CN218159659U - Electrical contact conductor - Google Patents
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- CN218159659U CN218159659U CN202222173684.8U CN202222173684U CN218159659U CN 218159659 U CN218159659 U CN 218159659U CN 202222173684 U CN202222173684 U CN 202222173684U CN 218159659 U CN218159659 U CN 218159659U
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Abstract
The application provides an electric contact conductor, which comprises at least two conducting layers, wherein each conducting layer is sequentially provided with at least two metal layers and a graphene layer along the width direction of the conducting layer, and the graphene layer is arranged between two adjacent metal layers; the graphene layers between two adjacent conductive layers are arranged in a staggered manner in the width direction and do not meet each other. The application aims to solve the problem that the electric conductivity is poor due to the fact that electrons are alternately transferred among metal graphene in an electric contact conductor.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electric conductors, in particular to an electric contact conductor.
Background
Graphene is a material with excellent gas barrier properties, high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, high strength, high flexibility and strong inertia, and therefore, the graphene is widely applied to electrical contact conductors to improve the electrical conductivity of the electrical contact conductors, or improve the wear resistance of the electrical contact conductors, or replace the use amount of the existing precious metals, or comprehensively improve the electrical conductivity and the wear resistance, and reduce the manufacturing cost.
In the prior art, the process of applying graphene to an electrical contact conductor mainly includes two modes of electroplating and deposition. The electroplating process is to mix metal ions and graphene into the same plating solution for electroplating, so that the graphene and the metal are mixed together to form on the surface of the electric contact conductor. The deposition process is to deposit a graphene layer on the surface of metal powder by a vapor deposition method, then thermally extrude the metal powder into an electric contact conductor, and the formed electric contact conductor contains graphene.
The electroplating process mainly needs to solve the following technical problems: in a first aspect, graphene is uniformly dispersed into a plating solution to prevent the graphene from agglomerating; in the second aspect, how to ensure the ordered distribution and no agglomeration of the graphene when the graphene and metal mixed solution is electroplated to the surface of a product to be plated. Therefore, in the process of manufacturing the electric contact conductor by electroplating, implementation personnel adopt a dispersing agent to prevent the graphene from agglomerating in the plating solution and ensure that the graphene is dispersed; in the plating layer, the distribution of graphene in the plating layer is controlled mainly by controlling the concentration of graphene in the plating solution, controlling the electroplating process conditions and selecting the synergistic combination of different dispersants to prevent agglomeration. However, even in this case, the graphene still has an agglomeration phenomenon, and the ordered distribution of the graphene according to a certain concentration cannot be controlled.
In the process of manufacturing the electrical contact conductor by deposition, graphene on the surface of metal powder can deform along with the metal powder, so that the original graphene orderly distributed on the surface of the metal powder is disorderly distributed, the metal powder is extruded into the electrical contact conductor, certain pressure and temperature conditions need to be met, part of the graphene is changed back to graphite again under the influence of temperature and pressure, and the electrical conductivity of the original metal is reduced.
In summary, the electric contact conductor formed by the preparation method of the electric contact conductor in the prior art has agglomerated and disordered graphene.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application provides an electric contact conductor, aims at solving the problem that in the electric contact conductor, electrons are alternately transferred among metal graphene to cause poor conductivity.
The application provides an electric contact conductor, which comprises at least two conducting layers, wherein each conducting layer is sequentially provided with at least two metal layers and a graphene layer along the width direction of the conducting layer, and the graphene layer is arranged between two adjacent metal layers; the graphene layers between two adjacent conductive layers are arranged in a staggered manner in the width direction and do not meet each other.
Optionally, the at least two conductive layers comprise adjacent third and fourth conductive layers; the third conducting layer comprises a first metal layer, a first graphene layer and a second metal layer which are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the third conducting layer; the fourth conducting layer comprises a third metal layer, a second graphene layer and a fourth metal layer which are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the fourth conducting layer; the third metal layer or the fourth metal layer is arranged on the first graphene layer in an overlapping mode, the third metal layer or the fourth metal layer is respectively connected with the part of the first metal layer and the part of the second metal layer, and the second graphene layer is arranged on the first metal layer and the second metal layer in an overlapping mode.
