting edge is 10-30 deg.

9. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the size of the groove width (L1) of the micro tooth groove (12) is 0.1-2.0 mm, the size of the groove depth (L2) of the micro tooth groove (12) is the groove width (L1) + (0.1-1.0) mm, and the included angle (K) between the micro tooth groove (12) and the axis of the drill bit is set to be 60-110 degrees.

10. The drill bit of claim 6, wherein: the width of the main chip groove (15) is (0.5-0.8) × D mm, the width of the auxiliary chip groove (16) is (0.2-0.4) × D mm, and D is the size of the cutting edge diameter of the drill.

11. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the connecting section (20) is arranged in an inverted cone form.

12. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the drill further comprises a clamping section (30), the clamping section (30) being connected to the connecting section (20).

13. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the blade zone adopts a convex blade structure.

14. The drill bit of claim 13, wherein: the width (f) of the blade band is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the height difference (h) between the blade band and the excircle shovel back is 0.1-0.3 mm.

15. The drill bit of claim 13, wherein: the front angle of the upper side cutting edge of the cutting edge is set to be 10-30 degrees, and the rear angle of the upper side cutting edge of the cutting edge is set to be 10-30 degrees.

16. A drill bit that is directed at combined material carries out processing its characterized in that: the cutting tool comprises a cutting functional section (10) and a connecting section (20) connected with the cutting functional section (10), wherein a drill tip (11), a micro tooth groove (12), a blade band and a chip discharge groove are arranged on the cutting functional section (10), a main cutting edge is arranged on the drill tip (11), the blade band extends to the connecting section (20), the chip discharge groove extends to the connecting section (20), and the micro tooth groove (12) is distributed on the blade band; the cutting functional section (10) has a step structure, and the number of steps is 2-3; the number of the blade zones is 2-8; the drill point (11) has a double-vertex-angle structure, and the vertex angle range is 80-120 degrees; the relief angle of the main cutting edge is 10-30 degrees; the groove width of the micro tooth groove (12) is 0.1-2.0 mm, the groove depth is plus (0.1-1.0) mm, and the included angle (K) between the micro tooth groove (12) and the axis of the drill bit can be set to be 60-110 degrees; the chip grooves comprise main chip grooves (15) and auxiliary chip grooves (16), the width of each main chip groove (15) is (0.5-0.8) D mm, the width of each auxiliary chip groove (16) is (0.2-0.4) D mm, and D is the size of the edge diameter of the drill bit; the cutting edge adopts a convex cutting edge structure, the width of the cutting edge is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the height difference between the cutting edge and the excircle shovel back is 0.1-0.3 mm; the front angle of the upper side cutting edge of the cutting edge is set to be 10-30 degrees, and the rear angle of the upper side cutting edge of the cutting edge is set to be 10-30 degrees.

17. A drill bit that is directed at combined material carries out processing its characterized in that: the cutting tool comprises a cutting functional section (10) and a connecting section (20) connected with the cutting functional section (10), wherein a drill tip (11), a micro tooth groove (12), a blade band and a chip discharge groove are arranged on the cutting functional section (10), a main cutting edge is arranged on the drill tip (11), the blade band extends to the connecting section (20), the chip discharge groove extends to the connecting section (20), and the micro tooth groove (12) is distributed on the blade band; the cutting functional section (10) is of a step structure, and the number of steps is 2; the number of the blade zones is 4; the drill point (11) is of a double-vertex-angle structure, wherein one vertex angle is 100 degrees, and the two vertex angles are 90 degrees; the relief angle of the main cutting edge is 15 degrees; the groove width of the micro tooth groove (12) is 1.0mm, the groove depth is 1.2mm, and the included angle (K) between the micro tooth groove (12) and the axis of the drill bit can be set to be 90 degrees; the chip grooves comprise main chip grooves (15) and auxiliary chip grooves (16), the width of each main chip groove (15) is 0.7X D mm, the width of each auxiliary chip groove (16) is 0.3X D mm, and D is the size of the edge diameter of the drill bit; the cutting edge adopts a convex cutting edge structure, the width of the cutting edge is 0.3mm, and the height difference between the cutting edge and an excircle shovel back is 0.3mm; the rake angle of the upper secondary cutting edge of the land is set to 10 degrees, and the relief angle of the upper secondary cutting edge of the land is set to 10 degrees.

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