Optionally, in a cross section perpendicular to a thickness direction of the electrical contact conductor, the electrical contact conductor has a graphene layer extending in a length direction thereof and a graphene layer extending in a width direction thereof, which are contiguous to each other.
Optionally, in a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the electrical contact conductor, the extending direction of the graphene layer crosses the length direction of the electrical contact conductor.
Optionally, an included angle is formed between the extending direction of the graphene layer and the length direction, and the included angle gradually decreases from two surfaces located in the length direction to the inside of the electrical contact conductor.
Optionally, the graphene layer has one or more of a quadrilateral shape, a pentagonal shape, a hexagonal shape and a heptagonal shape in a cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the electrical contact conductor.
Optionally, the graphene layer has one or more of a quadrilateral shape, a pentagonal shape, a hexagonal shape and a heptagonal shape in a cross section perpendicular to the width direction of the electrical contact conductor.
Optionally, the graphene layer width is 10-70um.
Optionally, the graphene layer thickness is 1-10um.
Optionally, the ratio of the width of the graphene layer to the width of any adjacent metal layer is 1:6 to 1:1.5.
in the technical scheme of this application embodiment, zonulae occludens between metal level and the graphite alkene layer for the metal level can provide support, fixed and moulding effect for graphite alkene. The metal level can be to graphite alkene fixed clamp tight to carry out compactness to graphite alkene and handle, make the density of graphite alkene layer reach certain density requirement in the metal level, can also carry out machinery simultaneously to graphite alkene layer and peel off for graphite alkene layer orderly arrangement degree is high and approach to not reunion state, improves its electric conductive property and mechanical properties.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing an electrical contact conductor provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated structure provided in the examples of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pre-fabricated structure provided in the embodiment of the present application in a stressed state of extrusion and stretching;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an electrical contact conductor provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an electrical contact conductor provided in an embodiment of the present application, taken perpendicular to the length direction;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another electrical contact conductor provided in the embodiment of the present application, in a direction perpendicular to the length direction;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a projection of an electrical contact conductor provided in an embodiment of the present application, perpendicular to the thickness direction;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of another prefabricated structure provided in the examples of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic plan view of another electrical contact conductor provided in the embodiment of the present application.
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Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In this application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. In the following description, details are set forth for the purpose of explanation. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not shown in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.
In the electric contact conductor in the prior art, graphene and metal are mixed in a disordered manner to form a mixed conductor. When the mixed conductor conducts electricity, electrons are transferred to graphene through metal and then transferred to the metal, so that the electrons need to frequently switch channels between metal and graphene for migration. Although the graphene replaces part of metal to form an electron migration channel, and the rapid migration of electrons is realized, the graphene is easy to agglomerate and is disordered in arrangement under the existing processing and manufacturing technical conditions, so that the graphene in the mixed conductor is disordered in arrangement and distribution, and the proportion of the electrons in the metal and the graphene in the whole electric contact conductor is not high, so that the actual electron migration in the electric contact conductor is basically realized by depending on the metal and the metal, and further, even if the graphene is added in the electric contact conductor, the excellent conductivity and wear resistance of the graphene are difficult to exert.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the application provides an electric contact conductor. In the electrical contact conductor, graphene forms a continuous, dense and orderly arranged graphene conductor layer. When the electric contact conductor conducts electricity, the proportion of electrons transferred on the channel formed by the graphene alone is increased, and the proportion of electrons transferred on the metal and the graphene or the metal in the channel formed by the electrons is reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for manufacturing an electrical contact conductor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated structure provided in the examples of the present application; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pre-fabricated structure provided in the embodiment of the present application in a stressed state of extrusion and stretching; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an electrical contact conductor provided in an embodiment of the present application; fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrical contact conductor provided in an embodiment of the present application, taken perpendicular to the longitudinal direction; fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another electrical contact conductor provided in the embodiment of the present application, in a direction perpendicular to the length direction; fig. 7 is a schematic view of a projection of an electrical contact conductor provided in an embodiment of the present application, perpendicular to the thickness direction; FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of another prefabricated structure provided in the examples of the present application; fig. 9 is a schematic view of another electrical contact conductor provided in the embodiment of the present application.
In a first aspect, as shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical contact conductor, including at least two conductive layers 10, where the conductive layers 10 are sequentially provided with at least two metal layers 20 and graphene layers 30 along a width direction thereof; the graphene layers 30 between two adjacent conductive layers 10 are arranged in a staggered manner in the width direction and do not meet each other. Namely: the graphene layers 30 of two conductive layers 10 adjacent in thickness are not contiguous to each other.
In comparison with the structure in which graphene and a metal are mixed in the electrical contact conductor, the electrical contact conductor in the embodiment of the present application includes at least two conductive layers, each of which includes at least two metal layers 20 and a graphene layer 30 sequentially disposed in a width direction thereof; and the graphene layers 30 between two adjacent conductive layers 10 are arranged in a staggered manner in the width direction and do not meet each other. The adjacent metal layer 20 and the graphene layer 30 are independent conductive parts, electrons can independently migrate in the graphene layer 30, the ratio of independent transfer of the electrons between the graphene layers 30 is improved, the occupation ratio of transfer of the electrons in a channel formed between the metal graphene or the metal is reduced, and the conductivity of the graphene material can be fully exerted.
Meanwhile, the electrical contact conductor is formed after being stretched and extruded, so that the metal layer 20 is tightly connected with the graphene layer 30, and the metal layer 20 can provide supporting, fixing and shaping effects for graphene. In the process of extruding and stretching the prefabricated structure, the metal layer 20 can fixedly clamp the graphene to perform compactness processing on the graphene, so that the density of the graphene layer 30 reaches a certain density requirement in the through hole of the metal framework, and meanwhile, the graphene layer 30 can be mechanically stripped, so that the ordered arrangement degree of the graphene layer 30 is high and tends to be in a non-agglomeration state, and the conductivity and mechanical performance of the graphene layer are improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 or 6, the electrical contact conductor includes at least two conductive layers 10 stacked in a thickness direction thereof; each of the conductive layers 10 has the graphene layer 30; but relies on an adjoining metal layer for electron transfer. Namely: the graphene layer 30 is surrounded by the same contiguous metal layer 20 and the metal layer 20 on the contiguous conductive layer 10, respectively, such that the metal layer 20 provides strong support, protection and shaping to the graphene layer 30. The graphene layer 30 is disposed between the adjacent metal layers 20, and the graphene layer 30 and the two adjacent metal layers 20 are tightly connected after being stretched and extruded.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the metal layer 20 is a metal skeleton formed by metal particles in a mold. The metal framework contains through holes. And filling graphene in the through hole to form a prefabricated structure. And then putting the prefabricated structure into an extrusion stretching die for extrusion stretching, so that the graphene layer 30 is tightly connected with the two adjacent metal layers 20.
The metal layers 20 and the graphene layers 30 are alternately arranged in this order in the width direction. Such as metal layer 20-graphene layer 30- \ 8230; -metal layer 20.
In general, the width ratio of the graphene layer 30 to any adjacent metal layer 20 is 1:6 to 1:1.5. this kind of proportion sets up mainly to be in order to make metal level 20 can provide strong support for graphite alkene layer 30, guarantees the orderly stable distribution of graphite alkene layer 30 in the electrical contact conductor after the shaping, avoids graphite alkene layer 30 to produce deformation because of external force. In some embodiments, the graphene layer 30 is 10-70um wide and the graphene layer 30 is 1-10um thick.
Further, as an alternative to the above-mentioned embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, at least two of the conductive layers 10 include a third conductive layer 13 and a fourth conductive layer 14 which are adjacent to each other; the third conductive layer 13 comprises a first metal layer 21, a first graphene layer 31 and a second metal layer 22 which are sequentially arranged along the width direction; the fourth conductive layer 14 comprises a third metal layer 23, a second graphene layer 32 and a fourth metal layer 24 which are sequentially arranged along the width direction; the third metal layer 23 or the fourth metal layer 24 is stacked on the first graphene layer 31, the third metal layer 23 or the fourth metal layer 24 is respectively connected with a portion of the first metal layer 21 and a portion of the second metal layer 22, and the second graphene layer 32 is stacked on the first metal layer 21 and the second metal layer 22. Namely: the first graphene layer 31 and the second graphene layer 32 are not connected; the first graphene layer 31 is supported by the first metal layer 21, the second metal layer 22, and one of the third metal layer 23 or the fourth metal layer 24; the second graphene layer 32 is supported by the third metal layer 23, the fourth metal layer 24, and one of the first metal layer 21 or the second metal layer 22.
As an alternative to the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, in a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the electrical contact conductor, in a cross section perpendicular to the thickness direction of the electrical contact conductor, the graphene layer of the electrical contact conductor extending along the length direction thereof and the graphene layer along the width direction thereof are in contact with each other. The graphene layer extending in the longitudinal direction may be understood as: two ends of the graphene layer are respectively positioned on the third surface and the fourth surface of the electric contact conductor in the length direction; or the extension direction of the graphene layer has a component in the length direction. The graphene layer extending in the width direction can be understood as: two ends of the graphene layer are respectively positioned on the first surface and the second surface of the electric contact conductor in the length direction; or the extension direction of the graphene layer has a component in the width direction. For example, one graphene layer 30 extends substantially along the length direction, and the other graphene layer 30 extends substantially along the width direction. During the electron transport process, electrons are transferred on the graphene layer 30 extending substantially along the length direction, and finally converge on the graphene layer 30 extending substantially along the width direction, thereby completing the transfer and migration of electrons. The electrical contact conductor of this structure is formed by extrusion and drawing of a prefabricated structure as described in connection with fig. 8.
In some embodiments, for the same conductive layer 10, the graphene layers 30 extending substantially along the length direction are multiple and do not meet each other. The graphene layers 30 extending substantially in the width direction are plural and do not meet each other. Each of the graphene layers 30 extending substantially in the length direction meets each of the graphene layers 30 extending substantially in the width direction. In this structure, the electrical contact conductor has the graphene layers 30 criss-cross, and the mobility of electrons is improved.
The graphene layer 30 extending substantially in the longitudinal direction is understood to be: the electrical contact conductor has a third surface and a fourth surface arranged opposite to each other in the length direction, and the graphene layer 30 extends from the third surface to the fourth surface, and the actual course of which may be a straight line or a curved line. Similarly, the graphene layer 30 extending substantially in the width direction is understood to be: the electrical contact conductor has a first surface and a second surface which are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction, and the graphene layer 30 extends from the first surface to the second surface, and the actual direction of the graphene layer may be a straight line or a curved line.
As an alternative to the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 or 7, the extending direction of the graphene layer 30 is arranged to intersect with the longitudinal direction. Namely: the extending direction of the graphene layer 30 has a component in the length direction, or the graphene layer 30 does not extend straight but extends curved. In such a structure, electrons can be transported a longer distance within the graphene layer 30, which helps to increase the migration rate of electrons and increase the rate of migration of electrons within the graphene layer 30; meanwhile, the staggered stretching can bend the graphene layer 30 in the projection plane, so that the graphene layer can be mechanically stripped, the ordered arrangement degree of the graphene layer is improved, and the agglomeration degree is reduced.
As an optional implementation manner of the foregoing embodiment, an extending direction of the graphene layer forms an included angle with the length direction, and the included angle gradually decreases from two surfaces located in the length direction toward the inside of the electrical contact conductor. In a specific implementation, the graphene layer 30 extends along the axis O2 of the through hole before the electrical contact conductor is subjected to stretching and pressing; and the graphene layer 30 is bent in the extending direction after the electrical contact conductor is stretched and pressed, and extends along the bent middle line O1. After extrusion and stretching are carried out, an included angle is formed between the extending direction of the graphene layer and the length direction, namely the axis O2 and the bending central line O1 are intersected with each other. And the included angle gradually decreases from the two surfaces in the length direction to the inside of the electric contact conductor. In some embodiments, the included angle is smallest at the midpoint of the graphene layer 30. In some embodiments, the midpoint is formed by the curved middle line O1 of the graphene layer 30 intersecting with its length axis, which is the extension line (axis O2 of the via hole) of the electrical contact conductor before the tensile compression is performed, that is: the included angle gradually increases from the intersection point to the direction of the surfaces on both sides in the length direction. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5 or 6, the graphene layer 30 may have one or more of a quadrilateral shape, a pentagonal shape, a hexagonal shape, and a heptagonal shape in a cross section perpendicular to a length direction or a width direction of the electrical contact conductor. The cross-sectional shape of the graphene layer 30 is determined by the shape of the through-hole of the metal skeleton. In some embodiments, the shape of the graphene layer 30 may be various, such as the first conductive layer 11 in which the graphene layer 30 is a quadrilateral shape, and the second conductive layer 12 in which the graphene layer 30 is a pentagon shape. Of course, in some implementation processes, the shape of the graphene layer 30 in a projection plane perpendicular to the length direction or the width direction may also be other shapes, which is described herein in detail.
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 1, the method for manufacturing an electrical contact conductor according to the above embodiment includes the following steps:
s01, pressing metal particles into a metal framework with through holes;
s02, filling graphene into the through hole to form a prefabricated structure;
and S03, extruding and stretching the prefabricated structure to form the electric contact conductor.
Compared with the prior art that adopts graphene and metal to mix to form a mixed conductor, the method is different in that: in the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the application, the graphene is filled in the through holes of the metal framework formed by pre-pressing the metal particles, so that the metal framework can provide supporting, fixing and shaping effects for the graphene. In the process of extruding and stretching the prefabricated structure, the metal framework can fixedly clamp the graphene to perform compactness treatment on the graphene, so that the density of the graphene layer 30 reaches a certain density requirement in a through hole of the metal framework, and meanwhile, the graphene layer 30 can be mechanically stripped, so that the ordered arrangement degree of the graphene layer 30 is high and the graphene layer is close to a non-agglomeration state. Therefore, after the electrical contact conductor formed by the preparation method of the embodiment of the application is conductive, since the graphene layer 30 and the metal layer 20 of the electrical contact conductor are separate conductive parts, electrons can migrate in the graphene layer 30 independently, the rate of transfer of the electrons between the graphene layers 30 independently is improved, the rate of transfer of channels formed by the electrons between the metal graphene or the metal is reduced, and further the conductivity of the graphene material can be fully exerted.
In step S01, metal particles are placed in an extrusion die, and a metal skeleton having through holes is formed by hot extrusion. The metal framework contains a plurality of through holes. When the electric contact conductor is implemented, an extrusion die can be designed according to the structural design requirement of the electric contact conductor, so that the through holes in the formed metal framework have preset sizes and are arranged according to a preset sequence.
In step S02, the graphene may be filled into the through hole by a CVD method to form a prefabricated structure. The prefabricated structure is shown in fig. 2 or 8. CVD method is chemical deposition method. Filling the graphene into the through holes by a CVD method, so that the graphene is distributed in the through holes orderly before extrusion and stretching; after extrusion and stretching, the graphene deposited and formed in an ordered distribution by the CVD method is subjected to compactness treatment and mechanical stripping again by extrusion, so that the graphene agglomerated and formed again by disordered arrangement and the extrusion process in the CVD method can be subjected to mechanical stripping and ordered distribution treatment further, and the conductivity of the electric contact conductor is improved.
In some embodiments, spherical graphene or graphene sheets may also be filled into the through holes. Compared with the technical scheme of filling the graphene into the through holes by a CVD method, the graphene is distributed in the through holes more disorderly and has a larger agglomeration degree before extrusion and stretching, so that process parameters need to be controlled more strictly during extrusion and stretching. Generally speaking, the graphene is filled into the through holes by a CVD method, which can ensure that the graphene is orderly distributed in the through holes without agglomeration.
In step S03, the preform is extruded and drawn in an extrusion and drawing die. When the extrusion, metal framework forms certain extrusion force to graphite alkene, because graphite alkene fills in the through-hole, metal framework can stabilize graphite alkene layer 30's cross sectional shape, and in the electrical contact conductor after the formation, external force is to graphite alkene layer 30's adverse effect when the metal part can avoid using, for example when using, external force is difficult to make graphite alkene layer 30 produce deformation.
Specifically, the prefabricated structure is placed in an extrusion drawing die; and heating the prefabricated structure to a preset temperature interval. The preset temperature interval is 600-900 ℃. And intermittently annealing, and extruding and stretching the prefabricated structure in the intermittent annealing process. The extrusion draw-texturing of the preform is carried out under batch annealing conditions. Generally, when the graphene is filled into the through hole, a connection relation is not established between partial graphene, meanwhile, because the prefabricated structure is formed with the multiple conductive layers 10 which are stacked along the thickness direction, the thickness of the formed electric contact conductor is reduced and the number of layers is reduced due to extrusion, stretching and deformation, and if annealing is not performed, the graphene is broken, so that the mechanical performance is reduced; therefore, the intermittent annealing is adopted, so that the ordered arrangement of the graphene layers 30 is facilitated, the agglomerated graphene can be dispersed, and meanwhile, the broken and unconnected graphene can be connected to form the coherent and ordered arrangement graphene, so that the finally formed electric contact conductor is ordered in arrangement and free of agglomeration.
In some embodiments, for example, the prefabricated structure is heated to 900 ℃, and the prefabricated structure is firstly subjected to extrusion and stretching deformation, wherein the extrusion and stretching deformation rate is 1%; after the prefabricated structure deforms, the temperature is reduced to 800 ℃, and then the prefabricated structure is subjected to extrusion stretching deformation, wherein the extrusion stretching deformation rate is 2%. And gradually reducing the temperature until the deformation rate reaches the designed deformation rate to form the electric contact conductor. Through extrusion and stretching deformation at different temperatures, the graphene is mechanically stripped for multiple times, so that the graphene is orderly arranged and agglomerated, and meanwhile, the connection stress between metal and the graphene is uniform and free from sudden change, thereby being beneficial to improving the mechanical property, the conductivity and the wear resistance of the electric contact conductor.
The metal particles are at least one of copper particles, aluminum particles, silver particles, copper-silver alloy particles, iron particles, copper-tin alloy particles, nickel-silver alloy particles, or copper-nickel alloy particles. Of course, in some specific fields, the metal particles may be selected from other metals capable of conducting electricity, which is not illustrated. Since copper has good electrical conductivity and ductility, the metal particles are generally selected from copper particles or copper-nickel alloy particles. In some embodiments, the metal particles have a particle size of 20-70um.
As an alternative to the above embodiment, the preform structure comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite each other in its width direction. The first surface and the second surface are two end surfaces of the prefabricated structure in the width direction. Referring to fig. 2 or 8, the width direction and the axial direction of the through-hole are arranged to intersect. In general, the through-hole extends in a straight direction, and the width direction and the axial direction of the through-hole are perpendicular to each other. In other embodiments, the through-hole extends along a curved direction, such as an S-shaped curve, where the width direction and the axial direction of the through-hole intersect each other.
As shown in fig. 3, the extruding and drawing the prefabricated structure includes: applying tensile forces F11 and F12 on the first and second surfaces, respectively, and applying compressive forces F32, F31, F21, F22 on the remaining faces of the preform structure, such that the preform structure is stretched in the width direction. For example, the first surface and the second surface may be curved surfaces or flat surfaces. Typically, the first surface and the second surface are both planar. The faces of the prefabricated construction other than the first and second surfaces are the remaining faces. By applying pressure on the remaining faces of the pre-formed structure, i.e. to the pre-formed structure, the pre-formed structure is stretched only in the width direction when a pulling force is applied on said first and second surfaces, while the remaining directions are compressed to form the electrical contact conductor. Applying a tensile force to both the opposite surfaces in the width direction stretches the prefabricated structure, which can effectively mechanically peel the graphene layer 30. By applying the tensile force only in the width direction and applying the pressure in the other directions, the formed graphene layer 30 has the extrusion force around the graphene layer, and the graphene layer 30 can be prevented from being disadvantageously deformed due to the external force.
As shown in fig. 3, the prefabricated structure is further explained by taking the case of a rectangular parallelepiped structure: in some implementations, the preform structure includes a third surface and a fourth surface disposed opposite in a lengthwise direction. The third surface and the fourth surface are two end surfaces of the prefabricated structure in the length direction. The preform structure further includes a fifth surface and a sixth surface oppositely disposed in a thickness direction. The fifth surface and the sixth surface are both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the preform structure. The length direction, the width direction and the thickness direction are perpendicular to each other. The axial direction of the through-hole has a component in the length direction. Generally, the axial direction of the through-hole is parallel to the longitudinal direction. The extrusion and stretching of the prefabricated structure are as follows: applying tensile forces F11 and F12 on the first and second surfaces, first compressive forces F32, F31 on the third and fourth surfaces, and second compressive forces F21, F22 on the fifth and sixth surfaces, such that the preform structure is stretched in the width direction. In general, in order to make the deformation of the preform structure uniform in the non-stretching direction, the first pressures F32 and F31 are equal, and the second pressures F21 and F22 are equal.
Of course, in other embodiments, the preformed structure may be a non-rectangular parallelepiped structure, such as a cylindrical structure, a prismatic structure, or the like.
As an alternative to the above-mentioned embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the metal framework has at least two conductive layers 10 stacked in the thickness direction; at least two of the conductive layers 10 include a first conductive layer 11 and a second conductive layer 12; the applying of the tensile force on the first surface and the second surface respectively is as follows: a first pulling force F11 is exerted on a first surface located on said first conductive layer 11 and a second pulling force F12 is exerted on a second surface located on the second conductive layer 12. Also the pulling force that applys on the width direction is the collineation setting not, and "dislocation" is tensile promptly, can make graphite alkene layer 30 just can produce deformation, can produce the displacement again, can do benefit to the machinery of graphite alkene to peel off, reduces the degree of reuniting, does benefit to metal level 20 and supports adjacent graphite alkene layer 30, ensures graphite alkene layer 30's stability.
As an optional implementation manner of the above embodiment, the first conductive layer 11 and the second conductive layer 12 are two surface layers of the metal skeleton in the thickness direction. Namely: during the extrusion and stretching, the applied pulling force is respectively located on the conductive layers 10 at the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer, so as to facilitate the "dislocation" stretching of the prefabricated structure, such that the extending direction of the graphene layer 30 crosses the length direction of the electrical contact conductor in a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the electrical contact conductor, as shown in fig. 4. The projection plane is an electron transfer plane of the electrical contact conductor, and the direction of the graphene layer 30 is the actual electron transfer direction. The extending direction and the length direction of the graphene layer 30 are arranged in a crossed manner, so that electrons can be transferred for a longer distance in the graphene layer 30, and the improvement of the migration rate of the electrons and the migration rate of the electrons in the graphene layer 30 are facilitated; meanwhile, the staggered stretching enables the graphene layer 30 to bend and extend in the projection plane, so that mechanical stripping is achieved, the ordered arrangement degree of the graphene layer is improved, and the agglomeration degree is reduced.
In some cases, an included angle is formed between the extending direction of the graphene layer and the length direction, and the included angle gradually decreases from two surfaces located in the length direction to the inside of the electrical contact conductor. In a specific implementation, the graphene layer 30 extends along the axis O2 of the through hole before the electrical contact conductor is subjected to stretching and pressing; and the graphene layer 30 is bent in the extending direction after the electrical contact conductor is stretched and pressed, and extends along the bent middle line O1. After extrusion and stretching are carried out, an included angle is formed between the extending direction of the graphene layer and the length direction, namely the axis O2 and the bending central line O1 are intersected with each other. And the included angle gradually decreases from the two surfaces in the length direction to the inside of the electric contact conductor. In some embodiments, the included angle is smallest at the midpoint of the graphene layer 30. In some embodiments, the midpoint is formed by the curved middle line O1 of the graphene layer 30 intersecting with its length axis, which is the extension line (axis O2 of the via) of the electrical contact conductor before the tensile compression is performed, namely: the included angle gradually increases from the intersection point to the direction of the surfaces on both sides in the length direction. As shown in fig. 7, the graphene layer 30 is bent to some extent compared to that before unstretched extrusion, which is beneficial to improve the mechanical properties of the graphene layer 30 and to its ordered arrangement, preventing agglomeration.
As an optional implementation manner of the foregoing embodiment, after the prefabricated structure is subjected to extrusion stretching, the extrusion stretching deformation rate of the prefabricated structure is 3% to 8%. The rate of extrusion can be calculated from the rate of change of dimension in the width direction, for example, the dimension of the preform structure in the width direction is L 0 The electric contact conductor is formed to have a dimension L in the width direction 1 Then the extrusion-stretch deformation rate ε:
ε＝(L 1 -L 0 )/L 1
through the utility model discloses a research of people discovers, and prefabricated construction's extrusion deformation rate is 3% ~ 8%, and graphite alkene layer 30's the degree of arranging in order is higher, more approaches to the state that does not reunite for the mechanical properties, the electric conductive property and the wear resistance of electrical contact conductor are in the preferred state.
As an alternative to the above embodiment, before pressing the metal particles into the metal skeleton having the through holes, the preparation method further includes: depositing a layer of graphene on the surface of the metal particles. After pressing metal particles into the metal framework, the graphene layer is formed inside the metal framework, and due to the fact that the graphene layer is pressed to reunite on the surface of the metal particles, graphite formed by reunion inside the metal framework can be stretched again in subsequent stretching and extruding so as to be orderly distributed again to form the graphene layer again, and the graphene layer is conductive and wear-resisting of the electric contact conductor. In general, the graphene layer may be deposited by CVD on the surface of the metal particles.
In the above embodiments, the width direction, the length direction, and the thickness direction are relative orientations used for the purpose of fully embodying the technical idea of the embodiments of the present application. In an actual configuration, the implementer may redefine the definitions.
The above detailed description is provided for an electrical contact conductor provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by applying specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be some changes in the specific implementation and application scope, and to sum up, the content of the present specification should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electric contact conductor is characterized by comprising at least two conducting layers, wherein each conducting layer is sequentially provided with at least two metal layers and a graphene layer along the width direction of the conducting layer, and the graphene layer is arranged between two adjacent metal layers; the graphene layers between two adjacent conductive layers are arranged in a staggered manner in the width direction and do not meet each other.
2. The electrical contact conductor of claim 1, wherein; at least two of the conductive layers comprise adjacent third and fourth conductive layers;
the third conducting layer comprises a first metal layer, a first graphene layer and a second metal layer which are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the third conducting layer;
the fourth conducting layer comprises a third metal layer, a second graphene layer and a fourth metal layer which are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the fourth conducting layer;
the third metal layer or the fourth metal layer is arranged on the first graphene layer in an overlapping mode, the third metal layer or the fourth metal layer is respectively connected with the part of the first metal layer and the part of the second metal layer, and the second graphene layer is arranged on the first metal layer and the second metal layer in an overlapping mode.
3. The electrical contact conductor according to claim 1, wherein the electrical contact conductor has a graphene layer extending in a length direction thereof and a graphene layer extending in a width direction thereof, which meet each other, in a section perpendicular to a thickness direction of the electrical contact conductor.
4. The electrical contact conductor according to claim 1, wherein an extending direction of the graphene layer crosses a length direction of the electrical contact conductor in a projection plane perpendicular to a thickness direction of the electrical contact conductor.
5. The electrical contact conductor according to claim 4, wherein the extending direction of the graphene layer forms an angle with the longitudinal direction, and the angle is gradually smaller from both surfaces located in the longitudinal direction toward the inside of the electrical contact conductor.
6. The electrical contact conductor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the graphene layer has one or more of a quadrilateral, a pentagonal, a hexagonal, and a heptagonal shape in a cross section perpendicular to a length direction of the electrical contact conductor.
7. The electrical contact conductor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the graphene layer has one or more of a quadrangular shape, a pentagonal shape, a hexagonal shape, and a heptagonal shape in a cross section perpendicular to a width direction of the electrical contact conductor.
8. The electrical contact conductor of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the graphene layer width is 10-70um.
9. The electrical contact conductor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the graphene layer has a thickness of 1-10um.
10. An electrical contact conductor according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ratio of the width of the graphene layer to the width of any adjacent metal layer is 1:6 to 1:1.5.
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| CN202222173684.8U CN218159659U (en) | 2022-08-17 | 2022-08-17 | Electrical contact conductor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116682596A (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2023-09-01 | 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 | Graphene-metal composite conductor, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117410013A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 | Graphene conductor and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116682596A (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2023-09-01 | 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 | Graphene-metal composite conductor, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116682596B (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2023-10-13 | 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 | Graphene-metal composite conductor, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117410013A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 | Graphene conductor and preparation method thereof |
| CN117410013B (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-03-12 | 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 | Graphene conductor and preparation method thereof |
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